DiabetesPhase 3NCT00773279
Efficacy, Safety and Preference Study of a Insulin Pen PDS290 vs. a Novo Nordisk Marketed Insulin Pen in Diabetics
A Phase 3 study testing FlexTouch® and FlexPen® in people with Diabetes and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, run by Novo Nordisk A/S at 65 sites in United States.
Trial summary
This trial is conducted in the United States of America (USA). The aim of this clinical trial is to assess and compare the effect on blood sugar control of insulin detemir and insulin aspart or insulin detemir alone administered by a insulin pen PDS290 (FlexTouch®) versus a Novo Nordisk marketed insulin pen (FlexPen®)… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- What is being tested?
- FlexTouch® and FlexPen®
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 242 participants
- Where
- 65 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- Sep 2008to Jun 2009
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Informed consent obtained before any trial-related activities
- Subjects diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. If type 2 diabetics, treatment with or without oral anti diabetic medication is allowed
- Current users of vial/syringe (pen naïve) treated with short-acting insulin (insulin aspart, glulisine or lispro) and once daily long-acting insulin (detemir or glargine) or once daily long-acting insulin (detemir or glargine) alone
- Treatment with insulin (i.e. aspart, glulisine, lispro, detemir or glargine) for at least 6 months
- Body Mass Index (BMI) less than 45.0 kg/m^2
- HbA1c less than or equal to 9.0% at screening visit based on analysis from central laboratory
- Able and willing to adhere to the trial-specific insulin regimen for the entire trial period
Who cannot join
- Females of childbearing potential who are pregnant, breast-feeding or intend to become pregnant or inadequate contraceptive techniques during the trial period (adequate contraceptive measures are considered as intrauterine device, oral contraceptives and barrier methods)
- Previous participation in this trial (screening visit)
- Systemic drugs that may influence glycaemic control (e.g., corticosteroids)
- Known or suspected allergy to trial product(s) or related products
- Known or suspected abuse of alcohol or drug abuse
- Mental incapacity, unwillingness or language barriers precluding adequate understanding or cooperation
Show all 13Show fewer
- Previous treatment with sitagliptin
- Clinically significant, active (or over the past 12 months) disease of the gastrointestinal, neurological, genitourinary, or haematological systems
- Cardiac disease defined as: Decompensated heart failure (New York Heart class III or IV, unstable angina pectoris within the past 6 months of study enrolment, myocardial infarction within the past 12 months and a clinically significant history of arrhythmias or conduction delays on electrocardiogram (ECG) over the past 12 months
- Any other severe acute or chronic illness as judged by the Investigator
- Recurrent major hypoglycaemia (defined as severe central nervous system dysfunction associated with hypoglycaemia, requiring the assistance of another person) or hypoglycaemia unawareness (defined as a condition in which subjects no longer experience the usual warning signs of hypoglycaemia; the symptoms of hypoglycaemia may be different, less pronounced or even absent) or hospitalisation for diabetic ketoacidosis during the previous six months
- Any other conditions that the Investigator judges would interfere with trial participation or evaluation of results (i.e. planned any diagnostic or therapeutic medical intervention such as surgery)
- Participated in another clinical trial and received an investigational drug within the last 4 weeks
Trial locations and contacts
65 sites in 1 country.
65 sites in 1 country
United States65 sites
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Altoona, Pennsylvania, 16602
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Arlington, Texas, 76014
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Asheville, North Carolina, 28803
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Athens, Georgia, 30606
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Atlanta, Georgia, 30318
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Aurora, Colorado, 80045
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Baltimore, Maryland, 21204
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Berlin, New Jersey, 08009
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Boca Raton, Florida, 33433
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Bowling Green, Kentucky, 42101-1759
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Burlingame, California, 94010
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Butte, Montana, 59701
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 17015
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Chattanooga, Tennessee, 37411
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Chicago, Illinois, 60607
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Chicago, Illinois, 60616
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Colorado Springs, Colorado, 80909
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Concord, California, 94520
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Dallas, Texas, 75231
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Dayton, Ohio, 45439
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Encino, California, 91436
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Escondido, California, 92025
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Fargo, North Dakota, 58104
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Fresno, California, 93720
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Gallipolis, Ohio, 45631-1560
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Golden, Colorado, 80401
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Hollywood, Florida, 33021
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Honolulu, Hawaii, 96814
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Hurst, Texas, 76054
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Hyattsville, Maryland, 20782
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Jefferson City, Missouri, 65109
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Kettering, Ohio, 45429
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lafayette, Indiana, 47904
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89030
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89101
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lawrenceville, New Jersey, 08648
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lexington, Kentucky, 40503
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Little River, South Carolina, 29566
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Maitland, Florida, 32751
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Medford, Oregon, 97504-8491
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Mentor, Ohio, 44060
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Metairie, Louisiana, 70002
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Miami, Florida, 33143
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Miami, Florida, 33156
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53209
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Mission Viejo, California, 92691
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Ocala, Florida, 34471
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Ogden, Utah, 84403
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Omaha, Nebraska, 68114
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Orange, California, 92869
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Poway, California, 92064
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Renton, Washington, 98057
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Rockville, Maryland, 20852
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Roswell, Georgia, 30076
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Salinas, California, 93901
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
San Antonio, Texas, 78229
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Santa Monica, California, 90404
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Savannah, Georgia, 31406
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
St Louis, Missouri, 63141
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Tabor City, North Carolina, 28463
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Tallahassee, Florida, 32308
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Tustin, California, 92780
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Virginia Beach, Virginia, 23462
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Walnut Creek, California, 94598
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Wichita, Kansas, 67226
About this study
Official title: A Multi-centre, Randomised, Open-label, Cross-over Study to Explore Effectiveness, Safety, and Preference of a New Disposable Pen PDS290 Versus FlexPen® in Subjects With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes
This trial is conducted in the United States of America (USA). The aim of this clinical trial is to assess and compare the effect on blood sugar control of insulin detemir and insulin aspart or insulin detemir alone administered by a insulin pen PDS290 (FlexTouch®) versus a Novo Nordisk marketed insulin pen (FlexPen®) in subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the subject's preference of the devices will be investigated by the use of questionnaires.
- Being tested
- FlexTouch®, FlexPen®
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
FlexTouch®Device
All subjects to receive insulin detemir treatment (and if relevant insulin aspart) with either a insulin pen PDS290 (FlexTouch®) or a Novo Nordisk marketed insulin pen (FlexPen®) for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, all subjects will continue their insulin treatment with the other injection device.
FlexPen®Device
All subjects to receive insulin detemir treatment (and if relevant insulin aspart) with either a insulin pen PDS290 (FlexTouch®) or a Novo Nordisk marketed insulin pen (FlexPen®) for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, all subjects will continue their insulin treatment with the other injection device.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| PDS290 --> FlexPen® | Experimental | Subjects will receive trial drug with PDS290 for 12 weeks (treatment sequence 1) followed by FlexPen® for 12 weeks (treatment sequence 2) Receives: Device: FlexTouch®; Device: FlexPen® |
| FlexPen® --> PDS290 | Experimental | Subjects will receive trial drug with FlexPen® for 12 weeks (treatment sequence 1) followed by PDS290 for 12 weeks (treatment sequence 2) Receives: Device: FlexTouch®; Device: FlexPen® |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
HbA1c (Glycosylated Haemoglobin) for Participants Treated With PDS290 and FlexPen®
Measured: Week 12 of each treatment sequence
Secondary outcomes (7)
Percentage of Subject Having Preference for PDS290 Versus FlexPen® in Terms of Convenience and Ease of Use
Questionnaire (Niskanen Comparative Device Questionnaire) compared preference / convenience and ease of use by device specific questionnaire (summarised by scores of question 9)
Measured: Week 24
Summary Score for Treatment Satisfaction
Overall summary from Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (ITSQ) with higher scores (0-100) indicating greater satisfaction.
Measured: Week 24
Score for Treatment Impact Measure for Diabetes
Treatment Related Impact Measure for Diabetes (TRIM-D and TRIM-D device) with scores from 0-100, higher scores indicate less treatment related impact.
Measured: Week 24
Clinical Technical Complaints (CTCs)
A clinical technical complaint is any written, electronic or oral communication that alleges deficiencies related to the identity, quality, durability, reliability, safety or performance of a medical device.
Measured: Weeks 0-24 (whole trial period)
Number of Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Presented by severity: major: subject not able to treat himself; minor: plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L; symptoms only: no plasma glucose measured or above or equal to 3.1 mmol/L.
Measured: Weeks 0-12 (first treatment) and 12-24 (second treatment)
Number of Adverse Device Effects
Adverse device effects were defined as clinical technical complaints (CTCs) related to an Adverse Event/Serious Adverse Event. This was defined as an adverse unintended reaction to a medical device. This definition includes any event which is caused by an inadequate or incomplete user instruction or guide in the use of the device and any event caused by wrongful use.
Measured: From randomisation (week 0) and until 7 days after Week 24 (Visit 16)
Hypoglycaemic Episodes, Number of Events Per Subject Day
Measured: Weeks 0-12 (first treatment) and 12-24 (second treatment)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted16 Oct 2008 (estimated)
- Study startSep 2008
- Primary completionJun 2009
- Study completionJun 2009
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for DiabetesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Novo Nordisk A/SThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 242 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Novo Nordisk A/S
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Global Clinical Registry (GCR, 1452), Study director, Novo Nordisk A/S
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00773279
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- PDS290-1971
- Status last verified
- Feb 2017
- First submitted
- 14 Oct 2008
- Last updated
- 27 Mar 2017
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Wielandt JO, Niemeyer M, Hansen MR, Bucher D, Thomsen NB. An assessment of dose accuracy and injection force of a novel prefilled insulin pen: comparison with a widely used prefilled insulin pen. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2011 Oct;8(10):1271-6. doi: 10.1517/17425247.2011.615308. Epub 2011 Sep 2.
PubMed 21883036Garg S, Bailey T, DeLuzio T, Pollom D. Preference for a new prefilled insulin pen compared with the original pen. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011 Dec;27(12):2323-33. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2011.630721. Epub 2011 Oct 31.
PubMed 21988614Nadeau DA, Campos C, Niemeyer M, Bailey T. Healthcare professional and patient assessment of a new prefilled insulin pen versus two widely available prefilled insulin pens for ease of use, teaching and learning. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012 Jan;28(1):3-13. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2011.644427. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
PubMed 22114905Hemmingsen H, Niemeyer M, Hansen MR, Bucher D, Thomsen NB. A prefilled insulin pen with a novel injection mechanism and a lower injection force than other prefilled insulin pens. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2011 Dec;13(12):1207-11. doi: 10.1089/dia.2011.0110. Epub 2011 Aug 24.
PubMed 21864019Bailey T, Thurman J, Niemeyer M, Schmeisl G. Usability and preference evaluation of a prefilled insulin pen with a novel injection mechanism by people with diabetes and healthcare professionals. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011 Oct;27(10):2043-52. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2011.616190. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
PubMed 21916529Oyer D, Narendran P, Qvist M, Niemeyer M, Nadeau DA. Ease of use and preference of a new versus widely available prefilled insulin pen assessed by people with diabetes, physicians and nurses. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2011 Oct;8(10):1259-69. doi: 10.1517/17425247.2011.615830. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
PubMed 21905942
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Mar 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Multi-centre, Randomised, Open-label, Cross-over Study to Explore Effectiveness, Safety, and Preference of a New Disposable Pen PDS290 Versus FlexPen® in Subjects With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00773279
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PDS290-1971
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 242 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Novo Nordisk A/SIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- Sep 2008
- Primary completion
- Jun 2009 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jun 2009 (actual)
- First posted
- 16 Oct 2008 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 27 Mar 2017
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This trial is conducted in the United States of America (USA). The aim of this clinical trial is to assess and compare the effect on blood sugar control of insulin detemir and insulin aspart or insulin detemir alone administered by a insulin pen PDS290 (FlexTouch®) versus a Novo Nordisk marketed insulin pen (FlexPen®) in subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the subject's preference of the devices will be investigated by the use of questionnaires.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| PDS290 --> FlexPen® | Experimental | Device: FlexTouch®, Device: FlexPen®Subjects will receive trial drug with PDS290 for 12 weeks (treatment sequence 1) followed by FlexPen® for 12 weeks (treatment sequence 2) |
| FlexPen® --> PDS290 | Experimental | Device: FlexTouch®, Device: FlexPen®Subjects will receive trial drug with FlexPen® for 12 weeks (treatment sequence 1) followed by PDS290 for 12 weeks (treatment sequence 2) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Informed consent obtained before any trial-related activities
- Subjects diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. If type 2 diabetics, treatment with or without oral anti diabetic medication is allowed
- Current users of vial/syringe (pen naïve) treated with short-acting insulin (insulin aspart, glulisine or lispro) and once daily long-acting insulin (detemir or glargine) or once daily long-acting insulin (detemir or glargine) alone
- Treatment with insulin (i.e. aspart, glulisine, lispro, detemir or glargine) for at least 6 months
- Body Mass Index (BMI) less than 45.0 kg/m^2
Key exclusion criteria (13 listed)
- Females of childbearing potential who are pregnant, breast-feeding or intend to become pregnant or inadequate contraceptive techniques during the trial period (adequate contraceptive measures are considered as intrauterine device, oral contraceptives and barrier methods)
- Previous participation in this trial (screening visit)
- Systemic drugs that may influence glycaemic control (e.g., corticosteroids)
- Known or suspected allergy to trial product(s) or related products
- Known or suspected abuse of alcohol or drug abuse
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| FlexTouch®All subjects to receive insulin detemir treatment (and if relevant insulin aspart) with either a insulin pen PDS290 (FlexTouch®) or a Novo Nordisk marketed insulin pen (FlexPen®) for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, all subjects will continue their insulin treatment with the other injection device. | Device | FlexPen® --> PDS290, PDS290 --> FlexPen® |
| FlexPen®All subjects to receive insulin detemir treatment (and if relevant insulin aspart) with either a insulin pen PDS290 (FlexTouch®) or a Novo Nordisk marketed insulin pen (FlexPen®) for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, all subjects will continue their insulin treatment with the other injection device. | Device | FlexPen® --> PDS290, PDS290 --> FlexPen® |
Primary outcome
HbA1c (Glycosylated Haemoglobin) for Participants Treated With PDS290 and FlexPen®
Time frame: Week 12 of each treatment sequence
7 secondary outcomes
Percentage of Subject Having Preference for PDS290 Versus FlexPen® in Terms of Convenience and Ease of Use
Time frame: Week 24
Summary Score for Treatment Satisfaction
Time frame: Week 24
Score for Treatment Impact Measure for Diabetes
Time frame: Week 24
Clinical Technical Complaints (CTCs)
Time frame: Weeks 0-24 (whole trial period)
Number of Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Time frame: Weeks 0-12 (first treatment) and 12-24 (second treatment)
Number of Adverse Device Effects
Time frame: From randomisation (week 0) and until 7 days after Week 24 (Visit 16)
Hypoglycaemic Episodes, Number of Events Per Subject Day
Time frame: Weeks 0-12 (first treatment) and 12-24 (second treatment)
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Mar 2017.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 21883036Wielandt JO, Niemeyer M, Hansen MR, Bucher D, Thomsen NB. An assessment of dose accuracy and injection force of a novel prefilled insulin pen: comparison with a widely used prefilled insulin pen. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2011 Oct;8(10):1271-6. doi: 10.1517/17425247.2011.615308. Epub 2011 Sep 2.
- Results publication: PubMed 21988614Garg S, Bailey T, DeLuzio T, Pollom D. Preference for a new prefilled insulin pen compared with the original pen. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011 Dec;27(12):2323-33. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2011.630721. Epub 2011 Oct 31.
- Results publication: PubMed 22114905Nadeau DA, Campos C, Niemeyer M, Bailey T. Healthcare professional and patient assessment of a new prefilled insulin pen versus two widely available prefilled insulin pens for ease of use, teaching and learning. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012 Jan;28(1):3-13. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2011.644427. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
- Results publication: PubMed 21864019Hemmingsen H, Niemeyer M, Hansen MR, Bucher D, Thomsen NB. A prefilled insulin pen with a novel injection mechanism and a lower injection force than other prefilled insulin pens. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2011 Dec;13(12):1207-11. doi: 10.1089/dia.2011.0110. Epub 2011 Aug 24.
- Results publication: PubMed 21916529Bailey T, Thurman J, Niemeyer M, Schmeisl G. Usability and preference evaluation of a prefilled insulin pen with a novel injection mechanism by people with diabetes and healthcare professionals. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011 Oct;27(10):2043-52. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2011.616190. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
- Results publication: PubMed 21905942Oyer D, Narendran P, Qvist M, Niemeyer M, Nadeau DA. Ease of use and preference of a new versus widely available prefilled insulin pen assessed by people with diabetes, physicians and nurses. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2011 Oct;8(10):1259-69. doi: 10.1517/17425247.2011.615830. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
- Clinical Trials at Novo NordiskLink provided by the sponsor.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Global Clinical Registry (GCR, 1452) study director
Novo Nordisk A/S
65 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing FlexTouch® and FlexPen® in people with Diabetes and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, run by Novo Nordisk A/S at 65 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 13 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Mar 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 65 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 27 Mar 2017). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
HbA1c (Glycosylated Haemoglobin) for Participants Treated With PDS290 and FlexPen® (time frame: Week 12 of each treatment sequence). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00773279, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Mar 2017.