Trial Comparing Tiotropium Inhalation Capsules vs Placebo in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Trough FEV1 defined as the FEV1 measured at 10 minutes prior to the end of the dosing interval, approximately 24 hours post drug administration. Baseline FEV1 was the pre-treatment FEV1 measured at Week 0 in the morning 10 minutes prior to the administration of the first dose of the study medication.

Trough FEV1 defined as the FEV1 measured at 10 minutes prior to the end of the dosing interval, approximately 24 hours post drug administration. Baseline FEV1 was the pre-treatment FEV1 measured at Week 0 in the morning 10 minutes prior to the administration of the first dose of the study medication.

Trough FEV1 defined as the FEV1 measured at 10 minutes prior to the end of the dosing interval, approximately 24 hours post drug administration. Baseline FEV1 was the pre-treatment FEV1 measured at Week 0 in the morning 10 minutes prior to the administration of the first dose of the study medication.

Trough FEV1 defined as the FEV1 measured at 10 minutes prior to the end of the dosing interval, approximately 24 hours post drug administration. Baseline FEV1 was the pre-treatment FEV1 measured at Week 0 in the morning 10 minutes prior to the administration of the first dose of the study medication.

Peak FEV1 defined as the maximum of the observed values over 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-dose for FEV1.

Peak FEV1 defined as the maximum of the observed values over 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-dose for FEV1. Peak response was defined as the change from baseline to the peak FEV1 value at the final visit.

Peak FEV1 defined as the maximum of the observed values over 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-dose for FEV1. Peak response was defined as the change from baseline to the peak FEV1 value at the final visit.

Peak FEV1 defined as the maximum of the observed values over 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-dose for FEV1. Peak response was defined as the change from baseline to the peak FEV1 value at the final visit.

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (baseline, pre-dose)

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (baseline, 30 minutes)

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (baseline, 60 minutes)

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (baseline, 120 minutes)

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (baseline, 180 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 8, pre-dose)

Change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 8, 30 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 8, 60 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 8, 120 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 8, 180 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 16, pre-dose)

Change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 16, 30 minutes)

Change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 16, 60 minutes)

Change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 16, 120 minutes)

Change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 16, 180 minutes)

Change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 24, pre-dose)

Change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 24, 30 minutes)

Change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 24, 60 minutes)

Change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 24, 120 minutes)

Change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (at week 24, 180 minutes)

Forced vital capacity (FVC) area under the curve from 0-3 hours (AUC0-3h)

Change from baseline in Forced vital capacity (FVC) area under the curve from 0-3 hours (AUC0-3h) (week 8)

Change from baseline in Forced vital capacity (FVC) area under the curve from 0-3 hours (AUC0-3h)(week 16)

Change from baseline in Forced vital capacity (FVC) area under the curve from 0-3 hours (AUC0-3h) (week 24)

Trough FVC defined as the FVC measured at 10 minutes prior to the end of the dosing interval, approximately 24 hours post drug administration. Baseline FVC was the pre-treatment FVC measured at Week 0 in the morning 10 minutes prior to the administration of the first dose of the study medication.

Trough FVC defined as the FVC measured at 10 minutes prior to the end of the dosing interval, approximately 24 hours post drug administration. Baseline FVC was the pre-treatment FVC measured at Week 0 in the morning 10 minutes prior to the administration of the first dose of the study medication.

Trough FVC defined as the FVC measured at 10 minutes prior to the end of the dosing interval, approximately 24 hours post drug administration. Baseline FVC was the pre-treatment FVC measured at Week 0 in the morning 10 minutes prior to the administration of the first dose of the study medication.

Trough FVC defined as the FVC measured at 10 minutes prior to the end of the dosing interval, approximately 24 hours post drug administration. Baseline FVC was the pre-treatment FVC measured at Week 0 in the morning 10 minutes prior to the administration of the first dose of the study medication.

Peak FEV1 defined as the maximum of the observed values over 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-dose for FEV1.

Peak FEV1 defined as the maximum of the observed values over 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-dose for FEV1. Peak response was defined as the change from baseline to the peak FEV1 value at the final visit.

Peak FEV1 defined as the maximum of the observed values over 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-dose for FEV1. Peak response was defined as the change from baseline to the peak FEV1 value at the final visit.

Peak FEV1 defined as the maximum of the observed values over 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-dose for FEV1. Peak response was defined as the change from baseline to the peak FEV1 value at the final visit.

Forced vital capacity (baseline, pre-dose)

Forced vital capacity (baseline, 30 minutes)

Forced vital capacity (baseline, 60 minutes)

Forced vital capacity (baseline, 120 minutes)

Forced vital capacity (baseline, 180 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 8, pre-dose)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 8, 30 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 8, 60 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 8, 120 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 8, 180 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 16, pre-dose)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 16, 30 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 16, 60 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 16, 120 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 16, 180 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 24, pre-dose)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 24, 30 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 24, 60 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 24, 120 minutes)

Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (week 24, 180 minutes)

Number of days that participants used albuterol prn per week

Difference in number of days that participants used albuterol prn per week between week 4 and baseline

Difference in number of days that participants used albuterol prn per week between week 8 and baseline

Difference in number of days that participants used albuterol prn per week between week 12 and baseline

Difference in number of days that participants used albuterol prn per week between week 16 and baseline

Difference in number of days that participants used albuterol prn per week between week 20 and baseline

Difference in number of days that participants used albuterol prn per week between week 24 and baseline

The physician's global assessment reflected the physician's opinion of the participant's overall clinical condition with respect to COPD. The evaluation was based on the participant's use of concomitant medications, as well as the number and severity of COPD exacerbations and related emergency room visits and/or hospitalizations since the last visit. The frequency and severity of symptoms ( cough, dyspnea, wheezing) and the impact of these on the participant's ability to exercise were considered.

Range: 1-2 = Poor, 3-4 = Fair 5-6 = Good, 7-8 = Excellent.

The physician's global assessment reflected the physician's opinion of the participant's overall clinical condition with respect to COPD. The evaluation was based on the participant's use of concomitant medications, as well as the number and severity of COPD exacerbations and related emergency room visits and/or hospitalizations since the last visit. The frequency and severity of symptoms ( cough, dyspnea, wheezing) and the impact of these on the participant's ability to exercise were considered.

Range: 1-2 = Poor, 3-4 = Fair 5-6 = Good, 7-8 = Excellent.

The physician's global assessment reflected the physician's opinion of the participant's overall clinical condition with respect to COPD. The evaluation was based on the participant's use of concomitant medications, as well as the number and severity of COPD exacerbations and related emergency room visits and/or hospitalizations since the last visit. The frequency and severity of symptoms ( cough, dyspnea, wheezing) and the impact of these on the participant's ability to exercise were considered.

Range: 1-2 = Poor, 3-4 = Fair 5-6 = Good, 7-8 = Excellent.

The patient's global assessment was based on the subject's need to take additional medications for breathing, their need for emergency room or hospital visits for COPD, and severity and amount of coughing, wheezing, and/or breathing discomfort experienced, and the impact of these symptoms on the subject's ability to exercise and perform daily activities.

Range: 1-2 = Poor, 3-4 = Fair 5-6 = Good, 7-8 = Excellent.

The patient's global assessment was based on the subject's need to take additional medications for breathing, their need for emergency room or hospital visits for COPD, and severity and amount of coughing, wheezing, and/or breathing discomfort experienced, and the impact of these symptoms on the subject's ability to exercise and perform daily activities.

Range: 1-2 = Poor, 3-4 = Fair 5-6 = Good, 7-8 = Excellent.

The patient's global assessment was based on the subject's need to take additional medications for breathing, their need for emergency room or hospital visits for COPD, and severity and amount of coughing, wheezing, and/or breathing discomfort experienced, and the impact of these symptoms on the subject's ability to exercise and perform daily activities.

Range: 1-2 = Poor, 3-4 = Fair 5-6 = Good, 7-8 = Excellent.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment.

Absenteeism, Presenteeism, Work productivity loss, Activity Impairment Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 4 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 8 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 12 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 16 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 20 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 24 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment.

Absenteeism, Presenteeism, Work productivity loss, Activity Impairment Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 4 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 8 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 12 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 16 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 20 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 24 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment.

Absenteeism, Presenteeism, Work productivity loss, Activity Impairment Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 4 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 8 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 12 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 16 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 20 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 24 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment.

Absenteeism, Presenteeism, Work productivity loss, Activity Impairment Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 4 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 8 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 12 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 16 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 20 and baseline.

WPAI: self-administered instrument used to measure effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities and yields 4 types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed); Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); Work Productivity Loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); and Activity Impairment. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each of the above 4 types; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Difference refers to change in scale between week 24 and baseline.

Light intensity is less than three metabolic equivalents.

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm.

Light intensity is less than three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Light intensity is less than three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Light intensity defined as less than three metabolic equivalents.

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Light intensity is less than three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Light intensity is less than three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Light intensity is less than three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Moderate or higher intensity is greater than or equal to three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Moderate or higher intensity is greater than or equal to three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Moderate or higher intensity is greater than or equal to three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Moderate or higher intensity is greater than or equal to three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Moderate or higher intensity is greater than or equal to three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Moderate or higher intensity is greater than or equal to three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Moderate or higher intensity is greater than or equal to three metabolic equivalents

Metabolic equivalent threshold (MET): Unit used to estimate the metabolic cost of physical activity, in terms of multiples of the subject's resting metabolic rate. One metabolic equivalent is, by convention, 3.5 ml of O2 uptake per minute per kilogram body weight, and theoretically approximates the resting metabolic rate.

ln in measure value unit means natural logarithm

Healthy lifestyle defined as 30 minutes of activity > 3 metabolic equivalent levels for 70% of eligible days. Two categories: Yes, no

Healthy lifestyle defined as 30 minutes of activity > 3 metabolic equivalent levels for 70% of eligible days. Two categories: Yes, no

Healthy lifestyle defined as 30 minutes of activity > 3 metabolic equivalent levels for 70% of eligible days. Two categories: Yes, no

Healthy lifestyle defined as 30 minutes of activity > 3 metabolic equivalent levels for 70% of eligible days. Two categories: Yes, no

Healthy lifestyle defined as 30 minutes of activity > 3 metabolic equivalent levels for 70% of eligible days. Two categories: Yes, no

Healthy lifestyle defined as 30 minutes of activity > 3 metabolic equivalent levels for 70% of eligible days. Two categories: Yes, no

Healthy lifestyle defined as 30 minutes of activity > 3 metabolic equivalent levels for 70% of eligible days. Two categories: Yes, no

The amount of energy (kcal/day) that a person uses while physically active.

The amount of energy (kcal/day) that a person uses while physically active.

The amount of energy (kcal/day) that a person uses while physically active.

The amount of energy (kcal/day) that a person uses while physically active.

The amount of energy (kcal/day) that a person uses while physically active.

The amount of energy (kcal/day) that a person uses while physically active.

The amount of energy (kcal/day) that a person uses while physically active.

Number of steps per day (baseline)

Change from baseline in number of steps per day (week 4)

Change from baseline in number of steps per day (week 8)

Change from baseline in Number of steps per day (week 12)

Change from baseline in number of steps per day (week 16)

Change from baseline in number of steps per day (week 20)

Change from baseline in number of steps per day (week 24)