NeuroblastomaPhase 1/2NCT00911560
Bivalent Vaccine With Escalating Doses of the Immunological Adjuvant OPT-821, in Combination With Oral β-glucan for High-Risk Neuroblastoma
A Phase 1/2 study testing adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH and oral β-glucan in people with Neuroblastoma, run by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
In the first part of this study we found the highest dose of the vaccine that did not have too many side effects. We are now trying to find out what effects the vaccine has when given at the same dose to all patients. The main treatment in this protocol is a vaccine. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages Up to 21 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Neuroblastoma
- What is being tested?
- adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH and oral β-glucan
- Type of treatment
- Vaccines, Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 374 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 27 May 2009to 3 Aug 2026
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Up to 21 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Diagnosis of neuroblastoma (NB) as defined by international criteria,[104] i.e., histopathology (confirmed by the MSKCC Department of Pathology) or bone marrow metastases plus high urine catecholamine levels.
- High-risk NB as defined by risk-related treatment guidelines and the International NB Staging System,[104] i.e., stage 4 with MYCN amplification (any age) stage 4 >18 months old.
- High-risk NB (as defined above) and in 1) first CR at 6 ≥ months from initiation of immunotherapy using anti-GD2 antibody, or 2) second or subsequent remission. Remission is defined as complete (CR) remission, according to the International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria.[104] Urine catecholamine levels are no longer taken into consideration when staging.
- Absolute lymphocyte count ≥ 500/mcl and absolute neutrophil count ≥ 500/mcl.
- Patients with grade 3 toxicities or less using the Common Toxicity Criteria (Version 3.0) developed by the National Cancer Institute of the USA (CTCAE v3.0) related to cardiac, neurological, pulmonary, renal, hepatic or gastrointestinal function as determined by blood tests or physical exam.
- ALT, AST and Alkaline Phosphatase ≤ 2.5 times the upper limit of normal
Show all 10Show fewer
- Prior treatment with other immunotherapy, including antibodies, is allowed
- ≥ 3 weeks and no more than 6 months (<180 days) between completion of systemic therapy and 1st vaccination.
- Patients previously enrolled on this trial are eligible for repeat enrollment but will be assigned to treatment as per the control arm (Group 1) and will not be included in the biostatistical analyses.
- Signed informed consent indicating awareness of the investigational nature of this program.
Who cannot join
- History of allergy to KLH, QS-21, OPT-821, or glucan.
- Active life-threatening infection.
- Inability to comply with protocol requirements.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York, 10065
About this study
Official title: Phase I/II Trial of a Bivalent Vaccine With Escalating Doses of the Immunological Adjuvant OPT-821, in Combination With Oral β-glucan for High-Risk Neuroblastoma
In the first part of this study we found the highest dose of the vaccine that did not have too many side effects. We are now trying to find out what effects the vaccine has when given at the same dose to all patients. The main treatment in this protocol is a vaccine. It is called a " bivalent vaccine" which means it has 2 antigens. An antigen is a specific protein on the surface of a cell. The antigens are called GD2L and GD3L.
We want the vaccine to cause the patient's immune system to make antibodies against the antigens. Antibodies are made by the body to attack cancer (and to fight infections). If the patient can make antibodies against the 2 antigens in the vaccine, those antibodies might also attach to neuroblastoma cells because a lot of each antigen is on neuroblastoma (and very little on other parts of the body). Then, the attached antibodies would attract the patient's white blood cells to kill the neuroblastoma. This protocol also uses β-glucan which is a kind of sugar from yeast. β-glucan is taken by mouth and can help white blood cells kill cancer. The best way to get the body to make antibodies against the 2 antigens is to link each antigen to a protein called KLH (which stands for: keyhole limpet hemocyanin) and to mix them with a substance called QS-21. But it is hard to get enough QS-21 so we are using an identical substance called OPT-821, which we can get easily in large amounts for use in patients.
Read the detailed description
The phase II treatment schema for patients in 1st CR or ≥ 2nd CR will be the same for the vaccine as in phase I except OPT-821 will be given at a fixed dose of 150 mcg/ m^2 and with no DLT assessment. Patients will be randomized to starting oral β-glucan in week 1 or in week 6.
- Conditions
- Neuroblastoma
- Being tested
- adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH, oral β-glucan
- Keywords
- BETA-D-GLUCAN, OPT-821, GD2-KLH, GD3-KLH, QS 21, Vaccine, 05-075
- Medical subject headings
- Neuroblastoma
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLHBiological
Pts receive a total of 7 subcutaneous injections, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 8, 20, 32, \& 52. Minor schedule adjustments are permitted, as needed. Vaccines must occur a minimum of 6 days apart. Induction of antibody response against the target antigens will be assessed. A fixed dose of oral β-glucan (40 mg/kg/day) is started at week 6 or 7(to allow time for generation of antibodies), \& continued as approximately 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off, up to 1 cycle after the last vaccination. Neutrophils will be tested for glucan effects on cytotoxicity. Antineuroblastoma activity will be monitored using standard radiographic \& bone marrow studies, as well as RT-PCR for measurement of minimal residual disease in blood \& bone marrow. Phase II treatment schema for patients in 1st CR/VGPR or >2nd CR/VGPR will be the same for the vaccine as in phase I except OPT-821 will be given at a fixed dose of 150 mcg/m2.
oral β-glucanBiological
Phase II Patients will be randomized to starting oral β-glucan (40 mg/kg/day) in week 1 or in week 6.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| vaccine group one | Experimental | Patients will receive a total of 7 subcutaneous injections, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 8 , 20 , 32 , and 52. Minor schedule adjus tment s are permitted , as needed Vaccines must occur a inimum of 6 days apart. The last three vaccine s can be administered up to one week earlier or later than indicated without representing a protocol violation.Patients assigned to in Group 1 will receive o ral β glucan (40 mg/kg/day) starting at week 6 or 7 and continue with approximately 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off, up to 1 cycle after the last vaccination . Receives: Biological: adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH; Biological: oral β-glucan |
| vaccine group two | Experimental | Patients will receive a total of 7 subcutaneous injections, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 8 , 20 , 32 , and 52. Minor schedule adjus tment s are permitted , as needed Vaccines must occur a minimum of 6 days apart. The last three vaccine s can be administered up to one week earlier or later than indicated without representing a protocol violation.Patients assigned to Group 2 will receive oral β glucan (40 mg/kg/day) starting week 1 and continue with approximately 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off, up to 1 cycle after the last vaccination . Receives: Biological: adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH; Biological: oral β-glucan |
| vaccine group three | Experimental | Patients will receive a total of 7 subcutaneous injections, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 8 , 20 , 32 , and 52. Minor schedule adjus tment s are permitted , as needed Vaccines must occur a minimum of 6 days apart. The last three vaccine s can be administered up to one week earlier or later than indicated without representing a protocol violation.Group 3 will include patients who have previously received vaccine and oral β glucanglucan. Patients in this group will not be randomized using the MSK CRDB system. They will be treated as patients in Group 1 and receive o ral β glucan (40 mg/kg/day) starting at week 6 or 7 and continue with approximately 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off, up to 1 cycle after the last vaccination . They will not be eligible for primary endpoint. Receives: Biological: adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH; Biological: oral β-glucan |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
To determine the maximally tolerated dose of OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens abundantly expressed on neuroblastoma. (PHASE I)
Measured: 2 years
To assess anti-NB activity of the bivalent vaccine plus oral β-glucan in patients who are enrolled with evidence of minimal residual disease (MRD) by molecular biological testing of bone marrow. (PHASE II)
Measured: 2 years
To prove the adjuvant effect of oral beta-glucan on anti-GD2 antibody titer among patients who are in first or second (or later) complete
Measured: 2 years
Secondary outcomes (4)
To obtain preliminary data on whether subcutaneous administration of the bivalent vaccine produces an immune response directed against the target antigens in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. (PHASE I)
Measured: 2 years
To obtain preliminary data on the anti-neuroblastoma activity of the bivalent vaccine plus oral β-glucan in patients, including measuring the molecular response in blood and bone marrow. (PHASE I)
Measured: 2 years
To obtain data on the immune response directed against the target NB-associated antigens in patients as induced by the subcutaneous administration of the bivalent vaccine. (PHASE II)
Measured: 2 years
To assess FcRIIa, FcRIIIa, CR3 and CD18 gene polymorphism of leukocytes (effector cells), with a view towards a possible association with outcome. (PHASE II)
Measured: 2 years
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Jun 2009 (estimated)
- Study start27 May 2009
- Primary completion3 Aug 2026
- Study completion3 Aug 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for NeuroblastomaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 374 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Y-mAbs Therapeutics
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Brian Kushner, MD, Principal investigator, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00911560
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 05-075
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 29 May 2009
- Last updated
- 5 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
Publications
Cheung IY, Mauguen A, Modak S, Ragupathi G, Basu EM, Roberts SS, Kushner BH, Cheung NK. Effect of Oral beta-Glucan on Antibody Response to Ganglioside Vaccine in Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2023 Feb 1;9(2):242-250. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.5999.
PubMed 36547975Cheung IY, Cheung NV, Modak S, Mauguen A, Feng Y, Basu E, Roberts SS, Ragupathi G, Kushner BH. Survival Impact of Anti-GD2 Antibody Response in a Phase II Ganglioside Vaccine Trial Among Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma With Prior Disease Progression. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Jan 20;39(3):215-226. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.01892. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
PubMed 33326254Kushner BH, Cheung IY, Modak S, Kramer K, Ragupathi G, Cheung NK. Phase I trial of a bivalent gangliosides vaccine in combination with beta-glucan for high-risk neuroblastoma in second or later remission. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Mar 1;20(5):1375-82. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-1012. Epub 2014 Feb 11.
PubMed 24520094
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Phase I/II Trial of a Bivalent Vaccine With Escalating Doses of the Immunological Adjuvant OPT-821, in Combination With Oral β-glucan for High-Risk Neuroblastoma
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00911560
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 05-075
- Conditions
- Neuroblastoma
- Keywords
- BETA-D-GLUCAN, OPT-821, GD2-KLH, GD3-KLH, QS 21, Vaccine, 05-075
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 374 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Y-mAbs Therapeutics
- Study start
- 27 May 2009 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 3 Aug 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 2 Jun 2009 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
In the first part of this study we found the highest dose of the vaccine that did not have too many side effects. We are now trying to find out what effects the vaccine has when given at the same dose to all patients. The main treatment in this protocol is a vaccine. It is called a " bivalent vaccine" which means it has 2 antigens. An antigen is a specific protein on the surface of a cell. The antigens are called GD2L and GD3L.
We want the vaccine to cause the patient's immune system to make antibodies against the antigens. Antibodies are made by the body to attack cancer (and to fight infections). If the patient can make antibodies against the 2 antigens in the vaccine, those antibodies might also attach to neuroblastoma cells because a lot of each antigen is on neuroblastoma (and very little on other parts of the body). Then, the attached antibodies would attract the patient's white blood cells to kill the neuroblastoma. This protocol also uses β-glucan which is a kind of sugar from yeast. β-glucan is taken by mouth and can help white blood cells kill cancer. The best way to get the body to make antibodies against the 2 antigens is to link each antigen to a protein called KLH (which stands for: keyhole limpet hemocyanin) and to mix them with a substance called QS-21. But it is hard to get enough QS-21 so we are using an identical substance called OPT-821, which we can get easily in large amounts for use in patients.
Detailed description
The phase II treatment schema for patients in 1st CR or ≥ 2nd CR will be the same for the vaccine as in phase I except OPT-821 will be given at a fixed dose of 150 mcg/ m^2 and with no DLT assessment. Patients will be randomized to starting oral β-glucan in week 1 or in week 6.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| vaccine group one | Experimental | Biological: adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH, Biological: oral β-glucanPatients will receive a total of 7 subcutaneous injections, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 8 , 20 , 32 , and 52. Minor schedule adjus tment s are permitted , as needed Vaccines must occur a inimum of 6 days apart. The last three vaccine s can be administered up to one week earlier or later than indicated without representing a protocol violation.Patients assigned to in Group 1 will receive o ral β glucan (40 mg/kg/day) starting at week 6 or 7 and continue with approximately 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off, up to 1 cycle after the last vaccination . |
| vaccine group two | Experimental | Biological: adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH, Biological: oral β-glucanPatients will receive a total of 7 subcutaneous injections, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 8 , 20 , 32 , and 52. Minor schedule adjus tment s are permitted , as needed Vaccines must occur a minimum of 6 days apart. The last three vaccine s can be administered up to one week earlier or later than indicated without representing a protocol violation.Patients assigned to Group 2 will receive oral β glucan (40 mg/kg/day) starting week 1 and continue with approximately 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off, up to 1 cycle after the last vaccination . |
| vaccine group three | Experimental | Biological: adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH, Biological: oral β-glucanPatients will receive a total of 7 subcutaneous injections, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 8 , 20 , 32 , and 52. Minor schedule adjus tment s are permitted , as needed Vaccines must occur a minimum of 6 days apart. The last three vaccine s can be administered up to one week earlier or later than indicated without representing a protocol violation.Group 3 will include patients who have previously received vaccine and oral β glucanglucan. Patients in this group will not be randomized using the MSK CRDB system. They will be treated as patients in Group 1 and receive o ral β glucan (40 mg/kg/day) starting at week 6 or 7 and continue with approximately 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off, up to 1 cycle after the last vaccination . They will not be eligible for primary endpoint. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- Up to 21 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Diagnosis of neuroblastoma (NB) as defined by international criteria,[104] i.e., histopathology (confirmed by the MSKCC Department of Pathology) or bone marrow metastases plus high urine catecholamine levels.
- High-risk NB as defined by risk-related treatment guidelines and the International NB Staging System,[104] i.e., stage 4 with MYCN amplification (any age) stage 4 >18 months old.
- High-risk NB (as defined above) and in 1) first CR at 6 ≥ months from initiation of immunotherapy using anti-GD2 antibody, or 2) second or subsequent remission. Remission is defined as complete (CR) remission, according to the International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria.[104] Urine catecholamine levels are no longer taken into consideration when staging.
- Absolute lymphocyte count ≥ 500/mcl and absolute neutrophil count ≥ 500/mcl.
- Patients with grade 3 toxicities or less using the Common Toxicity Criteria (Version 3.0) developed by the National Cancer Institute of the USA (CTCAE v3.0) related to cardiac, neurological, pulmonary, renal, hepatic or gastrointestinal function as determined by blood tests or physical exam.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- History of allergy to KLH, QS-21, OPT-821, or glucan.
- Active life-threatening infection.
- Inability to comply with protocol requirements.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLHPts receive a total of 7 subcutaneous injections, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 8, 20, 32, \& 52. Minor schedule adjustments are permitted, as needed. Vaccines must occur a minimum of 6 days apart. Induction of antibody response against the target antigens will be assessed. A fixed dose of oral β-glucan (40 mg/kg/day) is started at week 6 or 7(to allow time for generation of antibodies), \& continued as approximately 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off, up to 1 cycle after the last vaccination. Neutrophils will be tested for glucan effects on cytotoxicity. Antineuroblastoma activity will be monitored using standard radiographic \& bone marrow studies, as well as RT-PCR for measurement of minimal residual disease in blood \& bone marrow. Phase II treatment schema for patients in 1st CR/VGPR or >2nd CR/VGPR will be the same for the vaccine as in phase I except OPT-821 will be given at a fixed dose of 150 mcg/m2. | Biological | vaccine group one, vaccine group three, vaccine group two |
| oral β-glucanPhase II Patients will be randomized to starting oral β-glucan (40 mg/kg/day) in week 1 or in week 6. | Biological | vaccine group one, vaccine group three, vaccine group two |
Primary outcome
To determine the maximally tolerated dose of OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens abundantly expressed on neuroblastoma. (PHASE I)
Time frame: 2 years
To assess anti-NB activity of the bivalent vaccine plus oral β-glucan in patients who are enrolled with evidence of minimal residual disease (MRD) by molecular biological testing of bone marrow. (PHASE II)
Time frame: 2 years
To prove the adjuvant effect of oral beta-glucan on anti-GD2 antibody titer among patients who are in first or second (or later) complete
Time frame: 2 years
4 secondary outcomes
To obtain preliminary data on whether subcutaneous administration of the bivalent vaccine produces an immune response directed against the target antigens in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. (PHASE I)
Time frame: 2 years
To obtain preliminary data on the anti-neuroblastoma activity of the bivalent vaccine plus oral β-glucan in patients, including measuring the molecular response in blood and bone marrow. (PHASE I)
Time frame: 2 years
To obtain data on the immune response directed against the target NB-associated antigens in patients as induced by the subcutaneous administration of the bivalent vaccine. (PHASE II)
Time frame: 2 years
To assess FcRIIa, FcRIIIa, CR3 and CD18 gene polymorphism of leukocytes (effector cells), with a view towards a possible association with outcome. (PHASE II)
Time frame: 2 years
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Aug 2026.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 36547975Cheung IY, Mauguen A, Modak S, Ragupathi G, Basu EM, Roberts SS, Kushner BH, Cheung NK. Effect of Oral beta-Glucan on Antibody Response to Ganglioside Vaccine in Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2023 Feb 1;9(2):242-250. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.5999.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 33326254Cheung IY, Cheung NV, Modak S, Mauguen A, Feng Y, Basu E, Roberts SS, Ragupathi G, Kushner BH. Survival Impact of Anti-GD2 Antibody Response in a Phase II Ganglioside Vaccine Trial Among Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma With Prior Disease Progression. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Jan 20;39(3):215-226. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.01892. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 24520094Kushner BH, Cheung IY, Modak S, Kramer K, Ragupathi G, Cheung NK. Phase I trial of a bivalent gangliosides vaccine in combination with beta-glucan for high-risk neuroblastoma in second or later remission. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Mar 1;20(5):1375-82. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-1012. Epub 2014 Feb 11.
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterLink provided by the sponsor.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Brian Kushner, MD principal investigator
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1/2 study testing adjuvant OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens (GD2L and GD3L) covalently linked to KLH and oral β-glucan in people with Neuroblastoma, run by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this combined phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
To determine the maximally tolerated dose of OPT-821 in a vaccine containing two antigens abundantly expressed on neuroblastoma. (PHASE I) (time frame: 2 years). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00911560, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Aug 2026.