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Prostate CancerNCT00798876

Low-Fat Fish Oil Diet for Prostate Cancer Prevention

A study testing Fish Oil, Vitamin E supplement and Western Diet in people with Prostate Cancer, run by Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at 2 sites in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Studies on patterns of how many men get prostate cancer in other countries show that environment contributes to the high incidence of prostate cancer in the United States. Epidemiology studies suggest that this influence may be reduced by the diet of men at risk of getting prostate cancer. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 40 to 75 years, men only
Conditions the study is for
Prostate Cancer
What is being tested?
Fish Oil, Vitamin E supplement and Western Diet
Type of treatment
Surgery or procedure
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
56 participants
Where
2 sitesUnited States
Study dates
18 Dec 2001to 12 Feb 2018
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 40 to 75 years
  • Men only
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Eligibility Criteria:

  • Patient consents to participate.
  • Medically able to receive and comply with the diet.
  • Lives near enough for counseling and follow-up.
  • Has elected to have operation to remove prostate.
  • Agrees to stop diet or vitamin supplements or herbal supplements for 1 week before the study begins.
  • Patient able to stop taking aspirin, COX-2 inhibitors, and other anti-inflammatory medications for 1 week before study start.
  • Patient able to safely stop taking fish oil capsules 2 weeks before the diet starts.

Trial locations and contacts

2 sites in 1 country.

United States2 sites
  • West Los Angeles VA

    Los Angeles, California, 90073

  • UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center

    Los Angeles, California, 90095

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Comparison Study of a Low-Fat Diet Supplemented With Fish Oil and a Standard Western Diet in Individuals With Prostate Cancer

Studies on patterns of how many men get prostate cancer in other countries show that environment contributes to the high incidence of prostate cancer in the United States. Epidemiology studies suggest that this influence may be reduced by the diet of men at risk of getting prostate cancer. Although the exact nature of the effects of diet are not completely known, the amount of fat eaten appears to affect the number of men who get prostate cancer. The type of fat also seems to matter. Eating more of a type of fat called omega-3 polyunsaturated fat is associated with decreased prostate cancer risk. Omega-3 fat comes from fish and is quite different from the type of fat from animals and vegetables (omega-6 fat). Because the exact mechanism of this reduction in prostate cancer risk is not known, no blood test indications, called markers, have been discovered that would show the effect working.

Study doctors designed this study to try to find markers in the blood tests of men who have prostate cancer, and to find out if a diet supplemented with omega-3 type fat from fish oil helps reduce those markers, hence indicating that it helps reduce the cancer in these men. These men will be compared to men with prostate cancer whose diets do not contain the fish-oil fat.

The men chosen will have prostate cancer and be scheduled for operations to have their prostate glands removed. They will be chosen randomly to be given the fish-oil diet or a regular Western diet for comparison for 4 to 8 weeks. Their blood will be checked at the beginning of the diet. After the 4-to-8-week period, they will have their operations. Their blood will be checked again and a sample of their removed prostate will be examined to tell if the diet had any effect on the cancer and its markers.

Read the detailed description
  1. To establish and validate intermediate biomarkers for prostate cancer prevention trials by conducting a dietary intervention trial of a low-fat diet with omega-3 fatty acid supplements in men undergoing radical prostatectomy. In initial trials it was feasible to intervene with diet and obtain tissue and serum for bioassay and biomarker development. This aim is to study the effect a low-fat, high omega-3 diet has on serum and tissue biomarkers from patients who have prostatectomies for prostate cancer. Ultimately, we hope to identify and validate intermediate markers of efficacy for large-scale dietary prevention trials.
  2. To establish and validate insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP) as relevant intermediate biomarkers for prostate cancer prevention trials. IGF-1 is a peptide growth factor that is important to the growth and progression of prostate cancer. To our knowledge, no prospective dietary intervention studies have evaluated the effect of a low-fat diet with omega-3 fatty acid supplements on IGF-1 and IGFBPs, and their potential to serve as relevant intermediate markers for low-fat dietary intervention trials for prostate cancer prevention.
  3. To establish and validate serum and tissue fatty acids as relevant intermediate biomarkers for prostate cancer prevention trials. We will evaluate if men randomized to a low-fat, fish-oil-supplemented diet have increased serum ratios of omega-3:omega-6 fatty acids compared with men randomized to a control Western diet before radical prostatectomy. We also will study if patients in the low-fat, fish oil arm have increased ratios of membrane omega-3:omega-6 fatty acids as well as decreased COX-2 and decreased PGE-2 levels in benign and malignant tissue and in visceral fat. If so, it will proved further evidence to support the potential of low-fat fish oil diets for prostate cancer prevention. If serum omega-3:omega-6 ratios correlate with changes in COX-2 and PGE-2 in tissues, then serum omea-3:omega-6 ratios may be useful for monitoring activity and efficacy of low-fat fish-oil-supplemented diets in future trials.
Conditions
Prostate Cancer
Being tested
Fish Oil, Vitamin E supplement, Western Diet, Low-Fat Diet, Medical Examination
Medical subject headings
Prostatic Neoplasms

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Fish OilDietary supplement

    Subjects will be asked to take 10 grams of fish oil per day for 4 weeks.

  • Vitamin E supplementDietary supplement

    Subjects will be asked to take 800 International Units per day of Vitamin E for 4 weeks.

  • Western DietDietary supplement

    Subjects will be provided with a standard western diet, food and beverages, to consume during their 4 week participation in this study.

  • Low-Fat DietDietary supplement

    Subjects will be provided with a low-fat diet (food and beverages) for their 4 week participation in this study.

  • Medical ExaminationOther

    Subjects will have a routine medical exam.

  • Dietary InterviewOther

    Subjects will meet with the study nutritionist and have their current diet evaluated. Subjects will also undergo a test (bioimpedance) to estimate their body fat, lean weight, and the rate at which their body burns fat.

  • Blood DrawOther

    40 mL of blood will be drawn from subjects to measure PSA, fatty acids, insulin and various hormones.

  • Radical ProstatectomyProcedure or surgery

    Subjects will undergo a radical prostatectomy as part of their standard of care.

Study groups in NCT00798876
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Standard Western DietPlacebo comparatorSubjects will be asked to consume a standard Western Diet for 4 weeks. For the 4-week period, subjects will be provided with all food and beverages. Subjects will also undergo a medical examination, dietary interview, blood draw, and radical prostatectomy(as part of standard of care).
Receives: Dietary Supplement: Western Diet; Other: Medical Examination; Other: Dietary Interview; Other: Blood Draw; Procedure: Radical Prostatectomy
Low-Fat DietExperimentalSubjects will be asked to consume a low fat diet with fish oil and vitamin E supplements for 4 weeks. For the 4-week period, subjects will be provided with all food and beverages. Subjects will also undergo a medical examination, dietary interview, blood draw, and radical prostatectomy(as part of standard of care).
Receives: Dietary Supplement: Fish Oil; Dietary Supplement: Vitamin E supplement; Dietary Supplement: Low-Fat Diet; Other: Medical Examination; Other: Dietary Interview; Other: Blood Draw; Procedure: Radical Prostatectomy

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. check for insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP) as relevant intermediate biomarkers for prostate cancer

    Measured: 4 weeks

Secondary outcomes (1)
  1. Check serum and tissue fatty acids as relevant intermediate biomarkers for prostate cancer

    Measured: 4 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted26 Nov 2008 (estimated)
  2. Study start18 Dec 2001
  3. Primary completion12 Feb 2018
  4. Study completion12 Feb 2018

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Diagnosis
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
56 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT00798876
Sponsor's protocol ID
01-07-026
Other IDs
P50CA092131-01A1, 11-002610
Status last verified
May 2019
First submitted
25 Nov 2008
Last updated
7 May 2019
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes

Publications

  • Landis SH, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA. Cancer statistics, 1999. CA Cancer J Clin. 1999 Jan-Feb;49(1):8-31, 1. doi: 10.3322/canjclin.49.1.8.

    PubMed 10200775
  • Parkin DM, Pisani P, Ferlay J. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 1999 Jan-Feb;49(1):33-64, 1. doi: 10.3322/canjclin.49.1.33.

    PubMed 10200776
  • Muir CS, Nectoux J, Staszewski J. The epidemiology of prostatic cancer. Geographical distribution and time-trends. Acta Oncol. 1991;30(2):133-40. doi: 10.3109/02841869109092336.

    PubMed 2029395
  • Yatani R, Kusano I, Shiraishi T, Hayashi T, Stemmermann GN. Latent prostatic carcinoma: pathological and epidemiological aspects. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1989 Dec;19(4):319-26.

    PubMed 2691730
  • Shimizu H, Ross RK, Bernstein L, Yatani R, Henderson BE, Mack TM. Cancers of the prostate and breast among Japanese and white immigrants in Los Angeles County. Br J Cancer. 1991 Jun;63(6):963-6. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1991.210.

    PubMed 2069852
  • Stellman SD, Wang QS. Cancer mortality in Chinese immigrants to New York City. Comparison with Chinese in Tianjin and with United States-born whites. Cancer. 1994 Feb 15;73(4):1270-5. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19940215)73:43.0.co;2-y.

    PubMed 8313330
  • Cook LS, Goldoft M, Schwartz SM, Weiss NS. Incidence of adenocarcinoma of the prostate in Asian immigrants to the United States and their descendants. J Urol. 1999 Jan;161(1):152-5.

    PubMed 10037388
  • Whittemore AS, Kolonel LN, Wu AH, John EM, Gallagher RP, Howe GR, Burch JD, Hankin J, Dreon DM, West DW, et al. Prostate cancer in relation to diet, physical activity, and body size in blacks, whites, and Asians in the United States and Canada. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 May 3;87(9):652-61. doi: 10.1093/jnci/87.9.652.

    PubMed 7752270
  • Boyle P, Levi F, Lucchini F, La Vecchia C, Kevi R [corrected to Levi F], Lucchuni F [corrected to Lucchini F]. Trends in diet-related cancers in Japan: a conundrum? Lancet. 1993 Sep 18;342(8873):752. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)91748-b. No abstract available.

    PubMed 8103867
  • Wynder EL, Fujita Y, Harris RE, Hirayama T, Hiyama T. Comparative epidemiology of cancer between the United States and Japan. A second look. Cancer. 1991 Feb 1;67(3):746-63. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19910201)67:33.0.co;2-1.

    PubMed 1985768
  • Giovannucci E, Rimm EB, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, Ascherio A, Chute CG, Willett WC. A prospective study of dietary fat and risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Oct 6;85(19):1571-9. doi: 10.1093/jnci/85.19.1571.

    PubMed 8105097
  • West DW, Slattery ML, Robison LM, French TK, Mahoney AW. Adult dietary intake and prostate cancer risk in Utah: a case-control study with special emphasis on aggressive tumors. Cancer Causes Control. 1991 Mar;2(2):85-94. doi: 10.1007/BF00053126.

    PubMed 1873441
  • Kolonel LN, Yoshizawa CN, Hankin JH. Diet and prostatic cancer: a case-control study in Hawaii. Am J Epidemiol. 1988 May;127(5):999-1012. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114903.

    PubMed 3358418
  • Fradet Y, Meyer F, Bairati I, Shadmani R, Moore L. Dietary fat and prostate cancer progression and survival. Eur Urol. 1999;35(5-6):388-91. doi: 10.1159/000019913.

    PubMed 10325493
  • Wang Y, Corr JG, Thaler HT, Tao Y, Fair WR, Heston WD. Decreased growth of established human prostate LNCaP tumors in nude mice fed a low-fat diet. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 Oct 4;87(19):1456-62. doi: 10.1093/jnci/87.19.1456.

    PubMed 7545759

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Fish Oil, Vitamin E supplement and Western Diet in people with Prostate Cancer, run by Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at 2 sites in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 May 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

check for insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP) as relevant intermediate biomarkers for prostate cancer (time frame: 4 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00798876, which also lists 70 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 May 2019.

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