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Post-transplant Weight GainACTNCT01047410

ACtive Care After Transplantation, the ACT Study

A study testing Exercise intervention and Exercise intervention and dietary advice in people with Post-transplant Weight Gain and Kidney Transplant, run by University Medical Center Groningen at 5 sites in Netherlands.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The aim of the present study is to compare the outcomes of standard care to the effects of exercise alone, and exercise combined with nutrition counseling, on post-transplantation weight gain and quality of life in renal transplant recipients (RTR). Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
What is being tested?
Exercise intervention and Exercise intervention and dietary advice
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
221 participants
Where
5 sitesNetherlands
Study dates
Oct 2010to 1 Nov 2017
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Age ≥ 18 years;
  • Informed Consent;
  • >1 year after transplantation
  • Medical approvement for participation in the study by the nephrologist.

Who cannot join

  • Psychopathology;
  • Severe cognitive disorders;
  • Negative advice of the nephrologist and/or cardiologist.

Trial locations and contacts

5 sites in 1 country.

5 sites in 1 country

Netherlands5 sites
  • Reade

    Amsterdam, North Holland, 1056 AB

  • AMC

    Amsterdam

  • Revalidatiecentrum Lindenhof

    Goes, Zeeland, 4462 RA

  • Isala Kliniek

    Zwolle

  • Vogellanden

    Zwolle

Other trials in Netherlands

About this study

Official title: ACtive Care After Transplantation, a Lifestyle Intervention in Renal Transplant Recipients

The aim of the present study is to compare the outcomes of standard care to the effects of exercise alone, and exercise combined with nutrition counseling, on post-transplantation weight gain and quality of life in renal transplant recipients (RTR). The primary outcome is subdomain physical functioning of quality of life, (SF-36 PFS).

Secondary outcomes include other evaluations of quality of life (SF-36, KDQOL-SF, EQ-5D), objective measures of physical functioning (aerobic capacity and muscle strength), level of physical activity, gain in adiposity (body fat percentage by bio-electrical impedance assessment, BMI, waist circumference), and cardiometabolic risk factors (blood pressure, lipids, glucose metabolism). Additionally it is planned to study data on renal function, medical history, medication, psychological factors (motivation, kinesiophobia, coping style), nutrition knowledge, nutrition intake, nutrition status, fatigue, work participation, process evaluation and cost-effectiveness.

Read the detailed description

Patient and graft survival in the first year after renal transplantation have improved substantially over the last decade, but long-term graft loss and patient mortality have remained high. It is increasingly recognized that the alarmingly poor cardio-metabolic risk profile in renal transplant recipients (RTR) plays a main role in long-term outcome. Improvement of long-term outcome will require specific efforts to improve cardio-metabolic profile and its complications. Importantly, the substantial increase in body weight and body fat that occurs after transplantation is a major trigger for the poor cardiometabolic profile in the RTR, including post-transplant diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

The increase in body weight is mostly fat tissue and typically around 9-10 kg. Most of this weight gain (~90%) occurs in the first year after transplantation. Recent data indicate that steroid avoidance could not prevent this early increase in adiposity. This warrants specific focus on lifestyle factors, i.e diet and physical activity. In the UMCG RTR cohort we found that a lack of physical activity was related to a worse cardiometabolic profile and was an independent predictor of mortality. Moreover, the substantial increase in fat massweight gain was strongly related to low physical activity, high intake of energy-dense drinks, low consumption of vegetables, to increased plasma triglycerides and the metabolic syndrome. The intake of salt and saturated fat was high and fibre intake was low, indicating dietary habits that deviate substantially from recommendations for a healthy diet. Thus, both physical activity and dietary habits are important targets for lifestyle intervention in RTR.

Lasting improvements in lifestyle are notoriously difficult to obtain, but in recent years substantial intervention expertise has been developed in other high risk groups including prediabetes. It is now established that for long term purposes, prevention of excessive weight gain is more effective than treatment of weight excess. Since in RTR most of the weight is gained in the first year after transplantation, prevention is a very promising approach. Moreover, data in prediabetes suggest that combined intervention targeting both diet and physical activity may be particularly effective to this purpose.

Therefore, our aim is to investigate the effects on quality of life by a combined diet-and-physical activity program in RTR in the first year after transplantation.

This randomized controlled intervention study will use a combined diet-and-physical activity approach. After hospital discharge for transplantation, 219 patients will be randomized to three either a control groups: one group, who will receive standard care, one group will be exposed to a 3-month exercise program followed by individual counselling and one group will be exposed to the exercise program + dietary or to intervention followed by individual counselling. The individual counselling is to consolidate the achieved improvements in diet and physical activity and will be provided until 15 months after inclusion. This counselling is based on theories of behavioural change and motivational interviewing. Daily physical activity is evaluated with a pedometer and dietary habits by questionnaires and food records.

Being tested
Exercise intervention, Exercise intervention and dietary advice
Keywords
physical exercise training, quality of life, exercise capacity, skeletal muscle strength, physical activity level, costeffectiveness, renal transplantation, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, diet
Medical subject headings
Metabolic Syndrome

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Exercise interventionOther

    Patients assigned to the exercise intervention participate in a 12 weeks lasting, intensive, standardized and supervised physical training program which consists of a combination of endurance and strength training. After completion of the training program, patients receive an individual sport- and physical activity advice and lifestyle coaching.

  • Exercise intervention and dietary adviceOther

    The exercise intervention in this group is identical to the exercise-only group. The nutritional intervention runs throughout the entire 15 month intervention. The nutritional intervention aims to critically discuss pre-transplantation nutritional habits, and to set goals for healthier, better quality nutrition to prevent over eating and weight gain. These goals are set together with the subject to facilitate an autonomy supportive coaching climate.During the dietary consults, special attention goes out to saturated fat intake, whole-wheat and high fibre foods, fruit and vegetable intake, dietary salt consumption, and the use of energy-rich beverages such as soda, dairy drinks and fruit juices.

Study groups in NCT01047410
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Usual careNo interventionPatients assigned to the usual care group receive the standard medical care (usual care) during the 15 months lasting study period. Physical training does not form a part of the usual care of renal transplant and dialysis patients. After randomisation, patients assigned to the usual care group receive the advice to meet the 'Nederlandse Norm Gezond Bewegen (NNGB), i.e. the advice to perform 30 minutes of moderately intense physical activity at at least five but preferably all days of the week.
Exercise interventionExperimentalThe exercise intervention in this group is identical to the exercise-only group. Patients assigned to the exercise intervention participate in a 12 weeks lasting, intensive, standardized and supervised physical training program which consists of a combination of endurance and strength training. After completion of the training program, patients receive an individual sport- and physical activity advice and lifestyle coaching.
Receives: Other: Exercise intervention
Exercise intervention and dietary adviceExperimentalThe exercise intervention in this group is identical to the exercise-only group. The nutritional intervention runs throughout the entire 15 month intervention. The nutritional intervention aims to critically discuss pre-transplantation nutritional habits, and to set goals for healthier, better quality nutrition to prevent over eating and weight gain. These goals are set together with the subject to facilitate an autonomy supportive coaching climate.During the dietary consults, special attention goes out to saturated fat intake, whole-wheat and high fibre foods, fruit and vegetable intake, dietary salt consumption, and the use of energy-rich beverages such as soda, dairy drinks and fruit juices.
Receives: Other: Exercise intervention; Other: Exercise intervention and dietary advice

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Quality of life - Physical Functioning Score

    The subdomain 'Physical Functioning' of Quality of Life (SF36 questionnaire)

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

Secondary outcomes (18)
  1. Quality of Life Scores

    Physical and Mental scores of the Quality of Life SF36 questionnaire

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  2. Physical functioning

    Exercise capacity by VO2max test and/or submax test

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  3. Physical functioning

    skeletal muscle strength by maximal strenght test

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  4. Body composition

    waist circumference

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  5. Body composition

    body fat percentage (bioelectrical impedance)

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  6. Body composition

    Height and weight to calculate BMI

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  7. Cardiometabolic risk factors

    Blood pressure

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  8. Cardiometabolic risk factors

    Lipid profiles (cholesterol)

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  9. Cardiometabolic risk factors

    Lipid profiles (triglycerides)

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  10. Cardiometabolic risk factors

    glucose metabolism

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks and 15 months

  11. nutrition

    dietary intake (food diaries)

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, (6 months for nutrition intervention only) and 15 months

  12. nutrition

    nutritional knowledge (questionnaire)

    Measured: baseline and 15 months

  13. Psychological factors

    motivation (questionnaire)

    Measured: 12 weeks and 15 months

  14. Psychological factors

    kinesiophobia (questionnaire)

    Measured: baseline and 15 months

  15. Psychological factors

    coping style (questionnaire)

    Measured: baseline

  16. Chronic fatigue

    CIS-20 questionnaire

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  17. Fatigue and work participation

    Fatigue and work questionnaire (NFR)

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months

  18. Cost-effectiveness

    care consumption and intervention costs

    Measured: baseline, 12 weeks, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted12 Jan 2010 (estimated)
  2. Study startOct 2010
  3. Primary completion1 Aug 2017
  4. Study completion1 Nov 2017

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
3-arm randomized controlled trial
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
221 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT01047410
Sponsor's protocol ID
METc 2014/190
Acronym
ACT
Status last verified
Aug 2018
First submitted
11 Jan 2010
Last updated
31 Aug 2018
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • van den Ham EC, Kooman JP, Schols AM, Nieman FH, Does JD, Akkermans MA, Janssen PP, Gosker HR, Ward KA, MacDonald JH, Christiaans MH, Leunissen KM, van Hooff JP. The functional, metabolic, and anabolic responses to exercise training in renal transplant and hemodialysis patients. Transplantation. 2007 Apr 27;83(8):1059-68. doi: 10.1097/01.tp.0000259552.55689.fd.

    PubMed 17452896
  • van den Ham EC, Kooman JP, Schols AM, Nieman FH, Does JD, Franssen FM, Akkermans MA, Janssen PP, van Hooff JP. Similarities in skeletal muscle strength and exercise capacity between renal transplant and hemodialysis patients. Am J Transplant. 2005 Aug;5(8):1957-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.00944.x.

    PubMed 15996245
  • van den Ham EC. Body composition and exercise intolerance in renal transplant patients: the response to exercise training. Thesis. 2006.

  • van den Ham EC, Kooman JP, Christiaans MH, Nieman FH, van Hooff JP. Weight changes after renal transplantation: a comparison between patients on 5-mg maintenance steroid therapy and those on steroid-free immunosuppressive therapy. Transpl Int. 2003 May;16(5):300-6. doi: 10.1007/s00147-002-0502-1. Epub 2003 Feb 20.

    PubMed 12759720
  • van den Ham EC, Kooman JP, Christiaans ML, van Hooff JP. The influence of early steroid withdrawal on body composition and bone mineral density in renal transplantation patients. Transpl Int. 2003 Feb;16(2):82-7. doi: 10.1007/s00147-002-0488-8. Epub 2003 Jan 18.

    PubMed 12595969
  • van den Ham EC, Kooman JP, Christiaans MH, Leunissen KM, van Hooff JP. Posttransplantation weight gain is predominantly due to an increase in body fat mass. Transplantation. 2000 Jul 15;70(1):241-2. No abstract available.

    PubMed 10919614
  • van den Ham EC, Kooman JP, Christiaans MH, van Hooff JP. Relation between steroid dose, body composition and physical activity in renal transplant patients. Transplantation. 2000 Apr 27;69(8):1591-8. doi: 10.1097/00007890-200004270-00013.

    PubMed 10836368
  • Zelle DM, Kok T, Dontje ML, Danchell EI, Navis G, van Son WJ, Bakker SJ, Corpeleijn E. The role of diet and physical activity in post-transplant weight gain after renal transplantation. Clin Transplant. 2013 Jul-Aug;27(4):E484-90. doi: 10.1111/ctr.12149. Epub 2013 Jun 13.

    PubMed 23758229
  • Zelle DM, Corpeleijn E, Stolk RP, de Greef MH, Gans RO, van der Heide JJ, Navis G, Bakker SJ. Low physical activity and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in renal transplant recipients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Apr;6(4):898-905. doi: 10.2215/CJN.03340410. Epub 2011 Mar 3.

    PubMed 21372213
  • Kwakernaak AJ, Zelle DM, Bakker SJ, Navis G. Central body fat distribution associates with unfavorable renal hemodynamics independent of body mass index. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 May;24(6):987-94. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2012050460. Epub 2013 Apr 11.

    PubMed 23578944
  • Zelle DM, Corpeleijn E, Deinum J, Stolk RP, Gans RO, Navis G, Bakker SJ. Pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and risk of new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation. Diabetes Care. 2013 Jul;36(7):1926-32. doi: 10.2337/dc12-1894. Epub 2013 Feb 1.

    PubMed 23378624
  • Corpeleijn E, Bakker SJ, Stolk RP. Obesity and impaired renal function: potential for lifestyle intervention? Eur J Epidemiol. 2009;24(6):275-80. doi: 10.1007/s10654-009-9345-8. Epub 2009 May 7.

    PubMed 19455406
  • Mensink M, Corpeleijn E, Feskens EJ, Kruijshoop M, Saris WH, de Bruin TW, Blaak EE. Study on lifestyle-intervention and impaired glucose tolerance Maastricht (SLIM): design and screening results. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2003 Jul;61(1):49-58. doi: 10.1016/s0168-8227(03)00067-6.

    PubMed 12849923
  • Oterdoom LH, de Vries AP, Gansevoort RT, van Son WJ, van der Heide JJ, Ploeg RJ, de Jong PE, Gans RO, Bakker SJ. Determinants of insulin resistance in renal transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2007 Jan 15;83(1):29-35. doi: 10.1097/01.tp.0000245844.27683.48.

    PubMed 17220787
  • de Vries AP, Bakker SJ, van Son WJ, van der Heide JJ, Ploeg RJ, The HT, de Jong PE, Gans RO. Metabolic syndrome is associated with impaired long-term renal allograft function; not all component criteria contribute equally. Am J Transplant. 2004 Oct;4(10):1675-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2004.00558.x.

    PubMed 15367224

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Exercise intervention and Exercise intervention and dietary advice in people with Post-transplant Weight Gain and Kidney Transplant, run by University Medical Center Groningen at 5 sites in Netherlands.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 31 Aug 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 5 sites in Netherlands. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Quality of life - Physical Functioning Score (time frame: baseline, 12 weeks, 6 months and 15 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01047410, which also lists 18 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 31 Aug 2018.

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