Congestive Heart Failure, Atrial FibrillationPhase 4NCT00156728
Study to Characterize Atrial Fibrillation in CHF Patients Indicated for CRT
A Phase 4 study testing Vitatron biventricular pacemaker in people with Congestive Heart Failure, Atrial Fibrillation, run by Medtronic BRC at 23 sites in 7 countries.
Trial summary
The purpose of the study is to characterize atrial arrhythmias in patients indicated for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) and to monitor changes in atrial arrhythmias while CRT is provided. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Congestive Heart Failure, Atrial Fibrillation
- What is being tested?
- Vitatron biventricular pacemaker
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- How many people
- 172 participants
- Where
- 23 sitesin 7 countries
- Study dates
- Oct 2003to Dec 2005
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patient is willing and able to comply with the protocol
- Patient is willing to sign written informed consent
- Patient is expected to remain available for Follow-up visits
- Patient age is 18 years and older
- patient is on a stable medication regimen (including beta blockers) for at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment
- Baseline criteria: patients should meet all of the following criteria, to be determined at the baseline assessment procedure within 4 weeks prior to device implantation: - New York Heart Association functional classification III or IV
- QRS duration > 130 ms
- Left ventricular ejection fraction < 35% measured by echocardiography left ventricular end diastolic dimension > 55 mm measured by echocardiography
Who cannot join
- Patients with unstable angina or who have experienced an acute myocardial infarction or received coronary artery revascularization (CABG) or coronary angioplasty (PTCA) within 3 months prior to enrollment or who are candidates for CABG or PTCA
- Patients who have experienced CVA or TIA with permanent disability within 3 months prior to enrollment
- Patient on, or anticipated to require, intravenous inotropic drug therapy
- Patients with severe primary pulmonary disease (such as cor pulmonale)
- Post heart transplant patients and patients on an urgency list for cardiac transplantation
- Supine systolic blood pressure greater than 170 mm
Show all 15Show fewer
- Patient who are not expected to survive for 8 months of study participation due to other medical conditions
- Women who are pregnant or with child bearing potential and who are not on a reliable form of birth control
- Serum creatinine greater than 250 mol/l
- Untreated hyperthyroidism
- Patients enrolled in any concurrent (drug and/or device) study
- Patients with an existing implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or indications for an ICD including those patients with sustained VT within the previous month
- Patients with permanent atrial arrhythmias. Permanent atrial arrhythmia is defined as an arrhythmia for which any possible type of cardioversion is not considered or that is recurrent within 24 hours from an attempted cardioversion
- Patients with contraindications for implantation of a cardiac pacing device
- Patients who are already implanted with a cardiac pacing device for purposes other than Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Trial locations and contacts
23 sites in 7 countries.
23 sites in 7 countries
France12 sites
Centre Hospitalier Du Pays D'Aix
Aix-en-Provence, 13160
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire
Angers, 49033
Chru - Hôpital Cardiologique
Lille, 59037
Centre Hospitalier Saint Philibert
Lomme, 59462
Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel
Lyon, 69394
Nouvelles Cliniques Nantaises
Nantes, 44277
Centre Medico-Chirurgical Ambroise Pare
Neuilly-sur-Seine, 92200
Centre Hospitalier
Pau, 64046
Hôpital Cardiologique Du Haut-Levêque - Chu
Pessac, 33604
Hôpital Pontchaillou - CHU
Rennes, 35033
Centre Chirurgical Du Val D'Or
Saint-Cloud, 92211
Clinique Pasteur
Toulouse, 92211
Czechia4 sites
Fakultní Nemocnice U Sv. Anny V Brně
Brno, 65691
Fakultní Nemocnice S Poliklinikou Ostrava
Ostrava-Poruba, 708 52
Institut Klinické A Experimentální Medicíny
Prague, 140 21
Nemocnice Na Homolce
Prague, 150 30
Netherlands3 sites
Academisch Medisch Centrum
Amsterdam, 1105 AZ
Deventer Ziekenhuis
Deventer, 7451 CM
Tweesteden Ziekenhuis
Tilburg, 5042 AD
About this study
Official title: Congestive Heart Failure Atrial Arrhythmia Monitoring and Pacing (CHAMP)
The purpose of the study is to characterize atrial arrhythmias in patients indicated for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) and to monitor changes in atrial arrhythmias while CRT is provided.
Read the detailed description
The combination of congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation is a common co morbidity, although the exact prevalence of AF in the heart failure population is still unclear. Recent studies show a prevalence of AF ranging from about 10% to 50%, although the type of AF observed and investigated in these studies is not always clearly described.
A number of mechanisms attributed to congestive heart failure may contribute to the development of AF Experimental congestive heart failure promotes sustained AF by ionic remodeling and increased interstitial fibrosis. In contrast to tachycardia-mediated AF, in congestive heart failure no shortening of atrial refractoriness occurs. Atrial tissue stress caused by congestive heart failure may also contribute to promotion of AF by inducing triggered activity, affecting atrial refractoriness properties or resulting in increased tissue mass supporting re-entry [31]. Existence of these mechanisms suggests that treatment of congestive heart failure may also influence the development and progression of AF in these patients. Conversion of chronic AF has been observed in patients with congestive heart failure treated with biventricular pacing Ventricular ionic remodeling likely underlies the increased risk for proarrhythmia in heart failure patients exposed to antiarrhythmic drugs, prolonging the action potential duration , which therefore should be avoided in patients with congestive heart failure.
The independent prognostic significance of AF in heart failure patients is still not completely clear. Results from some recent studies suggest no independent prognostic significance of AF in heart failure patients Result from other large studies on congestive heart failure suggest an independent prognostic effect of AF in patients with AF and congestive heart failure, associated with an increased risk for pump failure death and all-cause mortality a significantly reduced 1-year survival and a higher mortality among heart failure patients who developed AF A recent review with regard to the mortality in studies on congestive heart failure suggests that concomitant AF does not have an additional effect on the mortality in patients with severe heart failure, but does increase the mortality in the setting of mild-to-moderate heart failure This observation may be attributed to the fact that the atrial contribution to left ventricular filling is limited in patients with severe diastolic dysfunction, whereas the atrial contribution may still be of hemodynamic importance in mild-to-moderate heart failure
- Being tested
- Vitatron biventricular pacemaker
- Keywords
- Pacemaker artificial, congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation
- Medical subject headings
- Heart Failure, Atrial Fibrillation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Vitatron biventricular pacemakerDevice
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
AF burden at 6 months
Secondary outcomes (7)
NYHA class,
Ejection Fraction,
all cause and sudden death,
QRS duration,
Left Ventricular End Diastolic Dimension,
QT interval and
T wave amplitude
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Sep 2005 (estimated)
- Study startOct 2003
- Study completionDec 2005
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (50)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Congestive Heart Failure, Atrial FibrillationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 172 participants
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Medtronic BRC
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Investigators
- Bert Albers, Ms Sc PhD, Study director, Medtronic BRCChristophe Leclercq, MD PhD, Principal investigator, Departement de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00156728
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CMD 228
- Status last verified
- Nov 2008
- First submitted
- 8 Sep 2005
- Last updated
- 4 Nov 2008
- Results posted
- No
Publications
Remme WJ, Swedberg K; Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, European Society of Cardiology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2001 Sep;22(17):1527-60. doi: 10.1053/euhj.2001.2783. No abstract available.
PubMed 11492984Mosterd A, de Bruijne MC, Hoes AW, Deckers JW, Hofman A, Grobbee DE. Usefulness of echocardiography in detecting left ventricular dysfunction in population-based studies (The Rotterdam Study). Am J Cardiol. 1997 Jan 1;79(1):103-4. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(96)00691-1.
PubMed 9024752Rihal CS, Davis KB, Kennedy JW, Gersh BJ. The utility of clinical, electrocardiographic, and roentgenographic variables in the prediction of left ventricular function. Am J Cardiol. 1995 Feb 1;75(4):220-3. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(95)80023-l.
PubMed 7832126Wheeldon NM, MacDonald TM, Flucker CJ, McKendrick AD, McDevitt DG, Struthers AD. Echocardiography in chronic heart failure in the community. Q J Med. 1993 Jan;86(1):17-23.
PubMed 8438044SOLVD Investigators; Yusuf S, Pitt B, Davis CE, Hood WB Jr, Cohn JN. Effect of enalapril on mortality and the development of heart failure in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions. N Engl J Med. 1992 Sep 3;327(10):685-91. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199209033271003.
PubMed 1463530Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, Carlsen JE, Bagger H, Eliasen P, Lyngborg K, Videbaek J, Cole DS, Auclert L, Pauly NC. A clinical trial of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor trandolapril in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation (TRACE) Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1995 Dec 21;333(25):1670-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199512213332503.
PubMed 7477219Flather MD, Yusuf S, Kober L, Pfeffer M, Hall A, Murray G, Torp-Pedersen C, Ball S, Pogue J, Moye L, Braunwald E. Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left-ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients. ACE-Inhibitor Myocardial Infarction Collaborative Group. Lancet. 2000 May 6;355(9215):1575-81. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02212-1.
PubMed 10821360Bayliss J, Norell M, Canepa-Anson R, Sutton G, Poole-Wilson P. Untreated heart failure: clinical and neuroendocrine effects of introducing diuretics. Br Heart J. 1987 Jan;57(1):17-22. doi: 10.1136/hrt.57.1.17.
PubMed 3541995Dargie HJ. Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: the CAPRICORN randomised trial. Lancet. 2001 May 5;357(9266):1385-90. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04560-8.
PubMed 11356434Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn JN, Colucci WS, Fowler MB, Gilbert EM, Shusterman NH. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1996 May 23;334(21):1349-55. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199605233342101.
PubMed 8614419Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, Cody R, Castaigne A, Perez A, Palensky J, Wittes J. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1999 Sep 2;341(10):709-17. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199909023411001.
PubMed 10471456Khand AU, Rankin AC, Kaye GC, Cleland JG. Systematic review of the management of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2000 Apr;21(8):614-32. doi: 10.1053/euhj.1999.1767.
PubMed 10731399Digitalis Investigation Group. The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1997 Feb 20;336(8):525-33. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199702203360801.
PubMed 9036306Cazeau S, Ritter P, Lazarus A, Gras D, Backdach H, Mundler O, Mugica J. Multisite pacing for end-stage heart failure: early experience. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1996 Nov;19(11 Pt 2):1748-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1996.tb03218.x.
PubMed 8945034Auricchio A, Stellbrink C, Block M, Sack S, Vogt J, Bakker P, Klein H, Kramer A, Ding J, Salo R, Tockman B, Pochet T, Spinelli J. Effect of pacing chamber and atrioventricular delay on acute systolic function of paced patients with congestive heart failure. The Pacing Therapies for Congestive Heart Failure Study Group. The Guidant Congestive Heart Failure Research Group. Circulation. 1999 Jun 15;99(23):2993-3001. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.99.23.2993.
PubMed 10368116
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 Nov 2008. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Congestive Heart Failure Atrial Arrhythmia Monitoring and Pacing (CHAMP)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00156728
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CMD 228
- Keywords
- Pacemaker artificial, congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 172 participants
- Lead sponsor
- Medtronic BRCIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- Oct 2003
- Study completion
- Dec 2005 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Sep 2005 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of the study is to characterize atrial arrhythmias in patients indicated for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) and to monitor changes in atrial arrhythmias while CRT is provided.
Detailed description
The combination of congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation is a common co morbidity, although the exact prevalence of AF in the heart failure population is still unclear. Recent studies show a prevalence of AF ranging from about 10% to 50%, although the type of AF observed and investigated in these studies is not always clearly described.
A number of mechanisms attributed to congestive heart failure may contribute to the development of AF Experimental congestive heart failure promotes sustained AF by ionic remodeling and increased interstitial fibrosis. In contrast to tachycardia-mediated AF, in congestive heart failure no shortening of atrial refractoriness occurs. Atrial tissue stress caused by congestive heart failure may also contribute to promotion of AF by inducing triggered activity, affecting atrial refractoriness properties or resulting in increased tissue mass supporting re-entry [31]. Existence of these mechanisms suggests that treatment of congestive heart failure may also influence the development and progression of AF in these patients. Conversion of chronic AF has been observed in patients with congestive heart failure treated with biventricular pacing Ventricular ionic remodeling likely underlies the increased risk for proarrhythmia in heart failure patients exposed to antiarrhythmic drugs, prolonging the action potential duration , which therefore should be avoided in patients with congestive heart failure.
The independent prognostic significance of AF in heart failure patients is still not completely clear. Results from some recent studies suggest no independent prognostic significance of AF in heart failure patients Result from other large studies on congestive heart failure suggest an independent prognostic effect of AF in patients with AF and congestive heart failure, associated with an increased risk for pump failure death and all-cause mortality a significantly reduced 1-year survival and a higher mortality among heart failure patients who developed AF A recent review with regard to the mortality in studies on congestive heart failure suggests that concomitant AF does not have an additional effect on the mortality in patients with severe heart failure, but does increase the mortality in the setting of mild-to-moderate heart failure This observation may be attributed to the fact that the atrial contribution to left ventricular filling is limited in patients with severe diastolic dysfunction, whereas the atrial contribution may still be of hemodynamic importance in mild-to-moderate heart failure
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Patient is willing and able to comply with the protocol
- Patient is willing to sign written informed consent
- Patient is expected to remain available for Follow-up visits
- Patient age is 18 years and older
- patient is on a stable medication regimen (including beta blockers) for at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment
Key exclusion criteria (15 listed)
- Patients with unstable angina or who have experienced an acute myocardial infarction or received coronary artery revascularization (CABG) or coronary angioplasty (PTCA) within 3 months prior to enrollment or who are candidates for CABG or PTCA
- Patients who have experienced CVA or TIA with permanent disability within 3 months prior to enrollment
- Patient on, or anticipated to require, intravenous inotropic drug therapy
- Patients with severe primary pulmonary disease (such as cor pulmonale)
- Post heart transplant patients and patients on an urgency list for cardiac transplantation
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Vitatron biventricular pacemaker | Device | – |
Primary outcome
AF burden at 6 months
7 secondary outcomes
NYHA class,
Ejection Fraction,
all cause and sudden death,
QRS duration,
Left Ventricular End Diastolic Dimension,
QT interval and
T wave amplitude
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 Nov 2008.
- Background: PubMed 11492984Remme WJ, Swedberg K; Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, European Society of Cardiology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2001 Sep;22(17):1527-60. doi: 10.1053/euhj.2001.2783. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 9024752Mosterd A, de Bruijne MC, Hoes AW, Deckers JW, Hofman A, Grobbee DE. Usefulness of echocardiography in detecting left ventricular dysfunction in population-based studies (The Rotterdam Study). Am J Cardiol. 1997 Jan 1;79(1):103-4. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(96)00691-1.
- Background: PubMed 7832126Rihal CS, Davis KB, Kennedy JW, Gersh BJ. The utility of clinical, electrocardiographic, and roentgenographic variables in the prediction of left ventricular function. Am J Cardiol. 1995 Feb 1;75(4):220-3. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(95)80023-l.
- Background: PubMed 8438044Wheeldon NM, MacDonald TM, Flucker CJ, McKendrick AD, McDevitt DG, Struthers AD. Echocardiography in chronic heart failure in the community. Q J Med. 1993 Jan;86(1):17-23.
- Background: PubMed 1463530SOLVD Investigators; Yusuf S, Pitt B, Davis CE, Hood WB Jr, Cohn JN. Effect of enalapril on mortality and the development of heart failure in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions. N Engl J Med. 1992 Sep 3;327(10):685-91. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199209033271003.
- Background: PubMed 7477219Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, Carlsen JE, Bagger H, Eliasen P, Lyngborg K, Videbaek J, Cole DS, Auclert L, Pauly NC. A clinical trial of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor trandolapril in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation (TRACE) Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1995 Dec 21;333(25):1670-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199512213332503.
- Background: PubMed 10821360Flather MD, Yusuf S, Kober L, Pfeffer M, Hall A, Murray G, Torp-Pedersen C, Ball S, Pogue J, Moye L, Braunwald E. Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left-ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients. ACE-Inhibitor Myocardial Infarction Collaborative Group. Lancet. 2000 May 6;355(9215):1575-81. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02212-1.
- Background: PubMed 3541995Bayliss J, Norell M, Canepa-Anson R, Sutton G, Poole-Wilson P. Untreated heart failure: clinical and neuroendocrine effects of introducing diuretics. Br Heart J. 1987 Jan;57(1):17-22. doi: 10.1136/hrt.57.1.17.
- Background: PubMed 11356434Dargie HJ. Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: the CAPRICORN randomised trial. Lancet. 2001 May 5;357(9266):1385-90. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04560-8.
- Background: PubMed 8614419Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn JN, Colucci WS, Fowler MB, Gilbert EM, Shusterman NH. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1996 May 23;334(21):1349-55. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199605233342101.
- Background: PubMed 10471456Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, Cody R, Castaigne A, Perez A, Palensky J, Wittes J. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1999 Sep 2;341(10):709-17. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199909023411001.
- Background: PubMed 10731399Khand AU, Rankin AC, Kaye GC, Cleland JG. Systematic review of the management of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2000 Apr;21(8):614-32. doi: 10.1053/euhj.1999.1767.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Bert Albers, Ms Sc PhD study director
Medtronic BRC
Christophe Leclercq, MD PhD principal investigator
Departement de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
23 sites in 7 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Vitatron biventricular pacemaker in people with Congestive Heart Failure, Atrial Fibrillation, run by Medtronic BRC at 23 sites in 7 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 15 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 Nov 2008. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 23 sites in France, Czechia, Netherlands, Italy, Serbia and 2 more countries. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
AF burden at 6 months. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00156728, which also lists 50 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 Nov 2008.