Cardiovascular DiseasesPhase 2NCT00000537
Stress Reduction & CVD Morbidity and Mortality in Blacks
A Phase 2 study testing meditation and relaxation in people with Cardiovascular Diseases and Heart Diseases, run by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI).
Trial summary
To compare the effects of two stress reduction techniques, Transcendental Meditation (TM) and Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), on the control of mild hypertension in elderly Blacks with hypertension. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 55 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Diseases, Hypertension
- What is being tested?
- meditation and relaxation
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- How many people
- Not given
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- Jul 1992to Jul 2008
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 55 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Inner-city Blacks with mild hypertension
About this study
To compare the effects of two stress reduction techniques, Transcendental Meditation (TM) and Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), on the control of mild hypertension in elderly Blacks with hypertension.
Read the detailed description
BACKGROUND:
Life expectancy for Black Americans is about 10 percent less than for whites. The leading cause of excessive mortality in older Blacks is cardiovascular disease which may be largely due to disproportionately high rates of hypertension in older Blacks. Conventional antihypertensive drug therapies are frequently associated with adverse effects on quality-of-life (QL) and low compliance rates, especially in elderly minority populations.
The present study is an extension of a pilot study on a comparable sample of 80 Black elderly. The previous study, which was the first of its kind, yielded results which indicated that both TM and PMR produced moderate reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, with TM producing the most significant improvements in blood pressure and in quality-of-life. Dr. Schneider hypothesized from this and related evidence that TM should prove to be an effective therapeutic adjunct to regular pharmacotherapy for mild hypertension in elderly Blacks, and should prove even more effective in fostering compliance and in improving overall quality-of-life without any of the unpleasant side effects of anti-hypertensive medications.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
Randomized. Over an 18-month period, 213 people were screened for inclusion in the study. Of these, 127 with initial diastolic blood pressure of 90 to 109 mm Hg, systolic blood pressure of 189 mm Hg or less, and final baseline blood pressure of 179/104 or less mm Hg were randomized to treatment. Of the 127 participants, 16 did not complete follow-up blood pressure measurements. Thus, 111 subjects completed the study. All subjects were pretested over a four session baseline period on clinic blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure, cardiovascular and emotional reactivity, and quality-of-life measures. Subjects were then randomly assigned, 36 to TM, 37 to PMR, and 38 to lifestyle modification education control and followed monthly with major post-tests at three months and eighteen months on these variables. The primary outcome variables were changes in clinic systolic and diastolic blood pressure values measured blindly. The secondary outcomes were changes in self-monitored home blood pressure and compliance.
The study was extended through July, 2007 for an additional 5 years of followup of the cohort.
- Being tested
- meditation, relaxation
- Medical subject headings
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Diseases, Hypertension, Vascular Diseases
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
meditationBehavioural
relaxationBehavioural
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 Oct 1999 (estimated)
- Study startJul 1992
- Primary completionJul 2008
- Study completionJul 2008
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Cardiovascular DiseasesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)The sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
Sponsor and investigators
- Sponsor type
- US National Institutes of Health
- Investigators
- Robert Schneider, Maharishi International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00000537
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 80
- Status last verified
- Jul 2008
- First submitted
- 27 Oct 1999
- Last updated
- 24 Jul 2008
- Results posted
- No
Publications
Schneider RH, Staggers F, Alxander CN, Sheppard W, Rainforth M, Kondwani K, Smith S, King CG. A randomised controlled trial of stress reduction for hypertension in older African Americans. Hypertension. 1995 Nov;26(5):820-7. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.26.5.820.
PubMed 7591024Alexander CN, Schneider RH, Staggers F, Sheppard W, Clayborne BM, Rainforth M, Salerno J, Kondwani K, Smith S, Walton KG, Egan B. Trial of stress reduction for hypertension in older African Americans. II. Sex and risk subgroup analysis. Hypertension. 1996 Aug;28(2):228-37. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.28.2.228.
PubMed 8707387Barnes V, Schneider R, Alexander C, Staggers F. Stress, stress reduction, and hypertension in African Americans: an updated review. J Natl Med Assoc. 1997 Jul;89(7):464-76.
PubMed 9220696Schneider RH, Alexander CN, Staggers F, Orme-Johnson DW, Rainforth M, Salerno JW, Sheppard W, Castillo-Richmond A, Barnes VA, Nidich SI. A randomized controlled trial of stress reduction in African Americans treated for hypertension for over one year. Am J Hypertens. 2005 Jan;18(1):88-98. doi: 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.08.027.
PubMed 15691622
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Jul 2008. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Stress Reduction & CVD Morbidity and Mortality in Blacks
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00000537
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 80
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Lead sponsor
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)US National Institutes of Health
- Study start
- Jul 1992
- Primary completion
- Jul 2008 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jul 2008 (actual)
- First posted
- 28 Oct 1999 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To compare the effects of two stress reduction techniques, Transcendental Meditation (TM) and Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), on the control of mild hypertension in elderly Blacks with hypertension.
Detailed description
BACKGROUND:
Life expectancy for Black Americans is about 10 percent less than for whites. The leading cause of excessive mortality in older Blacks is cardiovascular disease which may be largely due to disproportionately high rates of hypertension in older Blacks. Conventional antihypertensive drug therapies are frequently associated with adverse effects on quality-of-life (QL) and low compliance rates, especially in elderly minority populations.
The present study is an extension of a pilot study on a comparable sample of 80 Black elderly. The previous study, which was the first of its kind, yielded results which indicated that both TM and PMR produced moderate reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, with TM producing the most significant improvements in blood pressure and in quality-of-life. Dr. Schneider hypothesized from this and related evidence that TM should prove to be an effective therapeutic adjunct to regular pharmacotherapy for mild hypertension in elderly Blacks, and should prove even more effective in fostering compliance and in improving overall quality-of-life without any of the unpleasant side effects of anti-hypertensive medications.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
Randomized. Over an 18-month period, 213 people were screened for inclusion in the study. Of these, 127 with initial diastolic blood pressure of 90 to 109 mm Hg, systolic blood pressure of 189 mm Hg or less, and final baseline blood pressure of 179/104 or less mm Hg were randomized to treatment. Of the 127 participants, 16 did not complete follow-up blood pressure measurements. Thus, 111 subjects completed the study. All subjects were pretested over a four session baseline period on clinic blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure, cardiovascular and emotional reactivity, and quality-of-life measures. Subjects were then randomly assigned, 36 to TM, 37 to PMR, and 38 to lifestyle modification education control and followed monthly with major post-tests at three months and eighteen months on these variables. The primary outcome variables were changes in clinic systolic and diastolic blood pressure values measured blindly. The secondary outcomes were changes in self-monitored home blood pressure and compliance.
The study was extended through July, 2007 for an additional 5 years of followup of the cohort.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 55 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| meditation | Behavioural | – |
| relaxation | Behavioural | – |
Primary outcome
Not reported in the source record.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Jul 2008.
- Background: PubMed 7591024Schneider RH, Staggers F, Alxander CN, Sheppard W, Rainforth M, Kondwani K, Smith S, King CG. A randomised controlled trial of stress reduction for hypertension in older African Americans. Hypertension. 1995 Nov;26(5):820-7. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.26.5.820.
- Background: PubMed 8707387Alexander CN, Schneider RH, Staggers F, Sheppard W, Clayborne BM, Rainforth M, Salerno J, Kondwani K, Smith S, Walton KG, Egan B. Trial of stress reduction for hypertension in older African Americans. II. Sex and risk subgroup analysis. Hypertension. 1996 Aug;28(2):228-37. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.28.2.228.
- Background: PubMed 9220696Barnes V, Schneider R, Alexander C, Staggers F. Stress, stress reduction, and hypertension in African Americans: an updated review. J Natl Med Assoc. 1997 Jul;89(7):464-76.
- Background: PubMed 15691622Schneider RH, Alexander CN, Staggers F, Orme-Johnson DW, Rainforth M, Salerno JW, Sheppard W, Castillo-Richmond A, Barnes VA, Nidich SI. A randomized controlled trial of stress reduction in African Americans treated for hypertension for over one year. Am J Hypertens. 2005 Jan;18(1):88-98. doi: 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.08.027.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Robert Schneider
Maharishi International University
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing meditation and relaxation in people with Cardiovascular Diseases and Heart Diseases, run by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Jul 2008. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00000537, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Jul 2008.