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AzTrials

HIV InfectionsPhase 1NCT00001007

A Study of Zidovudine in Infants Exposed to the HIV Before or Soon After Birth

A Phase 1 study testing Zidovudine in people with HIV Infections, run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at 6 sites in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

To determine if intravenous (IV) and oral zidovudine (AZT) can be safely given to children aged 1 day to 3 months who were born to mothers with an HIV infection. Also to determine the correct dose of AZT for young children. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 1 day to 3 monthsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
HIV Infections
What is being tested?
Zidovudine
How many people
18 participants
Where
6 sitesUnited States
Study dates
Start not givento not given
Phase
Phase 1
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 1 day to 3 months
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Child

Who may be able to join

  • Infant gestation period must have been = or > 36 weeks and birthweight must = or > 2000 grams. Active infection must not be present at the time of entry into the study although an HIV culture or P24 serum antigen determination must be obtained prior to study entry. The child must have a life expectancy greater than 3 months. Parents or guardian must be available to give informed consent.
  • Prior Medication:
  • Allowed on a case-by-case basis:
  • Some essential supportive therapies including antibiotics.

Who cannot join

  • Co-existing Condition:
  • Patients with the following conditions or symptoms are excluded:
  • Any of the following laboratory findings within 2 weeks of study entry.
  • A total bilirubin > 2 times age-adjusted upper limit of normal.
  • Liver transaminase values > 3 x upper limit of normal.
  • Serum creatinine > 1.5 x upper limit of normal.
Show all 25Show fewer
  • Total granulocyte count < 1500 cells/mm3.
  • Hemoglobin < 10 g/dl or hemoglobinopathy.
  • A urine toxicology screen positive for any drug or chemical.
  • Infants must not have hemoglobinopathy or active infection at entry.
  • Prior Medication:
  • Excluded within 2 months of study entry:
  • Antiretroviral agents.
  • Excluded within 4 weeks of study entry:
  • Immunomodulating agents including steroids, interferon, isoprinosine, and interleukin.
  • Immunoglobulin.
  • Excluded within 2 weeks of study entry:
  • Any other experimental therapy, drugs which cause prolonged neutropenia or significant nephrotoxicity, or rifampin / rifampin derivatives.
  • Some essential supportive therapies including antibiotics may have infrequent or transient effects. These drugs will be considered on a case-by-case basis.
  • Prior Treatment:
  • Excluded within 2 weeks of study entry:
  • Red blood cells or whole blood transfusion.
  • Excluded within 4 weeks of study entry:
  • Lymphocyte transfusions for immune reconstitution.
  • Infants may not be entered into the study during the first 2 weeks of life if their mother received methadone therapy during the last trimester of her pregnancy or used any known illicit drug. A maternal urine toxicology screen may be optionally performed prior to entry of the child, and children whose mothers have a screen which is positive for any drugs or chemicals may not be enrolled within 2 weeks of the positive screen.

Trial locations and contacts

6 sites in 1 country.

6 sites in 1 country

United States6 sites

  • Johns Hopkins Hosp - Pediatric

    Baltimore, Maryland, 212874933

  • Johns Hopkins Hosp

    Baltimore, Maryland, 21287

  • Univ of Alabama at Birmingham

    Birmingham, Alabama, 35294

  • Boston Med Ctr

    Boston, Massachusetts, 02118

  • Duke Univ Med Ctr

    Durham, North Carolina, 277103499

  • Stanford Univ School of Medicine

    Stanford, California, 94305

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: A Multicenter Phase I Trial To Evaluate the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous and Oral Zidovudine in Infants With Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Exposure

To determine if intravenous (IV) and oral zidovudine (AZT) can be safely given to children aged 1 day to 3 months who were born to mothers with an HIV infection. Also to determine the correct dose of AZT for young children. Of a total of 908 pediatric AIDS cases, 78 percent have acquired HIV infection from a mother with HIV infection or at high risk for acquisition of HIV, and the number of cases in children is expected to increase over the next several years. AZT therapy may be effective in altering the course of the disease and decreasing the high mortality in these children. It is also possible that early intervention with AZT may prevent the establishment of HIV contracted before, during, or just after birth.

Read the detailed description

Of a total of 908 pediatric AIDS cases, 78 percent have acquired HIV infection from a mother with HIV infection or at high risk for acquisition of HIV, and the number of cases in children is expected to increase over the next several years. AZT therapy may be effective in altering the course of the disease and decreasing the high mortality in these children. It is also possible that early intervention with AZT may prevent the establishment of HIV contracted before, during, or just after birth.

The children entered in this study receive oral and IV AZT. The first 6 children receive 2 IV doses and 2 oral doses over a 2-week period, then 4 weeks of continuous oral dosing (4 doses per day). The remaining 12 children receive

1 IV dose and 1 oral dose followed by 6 weeks of oral AZT (4 doses per day) and a second IV dose at the end of the study. Each child is under the care of a specialist in pediatrics and has a physical examination and laboratory tests before starting AZT and 6 times while taking AZT to make sure the drug is not having a toxic effect on the child. A single cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample is taken from the last 12 children entering the study, so that the level of the AZT reaching the brain can be measured. The child returns to the hospital or clinic 4 weeks after the end of therapy to make sure that there are no delayed toxic effects.

Conditions
HIV Infections
Being tested
Zidovudine
Keywords
Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Infusions, Intravenous, Drug Evaluation, Administration, Oral, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Zidovudine
Medical subject headings
HIV Infections, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted31 Aug 2001 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Treatment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
18 participants
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT00001007
Sponsor's protocol ID
ACTG 049
Other IDs
FDA 9D
Status last verified
Jan 2003
First submitted
2 Nov 1999
Last updated
15 Jul 2008
Results posted
No

Publications

  • Vance E, Guzman J, Bitar M, Kazanjian P. Clarithromycin and zidovudine pharmacokinetic study. Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(2):201 (abstract no PB0816)

  • Vance E, Watson-Bitar M, Gustavson L, Kazanjian P. Pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and zidovudine in patients with AIDS. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Jun;39(6):1355-60. doi: 10.1128/AAC.39.6.1355.

    PubMed 7574530

  • Boucher FD, Modlin JF, Weller S, Ruff A, Mirochnick M, Pelton S, Wilfert C, McKinney R Jr, Crain MJ, Elkins MM, et al. Phase I evaluation of zidovudine administered to infants exposed at birth to the human immunodeficiency virus. J Pediatr. 1993 Jan;122(1):137-44. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83507-3.

    PubMed 8419601

  • Collart L, Blaschke TF, Boucher F, Prober CG. Potential of population pharmacokinetics to reduce the frequency of blood sampling required for estimating kinetic parameters in neonates. Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1992;18(1-2):71-80.

    PubMed 1483365

  • Polis MA, Piscitelli SC, Vogel S, Witebsky FG, Conville PS, Petty B, Kovacs JA, Davey RT Jr, Walker RE, Falloon J, Metcalf JA, Craft C, Lane HC, Masur H. Clarithromycin lowers plasma zidovudine levels in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Aug;41(8):1709-14. doi: 10.1128/AAC.41.8.1709.

    PubMed 9257746

  • Balis FM, Pizzo PA, Eddy J, Wilfert C, McKinney R, Scott G, Murphy RF, Jarosinski PF, Falloon J, Poplack DG. Pharmacokinetics of zidovudine administered intravenously and orally in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Pediatr. 1989 May;114(5):880-4. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(89)80158-1.

    PubMed 2715903

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 1 study testing Zidovudine in people with HIV Infections, run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at 6 sites in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 25 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Jul 2008. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 6 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00001007, which also lists 6 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Jul 2008.

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