AzTrials
AzTrials

AIDS-Related-Primary Central Nervous System LymphomaPhase 2NCT00267865

Chemotherapy and HAART to Treat AIDS-related Primary Brain Lymphoma

A Phase 2 study testing Methotrexate, Rituximab and Leucovorin in people with AIDS-Related-Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma, run by National Cancer Institute (NCI) at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
Search all trials

Trial summary

This study will investigate the use of chemotherapy plus highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related primary brain lymphoma. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 99 years
What is being tested?
Methotrexate, Rituximab and Leucovorin
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
12 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
14 Sep 2006to 19 Sep 2019
Phase
Phase 2
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 99 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology (previous records acceptable)
  • Diagnosis of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
  • Confirmed histopathologic diagnosis by National Cancer Institute (NCI) Laboratory of Pathology
  • If tissue diagnosis is not feasible for any reason, such as undue risk to the patient to acquire tissue diagnosis, the following will be accepted as confirmed Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related primary central nervous system lymphoma (AR-PCNSL) diagnosis:
  • Positive brain fluro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and
  • Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Show all 11Show fewer
  • Age 18 years or greater
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance less than or equal to 0-4
  • Ability to understand and willing to provide informed consent
  • If patient unable to understand informed consent, a previously designated durable power of attorney for healthcare or an individual with legal authority may substitute in this capacity
  • Assignment of a durable power of attorney for healthcare if not already done

Who cannot join

  • Prior therapy for central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma
  • Steroids not an exclusion
  • Evidence of lymphoma outside of the central nervous system
  • Ocular involvement will not exclude
  • Multidrug resistant HIV not amenable to long-term suppression based on either or both:
  • Clinical history of poor adherence to multiple antiretroviral drugs deemed sufficient to render effective HIV control unattainable;
Show all 14Show fewer
  • HIV mutational analysis (genotyping and/or phenotyping) that reveals high-level resistance to more than 1 class of anti-HIV drugs such that a combination regimen comprised of agents from at least two drug classes can not be devised to suppress HIV long-term.
  • Refusal to adhere to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
  • Concurrent malignancy other than Kaposi sarcoma, resectable squamous cell or basal cell skin cancer, or T1 anal cancer amenable to surgical resection.
  • Heart failure, Class IV by New York Heart Association criteria
  • Chronic Liver Disease, Child-Pugh class B or C
  • Pregnancy
  • Refusal to practice contraception during chemotherapy.
  • Any condition or set of circumstances that the Principal Investigator or Protocol Chair interprets as creating undue risk to the patient by participating on this study or would make the patient unlikely to comply with the study.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

    Bethesda, Maryland, 20892

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: AIDS-Related Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Phase II Pilot Study of High-Dose Intravenous Methotrexate With Rituximab Leucovorin Rescue and Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

This study will investigate the use of chemotherapy plus highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related primary brain lymphoma. None of the drugs used in this study are experimental, but chemotherapy plus HAART has not been established as a standard treatment in patients with AIDS. The chemotherapy regimen used in this study (see below) was chosen because it may be less toxic to immune cells called T-lymphocytes than most drug treatments for lymphoma.

People with AIDS 18 and older and have primary brain lymphoma may be eligible for this study. Candidates are screened with a medical history and physical examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans, cerebrospinal fluid studies, brain biopsy at tumor sites, if possible, electrocardiogram and blood tests.

Read more

Participants undergo six 2-week "induction treatment" cycles of HAART plus chemotherapy with methotrexate, rituximab and leucovorin, followed by two 4-week "consolidation" treatment cycles using HAART, methotrexate and leucovorin, and then HAART alone. Rituximab is given by intravenous (intravenous (IV), through a vein) day 1 of each cycle. Also on day 1 IV fluids are given to lower acidity in the urine to protect the kidneys from the methotrexate. On day 2, methotrexate is infused through a vein over 4 hours. Starting 24 hours after initiation of the methotrexate infusion, leucovorin is given every 3 to 6 hours (first IV and then possibly by mouth) until the drug decreases to a target level in the blood. HAART is begun as soon as possible. The specific HAART regimen for each patient is determined individually. All patients are hospitalized the first week of every 2-week treatment cycle for safety monitoring. In addition to HAART and chemotherapy, patients undergo the following tests and procedures:

  • Intellectual functioning: Before starting treatment, patients are tested for their ability to understand basic concepts and coordination in order to be able to evaluate how the brain lymphoma affects thinking and concentration. After the lymphoma appears to have resolved, more formal and intensive tests are done. The intensive tests are repeated each year, and shorter, interim tests are done about every 6 months. Also, a specialist periodically monitors patients' understanding of HAART and the importance of this therapy.
  • Blood tests: Blood is drawn every day during hospitalizations to measure methotrexate levels and to evaluate kidney and liver function and blood counts. Blood is also drawn before starting therapy, when the lymphoma disappears, 6 months after completing treatment, and any time it appears that the lymphoma may have recurred to test for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a virus that is almost always present in AIDS-related primary brain lymphoma.
  • Imaging tests: Patients undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans periodically to monitor the effects of treatment on the lymphoma. MRI scans are done after the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th treatments, then every 2 months for three times, every 3 months for six times, every 6 months for four times, and then every year for 5 years, or sooner if there is a concern about the brain. PET scans are done after the first cycle, after the MRI suggests the lymphoma is gone, and then yearly.
  • Lumbar puncture (spinal tap): This test is done to look for EBV in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Under local anesthetic, a needle is inserted in the space between the bones in the lower back where the CSF circulates below the spinal cord and a small amount of fluid is collected through the needle. This test is done at the same times as the blood tests for EBV.
  • Eye examinations: Patients' eyes are examined periodically because brain lymphoma can sometimes spread to the eye and because some people with AIDS-related primary brain lymphoma are at risk of certain eye infections.
Read the detailed description

Background: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related primary central nervous system lymphoma (AR-PCNSL) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven lymphoproliferative process that typically results in death within a few months. Essentially all of the cases are immunoblastic cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20+) tumors, and occur once the cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+) cells have fallen to below 50 cells/mm^3. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can result in immune reconstitution that decreases the risk of AR-PCNSL. However, a subset of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients still develops ARPCNSL, often because they are unaware that they are HIV infected, or they do not take HAART. Treatment options for such patients are limited. In the non-AIDS setting, chemotherapy has become the standard of care for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and late neurocognitive decline consequent to radiotherapy can be avoided by such approaches. In the pre-HAART era, AR-PCNSL was generally treated with whole brain radiotherapy, however death due to recurrent lymphoma or to other AIDS complications occurred prior to the potential manifestations of late occurring radiation-related neurotoxicity. Radiation-sparing approaches have not been studied in AR-PCNSL in the HAART era, where advances in antiretroviral therapy have made curative intent chemotherapy feasible for most patients with HIV infection.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to estimate the fraction of patients with AR-PCNSL receiving experimental treatment consisting of HAART, combined with rituximab, high-dose methotrexate and leucovorin (R-HD-MTX) who are alive and without recurrent lymphoma or severe cognitive problems at two years. .

Eligibility: HIV-infected, age 18 years or older, AR-PCSNL that has not previously been treated, and be able to give informed consent or have a durable power of attorney who can provide informed consent, HIV profile that makes them likely to respond to HAART. There are a number of other specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, in part to exclude patients who would be unlikely to tolerate the therapy.

Design: Phase II pilot study investigating R-HD-MTX given with leucovorin rescue and HAART as a treatment for AR-PCNSL. Evaluation will include quantitative measurement of lymphocyte subsets, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of HIV and EBV viral loads (including both blood and cerebrospinal fluid in the case of EBV) to assess immune response and anti-viral effects. Tumor evaluation with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and brain fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET scans) will be used for staging and response assessment. Longitudinal neuropsychologic testing after complete responses are documented will serve to evaluate neurocognitive parameters post therapy.

a separate cohort for additional secondary endpoints.

Keywords
Human immunodeficiency virus, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, High Dose Methotrexate, Methotrexate, Rituximab, CNS Lymphoma, Central Nervous System Lymphoma, AR-PCNSL, Epstein-Barr virus
Medical subject headings
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • MethotrexateDrug

    Also called Xatmep, Trexall, Otrexup (PF), Rasuvo

    6000 mg/m^2 will be administered by intravenous infusion over 4 hours after confirming that the recipient patients urine pH is within the range greater than or equal to 7 to less than or equal to 8, and urine output is greater than or equal to 100 mL/hour.

  • RituximabDrug

    Also called Rituxan, MabThera

    375 mg/m^2 intravenous (IV) day 1 of each cycle prior to administration of high-dose methotrexate

  • LeucovorinDrug

    Also called Folinic acid, citrovorum factor

    Leucovorin calcium doses will be administered orally or by short intravenous (IV) infusion over 15 minutes

Study groups in NCT00267865
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Rituximab, High-Dose Methotrexate & Leucovorin TreatmentExperimentalInduction treatment cycles with rituximab, high-dose methotrexate and leucovorin will be administered every 2 weeks for 6 cycles. Two additional consolidation cycles of high-dose methotrexate without rituximab will be administered at 4 weeks and 8 weeks following completion of the combined therapy.
Receives: Drug: Methotrexate; Drug: Rituximab; Drug: Leucovorin

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Number of Patients Alive at 2 Years Without Recurrent Brain Lymphoma or Severe Neurocognitive Defects

    Recurrent lymphoma as defined by the International Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) Lymphoma Collaborative Group for response assessment of aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) using fluorodeoxyglucose F 18 (18FDG-PET). Severe cognitive problems are defined as the inability to carry out normal activities with minimal difficulty and not requiring nursing care or hospitalization because of neurological impairment.

    Measured: 2 years

Secondary outcomes (5)
  1. Number of Participants With Serious and Non-serious Adverse Events

    Here is the count of participants with serious and non-serious adverse events assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v3.0). A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. A serious adverse event is an adverse event or suspected adverse reaction that results in death, a life-threatening adverse drug experience, hospitalization, disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, congenital anomaly/birth defect or important medical events that jeopardize the patient or subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the previous outcomes mentioned.

    Measured: Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 142 months and 11 days.

  2. Number of Participants With Response to Treatment After Rituximab, High-Dose Methotrexate (R-HD-MTX) Induction

    Response was assessed by the International Workshop Criteria for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Complete Response is disappearance of all enhancing lesions on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Partial Response is a reduction of enhancing tumor volume by more than 50% for at least 4 weeks. Progressive Disease is an increase of tumor volume of more than 25% or occurrence of new lesions.

    Measured: At the end of 6 cycles or 12 weeks of treatment

  3. Estimated Percentage of Participants Overall Survival

    Participants that are estimated to be alive or last known to be alive after Rituximab, High-Dose Methotrexate and Leucovorin treatment.

    Measured: Time from treatment start date until date of death or date last known alive, approximately 60 months

  4. Median Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) Score in Surviving Participants After Rituximab, High-Dose Methotrexate & Leucovorin ( R-HD-MTX) Treatment

    The MMSE is scored out of a maximum of 30 points. A score of >25 is considered normal, with scores <25 indicating different levels of cognitive impairment: mild (21-24) moderate (10-20), and severe (0-10).

    Measured: up to 2.5 years

  5. Change From Baseline in Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) T Cell Count at up to 2.5 Years

    An increase in CD4 cells is determined by the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes /µL of peripheral blood.

    Measured: Baseline and up to 2.5 years

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted21 Dec 2005 (estimated)
  2. Study start14 Sep 2006
  3. Primary completion18 Sep 2019
  4. Study completion19 Sep 2019

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
12 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT00267865
Sponsor's protocol ID
060051
Other IDs
06-C-0051
Status last verified
May 2020
First submitted
21 Dec 2005
Last updated
1 Jun 2020
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Levine AM. AIDS-related malignancies: the emerging epidemic. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Sep 1;85(17):1382-97. doi: 10.1093/jnci/85.17.1382.

    PubMed 8350362
  • Goplen AK, Dunlop O, Liestol K, Lingjaerde OC, Bruun JN, Maehlen J. The impact of primary central nervous system lymphoma in AIDS patients: a population-based autopsy study from Oslo. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997 Apr 1;14(4):351-4. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199704010-00007.

    PubMed 9111477
  • von Gunten CF, Von Roenn JH. Clinical aspects of human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphoma. Curr Opin Oncol. 1992 Oct;4(5):894-9. doi: 10.1097/00001622-199210000-00012.

    PubMed 1457504
  • Kranick SM, Goncalves PH, Stetler-Stevenson M, Aleman K, Polizzotto MN, Little RF, Yarchoan R, Uldrick TS. Paradoxical central nervous system immune reconstitution syndrome in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related primary central nervous system lymphoma. Haematologica. 2015 Jan;100(1):e21-4. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2014.114736. Epub 2014 Oct 10. No abstract available.

    PubMed 25304612

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2 study testing Methotrexate, Rituximab and Leucovorin in people with AIDS-Related-Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma, run by National Cancer Institute (NCI) at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 11 inclusion and 14 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Jun 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 1 May 2020). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Number of Patients Alive at 2 Years Without Recurrent Brain Lymphoma or Severe Neurocognitive Defects (time frame: 2 years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00267865, which also lists 4 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Jun 2020.

Free account

Log in to keep searching

You’ve used your 3 free searches. AzTrials is free: log in or create a free account to keep searching clinical trials and save the ones you want to follow.

Create a free accountLog in