PharyngitisPhase 3NCT01049334
A Study of Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge in Patient With Pharyngitis
A Phase 3 study testing Flurbiprofen in people with Pharyngitis, run by Reckitt Benckiser LLC at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The purposes of this study is to demonstrate the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge compared to its vehicle lozenge and to demonstrate the safety of the flurbiprofen lozenge throughout the course of treating sore throat due to acute pharyngitis. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Pharyngitis
- What is being tested?
- Flurbiprofen
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 204 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Nov 2009to Mar 2011
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- The patient has a complaint of sore throat.
- If the patient is a female of childbearing potential, she has been using effective contraception since the last date of menses and is not breast-feeding or lactating.
- If the patient is a female of childbearing potential, the patient must have a negative urine pregnancy.
- The patient has provided written informed consent prior to any study-related procedures.
Who cannot join
- The patient has a history of an upper gastrointestinal ulcer within the past 60 days, is currently experiencing clinically significant upper gastrointestinal complaints, or is currently taking medication regularly (≥ three times in the previous week).
- The patient has a history of any hepatic disease or renal dysfunction.
- The patient has a history of chronic analgesic use (≥ three times per week over the prior four weeks). (Patients on low-dose aspirin therapy may be allowed in the study per investigator's clinical decision.)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of Connecticut, Student Health Services
Storrs, Connecticut, 06268
About this study
Official title: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Multiple-Dose Study to Determine the Efficacy, Onset, and Duration of Action of Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge Compared to Its Vehicle Control Lozenge in Patients With Painful Pharyngitis
The purposes of this study is to demonstrate the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge compared to its vehicle lozenge and to demonstrate the safety of the flurbiprofen lozenge throughout the course of treating sore throat due to acute pharyngitis.
- Conditions
- Pharyngitis
- Being tested
- Placebo, Flurbiprofen
- Medical subject headings
- Pharyngitis
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PlaceboDrug
Participants were instructed to suck one placebo lozenge during the initial two-hour clinic visit. Upon discharge, participants were instructed to use study medication lozenge every 3-6 hours as needed for pain, up to a total of 5 study lozenges in 24 hours.
FlurbiprofenDrug
Participants were instructed to suck one flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge during the initial two-hour clinic visit. Upon discharge, participants were instructed to use study medication lozenge every 3-6 hours as needed for pain, up to a total of 5 study lozenges in 24 hours.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge | Experimental | Participants sucked flurbiprofen 8.75mg lozenge every 3-6 hours up to 5 lozenges a day as needed for pain for 7 days. Receives: Drug: Flurbiprofen |
| Placebo lozenge | Placebo comparator | Participants sucked vehicle placebo lozenge every 3-6 hours up to 5 lozenges a day as needed for pain for 7 days. Receives: Drug: Placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Over the 24 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID24)
STPIS measures sore throat pain intensity on a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. A mark at 0-mm indicates no pain upon swallowing and 100-mm indicates severe pain. SPID24 was calculated as the sum of the time-weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 24 hours. The full range was -114609 (complete pain relief within 2 minutes of dosing that lasts 24 hours) to 29191 (maximum pain within 2 minutes lasting 24 hours) using the mean baseline STPIS. Participants with a last recorded time point <21 hours were considered Not Evaluable. If a participant used rescue medication, all post-rescue STPIS values in the 24-hour interval were assigned the baseline value for STPIS. Missing scores of STPIS with non-missing STPIS scores at earlier and later assessments were imputed using linear interpolation assuming the time of the missing assessment to be the nominal time since initial dose.
Measured: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose (every 2 minutes for one hour; every 10 minutes until hour 2; every 30 minutes until hour 6; and every hour the participant was awake between hours 7-24)
Secondary outcomes (15)
Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Over the 2 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID2)
STPIS measures sore throat pain intensity on a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. A mark at 0-mm indicates no pain upon swallowing and 100-mm indicates severe pain. SPID2 was calculated as the sum of the time-weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 2 hours post dosing. The full range was -9405 (complete pain relief within 2 minutes of dosing that lasts 2 hours) to 2395 (maximum pain within 2 minutes lasting 2 hours) using the mean baseline STPIS.
If a participant used rescue medication (acetaminophen 650mg was allowed as needed post dose), all post-rescue STPIS values in the 24-hour interval were assigned the baseline value for STPIS. Missing scores of STPIS with non-missing STPIS scores at earlier and later assessments (recorded or derived due to rescue) were imputed using linear interpolation assuming the time of the missing assessment to be the nominal time since initial dose.
Measured: baseline (pre-dose), 2 hours post-dose (every 2 minutes for one hour; every 10 minutes until hour 2)
Time Weighted Summed Differences in Difficulty Swallowing Scale (DSS) During the Initial 2 Hours From Baseline
Participants were asked to evaluate his/her difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) using a 100-mm visual analog scale at Baseline and 2 hours post dose.
Participants were instructed to swallow and "Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how difficult it is to swallow now." A mark at 0-mm indicated no difficulty and 100-mm indicated very difficult. Data is reported as the sum of the time-weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 2 hours post dose. The full range was -9192 (no difficulty swallowing within 10 minutes of dosing that lasts 2 hours) to 2808 (maximum difficulty swallowing within 10 minutes lasting 2 hours) using the baseline DSS value.
Missing values of DSS with non-missing values at assessments before and after were calculated using linear interpolation.
Measured: baseline (pre-dose), 2 hours post-dose (every 10 minutes until hour 2)
Time Weighted Summed Differences in Difficulty Swallowing Scale (DSS) During the Initial 24 Hours From Baseline
Participants were asked to evaluate his/her difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) using a 100-mm visual analog scale at Baseline and until 24 hours post dose.
Participants were instructed to swallow and "Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how difficult it is to swallow now." A mark at 0-mm indicated no difficulty and 100-mm indicated very difficult. Data is reported as the sum of the time-weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 24 hours post dose. The full range was -110304 (no difficulty swallowing within 10 minutes of dosing that lasts 24 hours) to 33696 (maximum difficulty swallowing within 10 minutes lasting 24 hours) using the baseline DSS value.
Missing values of DSS with non-missing values at assessments before and after were calculated using linear interpolation.
Measured: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose (every 10 minutes until hour 2, every 30 minutes until hour 6, hourly from 7-24 hours)
Time Weighted Summed Differences in Swollen Throat Scale (SwoTS) During the Initial 2 Hours From Baseline
The participant was asked to evaluate how swollen his/her throat felt using a 100-mm visual analog scale at Baseline and at 1 hour, 70 minutes, 80 minutes, 90 minutes, 100 minutes, 110 minutes, and 2 hours.
The patient was instructed to swallow and "Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how swollen your throat feels now." A mark at 0-mm indicated not swollen and 100-mm indicated very swollen. The full range of the sum of the time-weighted swollen throat differences from baseline until 2 hours was -9336 (throat did not feel swollen at all within 1 hour of dosing and lasted 2 hours) to 2664 (maximum swollen throat reported within 1 hour and lasting 2 hours) using the mean baseline SwoTS.
Measured: baseline (pre-dose), 2 hours post-dose (at 1 hour, 70 minutes, 80 minutes, 90 minutes, 100 minutes, 110 minutes, and 2 hours)
Time Weighted Summed Differences in Swollen Throat Scale (SwoTS) During the Initial 24 Hours From Baseline
The participant was asked to evaluate how swollen his/her throat felt using a 100-mm visual analog scale at Baseline and specified timeframes until 24 hours.
The patient was instructed to swallow and "Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how swollen your throat feels now." A mark at 0-mm indicated not swollen and 100-mm indicated very swollen. The full range of the sum of the time-weighted swollen throat differences from baseline until 24 hours was -112032 (throat did not feel swollen at all within 1 hour of dosing and lasted 24 hours) to 31968 (maximum swollen throat reported within 1 hour and lasting 24 hours) using the mean baseline SwoTS.
Measured: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose (1 hour, 70 minutes, 80 minutes, 90 minutes, 100 minutes, 110 minutes, 2 hours, 2½ hours, 3 hours, 3½ hours, 4 hours, 4½ hours, 5 hours, 5½ hours, and 6 hours after the first dose, hourly from 7-24 hours)
Change From Baseline at 24 Hours in the Tonsillo-Pharyngitis Assessment (TPA) Scores in Participants With Baseline TPA Scores >=8
Tonsillo-Pharyngitis Assessment, or TPA, is an index of seven clinical features of the pain-producing condition itself, pharyngeal inflammation. The clinical features concern temperature, oropharyngeal color, size of tonsils, number of enanthems, largest size of cervical lymph node, number of lymph nodes, and maximum tenderness of lymph nodes. Each variable was rated on a scale of 0-3, with 0 representing the normal value, and 3 representing severe inflammation. The seven values are added together to create the TPA, ranging from 0-21.
Negative change values represent improvement of symptoms.
Measured: Baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose
Practitioner's Assessment of Pharyngeal Inflammation (P.A.I.N.) Scores at 24 Hours After Initial Dose
P.A.I.N is a four step scale in which physicians rate the severity of pharyngeal inflammation: No inflammation, mild, moderate and severe inflammation.
Measured: 24 hours post-dose
Investigators' Clinical Assessment (CLIN) Of Study Medication as a Treatment for Sore Throat at 24 Hours After Initial Dose
Investigators assessed the effectiveness of study medication on the patient's sore throat at 24 hours following initial dose by answering the following question: "Considering the patient's response to the study medicine over the past 24 hours, how do you rate the study medicine as a treatment for sore throat?" Responses were poor, fair, good, very good or excellent.
Measured: 24 hours
Participant Satisfaction Scores 24 Hours After Initial Dose
After 24 hours of treatment, participants rated their satisfaction with the treatment on a 7-step scale from extremely dissatisfied to extremely satisfied.
Measured: 24 hours
Investigators' Clinical Assessment (CLIN) Of Study Medication as a Treatment for Sore Throat at the End of the Study (Day 7)
Investigators assessed the effectiveness of study medication on the patient's sore throat at the end of the study by answering the following question: "Considering the patient's response to the study medicine over the past 7 days, how do you rate the study medicine as a treatment for sore throat?" Responses were poor, fair, good, very good or excellent.
Measured: Day 7
Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale Over 24 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID24) For Participants With Baseline Practitioner's Assessment of Pharyngeal Inflammation (PAIN) of Moderate or Severe
STPIS measures sore throat pain intensity on a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. A mark at 0-mm indicates no pain upon swallowing and 100-mm indicates severe pain. For the subgroup of patients with moderate/severe pharyngeal inflammation at baseline, SPID24 was calculated as the sum of the time weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 24 hours. Taking inclusion criteria into account, the full range was -116196 (no pain at any post-dose time (0) - average baseline) to 27804 (maximum possible pain (100) - average baseline).
Participants with their last recorded time point <21 hours were considered Not Evaluable. If a participant used rescue medication (acetaminophen 650mg was allowed as needed), all post-rescue STPIS values in the 24-hour interval were assigned the baseline value for STPIS. Missing scores of STPIS with non-missing STPIS scores at earlier and later assessments were imputed using linear interpolation.
Measured: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose (every 2 minutes for one hour; every 10 minutes until hour 2; every 30 minutes until hour 6; and every hour the participant was awake between hours 7-24)
Sore Throat Relief Rating Scale (STRRS) At 2 Hours After Initial Dose
Participants used a 6-category relief scale (no relief to complete relief) to grade the relief of his/her throat pain.
The patient was instructed to swallow and:
"Considering how your throat felt before you took the study medicine, circle the phrase that best describes the relief of your sore throat now."
Measured: 2 hours
Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) at Each Post-Dose Time Point Until the Time Point at Which Comparison of the Arms Yielded a P-value <=0.05
Data reported in summary form in Primary Outcome #1 are reported here at each post-dose timepoint until the comparison resulted in a P-value <=0.05 between the two treatment arms.
STPIS was used to measure sore throat pain intensity using a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants that measures "pain on swallowing" (odynophagia). A mark at 0-mm indicates no pain and 100-mm indicates severe pain. The full range of the scale varies by timepoint due to the time weighting sum of SPID. The full scale at 40 minutes post dose was -3188 (complete pain relief within 2 minutes of dosing that lasts 40 minutes) to 812 (maximum pain within 2 minutes lasting 40 minutes) using the mean baseline STPIS.
If a participant used rescue medication (acetaminophen 650mg was allowed as needed), all post-rescue STPIS values in the 24-hour interval were assigned the baseline value for STPIS. Missing scores of STPIS with non-missing STPIS scores at earlier and later assessments (rec
Measured: baseline (pre-dose), up to 23 hours post-dose (every 2 minutes for one hour; every 10 minutes until hour 2; every 30 minutes until hour 6; and every hour the participant was awake between hours 7-23)
Kaplan-Meier Estimates for Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Time to Definite Improvement
As part of a protocol amendment, some participants defined a definite improvement level (DIL) relative to their actual pretreatment STPIS on the 100-mm visual analog scale. This was done after completing the 7 day trial.
An alternative definition of STPIS time to onset of relief was the time from initial dose to the time the participant reaching DIL for at least 30 minutes. Data were censored if DIL was not achieved by 120 minutes following initial dose. Definite improvement must also occur prior to re-dosing or using rescue medication.
Measured: 2 hours
Kaplan-Meier Estimates for Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Time to Definite Improvement Duration of Relief Using Participant-Defined Definite Improvement Levels (DIL)
As part of a protocol amendment, some participants defined a definite improvement level (DIL) relative to their actual pretreatment STPIS on the 100-mm visual analog scale. This was done after completing the 7 day trial.
The time of first achieving DIL for 30 minutes within 6 hours (or until rescue or re-dosing) post-dosing will be determined. And the time falling below DIL within 6 hours will be determined. Duration is then defined as the time from first DIL until falling below DIL. Duration was set to zero if the STPIS score does not reach the DIL for at least 30 minutes for STPIS during the 6 hours.
Measured: 6 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 Jan 2010 (estimated)
- Study startNov 2009
- Primary completionMar 2011
- Study completionMar 2011
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (15)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for PharyngitisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 204 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Reckitt Benckiser LLC
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Timothy J Shea, BS, Study director, Reckitt Benckiser Inc.
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01049334
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- TH 0901
- Status last verified
- Aug 2017
- First submitted
- 13 Jan 2010
- Last updated
- 21 Sep 2017
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Schachtel BP, McCormick CG and Giefer EE. Patient-reported outcomes (PRO's) in the pharyngitis pain model. Abstract presented at the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) Scientific Conference, Montreal, Canada. 2009
Schachtel BP, Aspley S, Sternberg M, Berry P, Muir N, Sanner K, Rezuke J, Savino L, Shephard A, Shea T, Schachtel E. Onset of demulcent and analgesic activity of flurbiprofen lozenge. Int J Clin Pharm 2012;34:143-258.
Aspley S, Schachtel B, Berry P, Shephard A, Sanner K, Shea T, Smith G. The Chief Complaint: evidence of its use as an endpoint in a clinical trial. Journal of Pain 2012;13(4)Supplement:S4.
Aspley S, Schachtel B, Berry P, Shephard A, Sanner K, Savino L, Rezuke J, Shea T, Smith G. Treatment of odynophagia and dysphagia by flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges. Pain Research & Management 2012;17(3):203.
Schachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T,Sanner K, Smith G,Schachtel E. Efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75mg lozenges in patients with swollen/inflamed sore throat. Abstract presented at the 14th World Congress on Pain, 27 - 31 August 2012, Milan.
Schachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Smith G, Shephard A, Shea T, Schachtel E. A patient-centered method for determining onset of action. Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development 2012;1(4):194-195.
Schachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T, Smith G, Sanner K, Savino L, Rezuke J, Schachtel E. Efficacy and duration of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge. Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development 2012;1(4):194.
Schachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T, Smith G, Schachtel E. A new cough model: de-hawthornizing a clinical trial. Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development 2012;1(4):195.
Schachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Sanner K, Shea T, Smith G, Schachtel E. Chief Complaint: the therapeutogenic stimulus as the primary, individualized endpoint in clinical trials. Journal of Pain 2012;13(4)Supplement:S6.
Aspley S, Schachtel B, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T, Smith G, Schachtel E. Flurbiprofen lozenges in patients with a "bad sore throat". Journal of Pain 2013;14(4):S59.
Schachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T, Smith G, Schachtel E. The "Definite Improvement Level" (DIL) as a determinant of drug efficacy. Journal of Pain 2013;14(4):S5.
Shephard A, Smith G, Aspley S, Schachtel B. Efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges for streptococcal and non-streptococcal sore throat: pooled analysis of two randomised, placebo-controlled studies. Abstract presented at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), 27 - 30 April 2013, Berlin.
Shephard A, Smith G, Aspley S, Schachtel B. Symptomatic relief in streptococcal and non-streptococcal sore throat patients: pooled analysis of two randomised, placebo-controlled studies. Abstract presented at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), 27-30 April 2013, Berlin.
Aspley S, Shephard A, Schachtel E, Sanner K, Savino L, Schachtel B. Efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge in patients with a swollen and inflamed sore throat. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016 Sep;32(9):1529-38. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2016.1187119. Epub 2016 May 18.
PubMed 27146963Shephard A, Smith G, Aspley S, Schachtel BP. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies on flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges in patients with/without group A or C streptococcal throat infection, with an assessment of clinicians' prediction of 'strep throat'. Int J Clin Pract. 2015 Jan;69(1):59-71. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.12536. Epub 2014 Oct 9.
PubMed 25296661
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Sep 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Multiple-Dose Study to Determine the Efficacy, Onset, and Duration of Action of Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge Compared to Its Vehicle Control Lozenge in Patients With Painful Pharyngitis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01049334
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TH 0901
- Conditions
- Pharyngitis
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 204 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Reckitt Benckiser LLCIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- Nov 2009
- Primary completion
- Mar 2011 (actual)
- Study completion
- Mar 2011 (actual)
- First posted
- 14 Jan 2010 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 21 Sep 2017
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purposes of this study is to demonstrate the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge compared to its vehicle lozenge and to demonstrate the safety of the flurbiprofen lozenge throughout the course of treating sore throat due to acute pharyngitis.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge | Experimental | Drug: FlurbiprofenParticipants sucked flurbiprofen 8.75mg lozenge every 3-6 hours up to 5 lozenges a day as needed for pain for 7 days. |
| Placebo lozenge | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlaceboParticipants sucked vehicle placebo lozenge every 3-6 hours up to 5 lozenges a day as needed for pain for 7 days. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- The patient has a complaint of sore throat.
- If the patient is a female of childbearing potential, she has been using effective contraception since the last date of menses and is not breast-feeding or lactating.
- If the patient is a female of childbearing potential, the patient must have a negative urine pregnancy.
- The patient has provided written informed consent prior to any study-related procedures.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- The patient has a history of an upper gastrointestinal ulcer within the past 60 days, is currently experiencing clinically significant upper gastrointestinal complaints, or is currently taking medication regularly (≥ three times in the previous week).
- The patient has a history of any hepatic disease or renal dysfunction.
- The patient has a history of chronic analgesic use (≥ three times per week over the prior four weeks). (Patients on low-dose aspirin therapy may be allowed in the study per investigator's clinical decision.)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| PlaceboParticipants were instructed to suck one placebo lozenge during the initial two-hour clinic visit. Upon discharge, participants were instructed to use study medication lozenge every 3-6 hours as needed for pain, up to a total of 5 study lozenges in 24 hours. | Drug | Placebo lozenge |
| FlurbiprofenParticipants were instructed to suck one flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge during the initial two-hour clinic visit. Upon discharge, participants were instructed to use study medication lozenge every 3-6 hours as needed for pain, up to a total of 5 study lozenges in 24 hours. | Drug | flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge |
Primary outcome
Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Over the 24 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID24)
Time frame: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose (every 2 minutes for one hour; every 10 minutes until hour 2; every 30 minutes until hour 6; and every hour the participant was awake between hours 7-24)
STPIS measures sore throat pain intensity on a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. A mark at 0-mm indicates no pain upon swallowing and 100-mm indicates severe pain. SPID24 was calculated as the sum of the time-weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 24 hours. The full range was -114609 (complete pain relief within 2 minutes of dosing that lasts 24 hours) to 29191 (maximum pain within 2 minutes lasting 24 hours) using the mean baseline STPIS. Participants with a last recorded time point <21 hours were considered Not Evaluable. If a participant used rescue medication, all post-rescue STPIS values in the 24-hour interval were assigned the baseline value for STPIS. Missing scores of STPIS with non-missing STPIS scores at earlier and later assessments were imputed using linear interpolation assuming the time of the missing assessment to be the nominal time since initial dose.
15 secondary outcomes
Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Over the 2 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID2)
Time frame: baseline (pre-dose), 2 hours post-dose (every 2 minutes for one hour; every 10 minutes until hour 2)
Time Weighted Summed Differences in Difficulty Swallowing Scale (DSS) During the Initial 2 Hours From Baseline
Time frame: baseline (pre-dose), 2 hours post-dose (every 10 minutes until hour 2)
Time Weighted Summed Differences in Difficulty Swallowing Scale (DSS) During the Initial 24 Hours From Baseline
Time frame: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose (every 10 minutes until hour 2, every 30 minutes until hour 6, hourly from 7-24 hours)
Time Weighted Summed Differences in Swollen Throat Scale (SwoTS) During the Initial 2 Hours From Baseline
Time frame: baseline (pre-dose), 2 hours post-dose (at 1 hour, 70 minutes, 80 minutes, 90 minutes, 100 minutes, 110 minutes, and 2 hours)
Time Weighted Summed Differences in Swollen Throat Scale (SwoTS) During the Initial 24 Hours From Baseline
Time frame: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose (1 hour, 70 minutes, 80 minutes, 90 minutes, 100 minutes, 110 minutes, 2 hours, 2½ hours, 3 hours, 3½ hours, 4 hours, 4½ hours, 5 hours, 5½ hours, and 6 hours after the first dose, hourly from 7-24 hours)
Change From Baseline at 24 Hours in the Tonsillo-Pharyngitis Assessment (TPA) Scores in Participants With Baseline TPA Scores >=8
Time frame: Baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose
Practitioner's Assessment of Pharyngeal Inflammation (P.A.I.N.) Scores at 24 Hours After Initial Dose
Time frame: 24 hours post-dose
Investigators' Clinical Assessment (CLIN) Of Study Medication as a Treatment for Sore Throat at 24 Hours After Initial Dose
Time frame: 24 hours
Participant Satisfaction Scores 24 Hours After Initial Dose
Time frame: 24 hours
Investigators' Clinical Assessment (CLIN) Of Study Medication as a Treatment for Sore Throat at the End of the Study (Day 7)
Time frame: Day 7
Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale Over 24 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID24) For Participants With Baseline Practitioner's Assessment of Pharyngeal Inflammation (PAIN) of Moderate or Severe
Time frame: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose (every 2 minutes for one hour; every 10 minutes until hour 2; every 30 minutes until hour 6; and every hour the participant was awake between hours 7-24)
Sore Throat Relief Rating Scale (STRRS) At 2 Hours After Initial Dose
Time frame: 2 hours
Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) at Each Post-Dose Time Point Until the Time Point at Which Comparison of the Arms Yielded a P-value <=0.05
Time frame: baseline (pre-dose), up to 23 hours post-dose (every 2 minutes for one hour; every 10 minutes until hour 2; every 30 minutes until hour 6; and every hour the participant was awake between hours 7-23)
Kaplan-Meier Estimates for Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Time to Definite Improvement
Time frame: 2 hours
Kaplan-Meier Estimates for Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Time to Definite Improvement Duration of Relief Using Participant-Defined Definite Improvement Levels (DIL)
Time frame: 6 hours
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Sep 2017.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publicationSchachtel BP, McCormick CG and Giefer EE. Patient-reported outcomes (PRO's) in the pharyngitis pain model. Abstract presented at the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) Scientific Conference, Montreal, Canada. 2009
- Results publicationSchachtel BP, Aspley S, Sternberg M, Berry P, Muir N, Sanner K, Rezuke J, Savino L, Shephard A, Shea T, Schachtel E. Onset of demulcent and analgesic activity of flurbiprofen lozenge. Int J Clin Pharm 2012;34:143-258.
- Results publicationAspley S, Schachtel B, Berry P, Shephard A, Sanner K, Shea T, Smith G. The Chief Complaint: evidence of its use as an endpoint in a clinical trial. Journal of Pain 2012;13(4)Supplement:S4.
- Results publicationAspley S, Schachtel B, Berry P, Shephard A, Sanner K, Savino L, Rezuke J, Shea T, Smith G. Treatment of odynophagia and dysphagia by flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges. Pain Research & Management 2012;17(3):203.
- Results publicationSchachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T,Sanner K, Smith G,Schachtel E. Efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75mg lozenges in patients with swollen/inflamed sore throat. Abstract presented at the 14th World Congress on Pain, 27 - 31 August 2012, Milan.
- Results publicationSchachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Smith G, Shephard A, Shea T, Schachtel E. A patient-centered method for determining onset of action. Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development 2012;1(4):194-195.
- Results publicationSchachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T, Smith G, Sanner K, Savino L, Rezuke J, Schachtel E. Efficacy and duration of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenge. Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development 2012;1(4):194.
- Results publicationSchachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T, Smith G, Schachtel E. A new cough model: de-hawthornizing a clinical trial. Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development 2012;1(4):195.
- Results publicationSchachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Sanner K, Shea T, Smith G, Schachtel E. Chief Complaint: the therapeutogenic stimulus as the primary, individualized endpoint in clinical trials. Journal of Pain 2012;13(4)Supplement:S6.
- Results publicationAspley S, Schachtel B, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T, Smith G, Schachtel E. Flurbiprofen lozenges in patients with a "bad sore throat". Journal of Pain 2013;14(4):S59.
- Results publicationSchachtel B, Aspley S, Berry P, Shephard A, Shea T, Smith G, Schachtel E. The "Definite Improvement Level" (DIL) as a determinant of drug efficacy. Journal of Pain 2013;14(4):S5.
- Results publicationShephard A, Smith G, Aspley S, Schachtel B. Efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges for streptococcal and non-streptococcal sore throat: pooled analysis of two randomised, placebo-controlled studies. Abstract presented at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), 27 - 30 April 2013, Berlin.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Timothy J Shea, BS study director
Reckitt Benckiser Inc.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing Flurbiprofen in people with Pharyngitis, run by Reckitt Benckiser LLC at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Sep 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 21 Sep 2017). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Over the 24 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID24) (time frame: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post-dose (every 2 minutes for one hour; every 10 minutes until hour 2; every 30 minutes until hour 6; and every hour the participant was awake between hours 7-24)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01049334, which also lists 15 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Sep 2017.