Prostatic NeoplasmsPhase 3VENICENCT00519285
Aflibercept in Combination With Docetaxel in Metastatic Androgen Independent Prostate Cancer
A Phase 3 study testing Aflibercept, Docetaxel and Prednisone or Prednisolone in people with Prostatic Neoplasms and Neoplasm Metastasis, run by Sanofi at 31 sites in 31 countries.
Trial summary
Primary objective was to demonstrate overall survival improvement with aflibercept compared to placebo in patients receiving docetaxel / prednisone for metastatic androgen-independent prostate cancer (MAIPC). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, men only
- Conditions the study is for
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Neoplasm Metastasis
- What is being tested?
- Aflibercept, Docetaxel and Prednisone or Prednisolone
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 1,224 participants
- Where
- 31 sitesin 31 countries
- Study dates
- Aug 2007to Apr 2012
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Men only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Histologically- or cytologically-confirmed prostate adenocarcinoma;
- Metastatic disease;
- Progressive disease while receiving hormonal therapy or after surgical castration;
- Effective castration.
Who cannot join
- Prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancer, except estramustine and except adjuvant/neoadjuvant treatment completed >3 years ago;
- Prior treatment with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) inhibitors or VEGF receptor inhibitors;
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status >2.
- The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.
Trial locations and contacts
31 sites in 31 countries.
31 sites in 31 countries
United States1 site
Sanofi-Aventis Administrative Office
Bridgewater, New Jersey, 08807
United Kingdom1 site
Sanofi-Aventis Administrative Office
Guildford Surrey
About this study
Official title: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double Blind Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Aflibercept Versus Placebo Administered Every 3 Weeks in Patients Treated With Docetaxel/ Prednisone for Metastatic Androgen-independent Prostate Cancer
Primary objective was to demonstrate overall survival improvement with aflibercept compared to placebo in patients receiving docetaxel / prednisone for metastatic androgen-independent prostate cancer (MAIPC).
The secondary objectives were:
- To assess the efficacy of aflibercept compared to placebo on other parameters such prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, cancer related pain, progression free survival (PFS), tumor-based and skeletal events and health-related quality of life (HRQL);
- To assess the overall safety in both treatment arms;
- To determine the pharmacokinetics of intravenous (IV) aflibercept in this population;
- to determine immunogenicity of IV aflibercept.
Read the detailed description
The study consisted in 3-week treatment cycles until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, or participant's refusal of further study treatment. After disease progression, participants were to be followed every 3 months until death or the study cutoff date, whichever came first.
The study cut-off date was event-driven and was defined as the date when 873 deaths had occurred.
- Conditions
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Neoplasm Metastasis
- Being tested
- Aflibercept, Placebo (for aflibercept), Docetaxel, Prednisone or Prednisolone
- Keywords
- metastatic, prostate, cancer
- Medical subject headings
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasms
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
AfliberceptDrug
Also called AVE0005, ZALTRAP®)
25 mg/ml solution
6 mg/kg, 1-hour IV on Day 1 of each 3-Week cycle
Placebo (for aflibercept)Drug
Sterile aqueous buffered solution identical to aflibercept
1-hour IV on Day 1 of each 3-Week cycle
DocetaxelDrug
Also called Taxotere®
Marketed formulation
75 mg/m², 1 hour IV on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle (immediately after Aflibercept or placebo)
Prednisone or PrednisoloneDrug
Marketed formulation
5 mg twice daily PO from day 1 continuously
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Placebo added to standard chemotherapy with docetaxel plus prednisone or prednisolone Receives: Drug: Placebo (for aflibercept); Drug: Docetaxel; Drug: Prednisone or Prednisolone |
| Aflibercept | Experimental | Aflibercept added to standard chemotherapy with docetaxel plus prednisone or prednisolone Receives: Drug: Aflibercept; Drug: Docetaxel; Drug: Prednisone or Prednisolone |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Overall Survival Time
Overall survival (OS) time was measured as the time from date of randomization to the date of death due to any cause.
The median OS time and its 95.6% confidence interval were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. In the absence of confirmation of death, the participant was censored at the last date he/she was known to be alive or the study cut-off date (when 873 deaths have occurred), whichever was earlier.
Measured: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Secondary outcomes (10)
Prostate Specific Antigen Response Rate
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) response was defined as ≥50% decrease from baseline in serum PSA levels, confirmed at least 3 weeks later. Increases of any magnitude during the first 12 weeks were ignored in determining PSA response.
Measured: Before randomization (baseline) then every 3 weeks up to PSA progression (≥25% increase) or the cut-off date, whichever occurred first
Time to Skeletal Related Events
Skeletal Related Events (SRE) included pathological fractures and/or spinal cord compression, need for bone irradiation, including radioisotopes or bone surgery, change in antineoplastic therapy to treat bone pain.
Time to SRE was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of occurence of the first event defining a SRE or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first.
The median time to SRE and its 95% confidence interval were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. In the absence of SRE, the participant was censored at the last date he/she was known to be alive or the study cut-off date, whichever was earlier.
Measured: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Progression Free Survival Time
Disease progression was defined as a composite of: Radiological tumor progression (≥20% increase in target lesions, or appearance of at least 2 new bone lesions); PSA progression (≥25% increase in PSA level confirmed 3 weeks later); Pain progression (increase in pain intensity or in analgesic consumption for cancer related pain confirmed 3 weeks later); Radiotherapy for cancer related symptoms; Occurence of Skeletal related events (SRE).
Progression Free survival (PFS) time was measured as the time from the date of randomization up to the date of occurrence of the first event defining a disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first.
The median PFS time and its 95% confidence interval were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. In the absence of disease progression, the participant was censored at the the date of last assessment without evidence of progression or the study cut-off date, whichever was earlier.
Measured: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Tumor Response Rate in Participants With Measurable Disease
Tumor response was defined as either a Complete Response (disappearance of all target lesions) or a Partial Response (≥30% decrease from baseline in target lesions) as assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST)version 1.0.
Measured: Before randomization (baseline) then every 3 months up to tumor progression (≥25% increase) or the cut-off date, whichever occurred first
Prostate Specific Antigen Progression-free Survival Time
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) progression was defined as ≥25% increase in PSA level confirmed 3 weeks later, above the nadir in participants who had achieved a PSA response, or above the baseline in participants who hadn't achieved a PSA response.
PSA progression-free survival (PFS) time was defined as the time from the date of randomization up to the date of the first documented PSA progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first.
The median PSA-PFS time and its 95% confidence interval were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. In the absence of PSA progression or death, the participant was censored at the the date of last assessment without evidence of progression or the study cut-off date, whichever was earlier.
Measured: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Pain Progression-free Survival Time
Pain progression was defined as either ≥1-point increase in Present Pain Intensity (PPI) score or ≥25% increase in Analgesics Score (AS) confirmed at least 3 weeks later, or requirement for palliative radiotherapy. PPI scale is a self-report 0-5 scale to assess pain intensity - a score 0 reflects no pain, a score 5 reflects excruciating pain. AS is a scoring method to assess analgesics consumption. Each analgesic is scored 1 or 4 depending on the analgesic type and dose. AS is the sum of the analgesic scores.
Pain progression-free survival (PFS) time was measured as the time from the date of randomization up to the date of first pain progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first.
The median pain-PFS and its 95% confidence interval were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. In the absence of event, the participant was censored at the the date of last assessment without evidence of pain progression or the study cut-off date, whichever was earlier.
Measured: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Pain Response Rate
Pain response was defined as either a ≥2-point decrease from baseline in Present Pain Intensity (PPI) score without increase in Analgesics Score (AS), or a ≥50% decrease from baseline in AS without increase in the PPI score confirmed at least 3 weeks later. Increases in PPI or AS during the first 12 weeks were ignored in determining pain response.
Measured: Before randomization (baseline) then every 3 weeks up to pain progression or the cut-off date, whichever occurred first
Change From Baseline in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate Total Score as a Measure of Health Related Quality of Life
Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) is a 39-item participant questionnaire that measures the concerns of patients with prostate cancer. It consists of 5 subscales assessing physical well-being, social/family well-being, emotional well-being, functional well-being, and prostate-specific concerns.
FACT-P total score is the sum of the 5 subscores. It ranges from 0 to 156 with higher score indicating better quality of life.
Measured: Before randomization (baseline) then every 3 weeks until disease progression or administration of further antitumor therapy, whichever came first
Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety
Adverse Events (AE) are any unfavorable and unintended sign, symptom, syndrome or illness observed by the investigator or reported by the participant during the study.
AE were collected at regular intervals throughout the study then graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE v.3.0).
Measured: From first dose of study treatment (aflibercept/placebo or docetaxel whichever came first) to last dose of study treatment (aflibercept/placebo or docetaxel whichever came last) + 30 days
Number of Participants With Positive Anti-aflibercept Antibody Levels as a Measure of Immunogenicity of Aflibercept
Serum for detection of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) was collected in patients treated in selected centers only. Samples were analyzed using a titer-based, bridging immunoassay developed and validated to detect ADAs in human serum.
Samples with positive antibody levels were further analyzed using a validated, non-quantitative ligand binding assay to detect neutralizing antibodies Ab).
A participant was considered to have positive antibody levels if antibodies were detected above the quantification limits.
Measured: Pre-dose of cycle 1 (baseline), pre-dose of each every other cycle, then 30 and 90 days after the last administration of the study drug
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Aug 2007 (estimated)
- Study startAug 2007
- Primary completionApr 2012
- Study completionApr 2012
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Prostatic NeoplasmsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by SanofiThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 1,224 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Sanofi
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Collaborators
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Clinical Sciences & Operations, Study director, Sanofi
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00519285
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- EFC6546
- Other IDs
- 2006-004756-20
- Acronym
- VENICE
- Status last verified
- Jun 2016
- First submitted
- 21 Aug 2007
- Last updated
- 22 Jul 2016
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Tannock IF, Fizazi K, Ivanov S, Karlsson CT, Flechon A, Skoneczna I, Orlandi F, Gravis G, Matveev V, Bavbek S, Gil T, Viana L, Aren O, Karyakin O, Elliott T, Birtle A, Magherini E, Hatteville L, Petrylak D, Tombal B, Rosenthal M; VENICE investigators. Aflibercept versus placebo in combination with docetaxel and prednisone for treatment of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (VENICE): a phase 3, double-blind randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013 Jul;14(8):760-8. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70184-0. Epub 2013 Jun 4.
PubMed 23742877van Soest RJ, Templeton AJ, Vera-Badillo FE, Mercier F, Sonpavde G, Amir E, Tombal B, Rosenthal M, Eisenberger MA, Tannock IF, de Wit R. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic biomarker for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy: data from two randomized phase III trials. Ann Oncol. 2015 Apr;26(4):743-749. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdu569. Epub 2014 Dec 15.
PubMed 25515657de Liano AG, Reig O, Mellado B, Martin C, Rull EU, Maroto JP. Prognostic and predictive value of plasma testosterone levels in patients receiving first-line chemotherapy for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Br J Cancer. 2014 Apr 29;110(9):2201-8. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.189. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
PubMed 24722180
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Jul 2016. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Multicenter, Randomized, Double Blind Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Aflibercept Versus Placebo Administered Every 3 Weeks in Patients Treated With Docetaxel/ Prednisone for Metastatic Androgen-independent Prostate Cancer
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00519285
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VENICE / EFC6546
- Conditions
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Neoplasm Metastasis
- Keywords
- metastatic, prostate, cancer
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,224 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- SanofiIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Collaborators
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
- Study start
- Aug 2007
- Primary completion
- Apr 2012 (actual)
- Study completion
- Apr 2012 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 Aug 2007 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 10 Oct 2013
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Primary objective was to demonstrate overall survival improvement with aflibercept compared to placebo in patients receiving docetaxel / prednisone for metastatic androgen-independent prostate cancer (MAIPC).
The secondary objectives were:
- To assess the efficacy of aflibercept compared to placebo on other parameters such prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, cancer related pain, progression free survival (PFS), tumor-based and skeletal events and health-related quality of life (HRQL);
- To assess the overall safety in both treatment arms;
- To determine the pharmacokinetics of intravenous (IV) aflibercept in this population;
- to determine immunogenicity of IV aflibercept.
Detailed description
The study consisted in 3-week treatment cycles until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, or participant's refusal of further study treatment. After disease progression, participants were to be followed every 3 months until death or the study cutoff date, whichever came first.
The study cut-off date was event-driven and was defined as the date when 873 deaths had occurred.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: Placebo (for aflibercept), Drug: Docetaxel, Drug: Prednisone or PrednisolonePlacebo added to standard chemotherapy with docetaxel plus prednisone or prednisolone |
| Aflibercept | Experimental | Drug: Aflibercept, Drug: Docetaxel, Drug: Prednisone or PrednisoloneAflibercept added to standard chemotherapy with docetaxel plus prednisone or prednisolone |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Histologically- or cytologically-confirmed prostate adenocarcinoma;
- Metastatic disease;
- Progressive disease while receiving hormonal therapy or after surgical castration;
- Effective castration.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancer, except estramustine and except adjuvant/neoadjuvant treatment completed >3 years ago;
- Prior treatment with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) inhibitors or VEGF receptor inhibitors;
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status >2.
- The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| AfliberceptAlso: AVE0005, ZALTRAP®)25 mg/ml solution 6 mg/kg, 1-hour IV on Day 1 of each 3-Week cycle | Drug | Aflibercept |
| Placebo (for aflibercept)Sterile aqueous buffered solution identical to aflibercept 1-hour IV on Day 1 of each 3-Week cycle | Drug | Placebo |
| DocetaxelAlso: Taxotere®Marketed formulation 75 mg/m², 1 hour IV on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle (immediately after Aflibercept or placebo) | Drug | Aflibercept, Placebo |
| Prednisone or PrednisoloneMarketed formulation 5 mg twice daily PO from day 1 continuously | Drug | Aflibercept, Placebo |
Primary outcome
Overall Survival Time
Time frame: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Overall survival (OS) time was measured as the time from date of randomization to the date of death due to any cause. The median OS time and its 95.6% confidence interval were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. In the absence of confirmation of death, the participant was censored at the last date he/she was known to be alive or the study cut-off date (when 873 deaths have occurred), whichever was earlier.
10 secondary outcomes
Prostate Specific Antigen Response Rate
Time frame: Before randomization (baseline) then every 3 weeks up to PSA progression (≥25% increase) or the cut-off date, whichever occurred first
Time to Skeletal Related Events
Time frame: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Progression Free Survival Time
Time frame: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Tumor Response Rate in Participants With Measurable Disease
Time frame: Before randomization (baseline) then every 3 months up to tumor progression (≥25% increase) or the cut-off date, whichever occurred first
Prostate Specific Antigen Progression-free Survival Time
Time frame: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Pain Progression-free Survival Time
Time frame: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)
Pain Response Rate
Time frame: Before randomization (baseline) then every 3 weeks up to pain progression or the cut-off date, whichever occurred first
Change From Baseline in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate Total Score as a Measure of Health Related Quality of Life
Time frame: Before randomization (baseline) then every 3 weeks until disease progression or administration of further antitumor therapy, whichever came first
Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety
Time frame: From first dose of study treatment (aflibercept/placebo or docetaxel whichever came first) to last dose of study treatment (aflibercept/placebo or docetaxel whichever came last) + 30 days
Number of Participants With Positive Anti-aflibercept Antibody Levels as a Measure of Immunogenicity of Aflibercept
Time frame: Pre-dose of cycle 1 (baseline), pre-dose of each every other cycle, then 30 and 90 days after the last administration of the study drug
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Jul 2016.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 23742877Tannock IF, Fizazi K, Ivanov S, Karlsson CT, Flechon A, Skoneczna I, Orlandi F, Gravis G, Matveev V, Bavbek S, Gil T, Viana L, Aren O, Karyakin O, Elliott T, Birtle A, Magherini E, Hatteville L, Petrylak D, Tombal B, Rosenthal M; VENICE investigators. Aflibercept versus placebo in combination with docetaxel and prednisone for treatment of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (VENICE): a phase 3, double-blind randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013 Jul;14(8):760-8. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70184-0. Epub 2013 Jun 4.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 25515657van Soest RJ, Templeton AJ, Vera-Badillo FE, Mercier F, Sonpavde G, Amir E, Tombal B, Rosenthal M, Eisenberger MA, Tannock IF, de Wit R. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic biomarker for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy: data from two randomized phase III trials. Ann Oncol. 2015 Apr;26(4):743-749. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdu569. Epub 2014 Dec 15.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 24722180de Liano AG, Reig O, Mellado B, Martin C, Rull EU, Maroto JP. Prognostic and predictive value of plasma testosterone levels in patients receiving first-line chemotherapy for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Br J Cancer. 2014 Apr 29;110(9):2201-8. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.189. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
Related trials for Prostatic Neoplasms
Active, not recruiting
Streamlined Geriatric and Oncological Evaluation Based On IC Technology
Breast Cancer, Comorbidities and Coexisting Conditions
Active, not recruitingObservational study
MRI Fusion Biopsy vs. Micro-Ultrasound Guided Biopsy
Prostate Cancer
Enrolling by invitationObservational study
Natural History Study of Early Life Exposures in Agriculture (ELEA)
Prostate Cancer, Leukemia
Not yet recruitingPhase 1/2
STAR0602 With Nivolumab in Non Small Cell Lung Cancer and in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer, and STAR0602 Alone in Thymic Carcinoma
NSCLC, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Recruiting
Rehabilitation and Sex Therapy to Optimize Recovery After Prostate Cancer Treatment
Prostate Cancer, Urinary Incontinence
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Clinical Sciences & Operations study director
Sanofi
31 sites in 31 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing Aflibercept, Docetaxel and Prednisone or Prednisolone in people with Prostatic Neoplasms and Neoplasm Metastasis, run by Sanofi at 31 sites in 31 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Jul 2016. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 31 sites in United States, Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil and 26 more countries. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 10 Oct 2013). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Overall Survival Time (time frame: From randomization up to the cut-off date (median follow-up of 35.4 months)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00519285, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Jul 2016.