DiabetesPhase 3BEGIN™NCT00982228
Comparison of NN1250 Plus Insulin Aspart With Insulin Glargine Plus Insulin Aspart in Type 1 Diabetes
A Phase 3 study testing insulin degludec, insulin glargine and insulin aspart in people with Diabetes and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, run by Novo Nordisk A/S at 91 sites in 6 countries.
Trial summary
This trial is conducted in Africa, Europe and the United States of America (USA). The aim of the trial is to compare NN1250 (insulin degludec, soluble insulin basal analogue (SIBA)) plus insulin aspart with insulin glargine (IGlar) plus insulin aspart in patients with type 1 diabetes. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
- What is being tested?
- insulin degludec, insulin glargine and insulin aspart
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 629 participants
- Where
- 91 sitesin 6 countries
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2009to 8 Nov 2010
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus for at least 12 months
- Current treatment with any basal bolus insulin for at least 12 months
- HbA1c below or equal to 10.0%
- BMI (Body Mass Index) below or equal to 35.0 kg/m^2
- For the extension trial only: Completion of the 52 week treatment period in trial NN1250-3583 (NCT00982228)
Who cannot join
- Use of any other antidiabetic drug than insulin within the last 3 months
- Cardiovascular disease within the last 6 months
- Uncontrolled treated/untreated severe hypertension
- Recurrent severe hypoglycemia or hypoglycemic unawareness or hospitalisation for diabetic ketoacidosis during the previous 6 months
- Pregnancy, breast-feeding, the intention of becoming pregnant or not using adequate contraceptive measures according to local requirements
- Cancer and medical history of cancer
Trial locations and contacts
91 sites in 6 countries.
91 sites in 6 countries
United States59 sites
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Atlanta, Georgia, 30318
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Aurora, Colorado, 80045-7402
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Aurora, Colorado, 80045
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Birmingham, Alabama, 35209
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Brockton, Massachusetts, 02301
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27517
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Chattanooga, Tennessee, 37404
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Chattanooga, Tennessee, 37411
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Chesterfield, Missouri, 63017
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Chicago, Illinois, 60611-2661
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Columbus, Ohio, 43203
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Concord, California, 94520
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Dallas, Texas, 75230
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Dallas, Texas, 75231
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Dallas, Texas, 75246
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Dover, New Hampshire, 03820
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Eagan, Minnesota, 55123
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Flint, Michigan, 48503-5904
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Flushing, New York, 11365
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Fresno, California, 93720
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Great Falls, Montana, 59405
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Greenbrae, California, 94904
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Hollywood, Florida, 33021
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Honolulu, Hawaii, 96814
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Huntington Beach, California, 92648
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Huntsville, Alabama, 35801
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Hyattsville, Maryland, 20782
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Jefferson City, Missouri, 65109
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
La Mesa, California, 91942
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lake Mary, Florida, 32746
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lawrenceville, Georgia, 30046
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lawrenceville, New Jersey, 08648
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lexington, Kentucky, 40503
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lexington, Kentucky, 40536-0284
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Livonia, Michigan, 48154
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Los Gatos, California, 95032
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lubbock, Texas, 79423
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Miami, Florida, 33136
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53209
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Omaha, Nebraska, 68114
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Omaha, Nebraska, 68124
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Peoria, Arizona, 85381
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15212
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15224-2215
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Raleigh, North Carolina, 27609
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Rapid City, South Dakota, 57701
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Renton, Washington, 98057
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Rochester, New York, 14607
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Rockville, Maryland, 20852
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Round Rock, Texas, 78681
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Saint Charles, Missouri, 63303
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Santa Barbara, California, 93105
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Scarborough, Maine, 04074-9302
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
St. George, Utah, 84790
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Tustin, California, 92780
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Ventura, California, 93003
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Vincennes, Indiana, 47591-1029
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Walnut Creek, California, 94598-3347
Russia8 sites
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Moscow, 117036
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Moscow, 119034
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Moscow, 127486
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Novosibirsk, 630047
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Saint Petersburg, 194354
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Saint-Peterburg, 190068
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Tyumen, 625023
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Yaroslavl, 150062
United Kingdom8 sites
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Aberdeen, AB25 1LD
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Birmingham, B9 5SS
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Bradford, BD9 6RJ
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Glasgow, G21 3UW
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Guildford, GU2 7XX
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Leeds, LS9 7TF
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Llantrisant, CF72 8XR
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Sheffield, S5 7AU
France7 sites
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Boisguillaume, 76233
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Brest, 29609
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Grenoble, 38043
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
La Rochelle, 17019
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Montpellier
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Nice, 06002
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Paris, 75877
Germany6 sites
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Aschaffenburg, 63739
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Bad Kreuznach, 55545
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Dormagen, 41539
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Hamburg, 21073
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Hamburg, 22607
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Saint Ingbert, 66386
South Africa3 sites
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Cape Town, Western Cape, 7130
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Johannesburg, Gauteng, 1724
About this study
Official title: NN1250-3583: A 52 Week Randomised, Controlled, Open Label, Multicentre, Multinational, Parallel, Treat-to-target Trial Comparing Efficacy and Safety of SIBA and Insulin Glargine Both Administered Once Daily in a Basal-bolus Regimen With Insulin Aspart as Mealtime Insulin in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes (BEGIN™: BB T1 LONG) / NN1250-3644: An Extension Trial to Trial NN1250-3583 Comparing Safety and Efficacy of NN1250 With Insulin Glargine, Both With Insulin Aspart as Meal-time Insulin, in Type 1 Diabetes (BEGIN™: T1)
This trial is conducted in Africa, Europe and the United States of America (USA).
The aim of the trial is to compare NN1250 (insulin degludec, soluble insulin basal analogue (SIBA)) plus insulin aspart with insulin glargine (IGlar) plus insulin aspart in patients with type 1 diabetes.
The main period is registered internally at Novo Nordisk as NN1250-3583 while the extension period is registered as NN1250-3644.
- Conditions
- Diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
- Being tested
- insulin degludec, insulin glargine, insulin aspart
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
insulin degludecDrug
Injected subcutaneously once daily. Dose was individually adjusted.
insulin glargineDrug
Injected subcutaneously once daily. Dose individually adjusted.
insulin aspartDrug
Injected subcutaneously as mealtime insulin. Dose was individually adjusted.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| IDeg OD | Experimental | Not described Receives: Drug: insulin degludec; Drug: insulin aspart |
| IGlar OD | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Drug: insulin glargine; Drug: insulin aspart |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Main Trial (Primary Endpoint): Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) After 52 Weeks of Treatment
Change from baseline in HbA1c after 52 weeks of treatment
Measured: Week 0, Week 52
Extension Trial (Primary Endpoint): Rate of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (AEs)
Corresponds to rate of AEs per 100 patient years of exposure. Severity assessed by investigator. Mild: no or transient symptoms, no interference with subject's daily activities. Moderate: marked symptoms, moderate interference with subject's daily activities. Severe: considerable interference with subject's daily activities, unacceptable. Serious AE: AE that at any dose results in any of the following: death, a life-threatening experience, in-subject hospitalization/prolongation of existing hospitalisation, persistent/significant disability/incapacity/congenital anomaly/birth defect.
Measured: Week 0 to Week 104 + 7 days follow up
Extension Trial (Primary Endpoint): Rate of Confirmed Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Rate of confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes per 100 patient years of exposure (PYE). Confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes consisted of severe hypoglycaemia as well as minor hypoglycaemic episodes. Severe hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as requiring assistance to administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions. Minor hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as able to treat her/himself and plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L.
Measured: Week 0 to Week 104 + 7 days follow up
Extension Trial (Primary Endpoint): Cross-reacting Antibodies to Human Insulin
The unit for measuring antibody levels is amount of tracer bound to the antibodies in the precipitate (B) expressed in percentage of the total amount of tracer (T) added to the mixture (%B/T). Samples were taken before 1st dosing and after a 1-week wash-out period.
Measured: Week 0, Week 106
Secondary outcomes (6)
Extension Trial (Primary Endpoint): Rate of Nocturnal Confirmed Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Rate of confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes per 100 patient years of exposure (PYE). Confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes consisted of severe hypoglycaemia as well as minor hypoglycaemic episodes. Severe hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as requiring assistance to administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions. Minor hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as able to treat her/himself and plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L. Nocturnal hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as occuring between 00:01 and 05:59 a.m.
Measured: Week 0 to Week 104 + 7 days follow up
Extension Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) After 104 Weeks of Treatment
Change from baseline in HbA1c after 104 weeks of treatment
Measured: Week 0, Week 104
Extension Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Mean of 9-point Self Measured Plasma Glucose Profile (SMPG) at Week 104 of Treatment
Mean of 9-point self-measured plasma glucose profile (SMPG) after 104 weeks of treatment. Plasma glucose measured: before breakfast, 90 minutes after start of breakfast, before lunch, 90 minutes after start of lunch, before dinner, 90 minutes after start of dinner, bedtime, at 4 am and before breakfast.
Measured: Treatment week 104
Main Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Rate of Confirmed Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Rate of confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes per 100 patient years of exposure (PYE). Confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes consisted of severe hypoglycaemia as well as minor hypoglycaemic episodes. Severe hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as requiring assistance to administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions. Minor hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as able to treat her/himself and plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L.
Measured: Week 0 to Week 52 + 7 days follow up
Main Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Rate of Nocturnal Confirmed Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Rate of confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes per 100 patient years of exposure (PYE). Confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes consisted of severe hypoglycaemia as well as minor hypoglycaemic episodes. Severe hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as requiring assistance to administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions. Minor hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as able to treat her/himself and plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L. Nocturnal hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as occuring between 00:01 and 05:59 a.m.
Measured: Week 0 to Week 52 + 7 days follow up
Main Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Mean of 9-point Self Measured Plasma Glucose Profile (SMPG) at Week 52
Mean of 9-point self-measured plasma glucose profile (SMPG) after 52 weeks of treatment. Plasma glucose measured: before breakfast, 90 minutes after start of breakfast, before lunch, 90 minutes after start of lunch, before dinner, 90 minutes after start of dinner, bedtime, at 4 am and before breakfast.
Measured: Week 52
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Sep 2009 (estimated)
- Study start1 Sep 2009
- Primary completion8 Nov 2010
- Study completion8 Nov 2010
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for DiabetesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Novo Nordisk A/SThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 629 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Novo Nordisk A/S
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Global Clinical Registry (GCR, 1452), Study director, Novo Nordisk A/S
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00982228
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NN1250-3583
- Other IDs
- 2008-005774-13, U1111-1111-8789, 2009-015755-24, U1111-1116-1578, 2009, 2008
- Acronym
- BEGIN™
- Status last verified
- Mar 2017
- First submitted
- 22 Sep 2009
- Last updated
- 6 Apr 2017
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Ratner RE, Gough SC, Mathieu C, Del Prato S, Bode B, Mersebach H, Endahl L, Zinman B. Hypoglycaemia risk with insulin degludec compared with insulin glargine in type 2 and type 1 diabetes: a pre-planned meta-analysis of phase 3 trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2013 Feb;15(2):175-84. doi: 10.1111/dom.12032. Epub 2012 Dec 3.
PubMed 23130654Heller S, Mathieu C, Kapur R, Wolden ML, Zinman B. A meta-analysis of rate ratios for nocturnal confirmed hypoglycaemia with insulin degludec vs. insulin glargine using different definitions for hypoglycaemia. Diabet Med. 2016 Apr;33(4):478-87. doi: 10.1111/dme.13002. Epub 2015 Dec 13.
PubMed 26484727Sorli C, Warren M, Oyer D, Mersebach H, Johansen T, Gough SC. Elderly patients with diabetes experience a lower rate of nocturnal hypoglycaemia with insulin degludec than with insulin glargine: a meta-analysis of phase IIIa trials. Drugs Aging. 2013 Dec;30(12):1009-18. doi: 10.1007/s40266-013-0128-2.
PubMed 24170235Einhorn D, Handelsman Y, Bode BW, Endahl LA, Mersebach H, King AB. PATIENTS ACHIEVING GOOD GLYCEMIC CONTROL (HBA1c <7%) EXPERIENCE A LOWER RATE OF HYPOGLYCEMIA WITH INSULIN DEGLUDEC THAN WITH INSULIN GLARGINE: A META-ANALYSIS OF PHASE 3A TRIALS. Endocr Pract. 2015 Aug;21(8):917-26. doi: 10.4158/EP14523.OR. Epub 2015 Jun 29.
PubMed 26121451Russell-Jones D, Gall MA, Niemeyer M, Diamant M, Del Prato S. Insulin degludec results in lower rates of nocturnal hypoglycaemia and fasting plasma glucose vs. insulin glargine: A meta-analysis of seven clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015 Oct;25(10):898-905. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.06.005. Epub 2015 Jun 18.
PubMed 26232910Vora J, Christensen T, Rana A, Bain SC. Insulin degludec versus insulin glargine in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of endpoints in phase 3a trials. Diabetes Ther. 2014 Dec;5(2):435-46. doi: 10.1007/s13300-014-0076-9. Epub 2014 Aug 1.
PubMed 25081590Aye MM, Atkin SL. Patient safety and minimizing risk with insulin administration - role of insulin degludec. Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2014 Apr 30;6:55-67. doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S59566. eCollection 2014.
PubMed 24812526Heller S, Buse J, Fisher M, Garg S, Marre M, Merker L, Renard E, Russell-Jones D, Philotheou A, Francisco AM, Pei H, Bode B; BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 1 Trial Investigators. Insulin degludec, an ultra-longacting basal insulin, versus insulin glargine in basal-bolus treatment with mealtime insulin aspart in type 1 diabetes (BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 1): a phase 3, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2012 Apr 21;379(9825):1489-97. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60204-9.
PubMed 22521071Evans M, Chubb B, Gundgaard J. Cost-effectiveness of Insulin Degludec Versus Insulin Glargine in Adults with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Ther. 2017 Apr;8(2):275-291. doi: 10.1007/s13300-017-0236-9. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
PubMed 28210866
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Apr 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- NN1250-3583: A 52 Week Randomised, Controlled, Open Label, Multicentre, Multinational, Parallel, Treat-to-target Trial Comparing Efficacy and Safety of SIBA and Insulin Glargine Both Administered Once Daily in a Basal-bolus Regimen With Insulin Aspart as Mealtime Insulin in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes (BEGIN™: BB T1 LONG) / NN1250-3644: An Extension Trial to Trial NN1250-3583 Comparing Safety and Efficacy of NN1250 With Insulin Glargine, Both With Insulin Aspart as Meal-time Insulin, in Type 1 Diabetes (BEGIN™: T1)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00982228
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- BEGIN™ / NN1250-3583
- Conditions
- Diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 629 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Novo Nordisk A/SIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2009 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 8 Nov 2010 (actual)
- Study completion
- 8 Nov 2010 (actual)
- First posted
- 23 Sep 2009 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 29 Dec 2015
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This trial is conducted in Africa, Europe and the United States of America (USA).
The aim of the trial is to compare NN1250 (insulin degludec, soluble insulin basal analogue (SIBA)) plus insulin aspart with insulin glargine (IGlar) plus insulin aspart in patients with type 1 diabetes.
The main period is registered internally at Novo Nordisk as NN1250-3583 while the extension period is registered as NN1250-3644.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| IDeg OD | Experimental | Drug: insulin degludec, Drug: insulin aspart |
| IGlar OD | Active comparator | Drug: insulin glargine, Drug: insulin aspart |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus for at least 12 months
- Current treatment with any basal bolus insulin for at least 12 months
- HbA1c below or equal to 10.0%
- BMI (Body Mass Index) below or equal to 35.0 kg/m^2
- For the extension trial only: Completion of the 52 week treatment period in trial NN1250-3583 (NCT00982228)
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Use of any other antidiabetic drug than insulin within the last 3 months
- Cardiovascular disease within the last 6 months
- Uncontrolled treated/untreated severe hypertension
- Recurrent severe hypoglycemia or hypoglycemic unawareness or hospitalisation for diabetic ketoacidosis during the previous 6 months
- Pregnancy, breast-feeding, the intention of becoming pregnant or not using adequate contraceptive measures according to local requirements
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| insulin degludecInjected subcutaneously once daily. Dose was individually adjusted. | Drug | IDeg OD |
| insulin glargineInjected subcutaneously once daily. Dose individually adjusted. | Drug | IGlar OD |
| insulin aspartInjected subcutaneously as mealtime insulin. Dose was individually adjusted. | Drug | IDeg OD, IGlar OD |
Primary outcome
Main Trial (Primary Endpoint): Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) After 52 Weeks of Treatment
Time frame: Week 0, Week 52
Change from baseline in HbA1c after 52 weeks of treatment
Extension Trial (Primary Endpoint): Rate of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (AEs)
Time frame: Week 0 to Week 104 + 7 days follow up
Corresponds to rate of AEs per 100 patient years of exposure. Severity assessed by investigator. Mild: no or transient symptoms, no interference with subject's daily activities. Moderate: marked symptoms, moderate interference with subject's daily activities. Severe: considerable interference with subject's daily activities, unacceptable. Serious AE: AE that at any dose results in any of the following: death, a life-threatening experience, in-subject hospitalization/prolongation of existing hospitalisation, persistent/significant disability/incapacity/congenital anomaly/birth defect.
Extension Trial (Primary Endpoint): Rate of Confirmed Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Time frame: Week 0 to Week 104 + 7 days follow up
Rate of confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes per 100 patient years of exposure (PYE). Confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes consisted of severe hypoglycaemia as well as minor hypoglycaemic episodes. Severe hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as requiring assistance to administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions. Minor hypoglycaemic episodes are defined as able to treat her/himself and plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L.
Extension Trial (Primary Endpoint): Cross-reacting Antibodies to Human Insulin
Time frame: Week 0, Week 106
The unit for measuring antibody levels is amount of tracer bound to the antibodies in the precipitate (B) expressed in percentage of the total amount of tracer (T) added to the mixture (%B/T). Samples were taken before 1st dosing and after a 1-week wash-out period.
6 secondary outcomes
Extension Trial (Primary Endpoint): Rate of Nocturnal Confirmed Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Time frame: Week 0 to Week 104 + 7 days follow up
Extension Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) After 104 Weeks of Treatment
Time frame: Week 0, Week 104
Extension Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Mean of 9-point Self Measured Plasma Glucose Profile (SMPG) at Week 104 of Treatment
Time frame: Treatment week 104
Main Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Rate of Confirmed Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Time frame: Week 0 to Week 52 + 7 days follow up
Main Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Rate of Nocturnal Confirmed Hypoglycaemic Episodes
Time frame: Week 0 to Week 52 + 7 days follow up
Main Trial (Secondary Endpoint): Mean of 9-point Self Measured Plasma Glucose Profile (SMPG) at Week 52
Time frame: Week 52
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Apr 2017.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 23130654Ratner RE, Gough SC, Mathieu C, Del Prato S, Bode B, Mersebach H, Endahl L, Zinman B. Hypoglycaemia risk with insulin degludec compared with insulin glargine in type 2 and type 1 diabetes: a pre-planned meta-analysis of phase 3 trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2013 Feb;15(2):175-84. doi: 10.1111/dom.12032. Epub 2012 Dec 3.
- Results publication: PubMed 26484727Heller S, Mathieu C, Kapur R, Wolden ML, Zinman B. A meta-analysis of rate ratios for nocturnal confirmed hypoglycaemia with insulin degludec vs. insulin glargine using different definitions for hypoglycaemia. Diabet Med. 2016 Apr;33(4):478-87. doi: 10.1111/dme.13002. Epub 2015 Dec 13.
- Results publication: PubMed 24170235Sorli C, Warren M, Oyer D, Mersebach H, Johansen T, Gough SC. Elderly patients with diabetes experience a lower rate of nocturnal hypoglycaemia with insulin degludec than with insulin glargine: a meta-analysis of phase IIIa trials. Drugs Aging. 2013 Dec;30(12):1009-18. doi: 10.1007/s40266-013-0128-2.
- Results publication: PubMed 26121451Einhorn D, Handelsman Y, Bode BW, Endahl LA, Mersebach H, King AB. PATIENTS ACHIEVING GOOD GLYCEMIC CONTROL (HBA1c <7%) EXPERIENCE A LOWER RATE OF HYPOGLYCEMIA WITH INSULIN DEGLUDEC THAN WITH INSULIN GLARGINE: A META-ANALYSIS OF PHASE 3A TRIALS. Endocr Pract. 2015 Aug;21(8):917-26. doi: 10.4158/EP14523.OR. Epub 2015 Jun 29.
- Results publication: PubMed 26232910Russell-Jones D, Gall MA, Niemeyer M, Diamant M, Del Prato S. Insulin degludec results in lower rates of nocturnal hypoglycaemia and fasting plasma glucose vs. insulin glargine: A meta-analysis of seven clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015 Oct;25(10):898-905. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.06.005. Epub 2015 Jun 18.
- Results publication: PubMed 25081590Vora J, Christensen T, Rana A, Bain SC. Insulin degludec versus insulin glargine in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of endpoints in phase 3a trials. Diabetes Ther. 2014 Dec;5(2):435-46. doi: 10.1007/s13300-014-0076-9. Epub 2014 Aug 1.
- Results publication: PubMed 24812526Aye MM, Atkin SL. Patient safety and minimizing risk with insulin administration - role of insulin degludec. Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2014 Apr 30;6:55-67. doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S59566. eCollection 2014.
- Results publication: PubMed 22521071Heller S, Buse J, Fisher M, Garg S, Marre M, Merker L, Renard E, Russell-Jones D, Philotheou A, Francisco AM, Pei H, Bode B; BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 1 Trial Investigators. Insulin degludec, an ultra-longacting basal insulin, versus insulin glargine in basal-bolus treatment with mealtime insulin aspart in type 1 diabetes (BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 1): a phase 3, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2012 Apr 21;379(9825):1489-97. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60204-9.
- Results publication: PubMed 28210866Evans M, Chubb B, Gundgaard J. Cost-effectiveness of Insulin Degludec Versus Insulin Glargine in Adults with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Ther. 2017 Apr;8(2):275-291. doi: 10.1007/s13300-017-0236-9. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
- Clinical Trials at Novo NordiskLink provided by the sponsor.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Global Clinical Registry (GCR, 1452) study director
Novo Nordisk A/S
91 sites in 6 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing insulin degludec, insulin glargine and insulin aspart in people with Diabetes and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, run by Novo Nordisk A/S at 91 sites in 6 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Apr 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 91 sites in United States, Russia, United Kingdom, France, Germany and 1 more country. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 29 Dec 2015). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Main Trial (Primary Endpoint): Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) After 52 Weeks of Treatment (time frame: Week 0, Week 52). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00982228, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Apr 2017.