HIV InfectionPhase 3NCT00194519
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Suppression to Prevent HIV Transmission
A Phase 3 study testing Generic acyclovir in people with HIV Infection and Herpes Simplex, Genital, run by University of Washington at 13 sites in 7 countries.
Trial summary
The University of Washington has received funding to conduct a proof-of-concept trial to assess the impact of suppression of genital herpes on HIV infectiousness. This study (the Partners in Prevention Study) will enroll HIV discordant heterosexual couples in which the HIV-infected partner is co-infected with herpes… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- HIV Infection, Herpes Simplex, Genital, Sexually Transmitted Diseases
- What is being tested?
- Generic acyclovir
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 3,408 participants
- Where
- 13 sitesin 7 countries
- Study dates
- Nov 2004to Mar 2010
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Potential index (HIV-infected) participants must meet the following criteria (by self-report, unless otherwise indicated) in order to be eligible for inclusion in the study:
- Of legal age to provide independent informed consent for research per local regulations and guidelines.
- Able and willing to provide written informed consent to be screened for and to take part in the study. (Note: Index participants who are not willing to provide genital tract specimens for HIV viral load quantitation, but are willing to undergo all other study procedures, will be considered eligible for inclusion in the study.)
- Part of a heterosexual couple in which one partner meets the study eligibility criteria for index participants and the other partner meets the study eligibility criteria for partner participants. Couples are defined as partners who are sexually active and plan to remain in the relationship for at least one year. Each site will develop appropriate criteria for determining whether a couple is likely to remain in the relationship (i.e., married, duration of partnership, cohabitation, have children).
- Has had vaginal intercourse with the partner participant at least three times in the last three months.
- Plans to maintain his/her relationship with the partner participant for the next 24 months.
Show all 19Show fewer
- HIV-infected based on positive EIA.
- HSV-2-seropositive based on the Focus HSV-2 EIA (performed by study staff) with an index ratio of at least 3.5 or if Focus EIA IN 1.1-3.4, confirmed by HSV-2 WB dot-blot performed at the UW.
- CD4 cell count (performed by study staff) of at least 250 cells/mm3.
- No history of any clinical AIDS-defining diagnoses.
- Able and willing to provide adequate locator information for study retention purposes, as defined by local standard operating procedures.
- Potential partner (HIV-uninfected at enrollment) participants must meet the following criteria (by self-report, unless otherwise indicated) in order to be eligible for inclusion in the study:
- Of legal age to provide independent informed consent for research per local regulations and guidelines.
- Able and willing to provide written informed consent to be screened for and to take part in the study.
- Part of a heterosexual couple in which one partner meets the study eligibility criteria for index participants and the other partner meets the study eligibility criteria for partner participants.
- Has had vaginal intercourse with the study partner at least three times in the last three months.
- Plans to maintain his/her relationship with the index participant for the next 24 months.
- HIV-uninfected based on negative HIV EIA tests.
- Able and willing to provide adequate locator information for study retention purposes, as defined by local standard operating procedures.
Who cannot join
- Potential index (HIV-infected) participants who meet any of the following criteria (by self-report, unless otherwise indicated) will be excluded from the study:
- Current use of combination antiretroviral therapy
- Known history of adverse reaction to acyclovir.
- Known history of persistent genital ulcers unresponsive to episodic acyclovir therapy.
- Known plans to re-locate or travel away from the study site for more than two consecutive months during the next 24 months.
- Pregnant, based on participant self-report or urine testing performed by study staff. (Note: Self-reported pregnancy is adequate for exclusion from the study. A documented negative test performed by study staff is required for inclusion.)
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- Potential partner participants who meet any of the following criteria (by self-report, unless otherwise indicated) will be excluded from the study:
- Has had sexual intercourse with a partner other than the index participant in the last two months.
- Known plans to re-locate or travel away from the study site for more than two consecutive months during the next 24 months.
Trial locations and contacts
13 sites in 7 countries.
13 sites in 7 countries
Kenya4 sites
Moi University - Indiana University
Eldoret
Kemri - Ucsf
Kisumu
University of Nairobi
Nairobi
Partners Study Thika Site
Thika
South Africa3 sites
University of Cape Town
Cape Town
Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of Witswatersrand
Johannesburg
Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit
Johannesburg
Zambia2 sites
Zambia-Emory HIV Research Project
Lusaka
Zambia-Emory HIV Research Project
Ndola/Kitwe
Tanzania1 site
Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College-Harvard University
Moshi
About this study
Official title: Phase III Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of HSV-2 Suppression to Prevent HIV Transmission Among HIV-Discordant Couples
The University of Washington has received funding to conduct a proof-of-concept trial to assess the impact of suppression of genital herpes on HIV infectiousness. This study (the Partners in Prevention Study) will enroll HIV discordant heterosexual couples in which the HIV-infected partner is co-infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) to test the efficacy of twice daily (bid) acyclovir (400 mg) given to the HIV-infected partner to prevent transmission to his/her HIV negative partner(s). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept trial will provide evidence for the efficacy of HSV-2 suppression with daily acyclovir on HIV transmission among HIV-discordant couples among whom the HIV-positive partner is also HSV-2 seropositive with CD4 >250. The researchers hypothesis is that, by decreasing the frequency and amount of genital HIV shedding, standard doses of daily acyclovir 400 mg bid will reduce the rate of HIV transmission by 50% in HIV-discordant couples among whom the HIV-infected partner is HSV-2 positive.
Under the study protocol version 4.1.1, 3000 HIV-discordant heterosexual couples in which the HIV-positive partner is HSV-2 positive and has a CD4 count >250 will be recruited; participants will be followed for up to 2 years. A 4% per year HIV incidence in the placebo arm is assumed.
The first study site began enrolling participants on 17 November 2005. As of September 2006, 14 sites in Eastern and Southern Africa had participated in recruiting the 2300 HIV-discordant couples enrolled to date.
Read the detailed description
Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) is the primary cause of genital ulcers and one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Consistently, over 30 studies have found HSV-2 infection to be a risk factor for HIV acquisition with an overall relative risk of 2.1 in the studies that demonstrated HSV-2 preceded HIV infection. A recent study of HIV-discordant couples from Rakai, Uganda, has shown that at all levels of HIV viral load in the HIV-positive partner, HSV-2 infection in the susceptible partner increased the per-contact risk of acquisition of HIV five-fold, and GUD in the HIV-source partner increased the per-contact risk of HIV transmission five-fold. As strong as these epidemiological data are, an intervention trial is required to define the clinical and public health significance of these findings.
This trial will directly answer the extent to which HSV-2 infection increases infectiousness of HIV/HSV-2 co-infected persons and the relative reduction in HIV transmission among HSV-2 seropositive persons treated with daily suppressive antiviral therapy. Acyclovir has an acceptable safety profile for widespread STD treatment and is inexpensive, well-tolerated, and episodic and long-term suppressive therapy has not been associated with increased acyclovir resistance. Given high HSV-2 seroprevalence in HIV-infected persons (70-80%) and high HIV incidence in populations with high prevalence of HSV-2 infection worldwide, this approach could have great public health importance by providing a safe, acceptable, and cost-effective method to reduce HIV transmission among HIV-infected persons who are also HSV-2 seropositive.
Sites that have enrolled couples in this study include: Johannesburg (2 sites) and Cape Town, South Africa; Gaborone, Botswana; Kitwe/Ndola and Lusaka, Zambia; Nairobi, Kisumu, Eldoret and Thika, Kenya; Moshi, Tanzania; Kampala, Uganda; and Kigali, Rwanda.
- Being tested
- Generic acyclovir, Placebo
- Keywords
- HIV infection, HIV transmission, genital herpes, sexual intercourse, sexual transmitted infection, acyclovir, HIV Seronegativity, Treatment Naive, HIV-discordant couples, HIV serodiagnosis
- Medical subject headings
- HIV Infections, Herpes Genitalis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Coitus
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Generic acyclovirDrug
400 mg twice-daily oral
PlaceboDrug
twice-daily oral
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Acyclovir | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Drug: Generic acyclovir |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Not described Receives: Drug: Placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Sequence-verified HIV-transmission from index to partner participant
Measured: March 2009
Secondary outcomes (6)
Measure effect of viral load, gender and other factors on HIV transmission
Measured: March 2009
Assess adherence to acyclovir suppressive therapy
Measured: March 2009
Assess effect of twice daily acyclovir on the frequency of genital ulcers
Measured: March 2009
Assess effect of twice daily acyclovir on plasma HIV viral load
Measured: March 2009
Assess effects of twice daily acyclovir on the sexual behaviors
Measured: March 2009
Assess host immunologic and virologic determinants of HIV transmission
Measured: March 2009
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Sep 2005 (estimated)
- Study startNov 2004
- Primary completionNov 2009
- Study completionMar 2010
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HIV InfectionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of WashingtonThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 3,408 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Washington
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Connie Celum, University of Washington
- Investigators
- Connie Celum, MD, MPH, Principal investigator, University of WashingtonJairam Lingappa, MD, PhD,, Study director, University of WashingtonAnna Wald, MD, MPH, Study chair, University of Washington
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00194519
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STUDY00000867
- Other IDs
- Gates Foundation Grant #26469
- Status last verified
- Oct 2018
- First submitted
- 13 Sep 2005
- Last updated
- 12 Oct 2018
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Mackelprang RD, Bamshad MJ, Chong JX, Hou X, Buckingham KJ, Shively K, deBruyn G, Mugo NR, Mullins JI, McElrath MJ, Baeten JM, Celum C, Emond MJ, Lingappa JR; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study and the Partners PrEP Study Teams. Whole genome sequencing of extreme phenotypes identifies variants in CD101 and UBE2V1 associated with increased risk of sexually acquired HIV-1. PLoS Pathog. 2017 Nov 6;13(11):e1006703. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006703. eCollection 2017 Nov.
PubMed 29108000de Bruyn G, Magaret A, Baeten JM, Lingappa JR, Ndase P, Celum C, Wald A; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Mortality in members of HIV-1 serodiscordant couples in Africa and implications for antiretroviral therapy initiation: results of analyses from a multicenter randomized trial. BMC Infect Dis. 2012 Oct 30;12:277. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-277.
PubMed 23130818Lingappa JR, Thomas KK, Hughes JP, Baeten JM, Wald A, Farquhar C, de Bruyn G, Fife KH, Campbell MS, Kapiga S, Mullins JI, Celum C; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Partner characteristics predicting HIV-1 set point in sexually acquired HIV-1 among African seroconverters. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2013 Jan;29(1):164-71. doi: 10.1089/AID.2012.0206.
PubMed 23061422Cohen CR, Lingappa JR, Baeten JM, Ngayo MO, Spiegel CA, Hong T, Donnell D, Celum C, Kapiga S, Delany S, Bukusi EA. Bacterial vaginosis associated with increased risk of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort analysis among African couples. PLoS Med. 2012;9(6):e1001251. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001251. Epub 2012 Jun 26.
PubMed 22745608Mujugira A, Magaret AS, Baeten JM, Celum C, Lingappa J. Risk Factors for HSV-2 Infection among Sexual Partners of HSV-2/HIV-1 Co-Infected Persons. BMC Res Notes. 2011 Mar 15;4:64. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-64.
PubMed 21406077Campbell MS, Mullins JI, Hughes JP, Celum C, Wong KG, Raugi DN, Sorensen S, Stoddard JN, Zhao H, Deng W, Kahle E, Panteleeff D, Baeten JM, McCutchan FE, Albert J, Leitner T, Wald A, Corey L, Lingappa JR; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Viral linkage in HIV-1 seroconverters and their partners in an HIV-1 prevention clinical trial. PLoS One. 2011 Mar 2;6(3):e16986. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016986.
PubMed 21399681Lingappa JR, Baeten JM, Wald A, Hughes JP, Thomas KK, Mujugira A, Mugo N, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Katabira E, Ronald A, Kiarie J, Farquhar C, Stewart GJ, Makhema J, Essex M, Were E, Fife KH, de Bruyn G, Gray GE, McIntyre JA, Manongi R, Kapiga S, Coetzee D, Allen S, Inambao M, Kayitenkore K, Karita E, Kanweka W, Delany S, Rees H, Vwalika B, Magaret AS, Wang RS, Kidoguchi L, Barnes L, Ridzon R, Corey L, Celum C; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Daily acyclovir for HIV-1 disease progression in people dually infected with HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2010 Mar 6;375(9717):824-33. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)62038-9. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
PubMed 20153888Celum C, Wald A, Lingappa JR, Magaret AS, Wang RS, Mugo N, Mujugira A, Baeten JM, Mullins JI, Hughes JP, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Katabira E, Ronald A, Kiarie J, Farquhar C, Stewart GJ, Makhema J, Essex M, Were E, Fife KH, de Bruyn G, Gray GE, McIntyre JA, Manongi R, Kapiga S, Coetzee D, Allen S, Inambao M, Kayitenkore K, Karita E, Kanweka W, Delany S, Rees H, Vwalika B, Stevens W, Campbell MS, Thomas KK, Coombs RW, Morrow R, Whittington WL, McElrath MJ, Barnes L, Ridzon R, Corey L; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Acyclovir and transmission of HIV-1 from persons infected with HIV-1 and HSV-2. N Engl J Med. 2010 Feb 4;362(5):427-39. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0904849. Epub 2010 Jan 20.
PubMed 20089951Baeten JM, Donnell D, Kapiga SH, Ronald A, John-Stewart G, Inambao M, Manongi R, Vwalika B, Celum C; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Male circumcision and risk of male-to-female HIV-1 transmission: a multinational prospective study in African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. AIDS. 2010 Mar 13;24(5):737-44. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833616e0.
PubMed 20042848Guthrie BL, Kiarie JN, Morrison S, John-Stewart GC, Kinuthia J, Whittington WL, Farquhar C. Sexually transmitted infections among HIV-1-discordant couples. PLoS One. 2009 Dec 14;4(12):e8276. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008276.
PubMed 20011596Lingappa JR, Kahle E, Mugo N, Mujugira A, Magaret A, Baeten J, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Katabira E, Ronald A, Kiarie J, Farquhar C, Stewart GJ, Makhema J, Essex M, Were E, Fife K, Debruyn G, Gray G, McIntyre J, Manongi R, Kapiga S, Coetzee D, Allen S, Inambao M, Kayitenkore K, Karita E, Kanweka W, Delany S, Rees H, Vwalika B, Coombs RW, Morrow R, Whittington W, Corey L, Wald A, Celum C; Partners HSV-2/HIV-1 Transmission Study Team. Characteristics of HIV-1 discordant couples enrolled in a trial of HSV-2 suppression to reduce HIV-1 transmission: the partners study. PLoS One. 2009;4(4):e5272. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005272. Epub 2009 Apr 30.
PubMed 19404392
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 12 Oct 2018. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Phase III Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of HSV-2 Suppression to Prevent HIV Transmission Among HIV-Discordant Couples
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00194519
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STUDY00000867
- Keywords
- HIV infection, HIV transmission, genital herpes, sexual intercourse, sexual transmitted infection, acyclovir, HIV Seronegativity, Treatment Naive
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 3,408 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of WashingtonUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Study start
- Nov 2004
- Primary completion
- Nov 2009 (actual)
- Study completion
- Mar 2010 (actual)
- First posted
- 19 Sep 2005 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The University of Washington has received funding to conduct a proof-of-concept trial to assess the impact of suppression of genital herpes on HIV infectiousness. This study (the Partners in Prevention Study) will enroll HIV discordant heterosexual couples in which the HIV-infected partner is co-infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) to test the efficacy of twice daily (bid) acyclovir (400 mg) given to the HIV-infected partner to prevent transmission to his/her HIV negative partner(s). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept trial will provide evidence for the efficacy of HSV-2 suppression with daily acyclovir on HIV transmission among HIV-discordant couples among whom the HIV-positive partner is also HSV-2 seropositive with CD4 >250. The researchers hypothesis is that, by decreasing the frequency and amount of genital HIV shedding, standard doses of daily acyclovir 400 mg bid will reduce the rate of HIV transmission by 50% in HIV-discordant couples among whom the HIV-infected partner is HSV-2 positive.
Under the study protocol version 4.1.1, 3000 HIV-discordant heterosexual couples in which the HIV-positive partner is HSV-2 positive and has a CD4 count >250 will be recruited; participants will be followed for up to 2 years. A 4% per year HIV incidence in the placebo arm is assumed.
The first study site began enrolling participants on 17 November 2005. As of September 2006, 14 sites in Eastern and Southern Africa had participated in recruiting the 2300 HIV-discordant couples enrolled to date.
Detailed description
Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) is the primary cause of genital ulcers and one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Consistently, over 30 studies have found HSV-2 infection to be a risk factor for HIV acquisition with an overall relative risk of 2.1 in the studies that demonstrated HSV-2 preceded HIV infection. A recent study of HIV-discordant couples from Rakai, Uganda, has shown that at all levels of HIV viral load in the HIV-positive partner, HSV-2 infection in the susceptible partner increased the per-contact risk of acquisition of HIV five-fold, and GUD in the HIV-source partner increased the per-contact risk of HIV transmission five-fold. As strong as these epidemiological data are, an intervention trial is required to define the clinical and public health significance of these findings.
This trial will directly answer the extent to which HSV-2 infection increases infectiousness of HIV/HSV-2 co-infected persons and the relative reduction in HIV transmission among HSV-2 seropositive persons treated with daily suppressive antiviral therapy. Acyclovir has an acceptable safety profile for widespread STD treatment and is inexpensive, well-tolerated, and episodic and long-term suppressive therapy has not been associated with increased acyclovir resistance. Given high HSV-2 seroprevalence in HIV-infected persons (70-80%) and high HIV incidence in populations with high prevalence of HSV-2 infection worldwide, this approach could have great public health importance by providing a safe, acceptable, and cost-effective method to reduce HIV transmission among HIV-infected persons who are also HSV-2 seropositive.
Sites that have enrolled couples in this study include: Johannesburg (2 sites) and Cape Town, South Africa; Gaborone, Botswana; Kitwe/Ndola and Lusaka, Zambia; Nairobi, Kisumu, Eldoret and Thika, Kenya; Moshi, Tanzania; Kampala, Uganda; and Kigali, Rwanda.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Acyclovir | Active comparator | Drug: Generic acyclovir |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: Placebo |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (19 listed)
- Potential index (HIV-infected) participants must meet the following criteria (by self-report, unless otherwise indicated) in order to be eligible for inclusion in the study:
- Of legal age to provide independent informed consent for research per local regulations and guidelines.
- Able and willing to provide written informed consent to be screened for and to take part in the study. (Note: Index participants who are not willing to provide genital tract specimens for HIV viral load quantitation, but are willing to undergo all other study procedures, will be considered eligible for inclusion in the study.)
- Part of a heterosexual couple in which one partner meets the study eligibility criteria for index participants and the other partner meets the study eligibility criteria for partner participants. Couples are defined as partners who are sexually active and plan to remain in the relationship for at least one year. Each site will develop appropriate criteria for determining whether a couple is likely to remain in the relationship (i.e., married, duration of partnership, cohabitation, have children).
- Has had vaginal intercourse with the partner participant at least three times in the last three months.
Key exclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Potential index (HIV-infected) participants who meet any of the following criteria (by self-report, unless otherwise indicated) will be excluded from the study:
- Current use of combination antiretroviral therapy
- Known history of adverse reaction to acyclovir.
- Known history of persistent genital ulcers unresponsive to episodic acyclovir therapy.
- Known plans to re-locate or travel away from the study site for more than two consecutive months during the next 24 months.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Generic acyclovir400 mg twice-daily oral | Drug | Acyclovir |
| Placebotwice-daily oral | Drug | Placebo |
Primary outcome
Sequence-verified HIV-transmission from index to partner participant
Time frame: March 2009
6 secondary outcomes
Measure effect of viral load, gender and other factors on HIV transmission
Time frame: March 2009
Assess adherence to acyclovir suppressive therapy
Time frame: March 2009
Assess effect of twice daily acyclovir on the frequency of genital ulcers
Time frame: March 2009
Assess effect of twice daily acyclovir on plasma HIV viral load
Time frame: March 2009
Assess effects of twice daily acyclovir on the sexual behaviors
Time frame: March 2009
Assess host immunologic and virologic determinants of HIV transmission
Time frame: March 2009
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 12 Oct 2018.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 29108000Mackelprang RD, Bamshad MJ, Chong JX, Hou X, Buckingham KJ, Shively K, deBruyn G, Mugo NR, Mullins JI, McElrath MJ, Baeten JM, Celum C, Emond MJ, Lingappa JR; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study and the Partners PrEP Study Teams. Whole genome sequencing of extreme phenotypes identifies variants in CD101 and UBE2V1 associated with increased risk of sexually acquired HIV-1. PLoS Pathog. 2017 Nov 6;13(11):e1006703. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006703. eCollection 2017 Nov.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 23130818de Bruyn G, Magaret A, Baeten JM, Lingappa JR, Ndase P, Celum C, Wald A; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Mortality in members of HIV-1 serodiscordant couples in Africa and implications for antiretroviral therapy initiation: results of analyses from a multicenter randomized trial. BMC Infect Dis. 2012 Oct 30;12:277. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-277.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 23061422Lingappa JR, Thomas KK, Hughes JP, Baeten JM, Wald A, Farquhar C, de Bruyn G, Fife KH, Campbell MS, Kapiga S, Mullins JI, Celum C; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Partner characteristics predicting HIV-1 set point in sexually acquired HIV-1 among African seroconverters. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2013 Jan;29(1):164-71. doi: 10.1089/AID.2012.0206.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 22745608Cohen CR, Lingappa JR, Baeten JM, Ngayo MO, Spiegel CA, Hong T, Donnell D, Celum C, Kapiga S, Delany S, Bukusi EA. Bacterial vaginosis associated with increased risk of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort analysis among African couples. PLoS Med. 2012;9(6):e1001251. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001251. Epub 2012 Jun 26.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 21406077Mujugira A, Magaret AS, Baeten JM, Celum C, Lingappa J. Risk Factors for HSV-2 Infection among Sexual Partners of HSV-2/HIV-1 Co-Infected Persons. BMC Res Notes. 2011 Mar 15;4:64. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-64.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 21399681Campbell MS, Mullins JI, Hughes JP, Celum C, Wong KG, Raugi DN, Sorensen S, Stoddard JN, Zhao H, Deng W, Kahle E, Panteleeff D, Baeten JM, McCutchan FE, Albert J, Leitner T, Wald A, Corey L, Lingappa JR; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Viral linkage in HIV-1 seroconverters and their partners in an HIV-1 prevention clinical trial. PLoS One. 2011 Mar 2;6(3):e16986. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016986.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 20153888Lingappa JR, Baeten JM, Wald A, Hughes JP, Thomas KK, Mujugira A, Mugo N, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Katabira E, Ronald A, Kiarie J, Farquhar C, Stewart GJ, Makhema J, Essex M, Were E, Fife KH, de Bruyn G, Gray GE, McIntyre JA, Manongi R, Kapiga S, Coetzee D, Allen S, Inambao M, Kayitenkore K, Karita E, Kanweka W, Delany S, Rees H, Vwalika B, Magaret AS, Wang RS, Kidoguchi L, Barnes L, Ridzon R, Corey L, Celum C; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Daily acyclovir for HIV-1 disease progression in people dually infected with HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2010 Mar 6;375(9717):824-33. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)62038-9. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 20089951Celum C, Wald A, Lingappa JR, Magaret AS, Wang RS, Mugo N, Mujugira A, Baeten JM, Mullins JI, Hughes JP, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Katabira E, Ronald A, Kiarie J, Farquhar C, Stewart GJ, Makhema J, Essex M, Were E, Fife KH, de Bruyn G, Gray GE, McIntyre JA, Manongi R, Kapiga S, Coetzee D, Allen S, Inambao M, Kayitenkore K, Karita E, Kanweka W, Delany S, Rees H, Vwalika B, Stevens W, Campbell MS, Thomas KK, Coombs RW, Morrow R, Whittington WL, McElrath MJ, Barnes L, Ridzon R, Corey L; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Acyclovir and transmission of HIV-1 from persons infected with HIV-1 and HSV-2. N Engl J Med. 2010 Feb 4;362(5):427-39. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0904849. Epub 2010 Jan 20.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 20042848Baeten JM, Donnell D, Kapiga SH, Ronald A, John-Stewart G, Inambao M, Manongi R, Vwalika B, Celum C; Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team. Male circumcision and risk of male-to-female HIV-1 transmission: a multinational prospective study in African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. AIDS. 2010 Mar 13;24(5):737-44. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833616e0.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 20011596Guthrie BL, Kiarie JN, Morrison S, John-Stewart GC, Kinuthia J, Whittington WL, Farquhar C. Sexually transmitted infections among HIV-1-discordant couples. PLoS One. 2009 Dec 14;4(12):e8276. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008276.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 19404392Lingappa JR, Kahle E, Mugo N, Mujugira A, Magaret A, Baeten J, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Katabira E, Ronald A, Kiarie J, Farquhar C, Stewart GJ, Makhema J, Essex M, Were E, Fife K, Debruyn G, Gray G, McIntyre J, Manongi R, Kapiga S, Coetzee D, Allen S, Inambao M, Kayitenkore K, Karita E, Kanweka W, Delany S, Rees H, Vwalika B, Coombs RW, Morrow R, Whittington W, Corey L, Wald A, Celum C; Partners HSV-2/HIV-1 Transmission Study Team. Characteristics of HIV-1 discordant couples enrolled in a trial of HSV-2 suppression to reduce HIV-1 transmission: the partners study. PLoS One. 2009;4(4):e5272. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005272. Epub 2009 Apr 30.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Connie Celum, MD, MPH principal investigator
University of Washington
Jairam Lingappa, MD, PhD, study director
University of Washington
Anna Wald, MD, MPH study chair
University of Washington
13 sites in 7 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing Generic acyclovir in people with HIV Infection and Herpes Simplex, Genital, run by University of Washington at 13 sites in 7 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 19 inclusion and 9 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 12 Oct 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 13 sites in Kenya, South Africa, Zambia, Botswana, Rwanda and 2 more countries. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Sequence-verified HIV-transmission from index to partner participant (time frame: March 2009). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00194519, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 12 Oct 2018.