Relapsing-Remitting Multiple SclerosisPhase 2NCT00288626
High-Dose Immunosuppression and Autologous Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis (HALT MS) Study
A Phase 2 study testing Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and prednisone, Carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM) and Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant in people with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at 4 sites in United States.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a new treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), a serious disease in which the immune system attacks the brain and spinal cord. MS can be progressive and severe and lead to significant disability. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
- What is being tested?
- Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and prednisone, Carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM) and Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 25 participants
- Where
- 4 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- Jul 2006to Nov 2015
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Diagnosis of relapsing-remitting or progressive-relapsing multiple sclerosis for less than 15 years using McDonald Criteria. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol
- Score between 3.0 and 5.5 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)
- T2 abnormalities on brain MRI consistent with MS
- Two or more relapses in 18 months time on interferon (IFN), glatiramer acetate (GA), natalizumab or cytotoxic therapy with EDSS increase of 1.0 or greater for participants with EDSS at screening of 3.0 to 3.5 (0.5 or greater for participants with EDSS at screening of 4.0 to 5.5) sustained at least 4 weeks after at least one of these relapses OR one relapse on IFN, GA, natalizumab or cytotoxic therapy with EDSS increase of 1.5 or greater (1.0 for subjects with EDSS at screening of 5.5) sustained at least 4 weeks, together with MRI changes consistent with poor prognosis. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
- On IFN or GA for at least 6 months before the relapses occur that are counted to satisfy previous inclusion criterion OR have received adequate doses of natalizumab or cytotoxic therapy on a treatment schedule before the relapses occur that are counted to satisfy previous inclusion criterion
- Approval by an MS Review Panel to participate in the study. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol
Show all 10Show fewer
- In good clinical condition with adequate organ function and without coexisting medical problems that would increase the risk to the participant
- Willing to use acceptable methods of contraception
- Willing and able to comply with all study requirements and
- Willing to accept and comprehend irreversible sterility as side effect of therapy.
Who cannot join
- Primary progressive MS
- Secondary progressive MS without relapses (i.e., progression without exacerbations or relapses) for 12 or more months
- Neuromyelitis optica, a disease similar to MS
- Initiation of new immunosuppressant treatment after the participant becomes eligible for the protocol or continuance of immunosuppressant drugs after the participant is screened for the protocol. Treatment with IFN, GA, or corticosteroids is permitted after the participant becomes eligible for the protocol.
- Lapse of greater than 6 months between the time a participant is eligible for the protocol and initiation of protocol treatment except when judged acceptable by the MS Review Panel
- Prior treatment with investigational immunosuppressive agents within 3 months of study eligibility
Show all 17Show fewer
- Positive baseline plasma and CSF testing for JC virus or a brain MRI that has changes consistent with a diagnosis of progressive multifocal encephalopathy (PML)
- History of cytopenia consistent with the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
- Active hepatitis B or C infection, cirrhosis, or HIV infection
- Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
- Uncontrolled viral, fungal, or bacterial infection. Patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria are not excluded
- Any illness that would jeopardize the ability to tolerate aggressive chemotherapy
- Prior history of malignancy, except localized basal cell or squamous skin cancer. Other malignancies for which the subject is judged cured by the administered therapy will be considered on an individual basis.
- Hypersensitivity to mouse, rabbit, or Escherichia coli-derived proteins or to iron compounds/medications
- Metallic objects implanted in the body that would affect MRI exams
- Psychiatric illness, mental deficiency, or cognitive dysfunction or
- Pregnancy.
Trial locations and contacts
4 sites in 1 country.
United States4 sites
Ohio State University School of Medicine
Columbus, Ohio, 43210
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas, 77030
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Transplant site, please contact Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas, 77230-1402
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Seattle, Washington, 98109-1024
About this study
Official title: A Phase II Study of High-Dose Immunosuppressive Therapy Using Carmustine, Etoposide, Cytarabine, Melphalan, Thymoglobulin and Autologous CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for the Treatment of Poor Prognosis Multiple Sclerosis
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a new treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), a serious disease in which the immune system attacks the brain and spinal cord. MS can be progressive and severe and lead to significant disability. The study treatment involves the use of high-dose chemotherapeutic drugs to suppress the immune system. The participant's own (autologous) blood-forming (hematopoietic, CD34+) stem cells are collected before the chemotherapy is given, and then transplanted back into the body following treatment. Transplantation of autologous hematopoietic stem cells is required to prevent very prolonged periods of low blood cell counts after the high-dose chemotherapy.
Read the detailed description
MS is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system in which myelin, the protective coat that surrounds nerve cells, is damaged or destroyed by autoimmune T cells and macrophages, leading to an eventual loss of neurologic function. In a pilot study in Europe using high-dose chemotherapy, it was observed that 18 of 19 MS patients stabilized or improved clinically, and only one patient showed a new lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain at 4.5 years after treatment. Improvement was seen in quality-of-life assessments.
In ITN033AI, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous CD34-selected hematopoietic cell transplantation will be given to confirm the results from the pilot study and to offer therapy to patients with early MS and a poor prognosis. Research studies will be performed in addition to clinical assessments to better understand the effect of the treatment on the activity of MS. High-dose chemotherapy will be used to deplete autoreactive immune cells. These regimens also deplete the bone marrow, the source of blood-forming CD34+ stem cells which causes very low blood counts. Therefore, the participant's autologous CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells will be collected before high dose immunosuppressive therapy is given and then returned as a transplant post-chemotherapy. Patients will be followed closely after the autologous transplantation since they will be at risk for infections after treatment.
At the beginning of the study, participants will undergo a number of screening and baseline procedures, including a physical exam, blood collection, MS-confirming neurology exams and questionnaires, and MRI procedures. Participants will be given prednisone and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood. When the peripheral blood CD34+ cell count reaches 20,000 cells/ml or greater, these cells will be collected by leukapheresis. In this process, a catheter is placed into a large blood vessel, peripheral blood is withdrawn, and a high speed sedimentation (leukapheresis) device is used to separate and retain the cells required for autologous transplantation. Other blood cells are then returned to the participant's body. In the laboratory, the CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell graft will be selected and prepared from the leukapheresis collection, and stored until needed for transplant. Seven or more days following the collection of their autologous graft, participants will be hospitalized and receive high-dose chemotherapy consisting of carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM) and thymoglobulin. This is followed by transplantation of the autologous hematopoietic cell graft. Participants will remain in the hospital for observation during recovery of their peripheral blood cell counts, as described in the protocol. Participants will receive G-CSF and blood transfusions, if needed, and will be monitored for infections. Following discharge from the hospital, eight study visits will occur over sixty months (five years). During these visits, participants will undergo blood and urine collection, MRI studies, leukapheresis, and MS neurology exams and will complete questionnaires.
- Conditions
- Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
- Being tested
- Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and prednisone, Carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM), Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant
- Keywords
- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, HCT- autologous hematopoietic cell transplant, HDIT-high-dose immunosuppressive therapy, BEAM -Carmustine (BCNU), Etoposide (VP-16), Cytarabine (ara-C), and Melphalan
- Medical subject headings
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and prednisoneDrug
Growth factor regimen; occurs at study entry
Carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM)Drug
High-dose chemotherapy; occurs seven or more days following collection of autologous graft
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantProcedure or surgery
Occurs after growth factor regimen and collection of autologous graft
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| MS Treatment | Experimental | Autologous peripheral blood stem cell grafts were CD34+ selected; the participants then received high-dose treatment with carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan as well as rabbit antithymocyte globulin before autologous HCT. Receives: Drug: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and prednisone; Drug: Carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM); Procedure: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Event-Free Survival Probability During the 5 Years After Transplant
Event-free survival (EFS) is survival without death or disease activity from any one of the following criteria: 1) loss of neurological function, defined as a change in pretransplant Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of > 0.5. 2) Relapse, defined as the development of a new neurological sign and corresponding symptom, or worsening of an existing neurological sign and symptom, localized to central nervous system white matter, resulting in neurological deficit/disability, and lasting over 48 hours. 3) New lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), defined as presence of 2 or more independent multiple sclerosis brain lesions detected on MRI 1 year or more after stem cell transplant. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival probability, with 90% confidence interval based on Greenwood's formula for standard error.
Measured: 5 years
Secondary outcomes (19)
Event-Free Survival Probability During the 3 Years After Transplant
Event-free survival (EFS) is survival without death or disease activity from any one of the following criteria: 1) loss of neurological function, defined as a change in pretransplant Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of > 0.5. 2) Relapse, defined as the development of a new neurological sign and corresponding symptom, or worsening of an existing neurological sign and symptom, localized to central nervous system white matter, resulting in neurological deficit/disability, and lasting over 48 hours. 3) New lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), defined as presence of 2 or more independent multiple sclerosis brain lesions detected on MRI 1 year or more after stem cell transplant. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival probability, with 90% confidence interval based on Greenwood's formula for standard error.
Measured: 3 years
Survival From Treatment-Related Mortality
The probability that a participant did not experienced a treatment-related death estimated at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years following transplant via the Kaplan-Meier Method. Greenwood's formula for standard error was used to calculate 90% confidence intervals. Participants that did not experience a treatment-related death were censored at the time of last follow-up. A treatment-related death was defined as death that occurred at any time after study entry and that was possibly, probably, or definitely related to the cellular product or possibly, probably, or definitely related to mobilization of autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitor cells with G-CSF and prednisone or to the high-dose immunosuppressive therapy. There were no treatment-related mortality events in the study.
Measured: From study entry to death, loss to follow-up, or the end of the study, whichever came first, up to 6 years
Overall Survival
The probability that a participant did not experienced a death estimated at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years following transplant via the Kaplan-Meier Method. Greenwood's formula for standard error was used to calculate 90% confidence intervals. Participants that did not die were censored at the time of last follow-up.
Measured: From study entry to death, loss to follow-up, or the end of the study, whichever came first, up to 6 years
Survival From MS-Related Mortality
The probability that a participant did not experienced a MS-related death estimated at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years following transplant via the Kaplan-Meier Method. Greenwood's formula for standard error was used to calculate 90% confidence intervals. Participants that did not experience a MS-related death were censored at the time of last follow-up. A MS-related death was defined as death that occurred at any time after study entry and that was possibly, probably, or definitely related to disease progression.
Measured: From study entry to death, loss to follow-up, or the end of the study, whichever came first, up to 6 years
Percent of Participants Who Experienced All-Cause Morbidity
Morbidity is the occurrence of NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0 adverse event grade 3 or higher.
Measured: From the time of enrollment until completion of the 5-year follow-up, an average of 6 years.
Percent of Participants Who Experienced All-Cause Morbidity Within 12 Months of Post-HCT
Morbidity is the occurrence of NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0 adverse event grade 3 or higher.
Measured: From the time of Autologous CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HCT) to 1 year after HCT.
Time to Neutrophil Engraftment
Neutrophil engraftment, or neutrophil count recovery, is defined as an Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) > 500/ μL for 2 consecutive measurements on different days. Normal range is 1500 to 8000/μL. Reference: http://www.medicinenet.com
Measured: From time of graft infusion to time of engraftment, up to 6 years
Time to Platelet Engraftment
Platelet engraftment, or platelet count recovery, is defined as Platelets > 20,000/μL for two consecutive measurements on different days with no platelet transfusions in the preceding 7 days. Normal range is 150,000-450,000/μL. Reference: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/heart_vascular_institute/clinical_services/centers_excellence/womens_cardiovascular_health_center/patient_information/health_topics/platelets.html.
Measured: From time of graft infusion to time of engraftment, up to 6 years
Event-Free Survival Probability After Transplant
Event-free survival (EFS) is survival without death or disease activity from any one of the following criteria: 1) loss of neurological function, defined as a change in pretransplant Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of > 0.5. 2) Relapse, defined as the development of a new neurological sign and corresponding symptom, or worsening of an existing neurological sign and symptom, localized to central nervous system white matter, resulting in neurological deficit/disability, and lasting over 48 hours. 3) New lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), defined as presence of 2 or more independent multiple sclerosis brain lesions detected on MRI 1 year or more after stem cell transplant. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival probability, with 90% confidence intervals based on Greenwood's formula for standard error.
Measured: 1, 2, and 4 years after HCT
MS Progression-Free Survival Probability After Transplant
MS progression is measured as number of days from transplant to first Kurtzke's Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) increase of more than 0.5 relative to the baseline measurement. EDSS assesses disability in Multiple Sclerosis patients. Eight functional systems are evaluated: visual, brain stem, pyramidal, cerebellar, sensory, bowel and bladder, cerebral, and ambulation. The overall score ranges from 0 (normal neurological exam) to 10 (death due to MS).
Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival probability, with 90% confidence intervals based on Greenwood's formula for standard error.
Measured: 1 to 5 years after HCT
MRI Activity-Free Survival Probability After Transplant
MS disease activity is measured as days from transplant to first occurrence of >= 2 new MS lesions on Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relative to baseline. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival probability, with 90% confidence intervals based on Greenwood's formula for standard error.
Measured: 1 to 5 years after HCT
MS Relapse-Free Survival Probability After Transplant
MS clinical relapse is defined as the development of a new neurological sign and corresponding symptom, or worsening of an existing neurological sign and symptom, localized to central nervous system white matter, resulting in neurological deficit or disability, and lasting over 48 hours. Clinical relapse was determined by the participant's neurologist and was measured as days from transplant to new or worsening neurological symptom relative to baseline.
Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival probability, with 90% confidence interval based on Greenwood's formula for standard error.
Measured: 1 to 5 years after HCT
Disease-Modifying Therapy Survival Probability After Transplant
Treatment with disease-modifying therapy was measured by the number of days from transplant to the first treatment with an additional disease-modifying therapy. Examples of therapy include interferon beta-1a, glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, alemtuzumab, other immunosuppressive medications, or experimental therapies directed against MS activity. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival probability, with 90% confidence interval based on Greenwood's formula for standard error.
Measured: 1 to 5 years after HCT
Change From Baseline in Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS)
Kurtzke's Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) assesses disability in Multiple Sclerosis patients. Eight functional systems are evaluated: visual, brain stem, pyramidal, cerebellar, sensory, bowel and bladder, cerebral, and ambulation. The overall score ranges from 0 (normal neurological exam) to 10 (death due to MS). Change from baseline was computed as the value at the time point minus the baseline value. A negative value in change from baseline indicates an improvement and a positive value indicates worsening. A change of > 0.5 in EDSS was a treatment-failure criterion.
Measured: 6 months to 5 years after HCT
Change From Baseline in Number of Gadolinium-Enhanced Lesions
Multiple sclerosis disease-related lesions were assessed by gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Change from baseline was computed as the value at the time point minus the baseline value. A negative value in change from baseline indicates an improvement and a positive value indicates worsening.
Measured: 8 weeks to 5 years after HCT
Number of New T2-Weighted Lesions From Baseline
A T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was used to determine the number of new T2 lesions in the brain relative to Baseline. A value of 0 means that the participant didn't worsen. Values greater than 0 indicate an increase in disease activity from baseline.
Measured: 6 Months to 5 years after HCT
Change From Baseline in T2-Weighted Lesion Volume
A T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was used to assess the volume of T2 lesions in the brain. Change from baseline was computed as the value at the time point minus the baseline value.
Measured: 8 weeks to 5 years after HCT
Change From Baseline in T1-Weighted Lesion Volume
A T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was used to assess the volume of T1 lesions in the brain. Change from baseline was computed as the value at the time point minus the baseline value.
Measured: 8 weeks to 5 years after HCT
Percent Change From Screening in Brain Volume
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan techniques measured ventricular volumes and grey and white matter brain volumes. Change from screening was computed as the value at the time point minus the screening value.
Measured: 8 weeks to 5 years after HCT
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Feb 2006 (estimated)
- Study startJul 2006
- Primary completionNov 2015
- Study completionNov 2015
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple SclerosisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)The sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 25 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Sponsor type
- US National Institutes of Health
- Collaborators
- Immune Tolerance Network (ITN)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Richard A. Nash, MD, Study chair, Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Colorado Blood Cancer Institute, Presbyterian/St. Luke's Medical Center, DenverJames D. Bowen, MD, Study chair, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WashingtonGeorge H. Kraft, MD, Study chair, Departments of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of WashingtonGeorge J. Hutton, MD, Study chair, The Maxine Messinger Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, The Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of MedicineUday Popat, MD, Study chair, Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterMichael K. Racke, MD, Study chair, Department of Neurology, Ohio State University Medical CenterSteven M. Devine, MD, Study chair, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ohio State University Medical CenterAnnette Wundes, MD, Study chair, Department of Neurology, University of Washington
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00288626
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- DAIT ITN033AI
- Other IDs
- DAIT SCMS2
- Status last verified
- Aug 2017
- First submitted
- 7 Feb 2006
- Last updated
- 19 Sep 2017
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Data access is provided to the public in the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort), a long-term archive of clinical and mechanistic data from DAIT-funded grants and contracts that also provides data analysis tools available to researchers.
Publications
Fassas A, Nash R. Stem cell transplantation for autoimmune disorders. Multiple sclerosis. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2004 Jun;17(2):247-62. doi: 10.1016/j.beha.2004.04.005.
PubMed 15302338Muraro PA, Douek DC. Renewing the T cell repertoire to arrest autoimmune aggression. Trends Immunol. 2006 Feb;27(2):61-7. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2005.12.003. Epub 2006 Jan 6.
PubMed 16406806Muraro PA, Douek DC, Packer A, Chung K, Guenaga FJ, Cassiani-Ingoni R, Campbell C, Memon S, Nagle JW, Hakim FT, Gress RE, McFarland HF, Burt RK, Martin R. Thymic output generates a new and diverse TCR repertoire after autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis patients. J Exp Med. 2005 Mar 7;201(5):805-16. doi: 10.1084/jem.20041679. Epub 2005 Feb 28.
PubMed 15738052Saccardi R, Mancardi GL, Solari A, Bosi A, Bruzzi P, Di Bartolomeo P, Donelli A, Filippi M, Guerrasio A, Gualandi F, La Nasa G, Murialdo A, Pagliai F, Papineschi F, Scappini B, Marmont AM. Autologous HSCT for severe progressive multiple sclerosis in a multicenter trial: impact on disease activity and quality of life. Blood. 2005 Mar 15;105(6):2601-7. doi: 10.1182/blood-2004-08-3205. Epub 2004 Nov 16.
PubMed 15546956Tyndall A, Saccardi R. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of severe autoimmune disease: results from phase I/II studies, prospective randomized trials and future directions. Clin Exp Immunol. 2005 Jul;141(1):1-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02806.x.
PubMed 15958063Mancardi G, Saccardi R. Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2008 Jul;7(7):626-36. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70138-8.
PubMed 18565456Nash RA, Hutton GJ, Racke MK, Popat U, Devine SM, Griffith LM, Muraro PA, Openshaw H, Sayre PH, Stuve O, Arnold DL, Spychala ME, McConville KC, Harris KM, Phippard D, Georges GE, Wundes A, Kraft GH, Bowen JD. High-dose immunosuppressive therapy and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (HALT-MS): a 3-year interim report. JAMA Neurol. 2015 Feb;72(2):159-69. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.3780.
PubMed 25546364Muraro PA, Robins H, Malhotra S, Howell M, Phippard D, Desmarais C, de Paula Alves Sousa A, Griffith LM, Lim N, Nash RA, Turka LA. T cell repertoire following autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest. 2014 Mar;124(3):1168-72. doi: 10.1172/JCI71691. Epub 2014 Feb 17.
PubMed 24531550Nash RA, Hutton GJ, Racke MK, Popat U, Devine SM, Steinmiller KC, Griffith LM, Muraro PA, Openshaw H, Sayre PH, Stuve O, Arnold DL, Wener MH, Georges GE, Wundes A, Kraft GH, Bowen JD. High-dose immunosuppressive therapy and autologous HCT for relapsing-remitting MS. Neurology. 2017 Feb 28;88(9):842-852. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003660. Epub 2017 Feb 1.
PubMed 28148635Keever-Taylor CA, Heimfeld S, Steinmiller KC, Nash RA, Sullivan KM, Czarniecki CW, Granderson TC, Goldstein JS, Griffith LM. Manufacture of Autologous CD34+ Selected Grafts in the NIAID-Sponsored HALT-MS and SCOT Multicenter Clinical Trials for Autoimmune Diseases. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2017 Sep;23(9):1463-1472. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.05.018. Epub 2017 Jun 30.
PubMed 28602891Harris KM, Lu T, Lim N, Turka LA. Challenges and Opportunities for Biomarkers of Clinical Response to AHSCT in Autoimmunity. Front Immunol. 2018 Feb 2;9:100. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00100. eCollection 2018.
PubMed 29456529
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Sep 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Phase II Study of High-Dose Immunosuppressive Therapy Using Carmustine, Etoposide, Cytarabine, Melphalan, Thymoglobulin and Autologous CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for the Treatment of Poor Prognosis Multiple Sclerosis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00288626
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DAIT ITN033AI
- Conditions
- Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
- Keywords
- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, HCT- autologous hematopoietic cell transplant, HDIT-high-dose immunosuppressive therapy, BEAM -Carmustine (BCNU), Etoposide (VP-16), Cytarabine (ara-C), and Melphalan
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 25 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)US National Institutes of Health
- Collaborators
- Immune Tolerance Network (ITN)
- Study start
- Jul 2006
- Primary completion
- Nov 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- Nov 2015 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Feb 2006 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 4 Apr 2017
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a new treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), a serious disease in which the immune system attacks the brain and spinal cord. MS can be progressive and severe and lead to significant disability. The study treatment involves the use of high-dose chemotherapeutic drugs to suppress the immune system. The participant's own (autologous) blood-forming (hematopoietic, CD34+) stem cells are collected before the chemotherapy is given, and then transplanted back into the body following treatment. Transplantation of autologous hematopoietic stem cells is required to prevent very prolonged periods of low blood cell counts after the high-dose chemotherapy.
Detailed description
MS is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system in which myelin, the protective coat that surrounds nerve cells, is damaged or destroyed by autoimmune T cells and macrophages, leading to an eventual loss of neurologic function. In a pilot study in Europe using high-dose chemotherapy, it was observed that 18 of 19 MS patients stabilized or improved clinically, and only one patient showed a new lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain at 4.5 years after treatment. Improvement was seen in quality-of-life assessments.
In ITN033AI, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous CD34-selected hematopoietic cell transplantation will be given to confirm the results from the pilot study and to offer therapy to patients with early MS and a poor prognosis. Research studies will be performed in addition to clinical assessments to better understand the effect of the treatment on the activity of MS. High-dose chemotherapy will be used to deplete autoreactive immune cells. These regimens also deplete the bone marrow, the source of blood-forming CD34+ stem cells which causes very low blood counts. Therefore, the participant's autologous CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells will be collected before high dose immunosuppressive therapy is given and then returned as a transplant post-chemotherapy. Patients will be followed closely after the autologous transplantation since they will be at risk for infections after treatment.
At the beginning of the study, participants will undergo a number of screening and baseline procedures, including a physical exam, blood collection, MS-confirming neurology exams and questionnaires, and MRI procedures. Participants will be given prednisone and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood. When the peripheral blood CD34+ cell count reaches 20,000 cells/ml or greater, these cells will be collected by leukapheresis. In this process, a catheter is placed into a large blood vessel, peripheral blood is withdrawn, and a high speed sedimentation (leukapheresis) device is used to separate and retain the cells required for autologous transplantation. Other blood cells are then returned to the participant's body. In the laboratory, the CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell graft will be selected and prepared from the leukapheresis collection, and stored until needed for transplant. Seven or more days following the collection of their autologous graft, participants will be hospitalized and receive high-dose chemotherapy consisting of carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM) and thymoglobulin. This is followed by transplantation of the autologous hematopoietic cell graft. Participants will remain in the hospital for observation during recovery of their peripheral blood cell counts, as described in the protocol. Participants will receive G-CSF and blood transfusions, if needed, and will be monitored for infections. Following discharge from the hospital, eight study visits will occur over sixty months (five years). During these visits, participants will undergo blood and urine collection, MRI studies, leukapheresis, and MS neurology exams and will complete questionnaires.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| MS Treatment | Experimental | Drug: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and prednisone, Drug: Carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM), Procedure: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantAutologous peripheral blood stem cell grafts were CD34+ selected; the participants then received high-dose treatment with carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan as well as rabbit antithymocyte globulin before autologous HCT. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Diagnosis of relapsing-remitting or progressive-relapsing multiple sclerosis for less than 15 years using McDonald Criteria. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol
- Score between 3.0 and 5.5 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)
- T2 abnormalities on brain MRI consistent with MS
- Two or more relapses in 18 months time on interferon (IFN), glatiramer acetate (GA), natalizumab or cytotoxic therapy with EDSS increase of 1.0 or greater for participants with EDSS at screening of 3.0 to 3.5 (0.5 or greater for participants with EDSS at screening of 4.0 to 5.5) sustained at least 4 weeks after at least one of these relapses OR one relapse on IFN, GA, natalizumab or cytotoxic therapy with EDSS increase of 1.5 or greater (1.0 for subjects with EDSS at screening of 5.5) sustained at least 4 weeks, together with MRI changes consistent with poor prognosis. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
- On IFN or GA for at least 6 months before the relapses occur that are counted to satisfy previous inclusion criterion OR have received adequate doses of natalizumab or cytotoxic therapy on a treatment schedule before the relapses occur that are counted to satisfy previous inclusion criterion
Key exclusion criteria (17 listed)
- Primary progressive MS
- Secondary progressive MS without relapses (i.e., progression without exacerbations or relapses) for 12 or more months
- Neuromyelitis optica, a disease similar to MS
- Initiation of new immunosuppressant treatment after the participant becomes eligible for the protocol or continuance of immunosuppressant drugs after the participant is screened for the protocol. Treatment with IFN, GA, or corticosteroids is permitted after the participant becomes eligible for the protocol.
- Lapse of greater than 6 months between the time a participant is eligible for the protocol and initiation of protocol treatment except when judged acceptable by the MS Review Panel
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and prednisoneGrowth factor regimen; occurs at study entry | Drug | MS Treatment |
| Carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM)High-dose chemotherapy; occurs seven or more days following collection of autologous graft | Drug | MS Treatment |
| Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantOccurs after growth factor regimen and collection of autologous graft | Procedure or surgery | MS Treatment |
Primary outcome
Event-Free Survival Probability During the 5 Years After Transplant
Time frame: 5 years
Event-free survival (EFS) is survival without death or disease activity from any one of the following criteria: 1) loss of neurological function, defined as a change in pretransplant Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of > 0.5. 2) Relapse, defined as the development of a new neurological sign and corresponding symptom, or worsening of an existing neurological sign and symptom, localized to central nervous system white matter, resulting in neurological deficit/disability, and lasting over 48 hours. 3) New lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), defined as presence of 2 or more independent multiple sclerosis brain lesions detected on MRI 1 year or more after stem cell transplant. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival probability, with 90% confidence interval based on Greenwood's formula for standard error.
19 secondary outcomes
Event-Free Survival Probability During the 3 Years After Transplant
Time frame: 3 years
Survival From Treatment-Related Mortality
Time frame: From study entry to death, loss to follow-up, or the end of the study, whichever came first, up to 6 years
Overall Survival
Time frame: From study entry to death, loss to follow-up, or the end of the study, whichever came first, up to 6 years
Survival From MS-Related Mortality
Time frame: From study entry to death, loss to follow-up, or the end of the study, whichever came first, up to 6 years
Percent of Participants Who Experienced All-Cause Morbidity
Time frame: From the time of enrollment until completion of the 5-year follow-up, an average of 6 years.
Percent of Participants Who Experienced All-Cause Morbidity Within 12 Months of Post-HCT
Time frame: From the time of Autologous CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HCT) to 1 year after HCT.
Time to Neutrophil Engraftment
Time frame: From time of graft infusion to time of engraftment, up to 6 years
Time to Platelet Engraftment
Time frame: From time of graft infusion to time of engraftment, up to 6 years
Event-Free Survival Probability After Transplant
Time frame: 1, 2, and 4 years after HCT
MS Progression-Free Survival Probability After Transplant
Time frame: 1 to 5 years after HCT
MRI Activity-Free Survival Probability After Transplant
Time frame: 1 to 5 years after HCT
MS Relapse-Free Survival Probability After Transplant
Time frame: 1 to 5 years after HCT
Disease-Modifying Therapy Survival Probability After Transplant
Time frame: 1 to 5 years after HCT
Change From Baseline in Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS)
Time frame: 6 months to 5 years after HCT
Change From Baseline in Number of Gadolinium-Enhanced Lesions
Time frame: 8 weeks to 5 years after HCT
Number of New T2-Weighted Lesions From Baseline
Time frame: 6 Months to 5 years after HCT
Change From Baseline in T2-Weighted Lesion Volume
Time frame: 8 weeks to 5 years after HCT
Change From Baseline in T1-Weighted Lesion Volume
Time frame: 8 weeks to 5 years after HCT
Percent Change From Screening in Brain Volume
Time frame: 8 weeks to 5 years after HCT
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Sep 2017.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 15302338Fassas A, Nash R. Stem cell transplantation for autoimmune disorders. Multiple sclerosis. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2004 Jun;17(2):247-62. doi: 10.1016/j.beha.2004.04.005.
- Background: PubMed 16406806Muraro PA, Douek DC. Renewing the T cell repertoire to arrest autoimmune aggression. Trends Immunol. 2006 Feb;27(2):61-7. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2005.12.003. Epub 2006 Jan 6.
- Background: PubMed 15738052Muraro PA, Douek DC, Packer A, Chung K, Guenaga FJ, Cassiani-Ingoni R, Campbell C, Memon S, Nagle JW, Hakim FT, Gress RE, McFarland HF, Burt RK, Martin R. Thymic output generates a new and diverse TCR repertoire after autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis patients. J Exp Med. 2005 Mar 7;201(5):805-16. doi: 10.1084/jem.20041679. Epub 2005 Feb 28.
- Background: PubMed 15546956Saccardi R, Mancardi GL, Solari A, Bosi A, Bruzzi P, Di Bartolomeo P, Donelli A, Filippi M, Guerrasio A, Gualandi F, La Nasa G, Murialdo A, Pagliai F, Papineschi F, Scappini B, Marmont AM. Autologous HSCT for severe progressive multiple sclerosis in a multicenter trial: impact on disease activity and quality of life. Blood. 2005 Mar 15;105(6):2601-7. doi: 10.1182/blood-2004-08-3205. Epub 2004 Nov 16.
- Background: PubMed 15958063Tyndall A, Saccardi R. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of severe autoimmune disease: results from phase I/II studies, prospective randomized trials and future directions. Clin Exp Immunol. 2005 Jul;141(1):1-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02806.x.
- Background: PubMed 18565456Mancardi G, Saccardi R. Autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2008 Jul;7(7):626-36. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70138-8.
- Results publication: PubMed 25546364Nash RA, Hutton GJ, Racke MK, Popat U, Devine SM, Griffith LM, Muraro PA, Openshaw H, Sayre PH, Stuve O, Arnold DL, Spychala ME, McConville KC, Harris KM, Phippard D, Georges GE, Wundes A, Kraft GH, Bowen JD. High-dose immunosuppressive therapy and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (HALT-MS): a 3-year interim report. JAMA Neurol. 2015 Feb;72(2):159-69. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.3780.
- Results publication: PubMed 24531550Muraro PA, Robins H, Malhotra S, Howell M, Phippard D, Desmarais C, de Paula Alves Sousa A, Griffith LM, Lim N, Nash RA, Turka LA. T cell repertoire following autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest. 2014 Mar;124(3):1168-72. doi: 10.1172/JCI71691. Epub 2014 Feb 17.
- Results publication: PubMed 28148635Nash RA, Hutton GJ, Racke MK, Popat U, Devine SM, Steinmiller KC, Griffith LM, Muraro PA, Openshaw H, Sayre PH, Stuve O, Arnold DL, Wener MH, Georges GE, Wundes A, Kraft GH, Bowen JD. High-dose immunosuppressive therapy and autologous HCT for relapsing-remitting MS. Neurology. 2017 Feb 28;88(9):842-852. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003660. Epub 2017 Feb 1.
- Results publication: PubMed 28602891Keever-Taylor CA, Heimfeld S, Steinmiller KC, Nash RA, Sullivan KM, Czarniecki CW, Granderson TC, Goldstein JS, Griffith LM. Manufacture of Autologous CD34+ Selected Grafts in the NIAID-Sponsored HALT-MS and SCOT Multicenter Clinical Trials for Autoimmune Diseases. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2017 Sep;23(9):1463-1472. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.05.018. Epub 2017 Jun 30.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 29456529Harris KM, Lu T, Lim N, Turka LA. Challenges and Opportunities for Biomarkers of Clinical Response to AHSCT in Autoimmunity. Front Immunol. 2018 Feb 2;9:100. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00100. eCollection 2018.
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) websiteLink provided by the sponsor.
- Immune Tolerance Network (ITN) websiteLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Data access is provided to the public in the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort), a long-term archive of clinical and mechanistic data from DAIT-funded grants and contracts that also provides data analysis tools available to researchers.
Related trials for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Active, not recruiting
Myrosinase Bioactivated Gglucoraphanin for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases (GRA-MYR-ND)
PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder), Multiple Sclerosis (MS) - Relapsing-remitting
Recruiting
Wearable Focal Vibration Therapy on Upper Extremity Function of People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) - Relapsing-remitting, Upper Extremity Dysfunction
Not yet recruiting
Treatment of Memory Retrieval Impairments in MS With HDtDCS to the LIFG in a Placebo Controlled Trial
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS)
Recruiting
Monthly Monitoring of Plasma NfL in Treated Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis to Detect Persistent Infraclinical Disease Activity
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) - Relapsing-remitting
Active, not recruitingPhase 4
Safety and Efficacy Study of Fingolimod in Taiwanese Adults (≥ 20years) With Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Richard A. Nash, MD study chair
Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Colorado Blood Cancer Institute, Presbyterian/St. Luke's Medical Center, Denver
James D. Bowen, MD study chair
Multiple Sclerosis Center, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, Washington
George H. Kraft, MD study chair
Departments of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington
4 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and prednisone, Carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM) and Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant in people with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at 4 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 17 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Sep 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 4 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 4 Apr 2017). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Event-Free Survival Probability During the 5 Years After Transplant (time frame: 5 years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00288626, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Sep 2017.