Type 2 DiabetesPhase 2/3Mul-DMNCT00795704
Impact of Mulberry Leaf on Type 2 Diabetes
A Phase 2/3 study testing Mulberry Leaf Extract in people with Type 2 Diabetes, run by University of Mississippi Medical Center at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether mulberry leaf extract will help control blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes. We also want to look at the safety of mulberry leaf extract in these patients. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Type 2 Diabetes
- What is being tested?
- Mulberry Leaf Extract
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Apr 2008to May 2010
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Type 2 diabetes
- No diabetes medication adjustments for at least 2 months
- Stable hemoglobin A1C [Between 7.0% to 8.0% (inclusive) and not varying by more than 10% since prior visit; If no A1C exists prior to the current visit and no medication adjustments are made, the current A1C may used as the baseline]
Who cannot join
- On insulin
- History of overt cardiovascular disease
- History of missed appointments or non-compliance with medications
- History of hepatic or renal insufficiency
- History of hemoglobinopathies
- Women of reproductive potential not on oral contraceptives
- Pregnant/nursing women.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson, Mississippi, 39216
About this study
Official title: Effect of Mulberry Leaf Extract on Glycemic Durability in Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: a Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Pilot Study (Mul-DM)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether mulberry leaf extract will help control blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes. We also want to look at the safety of mulberry leaf extract in these patients.
Read the detailed description
The methods for testing this hypothesis include: a 2-week placebo run-in, followed by a double-blind randomization into 2 groups: (1) mulberry leaf extract and (2) matching placebo. Evaluations of hemoglobin A1C (A1C) -- A measurement of blood glucose over the past 3 months -- will be done at baseline [before placebo run-in period] and 3 months. Evaluations of safety laboratories and adverse effect questionnaire will be done at 4 weeks and at 3 months following the randomization visit. Subjects will undergo a 2-week placebo run-in phase, and then will be divided into two groups: (1) mulberry leaf extract and (2) matching placebo. The subjects will ingest 1000 mg (#2 500 mg capsules) of standardized mulberry leaf extract (Nature-Gen, San Diego, CA) or matching placebo three times daily with meals for 3 months. Patients will be asked to monitor fasting morning blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial dinner blood glucose daily during the 2-week placebo run-in. To ensure compliance, only subjects compliant with both medication and monitoring instructions will be issued a 30-day supply of study medication at enrollment and the remainder at the 4-week safety visit. Each visit will consist of clinical examination, completed questionnaires, evaluation of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG), and donated blood for clinical laboratory tests. Standard recommendations for therapeutic lifestyle intervention will be given to both groups. All the clinical laboratory tests will be performed at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. All patients will receive identical 2-week placebo phase capsules, and then be randomized to each group using similar lookin
- Conditions
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Being tested
- Mulberry Leaf Extract, Placebo
- Keywords
- Herbal Supplement, Type 2 Diabetes, Mulberry, Hemoglobin A1C
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Mulberry Leaf ExtractDrug
Also called Mulberry, Morus indica L., Morus alba
Mulberry Leaf Extract 1000 mg by mouth three times daily for 3 months
PlaceboDrug
Placebo 500 mg #2 capsules by mouth three times daily
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Control Group Receives: Drug: Placebo |
| Mulberry Leaf Extract | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Drug: Mulberry Leaf Extract |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Hemoglobin A1C
Measured: 3 month minus baseline
Secondary outcomes (2)
Number of Participants With Adverse Drug Reactions, Abnormal Metabolic Panel Levels, or Abnormal Liver Enzyme Levels
Sodium (>150 mmol/L), Potassium (>5 mmol/L), Bicarbonate (>34 mmol/L), Chloride (>110 mmol/L), Serum Creatinine (>1.2 mg/dL), Blood Urea Nitrogen (24 mg/dL), Calcium (>11 mg/L), Alanine Aminotransferase (>3 times baseline), Aspartate Aminotransferase (>3 times baseline) were collected at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months. Self-Reported adverse drug reactions are also reported.
Measured: Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Change From Baseline in Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose (SMBG) Averages
2-hour postprandial SMBG reported. A negative value indicates a decrease from baseline. A positive value indicates an increase from baseline.
Measured: Baseline and 3 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Nov 2008 (estimated)
- Study startApr 2008
- Primary completionMay 2010
- Study completionMay 2010
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Type 2 DiabetesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Mississippi Medical Center
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Daniel Riche, University of Mississippi Medical Center
- Investigators
- Daniel M Riche, Pharm.D., Principal investigator, University of Mississippi Medical Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00795704
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2008-0053
- Acronym
- Mul-DM
- Status last verified
- Jun 2012
- First submitted
- 19 Nov 2008
- Last updated
- 9 Aug 2012
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Andallu B, Varadacharyulu NC. Gluconeogenic substrates and hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes in streptozotocin-diabetic rats: effect of mulberry (Morus indica L.) leaves. J Med Food. 2007 Mar;10(1):41-8. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2005.034.
PubMed 17472465Mudra M, Ercan-Fang N, Zhong L, Furne J, Levitt M. Influence of mulberry leaf extract on the blood glucose and breath hydrogen response to ingestion of 75 g sucrose by type 2 diabetic and control subjects. Diabetes Care. 2007 May;30(5):1272-4. doi: 10.2337/dc06-2120. Epub 2007 Feb 15. No abstract available.
PubMed 17303787Hansawasdi C, Kawabata J. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect of mulberry (Morus alba) leaves on Caco-2. Fitoterapia. 2006 Dec;77(7-8):568-73. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2006.09.003. Epub 2006 Sep 22.
PubMed 17071014Zhong L, Furne JK, Levitt MD. An extract of black, green, and mulberry teas causes malabsorption of carbohydrate but not of triacylglycerol in healthy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Sep;84(3):551-5. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/84.3.551.
PubMed 16960168Riche DM, Riche KD, East HE, Barrett EK, May WL. Impact of mulberry leaf extract on type 2 diabetes (Mul-DM): A randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study. Complement Ther Med. 2017 Jun;32:105-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.04.006. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
PubMed 28619294
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Aug 2012. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Mulberry Leaf Extract on Glycemic Durability in Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: a Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Pilot Study (Mul-DM)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00795704
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Mul-DM / 2008-0053
- Conditions
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Keywords
- Herbal Supplement, Type 2 Diabetes, Mulberry, Hemoglobin A1C
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Mississippi Medical CenterUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Apr 2008
- Primary completion
- May 2010 (actual)
- Study completion
- May 2010 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Nov 2008 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 9 Aug 2012
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether mulberry leaf extract will help control blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes. We also want to look at the safety of mulberry leaf extract in these patients.
Detailed description
The methods for testing this hypothesis include: a 2-week placebo run-in, followed by a double-blind randomization into 2 groups: (1) mulberry leaf extract and (2) matching placebo. Evaluations of hemoglobin A1C (A1C) -- A measurement of blood glucose over the past 3 months -- will be done at baseline [before placebo run-in period] and 3 months. Evaluations of safety laboratories and adverse effect questionnaire will be done at 4 weeks and at 3 months following the randomization visit. Subjects will undergo a 2-week placebo run-in phase, and then will be divided into two groups: (1) mulberry leaf extract and (2) matching placebo. The subjects will ingest 1000 mg (#2 500 mg capsules) of standardized mulberry leaf extract (Nature-Gen, San Diego, CA) or matching placebo three times daily with meals for 3 months. Patients will be asked to monitor fasting morning blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial dinner blood glucose daily during the 2-week placebo run-in. To ensure compliance, only subjects compliant with both medication and monitoring instructions will be issued a 30-day supply of study medication at enrollment and the remainder at the 4-week safety visit. Each visit will consist of clinical examination, completed questionnaires, evaluation of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG), and donated blood for clinical laboratory tests. Standard recommendations for therapeutic lifestyle intervention will be given to both groups. All the clinical laboratory tests will be performed at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. All patients will receive identical 2-week placebo phase capsules, and then be randomized to each group using similar lookin
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlaceboControl Group |
| Mulberry Leaf Extract | Active comparator | Drug: Mulberry Leaf Extract |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Type 2 diabetes
- No diabetes medication adjustments for at least 2 months
- Stable hemoglobin A1C [Between 7.0% to 8.0% (inclusive) and not varying by more than 10% since prior visit; If no A1C exists prior to the current visit and no medication adjustments are made, the current A1C may used as the baseline]
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- On insulin
- History of overt cardiovascular disease
- History of missed appointments or non-compliance with medications
- History of hepatic or renal insufficiency
- History of hemoglobinopathies
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Mulberry Leaf ExtractAlso: Mulberry, Morus indica L., Morus albaMulberry Leaf Extract 1000 mg by mouth three times daily for 3 months | Drug | Mulberry Leaf Extract |
| PlaceboPlacebo 500 mg #2 capsules by mouth three times daily | Drug | Placebo |
Primary outcome
Hemoglobin A1C
Time frame: 3 month minus baseline
2 secondary outcomes
Number of Participants With Adverse Drug Reactions, Abnormal Metabolic Panel Levels, or Abnormal Liver Enzyme Levels
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Change From Baseline in Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose (SMBG) Averages
Time frame: Baseline and 3 months
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Aug 2012.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 17472465Andallu B, Varadacharyulu NC. Gluconeogenic substrates and hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes in streptozotocin-diabetic rats: effect of mulberry (Morus indica L.) leaves. J Med Food. 2007 Mar;10(1):41-8. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2005.034.
- Background: PubMed 17303787Mudra M, Ercan-Fang N, Zhong L, Furne J, Levitt M. Influence of mulberry leaf extract on the blood glucose and breath hydrogen response to ingestion of 75 g sucrose by type 2 diabetic and control subjects. Diabetes Care. 2007 May;30(5):1272-4. doi: 10.2337/dc06-2120. Epub 2007 Feb 15. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 17071014Hansawasdi C, Kawabata J. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect of mulberry (Morus alba) leaves on Caco-2. Fitoterapia. 2006 Dec;77(7-8):568-73. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2006.09.003. Epub 2006 Sep 22.
- Background: PubMed 16960168Zhong L, Furne JK, Levitt MD. An extract of black, green, and mulberry teas causes malabsorption of carbohydrate but not of triacylglycerol in healthy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Sep;84(3):551-5. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/84.3.551.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 28619294Riche DM, Riche KD, East HE, Barrett EK, May WL. Impact of mulberry leaf extract on type 2 diabetes (Mul-DM): A randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study. Complement Ther Med. 2017 Jun;32:105-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.04.006. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Daniel M Riche, Pharm.D. principal investigator
University of Mississippi Medical Center
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2/3 study testing Mulberry Leaf Extract in people with Type 2 Diabetes, run by University of Mississippi Medical Center at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Aug 2012. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this combined phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 9 Aug 2012). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Hemoglobin A1C (time frame: 3 month minus baseline). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00795704, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Aug 2012.