HIV InfectionsPhase 2/3NCT00164580
Community Intervention Trial for Youth (CITY) Study
A Phase 2/3 study testing Community-Level Intervention in people with HIV Infections, run by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at 8 sites in United States.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to test whether a multi-component, community-level, HIV-prevention intervention is more effective than existing HIV prevention activities in reducing unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among men ages 15-25 who have sex with men. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 15 to 25 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- HIV Infections
- What is being tested?
- Community-Level Intervention
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- How many people
- 12,000 participants
- Where
- 8 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- Oct 1996to Aug 2004
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 15 to 25 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- 15-25 years of age
- reports having sexual contact with another man in the past year
- meets the race/ethnicity eligibility criteria for the particular community
Who cannot join
None listed.
Trial locations and contacts
8 sites in 1 country.
8 sites in 1 country
United States8 sites
Georgia State University
Atlanta, Georgia, 30303
University of Alabama - Birmingham
Birmingham, Alabama, 35294
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago, Illinois, 60607
Childrens Hospital Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California, 90027
Medical College of Wisconsin, Center for AIDS Intervention Research
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53202
University of Minnesota Youth and AIDS Projects
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55403
Education Development Center
Newton, Massachusetts, 02158
University of California-San Francisco, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies
San Francisco, California, 94105
About this study
Official title: Prevention of HIV Infection in Youth at Risk: Developing Community-Level Intervention Strategies That Work (Community Intervention Trial for Youth (CITY) Study)
The purpose of this study is to test whether a multi-component, community-level, HIV-prevention intervention is more effective than existing HIV prevention activities in reducing unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among men ages 15-25 who have sex with men.
Read the detailed description
In recent years, there have been increases in the rates of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) reported by men who have sex with men (MSM) and in the numbers of newly diagnosed HIV infections among MSM. Surveys of young MSM (ages 15-29) in numerous U.S. cities from 1994-2000 found an HIV prevalence of 2.2% to 18%, however, HIV prevalence was higher among young MSM of color than among white men. In a survey of 23-29 year-old MSM,nearly 1/3 of African-American men and 15% of Hispanic/Latino men were infected with HIV.
The Community Intervention Trial for Youth (CITY) study is a 13-community randomized control trial designed to evaluate a multi-component, community-level intervention for MSM ages 15-25 (i.e., young MSM or YMSM). All 13 communities have some form of HIV-prevention activities naturally occurring in their jurisdiction, but 6 of the 13 communities were randomly assigned to also receive the multi-component intervention (1 additional city served as a case study and also received the intervention). This intervention includes 4 components: 1) community health advisor network (CHAN) consisting of YMSM who conduct outreach to their peers, including linking other YMSM to community services and conducting other parts of the intervention; 2) social marketing, to include the use media to disseminate HIV risk-reduction messages and promote positive norms for safer sex; 3) large group events with an HIV prevention theme; and 4) small group activities/workshops that focus on increasing HIV prevention skills and enhancing a positive self-identity.
The study population varies by site based on the specific racial or ethnic groups of YMSM that are targeted. African-American YMSM are the study population in Atlanta, Georgia (comparison site); Birmingham, Alabama (intervention site); and Chicago, Illinois (intervention site). Hispanic/Latino YMSM are the study population in Washington Heights/South Bronx, New York (intervention site); Jackson Heights/Queens, New York (comparison site); Orange County, California (intervention site); and San Gabriel Valley, California (comparison site). Asian and Pacific Islander YMSM are the study population in Seattle, Washington (intervention site) and San Diego, California (comparison site). YMSM regardless or race/ethnicity are the study population in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (intervention site); Detroit, Michigan (comparison site), Minneapolis, Minnesota (comparison site); and West Hollywood, California (intervention site).
The primary goals of the intervention are to 1) decrease UAI with any male partners; 2) decrease UAI with main male partners; and 3) decrease UAI with non-main (i.e., casual) male partners. Using a venue-based, time/space sampling strategy in each community, cross-sectional samples of YMSM were interviewed from May-August across 4 years (1999-2002). Data collected in 1999 and 2000 were prior to the implementation of the multi-component intervention, and data collected in 2001 and 2002 were during the implementation of the intervention.
- Conditions
- HIV Infections
- Being tested
- Community-Level Intervention
- Keywords
- Homosexuality, Male, Adolescents, Minority Groups, Community Participation, Community Surveys, HIV Seronegativity, HIV
- Medical subject headings
- HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Community-Level InterventionBehavioural
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
1) unprotected anal intercourse with a male partner in the past 3 months
2) unprotected anal intercourse at last sex with a main male partner (among participants with a male sex partner in the past 3 months and in the past year)
3) unprotected anal intercourse at last sex with the most recent non-main male partner (among participants with a male sex partner in the past 3 months and in the past year)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 Sep 2005 (estimated)
- Study startOct 1996
- Primary completionAug 2002
- Study completionAug 2004
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (16)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HIV InfectionsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 12,000 participants
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Sponsor type
- US federal agency
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Carolyn A Guenther-Grey, M.A., Principal investigator, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00164580
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CDC-NCHSTP-1733
- Other IDs
- U62/CCU113642, U62/CCU513631, U62/CCU513650, U62/CCU513661, U62/CCU913658
- Status last verified
- Sep 2012
- First submitted
- 9 Sep 2005
- Last updated
- 27 Sep 2012
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Agronick G, O'Donnell L, Stueve A, Doval AS, Duran R, Vargo S. Sexual behaviors and risks among bisexually- and gay-identified young Latino men. AIDS Behav. 2004 Jun;8(2):185-97. doi: 10.1023/B:AIBE.0000030249.11679.d0.
PubMed 15187480Choi KH, Yep GA, Kumekawa E. HIV prevention among Asian and Pacific Islander American men who have sex with men: a critical review of theoretical models and directions for future research. AIDS Educ Prev. 1998 Jun;10(3 Suppl):19-30.
PubMed 9642428Choi KH, Kumekawa E, Dang Q, Kegeles SM, Hays RB, Stall R. Risk and protective factors affecting sexual behavior among young Asian and Pacific Islander men who have sex with men: Implications for HIV prevention. Journal of Sex Education and Therapy, 24(1&2): 47-55, 1999.
Choi KH, Han CS, Hudes ES, Kegeles S. Unprotected sex and associated risk factors among young Asian and Pacific Islander men who have sex with men. AIDS Educ Prev. 2002 Dec;14(6):472-81. doi: 10.1521/aeap.14.8.472.24114.
PubMed 12512848Guenther-Grey CA, Varnell S, Weiser JI, Mathy RM, O'Donnell L, Stueve A, Remafedi G; Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. Trends in sexual risk-taking among urban young men who have sex with men, 1999-2002. J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Jul;97(7 Suppl):38S-43S.
PubMed 16080456Hart T, Peterson JL; Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. Predictors of risky sexual behavior among young African American men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2004 Jul;94(7):1122-4. doi: 10.2105/ajph.94.7.1122.
PubMed 15226130Mashburn AJ, Peterson JL, Bakeman R, Miller RL, Clark LF, and the Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. Influences on HIV testing among young African-American men who have sex with men and the moderating effect of the geographic setting. Journal of Community Psychology 32(1): 45-60, 2004.
Miller RL, Bedney BJ, Guenther-Grey C; CITY Project Study Team. Assessing organizational capacity to deliver HIV prevention services collaboratively: tales from the field. Health Educ Behav. 2003 Oct;30(5):582-600. doi: 10.1177/1090198103255327.
PubMed 14582599Muhib FB, Lin LS, Stueve A, Miller RL, Ford WL, Johnson WD, Smith PJ; Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. A venue-based method for sampling hard-to-reach populations. Public Health Rep. 2001;116 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):216-22. doi: 10.1093/phr/116.S1.216.
PubMed 11889287O'Donnell L, Agronick G, San Doval A, Duran R, Myint-U A, Stueve A. Ethnic and gay community attachments and sexual risk behaviors among urban Latino young men who have sex with men. AIDS Educ Prev. 2002 Dec;14(6):457-71. doi: 10.1521/aeap.14.8.457.24109.
PubMed 12512847Peterson JL, Bakeman R, Stokes J, and the Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. Racial/ethnic patterns of HIV sexual risk behaviors among young men who have sex with men. Journal of the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association 5(4): 155-162, 2001.
Remafedi G. Suicidality in a venue-based sample of young men who have sex with men. J Adolesc Health. 2002 Oct;31(4):305-10. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00405-6.
PubMed 12359375Seal DW, Bloom FR, Somlai AM. Dilemmas in conducting qualitative sex research in applied field settings. Health Educ Behav. 2000 Feb;27(1):10-23. doi: 10.1177/109019810002700102.
PubMed 10709789Seal DW, Kelly JA, Bloom FR, Stevenson LY, Coley BI, Broyles LA. HIV prevention with young men who have sex with men: what young men themselves say is needed. Medical College of Wisconsin CITY Project Research Team. AIDS Care. 2000 Feb;12(1):5-26. doi: 10.1080/09540120047431.
PubMed 10716014Stueve A, O'Donnell LN, Duran R, San Doval A, Blome J. Time-space sampling in minority communities: results with young Latino men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2001 Jun;91(6):922-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.91.6.922.
PubMed 11392935
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Sep 2012. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Prevention of HIV Infection in Youth at Risk: Developing Community-Level Intervention Strategies That Work (Community Intervention Trial for Youth (CITY) Study)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00164580
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CDC-NCHSTP-1733
- Conditions
- HIV Infections
- Keywords
- Homosexuality, Male, Adolescents, Minority Groups, Community Participation, Community Surveys, HIV Seronegativity, HIV
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 12,000 participants
- Lead sponsor
- Centers for Disease Control and PreventionUS federal agency
- Study start
- Oct 1996
- Primary completion
- Aug 2002 (actual)
- Study completion
- Aug 2004 (actual)
- First posted
- 14 Sep 2005 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to test whether a multi-component, community-level, HIV-prevention intervention is more effective than existing HIV prevention activities in reducing unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among men ages 15-25 who have sex with men.
Detailed description
In recent years, there have been increases in the rates of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) reported by men who have sex with men (MSM) and in the numbers of newly diagnosed HIV infections among MSM. Surveys of young MSM (ages 15-29) in numerous U.S. cities from 1994-2000 found an HIV prevalence of 2.2% to 18%, however, HIV prevalence was higher among young MSM of color than among white men. In a survey of 23-29 year-old MSM,nearly 1/3 of African-American men and 15% of Hispanic/Latino men were infected with HIV.
The Community Intervention Trial for Youth (CITY) study is a 13-community randomized control trial designed to evaluate a multi-component, community-level intervention for MSM ages 15-25 (i.e., young MSM or YMSM). All 13 communities have some form of HIV-prevention activities naturally occurring in their jurisdiction, but 6 of the 13 communities were randomly assigned to also receive the multi-component intervention (1 additional city served as a case study and also received the intervention). This intervention includes 4 components: 1) community health advisor network (CHAN) consisting of YMSM who conduct outreach to their peers, including linking other YMSM to community services and conducting other parts of the intervention; 2) social marketing, to include the use media to disseminate HIV risk-reduction messages and promote positive norms for safer sex; 3) large group events with an HIV prevention theme; and 4) small group activities/workshops that focus on increasing HIV prevention skills and enhancing a positive self-identity.
The study population varies by site based on the specific racial or ethnic groups of YMSM that are targeted. African-American YMSM are the study population in Atlanta, Georgia (comparison site); Birmingham, Alabama (intervention site); and Chicago, Illinois (intervention site). Hispanic/Latino YMSM are the study population in Washington Heights/South Bronx, New York (intervention site); Jackson Heights/Queens, New York (comparison site); Orange County, California (intervention site); and San Gabriel Valley, California (comparison site). Asian and Pacific Islander YMSM are the study population in Seattle, Washington (intervention site) and San Diego, California (comparison site). YMSM regardless or race/ethnicity are the study population in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (intervention site); Detroit, Michigan (comparison site), Minneapolis, Minnesota (comparison site); and West Hollywood, California (intervention site).
The primary goals of the intervention are to 1) decrease UAI with any male partners; 2) decrease UAI with main male partners; and 3) decrease UAI with non-main (i.e., casual) male partners. Using a venue-based, time/space sampling strategy in each community, cross-sectional samples of YMSM were interviewed from May-August across 4 years (1999-2002). Data collected in 1999 and 2000 were prior to the implementation of the multi-component intervention, and data collected in 2001 and 2002 were during the implementation of the intervention.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 15 to 25 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- 15-25 years of age
- reports having sexual contact with another man in the past year
- meets the race/ethnicity eligibility criteria for the particular community
Key exclusion criteria (0 listed)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Community-Level Intervention | Behavioural | – |
Primary outcome
1) unprotected anal intercourse with a male partner in the past 3 months
2) unprotected anal intercourse at last sex with a main male partner (among participants with a male sex partner in the past 3 months and in the past year)
3) unprotected anal intercourse at last sex with the most recent non-main male partner (among participants with a male sex partner in the past 3 months and in the past year)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Sep 2012.
- Background: PubMed 15187480Agronick G, O'Donnell L, Stueve A, Doval AS, Duran R, Vargo S. Sexual behaviors and risks among bisexually- and gay-identified young Latino men. AIDS Behav. 2004 Jun;8(2):185-97. doi: 10.1023/B:AIBE.0000030249.11679.d0.
- Background: PubMed 9642428Choi KH, Yep GA, Kumekawa E. HIV prevention among Asian and Pacific Islander American men who have sex with men: a critical review of theoretical models and directions for future research. AIDS Educ Prev. 1998 Jun;10(3 Suppl):19-30.
- BackgroundChoi KH, Kumekawa E, Dang Q, Kegeles SM, Hays RB, Stall R. Risk and protective factors affecting sexual behavior among young Asian and Pacific Islander men who have sex with men: Implications for HIV prevention. Journal of Sex Education and Therapy, 24(1&2): 47-55, 1999.
- Background: PubMed 12512848Choi KH, Han CS, Hudes ES, Kegeles S. Unprotected sex and associated risk factors among young Asian and Pacific Islander men who have sex with men. AIDS Educ Prev. 2002 Dec;14(6):472-81. doi: 10.1521/aeap.14.8.472.24114.
- Background: PubMed 16080456Guenther-Grey CA, Varnell S, Weiser JI, Mathy RM, O'Donnell L, Stueve A, Remafedi G; Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. Trends in sexual risk-taking among urban young men who have sex with men, 1999-2002. J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Jul;97(7 Suppl):38S-43S.
- Background: PubMed 15226130Hart T, Peterson JL; Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. Predictors of risky sexual behavior among young African American men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2004 Jul;94(7):1122-4. doi: 10.2105/ajph.94.7.1122.
- BackgroundMashburn AJ, Peterson JL, Bakeman R, Miller RL, Clark LF, and the Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. Influences on HIV testing among young African-American men who have sex with men and the moderating effect of the geographic setting. Journal of Community Psychology 32(1): 45-60, 2004.
- Background: PubMed 14582599Miller RL, Bedney BJ, Guenther-Grey C; CITY Project Study Team. Assessing organizational capacity to deliver HIV prevention services collaboratively: tales from the field. Health Educ Behav. 2003 Oct;30(5):582-600. doi: 10.1177/1090198103255327.
- Background: PubMed 11889287Muhib FB, Lin LS, Stueve A, Miller RL, Ford WL, Johnson WD, Smith PJ; Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. A venue-based method for sampling hard-to-reach populations. Public Health Rep. 2001;116 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):216-22. doi: 10.1093/phr/116.S1.216.
- Background: PubMed 12512847O'Donnell L, Agronick G, San Doval A, Duran R, Myint-U A, Stueve A. Ethnic and gay community attachments and sexual risk behaviors among urban Latino young men who have sex with men. AIDS Educ Prev. 2002 Dec;14(6):457-71. doi: 10.1521/aeap.14.8.457.24109.
- BackgroundPeterson JL, Bakeman R, Stokes J, and the Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. Racial/ethnic patterns of HIV sexual risk behaviors among young men who have sex with men. Journal of the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association 5(4): 155-162, 2001.
- Background: PubMed 12359375Remafedi G. Suicidality in a venue-based sample of young men who have sex with men. J Adolesc Health. 2002 Oct;31(4):305-10. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00405-6.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Carolyn A Guenther-Grey, M.A. principal investigator
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
8 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2/3 study testing Community-Level Intervention in people with HIV Infections, run by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at 8 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 0 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Sep 2012. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 8 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this combined phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
1) unprotected anal intercourse with a male partner in the past 3 months. The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00164580, which also lists 16 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Sep 2012.