Acute T-Cell Leukemia-LymphomaPhase 2NCT00061048
Campath-1H for Treating Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma
A Phase 2 study testing Alemtuzumab in people with Acute T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma, run by National Cancer Institute (NCI) at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This study will examine the safety and effectiveness of Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) for treating patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). ATL is caused by a virus called human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) that infects lymphocytes (white blood cells) called T-cells. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Acute T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma
- What is being tested?
- Alemtuzumab
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 29 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- May 2003to Jul 2012
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients must have serum antibodies directed to Human T-lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1).
- All patients must have a histologically confirmed diagnosis of adult T- cell leukemia/lymphoma and more than 10% of the malignant cells must express CD52 and CD25.
- All stages of Tac-expressing adult T-cell leukemia except smoldering are eligible: patients with chronic, lymphoma or acute Acute T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) are eligible.
- Patients must have measurable disease. All patients with greater than 10% abnormal (i.e. Tac homogeneous strongly expressing) peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)in the peripheral blood will be deemed to have measurable disease.
- The patient must have a granulocyte count of at least 100/mm(3) and a platelet count of greater than or equal to 50,000/mm(3).
- Patients must have a creatinine of less than 3.0 mg/dl.
Show all 12Show fewer
- Omission of cytotoxic chemotherapy for ATL for 3 weeks prior to entry into the trial is required. However patients receiving a stable dose of corticosteroids for at least three to four weeks without evidence of tumor response will be eligible.
- Patients must have a life expectancy of greater than 2 months.
- Eligible patients must be greater than or equal to 18 years old. There is no upper age limit.
- Patients must have serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) value less than or equal to 2.5-fold greater than the upper limit of normal and bilirubin less than or equal to 3.0/dl. If a liver function test is judged to be elevated due to the underlying ATL, this parameter will be considered an unevaluable parameter for toxicity determinations.
- Patients must be able to understand and sign an Informed Consent form.
- All patients must use adequate contraception during participation in this trial and for three months after completing therapy.
Who cannot join
- Patients with symptomatic leukemic meningitis will be excluded. However patients that have both ATL and another HTLV-1-associated disease, tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) will be included.
- Pregnant and nursing patients are not eligible for the study. Because the effects of CAMPATH-1H on the developing fetus are unknown pregnant women will be excluded. Breast-feeding in patients with HTLV-1 infection is contraindicated because of the risk of transmission of the virus to the child. In addition, CAMPATH-1H may be present in breast milk and produce adverse events in the breast-feeding child.
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients are excluded from the study. CAMPATH-1H may produce a different pattern of toxicities in patients with HIV infection and in addition the depletion of T cells produced by CAMPATH-1H may have adverse effects on HIV positive individuals.
- Patients with smoldering ATL are excluded.
- Patients with previously received Campath-1GH are ineligible.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute
Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
About this study
Official title: Phase II Study of the Efficacy and Toxicity of Campath-1H in the Therapy of Adult T-Cell Leukemia
This study will examine the safety and effectiveness of Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) for treating patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). ATL is caused by a virus called human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) that infects lymphocytes (white blood cells) called T-cells. Cancerous cells can be found not only in the blood, but also in the skin, lungs, lymph nodes, liver, bone, bone marrow, spleen, and meninges (tissues covering the brain). There are four categories of ATL, based on the aggressiveness of disease-smoldering, chronic, lymphoma, and acute. Campath-1H is a monoclonal antibody that attaches to and kills normal and cancerous lymphocytes, including T cells. Although Campath-1H is an experimental drug for treating ATL, it is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Patients 18 years of age and older with any type of ATL except smoldering may be eligible for this study. Candidates are screened with a medical history and physical examination, photos of skin lesions, measurement of lesions such as lymph nodes and skin nodules, blood and urine tests, electrocardiogram (EKG), chest x-ray, computed tomography (CT) scan or ultrasound of the abdomen, skin biopsy, bone marrow aspirate and biopsy, skin test, and lumbar puncture (spinal tap). Participants undergo treatment in two phases, as follows:
Read more
- Dose escalation phase: Patients receive an infusion of Campath-1H daily for three days. The initial dose is low and is increased daily as long as there are no side effects, or only mild reactions, until the patient is receiving the maximum dose of 30 milligrams per day.
- Stable dose phase: Patients receive infusions of Campath-1H 30 mg three times a week for up to 12 weeks.
In addition to treatment, patients are evaluated with the following tests and procedures:
- History and physical examination every 4 weeks.
- Blood tests every 4 weeks.
- CT scans to measure the size of the tumors every 4 weeks.
- Skin biopsies (if skin disease is present) and lymph note aspirates: Up to five biopsies and five aspirates may be taken to help diagnose the disease and evaluate the effect of Campath-1H on the cancer.
- Bone marrow biopsy: This procedure may be done to document or monitor disease progress.
Patients receive treatment for up to 12 weeks. Treatment may stop earlier if the patient achieves a complete response before the end of 12 weeks. Patients completing the study are followed periodically with a history and physical examination, blood and urine tests, tumor evaluation, skin biopsy and skin testing. They are seen monthly at first and then at 3-month intervals the first year; every 4 months the second year, every 6 months for the third through fifth years, and then yearly.
Read the detailed description
Background:
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive lymphoproliferative disorder caused by an infection with the human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-1 (HTLV-1).
ATL is characterized by rapidly rising peripheral blood leukemia cell counts, lymphadenopathy, lytic bone lesions, hepatosplenomegaly, and skin and solid organ involvement by tumor.
Chemotherapy has shown modest activity and the treatment of ATL has remained largely undefined and the survival of ATL patients poor.
The CD52 surface glycoantigen is overexpressed on ATL cells.
Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) is a humanized rat monoclonal antibody that binds to CD52 and is cytotoxic.
In preclinical models, Campath-1H inhibited tumor growth and improved the survival of Non-obese diabetic (NOD)/severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice injected with human MET-1 ATL cells.
Objectives:
To determine the efficacy of Campath-1H in the treatment of ATL.
To define the time course of Campath-1H saturation in patients with ATL.
To define the toxicity of Campath-1H in patients with ATL.
Eligibility:
Patients with HTLV-I-associated adult T-cell leukemia.
More than 10% of the malignant cells must express CD52 and CD25.
Patients must have measurable disease.
The patient must have a granulocyte count of at least 1000/mm(3) and a platelet count of greater than or equal to 50,000/mm(3).
Design:
A single institution non-randomized open-label Phase II trial.
This trial will recruit a maximum of 30 eligible patients.
Patients will receive antimicrobial and antiviral prophylaxis while on-study due to the known immunosuppressive effects of Campath-1H.
Patients will receive I.V. Campath-1H 3 mg on day 1, 10 mg on day 2, and 30 mg day 3 followed by maintenance Campath-1H 30 mg I.V. three time per week.
Patients will be evaluated for response and continuation of Campath-1H therapy after weeks 4 and 8 of maintenance treatment.
Patients are eligible to receive a maximum of 12 weeks of maintenance Campath-1H treatment.
- Conditions
- Acute T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma
- Being tested
- Alemtuzumab
- Keywords
- Monoclonal Antibody, HTLV-1, CD52, Flow Cytometry, Antibody Saturation, Adult T-Cell Leukemia (ATL), ATL
- Medical subject headings
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
AlemtuzumabBiological
Infusion of Campath-1H 3 mg on day # 1, 10 mg on day #2, and 30 mg day # 3 followed by maintenance Campath-1H 30 mg intravenously three times per week. Patients are eligible to receive a maximum of 12 weeks of maintenance Campath-1H treatment.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Campath-1H | Experimental | Infusion of Campath-1H 3 mg on day # 1, 10 mg on day #2, and 30 mg day # 3 followed by maintenance Campath-1H 30 mg intravenously three times per week. Receives: Biological: Alemtuzumab |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Overall Response Rate
Overall response rate is defined as the percentage of participants with response and utilizes the International Standardized workshop definition.
Complete response(CR)-Complete disappearance of all detectable clinical and radiographic evidence of disease and disappearance of all disease related symptoms if present before therapy and normalization of those biochemical abnormalities (for example LDH) definitely assignable to the lymphoma.
Please see the protocol Link module for the full criteria if desired.
Measured: 60 months
Overall Survival
Time between the first day of treatment to the day of death.
Measured: 60 months
Time to Progression
Time between the first day of treatment to the day of disease progression which is defined as a persistent (at least two determinations) doubling of the peripheral blood leukemic cell count, the development of new lesions, or Ca elevations that are uncontrolled by conventional therapeutic procedures.
Measured: 60 months
Secondary outcomes (2)
Cell Surface Expression of CD52 on Tumor Cells
The CD52 antibody-binding capacity (ABC) value is the measurement of the mean value of the maximum capacity of each cell to bind the anti-CD52 and when determined under conditions of saturating levels of antibody measures number of mean surface CD52 antigens per cell. CD52 ABC is negative when 100% saturation by therapeutic antibody is achieved.
Measured: 6 months
The Number of Participants With Adverse Events
Here are the total number of participants with adverse events. For the detailed list of adverse events see the adverse event module.
Measured: 18 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 May 2003 (estimated)
- Study startMay 2003
- Primary completionJul 2009
- Study completionJul 2012
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Acute T-Cell Leukemia-LymphomaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National Cancer Institute (NCI)The sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 29 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Sponsor type
- US National Institutes of Health
- Investigators
- Thomas A Waldmann, M.D., Principal investigator, NCI, NIH
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00061048
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 030194
- Other IDs
- 03-C-0194, 030194
- Status last verified
- Oct 2012
- First submitted
- 20 May 2003
- Last updated
- 31 Oct 2012
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Kohler G, Milstein C. Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. 1975. Biotechnology. 1992;24:524-6. No abstract available.
PubMed 1422065Catane R, Longo DL. Monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy. Isr J Med Sci. 1988 Sep-Oct;24(9-10):471-6.
PubMed 3060441Dickman S. Antibodies stage a comeback in cancer treatment. Science. 1998 May 22;280(5367):1196-7. doi: 10.1126/science.280.5367.1196. No abstract available.
PubMed 9634400Chen J, Pise-Masison CA, Shih JH, Morris JC, Janik JE, Conlon KC, Keating A, Waldmann TA. Markedly additive antitumor activity with the combination of a selective survivin suppressant YM155 and alemtuzumab in adult T-cell leukemia. Blood. 2013 Mar 14;121(11):2029-37. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-05-427773. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
PubMed 23321252
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 31 Oct 2012. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Phase II Study of the Efficacy and Toxicity of Campath-1H in the Therapy of Adult T-Cell Leukemia
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00061048
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 030194
- Conditions
- Acute T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma
- Keywords
- Monoclonal Antibody, HTLV-1, CD52, Flow Cytometry, Antibody Saturation, Adult T-Cell Leukemia (ATL), ATL
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 29 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)US National Institutes of Health
- Study start
- May 2003
- Primary completion
- Jul 2009 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jul 2012 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 May 2003 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 8 Jun 2011
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will examine the safety and effectiveness of Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) for treating patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). ATL is caused by a virus called human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) that infects lymphocytes (white blood cells) called T-cells. Cancerous cells can be found not only in the blood, but also in the skin, lungs, lymph nodes, liver, bone, bone marrow, spleen, and meninges (tissues covering the brain). There are four categories of ATL, based on the aggressiveness of disease-smoldering, chronic, lymphoma, and acute. Campath-1H is a monoclonal antibody that attaches to and kills normal and cancerous lymphocytes, including T cells. Although Campath-1H is an experimental drug for treating ATL, it is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Patients 18 years of age and older with any type of ATL except smoldering may be eligible for this study. Candidates are screened with a medical history and physical examination, photos of skin lesions, measurement of lesions such as lymph nodes and skin nodules, blood and urine tests, electrocardiogram (EKG), chest x-ray, computed tomography (CT) scan or ultrasound of the abdomen, skin biopsy, bone marrow aspirate and biopsy, skin test, and lumbar puncture (spinal tap). Participants undergo treatment in two phases, as follows:
- Dose escalation phase: Patients receive an infusion of Campath-1H daily for three days. The initial dose is low and is increased daily as long as there are no side effects, or only mild reactions, until the patient is receiving the maximum dose of 30 milligrams per day.
- Stable dose phase: Patients receive infusions of Campath-1H 30 mg three times a week for up to 12 weeks.
In addition to treatment, patients are evaluated with the following tests and procedures:
- History and physical examination every 4 weeks.
- Blood tests every 4 weeks.
- CT scans to measure the size of the tumors every 4 weeks.
- Skin biopsies (if skin disease is present) and lymph note aspirates: Up to five biopsies and five aspirates may be taken to help diagnose the disease and evaluate the effect of Campath-1H on the cancer.
- Bone marrow biopsy: This procedure may be done to document or monitor disease progress.
Patients receive treatment for up to 12 weeks. Treatment may stop earlier if the patient achieves a complete response before the end of 12 weeks. Patients completing the study are followed periodically with a history and physical examination, blood and urine tests, tumor evaluation, skin biopsy and skin testing. They are seen monthly at first and then at 3-month intervals the first year; every 4 months the second year, every 6 months for the third through fifth years, and then yearly.
Detailed description
Background:
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive lymphoproliferative disorder caused by an infection with the human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-1 (HTLV-1).
ATL is characterized by rapidly rising peripheral blood leukemia cell counts, lymphadenopathy, lytic bone lesions, hepatosplenomegaly, and skin and solid organ involvement by tumor.
Chemotherapy has shown modest activity and the treatment of ATL has remained largely undefined and the survival of ATL patients poor.
The CD52 surface glycoantigen is overexpressed on ATL cells.
Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) is a humanized rat monoclonal antibody that binds to CD52 and is cytotoxic.
In preclinical models, Campath-1H inhibited tumor growth and improved the survival of Non-obese diabetic (NOD)/severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice injected with human MET-1 ATL cells.
Objectives:
To determine the efficacy of Campath-1H in the treatment of ATL.
To define the time course of Campath-1H saturation in patients with ATL.
To define the toxicity of Campath-1H in patients with ATL.
Eligibility:
Patients with HTLV-I-associated adult T-cell leukemia.
More than 10% of the malignant cells must express CD52 and CD25.
Patients must have measurable disease.
The patient must have a granulocyte count of at least 1000/mm(3) and a platelet count of greater than or equal to 50,000/mm(3).
Design:
A single institution non-randomized open-label Phase II trial.
This trial will recruit a maximum of 30 eligible patients.
Patients will receive antimicrobial and antiviral prophylaxis while on-study due to the known immunosuppressive effects of Campath-1H.
Patients will receive I.V. Campath-1H 3 mg on day 1, 10 mg on day 2, and 30 mg day 3 followed by maintenance Campath-1H 30 mg I.V. three time per week.
Patients will be evaluated for response and continuation of Campath-1H therapy after weeks 4 and 8 of maintenance treatment.
Patients are eligible to receive a maximum of 12 weeks of maintenance Campath-1H treatment.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Campath-1H | Experimental | Biological: AlemtuzumabInfusion of Campath-1H 3 mg on day # 1, 10 mg on day #2, and 30 mg day # 3 followed by maintenance Campath-1H 30 mg intravenously three times per week. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Patients must have serum antibodies directed to Human T-lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1).
- All patients must have a histologically confirmed diagnosis of adult T- cell leukemia/lymphoma and more than 10% of the malignant cells must express CD52 and CD25.
- All stages of Tac-expressing adult T-cell leukemia except smoldering are eligible: patients with chronic, lymphoma or acute Acute T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) are eligible.
- Patients must have measurable disease. All patients with greater than 10% abnormal (i.e. Tac homogeneous strongly expressing) peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)in the peripheral blood will be deemed to have measurable disease.
- The patient must have a granulocyte count of at least 100/mm(3) and a platelet count of greater than or equal to 50,000/mm(3).
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Patients with symptomatic leukemic meningitis will be excluded. However patients that have both ATL and another HTLV-1-associated disease, tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) will be included.
- Pregnant and nursing patients are not eligible for the study. Because the effects of CAMPATH-1H on the developing fetus are unknown pregnant women will be excluded. Breast-feeding in patients with HTLV-1 infection is contraindicated because of the risk of transmission of the virus to the child. In addition, CAMPATH-1H may be present in breast milk and produce adverse events in the breast-feeding child.
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients are excluded from the study. CAMPATH-1H may produce a different pattern of toxicities in patients with HIV infection and in addition the depletion of T cells produced by CAMPATH-1H may have adverse effects on HIV positive individuals.
- Patients with smoldering ATL are excluded.
- Patients with previously received Campath-1GH are ineligible.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| AlemtuzumabInfusion of Campath-1H 3 mg on day # 1, 10 mg on day #2, and 30 mg day # 3 followed by maintenance Campath-1H 30 mg intravenously three times per week. Patients are eligible to receive a maximum of 12 weeks of maintenance Campath-1H treatment. | Biological | Campath-1H |
Primary outcome
Overall Response Rate
Time frame: 60 months
Overall response rate is defined as the percentage of participants with response and utilizes the International Standardized workshop definition. Complete response(CR)-Complete disappearance of all detectable clinical and radiographic evidence of disease and disappearance of all disease related symptoms if present before therapy and normalization of those biochemical abnormalities (for example LDH) definitely assignable to the lymphoma. Please see the protocol Link module for the full criteria if desired.
Overall Survival
Time frame: 60 months
Time between the first day of treatment to the day of death.
Time to Progression
Time frame: 60 months
Time between the first day of treatment to the day of disease progression which is defined as a persistent (at least two determinations) doubling of the peripheral blood leukemic cell count, the development of new lesions, or Ca elevations that are uncontrolled by conventional therapeutic procedures.
2 secondary outcomes
Cell Surface Expression of CD52 on Tumor Cells
Time frame: 6 months
The Number of Participants With Adverse Events
Time frame: 18 months
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 31 Oct 2012.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 1422065Kohler G, Milstein C. Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. 1975. Biotechnology. 1992;24:524-6. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 3060441Catane R, Longo DL. Monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy. Isr J Med Sci. 1988 Sep-Oct;24(9-10):471-6.
- Background: PubMed 9634400Dickman S. Antibodies stage a comeback in cancer treatment. Science. 1998 May 22;280(5367):1196-7. doi: 10.1126/science.280.5367.1196. No abstract available.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 23321252Chen J, Pise-Masison CA, Shih JH, Morris JC, Janik JE, Conlon KC, Keating A, Waldmann TA. Markedly additive antitumor activity with the combination of a selective survivin suppressant YM155 and alemtuzumab in adult T-cell leukemia. Blood. 2013 Mar 14;121(11):2029-37. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-05-427773. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
- MedlinePlusLink provided by the sponsor.
- Drug Information PortalLink provided by the sponsor.
- U.S FDA ResourcesLink provided by the sponsor.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Thomas A Waldmann, M.D. principal investigator
NCI, NIH
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Alemtuzumab in people with Acute T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma, run by National Cancer Institute (NCI) at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 12 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 31 Oct 2012. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 8 Jun 2011). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Overall Response Rate (time frame: 60 months). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00061048, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 31 Oct 2012.