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HIV InfectionsPhase 3NCT00006396

Effectiveness of AZT and Nevirapine in Preventing HIV Transmission From Ugandan Mothers to Their Newborns

A Phase 3 study testing Nevirapine and Zidovudine in people with HIV Infections, run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The purpose of this study is to see if nevirapine (NVP) or zidovudine (AZT), given to mothers during labor and delivery and to their babies during the first week of life, can reduce the rate of mothers passing HIV to their babies. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 1 day and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
HIV Infections
What is being tested?
Nevirapine and Zidovudine
How many people
1,500 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
Start not givento Nov 2004
Phase
Phase 3
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 1 day and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Child, Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Mothers may be eligible for this study if they:
  • Have been pregnant for more than 32 weeks and are at least 18 years of age.
  • Are HIV-positive.
  • Reside within 15 km of Mulago Hospital, the study site.
  • Infants may be eligible for this study if they:
  • Are born to mothers enrolled in the study.
  • Have consent of the mother/guardian and, if available, the father.

Who cannot join

  • Mothers will not be eligible for this study if they:
  • Have a serious infection or illness other than HIV.
  • Currently take any anti-HIV drugs.
  • Participate during this pregnancy in another treatment vaccine perinatal trial.
  • Received NVP or AZT within the last 6 months.
  • Are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
Show all 11Show fewer
  • Abuse alcohol or other drugs.
  • Have high blood pressure that is not controlled.
  • Have received any anticoagulants, benzodiazepines other than the study drug, or magnesium sulfate within 2 weeks before being assigned to a study group or delivery.
  • Infants will not be eligible for this study if:
  • Their mother is excluded prior to being assigned to a study group.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site

  • Missie Allen

    Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: A Phase III Placebo-Controlled Trial to Determine the Efficacy of Oral AZT and the Efficacy of Oral Nevirapine for the Prevention of Vertical Transmission of HIV-1 Infection in Pregnant Ugandan Women and Their Neonates

The purpose of this study is to see if nevirapine (NVP) or zidovudine (AZT), given to mothers during labor and delivery and to their babies during the first week of life, can reduce the rate of mothers passing HIV to their babies.

About 25 percent of HIV-infected mothers pass HIV infection to their babies during labor and delivery. There is an urgent need to find a simpler way to prevent mother-to-infant transmission during labor and delivery. The proposed NVP schedule is simpler and possibly could be used in Uganda.

Read the detailed description

There is an urgent need to find a safe, effective means of preventing mother-to-infant HIV transmission that would also be applicable and affordable in developing-country settings. The frequency of vertical HIV-1 transmission is estimated to be 25 percent. The proposed trial specifically will test the hypothesis that chemoprophylaxis of the fetus/neonate during labor and delivery and the first week of life may significantly reduce the risk of perinatal HIV-1 transmission.

Pregnant women infected with HIV-1 are randomized to 1 of 4 study arms and receive either NVP or its placebo, or AZT or its placebo. Mothers in the NVP group receive a single dose of NVP or placebo at the onset of labor and are followed to 6 to 8 weeks after delivery. Infants born to these mothers receive at 48 to 72 hours post-delivery or discharge, whichever comes first, a regimen of the same treatment (NVP or placebo) given to the mother. Infants are followed for 18 months post-delivery by clinical and laboratory evaluation to determine toxicity, evidence of HIV-1 infection, and clinical disease progression.

Mothers in the AZT group receive either a bolus of AZT or its placebo at onset of labor, then doses every 3 hours until delivery, with follow-up to 6 to 8 weeks. Infants begin receiving either a lower dose of AZT or placebo as soon as they can tolerate liquids by mouth, twice daily for 7 days, and are followed for 18 months as in the NVP group.

Conditions
HIV Infections
Being tested
Nevirapine, Zidovudine
Keywords
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, HIV-1, Administration, Oral, Zidovudine, Nevirapine, RNA, Viral, Disease Transmission, Vertical, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Blotting, Western, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Anti-HIV Agents, Viral Load, HIV Seronegativity
Medical subject headings
HIV Infections, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted31 Aug 2001 (estimated)
  2. Study completionNov 2004

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Prevention
Masking
Double blind
Enrolment
1,500 participants
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT00006396
Sponsor's protocol ID
HIVNET 012
Other IDs
11719
Status last verified
Oct 2021
First submitted
10 Oct 2000
Last updated
4 Nov 2021
Results posted
No

Publications

  • Eshleman SH, Mracna M, Guay L, Deseyve M, Cunningham S, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Jackson JB. Selection of nevirapine resistance (NVPR) mutations in Ugandan women and infants receiving NVP prophylaxis to prevent HIV-1 vertical transmission (HIVNET-012). 8th Conf Retro and Opportun Infect. 2001 Feb 4-8 (abstract no 516)

  • Guay LA, Musoke P, Fleming T, Bagenda D, Allen M, Nakabiito C, Sherman J, Bakaki P, Ducar C, Deseyve M, Emel L, Mirochnick M, Fowler MG, Mofenson L, Miotti P, Dransfield K, Bray D, Mmiro F, Jackson JB. Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: HIVNET 012 randomised trial. Lancet. 1999 Sep 4;354(9181):795-802. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)80008-7.

    PubMed 10485720

  • Jackson JB, Musoke P, Fleming T, Guay LA, Bagenda D, Allen M, Nakabiito C, Sherman J, Bakaki P, Owor M, Ducar C, Deseyve M, Mwatha A, Emel L, Duefield C, Mirochnick M, Fowler MG, Mofenson L, Miotti P, Gigliotti M, Bray D, Mmiro F. Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-month follow-up of the HIVNET 012 randomised trial. Lancet. 2003 Sep 13;362(9387):859-68. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14341-3.

    PubMed 13678973

  • Eshleman SH, Guay LA, Mwatha A, Brown ER, Cunningham SP, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Jackson JB. Characterization of nevirapine resistance mutations in women with subtype A vs. D HIV-1 6-8 weeks after single-dose nevirapine (HIVNET 012). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Feb 1;35(2):126-30. doi: 10.1097/00126334-200402010-00004.

    PubMed 14722443

  • Eshleman SH, Guay LA, Fleming T, Mwatha A, Mracna M, Becker-Pergola G, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Jackson JB. Survival of Ugandan infants with subtype A and D HIV-1 infection (HIVNET 012). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2002 Nov 1;31(3):327-30. doi: 10.1097/00126334-200211010-00009.

    PubMed 12439209

  • Eshleman SH, Becker-Pergola G, Deseyve M, Guay LA, Mracna M, Fleming T, Cunningham S, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Jackson JB. Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) subtype on women receiving single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis to prevent hiv-1 vertical transmission (hiv network for prevention trials 012 study). J Infect Dis. 2001 Oct 1;184(7):914-7. doi: 10.1086/323153. Epub 2001 Aug 13.

    PubMed 11509999

  • Eshleman SH, Mracna M, Guay LA, Deseyve M, Cunningham S, Mirochnick M, Musoke P, Fleming T, Glenn Fowler M, Mofenson LM, Mmiro F, Jackson JB. Selection and fading of resistance mutations in women and infants receiving nevirapine to prevent HIV-1 vertical transmission (HIVNET 012). AIDS. 2001 Oct 19;15(15):1951-7. doi: 10.1097/00002030-200110190-00006.

    PubMed 11600822

  • Eshleman SH, Guay LA, Mwatha A, Cunningham SP, Brown ER, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Jackson JB. Comparison of nevirapine (NVP) resistance in Ugandan women 7 days vs. 6-8 weeks after single-dose nvp prophylaxis: HIVNET 012. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2004 Jun;20(6):595-9. doi: 10.1089/0889222041217518.

    PubMed 15242535

  • Eshleman SH, Guay LA, Wang J, Mwatha A, Brown ER, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Jackson JB. Distinct patterns of emergence and fading of K103N and Y181C in women with subtype A vs. D after single-dose nevirapine: HIVNET 012. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005 Sep 1;40(1):24-9. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000174656.71276.d6.

    PubMed 16123677

  • Jackson JB, Parsons T, Musoke P, Nakabiito C, Donnell D, Fleming T, Mirochnick M, Mofenson L, Fowler MG, Mmiro F, Guay L. Association of cord blood nevirapine concentration with reported timing of dose and HIV-1 transmission. AIDS. 2006 Jan 9;20(2):217-22. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000198089.93196.84.

    PubMed 16511414

  • Eshleman SH, Hoover DR, Chen S, Hudelson SE, Guay LA, Mwatha A, Fiscus SA, Mmiro F, Musoke P, Jackson JB, Kumwenda N, Taha T. Resistance after single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis emerges in a high proportion of Malawian newborns. AIDS. 2005 Dec 2;19(18):2167-9. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000194800.43799.94.

    PubMed 16284468

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 3 study testing Nevirapine and Zidovudine in people with HIV Infections, run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 Nov 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00006396, which also lists 11 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 Nov 2021.

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