Congestive Heart FailureKaRenNCT01091467
Prospective Study of Heart Failure With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
An observational study of Congestive Heart Failure and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, run by French Cardiology Society at 2 sites in 2 countries.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to examine electrical and echocardiographic characteristics and prognosis of consecutive patients admitted with acute heart failure and diagnosed to have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Congestive Heart Failure, Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
- How many people
- 362 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesin 2 countries
- Study dates
- Oct 2008to Dec 2012
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Patients presenting to the hospital with congestive heart failure
Who may be able to join
- Patient presenting to the hospital with congestive heart failure, defined as:
- Clinical signs of heart failure
- Major criteria
- Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
- Orthopnea
- Jugular venous distension
Show all 20Show fewer
- Pulmonary crackling rales
- 3rd heart sound
- Cardiothoracic ratio > 0.5 on X-ray
- Pulmonary oedema on X-ray
- Minor Criteria
- peripheral oedema
- nocturnal cough
- dyspnoea at exercise
- hepatomegaly
- pleural effusion
- tachycardia (defined as ≥ 100 beats per minute)
- Heart failure if: presence of 2 major criteria or 1 major + 2 minor criteria
- LVEF ≥ 45% by echocardiography within 72h
- BNP > 100 ng/L or NT-proBNP > 300 ng/L
Who cannot join
- Evidence of primary hypertrophic or restrictive cardiomyopathy or systemic illness known to be associated with infiltrative heart disease
- Known cause of right heart failure not related to left ventricular dysfunction
- Pericardial constriction
- Clinically significant pulmonary disease, as evidenced by requirement of home oxygen.
- End-stage renal disease requiring dialysis
- Bi-ventricular pacemaker (CRT)
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 2 countries.
2 sites in 2 countries
About this study
Official title: Prospective Study of Heart Failure With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Prevalence, Characterisation and Prognostic Significance of Cardiac Desynchrony
The purpose of this study is to examine electrical and echocardiographic characteristics and prognosis of consecutive patients admitted with acute heart failure and diagnosed to have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF).
Read the detailed description
- Time 0: Patients will be screened at the time of presentation to the hospital at participating centres
- Usually patients will be hospitalised for an acute dyspnea in relation with a pulmonary congestion. This congestion does not necessarily justify a hospitalization and for part of the patients a consultation and a dedicated treatment would be good enough to cure the symptoms.
- Thus, patients seen in emergency for a congestion and diagnosed or known to have a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF > 45%) will be proposed to participate to the study.
- Patients meeting inclusion criteria will be invited back to the clinic in stable condition, approximately 4-8 weeks after the initial hospitalization.
- Time 4-8 weeks after initial hospitalisation (NOT after discharge): Comprehensive history-taking and examinations.
- Any information necessary for the study will be collected by the principal investigator in each participating center in a dedicated, secure, e-CRF. The access to the e-CRF will be restrictive to the only principal investigator of each center. The lonely other persons able to take look to the e-CRF are the study monitors.
- Time 6, 12, and 18 months: Follow up by phone call or review of charts or other records such as death registries. This part of the study will be performed by the CRAs in the French Society of Cardiology
- Conditions
- Congestive Heart Failure, Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
- Keywords
- Heart Failure, Ejection Fraction, Echocardiography
- Medical subject headings
- Heart Failure
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with HF | Each patient seen in hospital emergency or for congestive heart failure and with an ejection fraction above 45% |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Death rate
Analyse survival (all-cause death)
Measured: 18 months
Secondary outcomes (2)
Hospitalization for HF
Hospitalization for Heart Failure
Measured: 18 months
Cardiovascular death
Cardiovascular death
Measured: 18 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Mar 2010 (estimated)
- Study startOct 2008
- Primary completionDec 2012
- Study completionDec 2012
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (18)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Congestive Heart FailureStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 362 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- French Cardiology Society
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Donal Erwan, French Cardiology Society
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01091467
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 08140
- Acronym
- KaRen
- Status last verified
- Aug 2019
- First submitted
- 8 Mar 2010
- Last updated
- 8 Aug 2019
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Donal E, Lund LH, Linde C, Edner M, Lafitte S, Persson H, Bauer F, Ohrvik J, Ennezat PV, Hage C, Lofman I, Juilliere Y, Logeart D, Derumeaux G, Gueret P, Daubert JC. Rationale and design of the Karolinska-Rennes (KaRen) prospective study of dyssynchrony in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009 Feb;11(2):198-204. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfn025.
PubMed 19168519Donal E, Lund L, Linde C, Daubert JC; KaRen investigators. Is cardiac resynchronization therapy an option in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction? Justification for the ongoing KaRen project. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2010 Jun-Jul;103(6-7):404-10. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2010.01.009. Epub 2010 Jun 23.
PubMed 20800804Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Hage C, Persson H, Reynaud A, Ennezat PV, Bauer F, Sportouch-Dukhan C, Drouet E, Daubert JC, Linde C; KaRen Investigators. Baseline characteristics of patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction included in the Karolinska Rennes (KaRen) study. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Feb;107(2):112-21. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2013.11.002. Epub 2013 Dec 30.
PubMed 24388161Lund LH, Donal E, Oger E, Hage C, Persson H, Haugen-Lofman I, Ennezat PV, Sportouch-Dukhan C, Drouet E, Daubert JC, Linde C; KaRen Investigators. Association between cardiovascular vs. non-cardiovascular co-morbidities and outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2014 Sep;16(9):992-1001. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.137. Epub 2014 Jul 21.
PubMed 25046483Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Hage C, Persson H, Reynaud A, Ennezat PV, Bauer F, Drouet E, Linde C, Daubert C; KaRen investigators. New echocardiographic predictors of clinical outcome in patients presenting with heart failure and a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: a subanalysis of the Ka (Karolinska) Ren (Rennes) Study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015 Jul;17(7):680-8. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.291. Epub 2015 May 29.
PubMed 26033771Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Reynaud A, Schnell F, Persson H, Drouet E, Linde C, Daubert C; KaRen investigators. Value of exercise echocardiography in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a substudy from the KaRen study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Jan;17(1):106-13. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jev144. Epub 2015 Jun 16.
PubMed 26082167Hage C, Lund LH, Donal E, Daubert JC, Linde C, Mellbin L. Copeptin in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: a report from the prospective KaRen-study. Open Heart. 2015 Nov 3;2(1):e000260. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2015-000260. eCollection 2015.
PubMed 26568833Savarese G, Donal E, Hage C, Oger E, Persson H, Daubert JC, Linde C, Lund LH; KaRen investigators. Changes in natriuretic peptides after acute hospital presentation for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A feasible surrogate trial endpoint? A report from the prospective Karen study. Int J Cardiol. 2017 Jan 1;226:65-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.035. Epub 2016 Oct 17.
PubMed 27788392Bosseau C, Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Hage C, Mulak G, Daubert JC, Linde C; KaRen investigators. The prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in heart failure with preserved ejection function: insights from KaRen, a prospective and multicenter study. Heart Vessels. 2017 Jun;32(6):735-749. doi: 10.1007/s00380-016-0933-8. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
PubMed 28028584Hage C, Michaelsson E, Linde C, Donal E, Daubert JC, Gan LM, Lund LH. Inflammatory Biomarkers Predict Heart Failure Severity and Prognosis in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Holistic Proteomic Approach. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2017 Feb;10(1):e001633. doi: 10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.116.001633.
PubMed 28100627Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Bosseau C, Reynaud A, Hage C, Drouet E, Daubert JC, Linde C; KaRen Investigators. Importance of combined left atrial size and estimated pulmonary pressure for clinical outcome in patients presenting with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017 Jun 1;18(6):629-635. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jex005.
PubMed 28329385Nagy AI, Hage C, Merkely B, Donal E, Daubert JC, Linde C, Lund LH, Manouras A. Left atrial rather than left ventricular impaired mechanics are associated with the pro-fibrotic ST2 marker and outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Intern Med. 2018 Apr;283(4):380-391. doi: 10.1111/joim.12723. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
PubMed 29430747Savarese G, Donal E, Hage C, Oger E, Persson H, Daubert JC, Linde C, Lund LH; KaRen investigators. Corrigendum to "Changes in natriuretic peptides after acute hospital presentation for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A feasible surrogate trial endpoint? A report from the prospective Karen study" [Int. J. Cardiol. 226 (2017) 65-70]. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Jun 15;261:240. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.075. Epub 2018 Mar 27. No abstract available.
PubMed 29602583Faxen UL, Hage C, Donal E, Daubert JC, Linde C, Lund LH. Patient reported outcome in HFpEF: Sex-specific differences in quality of life and association with outcome. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Sep 15;267:128-132. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.04.102.
PubMed 29957252Persson H, Donal E, Lund LH, Matan D, Oger E, Hage C, Daubert JC, Linde C; KaRen Investigators. Importance of structural heart disease and diastolic dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction assessed according to the ESC guidelines - A substudy in the Ka (Karolinska) Ren (Rennes) study. Int J Cardiol. 2019 Jan 1;274:202-207. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.06.078. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
PubMed 30049496
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Aug 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Prospective Study of Heart Failure With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Prevalence, Characterisation and Prognostic Significance of Cardiac Desynchrony
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01091467
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- KaRen / 08140
- Conditions
- Congestive Heart Failure, Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
- Keywords
- Heart Failure, Ejection Fraction, Echocardiography
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 362 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- French Cardiology SocietyUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Oct 2008 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Dec 2012 (actual)
- Study completion
- Dec 2012 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Mar 2010 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to examine electrical and echocardiographic characteristics and prognosis of consecutive patients admitted with acute heart failure and diagnosed to have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF).
Detailed description
- Time 0: Patients will be screened at the time of presentation to the hospital at participating centres
- Usually patients will be hospitalised for an acute dyspnea in relation with a pulmonary congestion. This congestion does not necessarily justify a hospitalization and for part of the patients a consultation and a dedicated treatment would be good enough to cure the symptoms.
- Thus, patients seen in emergency for a congestion and diagnosed or known to have a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF > 45%) will be proposed to participate to the study.
- Patients meeting inclusion criteria will be invited back to the clinic in stable condition, approximately 4-8 weeks after the initial hospitalization.
- Time 4-8 weeks after initial hospitalisation (NOT after discharge): Comprehensive history-taking and examinations.
- Any information necessary for the study will be collected by the principal investigator in each participating center in a dedicated, secure, e-CRF. The access to the e-CRF will be restrictive to the only principal investigator of each center. The lonely other persons able to take look to the e-CRF are the study monitors.
- Time 6, 12, and 18 months: Follow up by phone call or review of charts or other records such as death registries. This part of the study will be performed by the CRAs in the French Society of Cardiology
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with HF | – | –Each patient seen in hospital emergency or for congestive heart failure and with an ejection fraction above 45% |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Patients presenting to the hospital with congestive heart failure
Key inclusion criteria (20 listed)
- Patient presenting to the hospital with congestive heart failure, defined as:
- Major criteria
- Minor Criteria
- Heart failure if: presence of 2 major criteria or 1 major + 2 minor criteria
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Evidence of primary hypertrophic or restrictive cardiomyopathy or systemic illness known to be associated with infiltrative heart disease
- Known cause of right heart failure not related to left ventricular dysfunction
- Pericardial constriction
- Clinically significant pulmonary disease, as evidenced by requirement of home oxygen.
- End-stage renal disease requiring dialysis
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Death rate
Time frame: 18 months
Analyse survival (all-cause death)
2 secondary outcomes
Hospitalization for HF
Time frame: 18 months
Cardiovascular death
Time frame: 18 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Aug 2019.
- Results publication: PubMed 19168519Donal E, Lund LH, Linde C, Edner M, Lafitte S, Persson H, Bauer F, Ohrvik J, Ennezat PV, Hage C, Lofman I, Juilliere Y, Logeart D, Derumeaux G, Gueret P, Daubert JC. Rationale and design of the Karolinska-Rennes (KaRen) prospective study of dyssynchrony in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009 Feb;11(2):198-204. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfn025.
- Results publication: PubMed 20800804Donal E, Lund L, Linde C, Daubert JC; KaRen investigators. Is cardiac resynchronization therapy an option in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction? Justification for the ongoing KaRen project. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2010 Jun-Jul;103(6-7):404-10. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2010.01.009. Epub 2010 Jun 23.
- Results publication: PubMed 24388161Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Hage C, Persson H, Reynaud A, Ennezat PV, Bauer F, Sportouch-Dukhan C, Drouet E, Daubert JC, Linde C; KaRen Investigators. Baseline characteristics of patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction included in the Karolinska Rennes (KaRen) study. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Feb;107(2):112-21. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2013.11.002. Epub 2013 Dec 30.
- Results publication: PubMed 25046483Lund LH, Donal E, Oger E, Hage C, Persson H, Haugen-Lofman I, Ennezat PV, Sportouch-Dukhan C, Drouet E, Daubert JC, Linde C; KaRen Investigators. Association between cardiovascular vs. non-cardiovascular co-morbidities and outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2014 Sep;16(9):992-1001. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.137. Epub 2014 Jul 21.
- Results publication: PubMed 26033771Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Hage C, Persson H, Reynaud A, Ennezat PV, Bauer F, Drouet E, Linde C, Daubert C; KaRen investigators. New echocardiographic predictors of clinical outcome in patients presenting with heart failure and a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: a subanalysis of the Ka (Karolinska) Ren (Rennes) Study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015 Jul;17(7):680-8. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.291. Epub 2015 May 29.
- Results publication: PubMed 26082167Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Reynaud A, Schnell F, Persson H, Drouet E, Linde C, Daubert C; KaRen investigators. Value of exercise echocardiography in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a substudy from the KaRen study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Jan;17(1):106-13. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jev144. Epub 2015 Jun 16.
- Results publication: PubMed 26568833Hage C, Lund LH, Donal E, Daubert JC, Linde C, Mellbin L. Copeptin in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: a report from the prospective KaRen-study. Open Heart. 2015 Nov 3;2(1):e000260. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2015-000260. eCollection 2015.
- Results publication: PubMed 27788392Savarese G, Donal E, Hage C, Oger E, Persson H, Daubert JC, Linde C, Lund LH; KaRen investigators. Changes in natriuretic peptides after acute hospital presentation for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A feasible surrogate trial endpoint? A report from the prospective Karen study. Int J Cardiol. 2017 Jan 1;226:65-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.035. Epub 2016 Oct 17.
- Results publication: PubMed 28028584Bosseau C, Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Hage C, Mulak G, Daubert JC, Linde C; KaRen investigators. The prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in heart failure with preserved ejection function: insights from KaRen, a prospective and multicenter study. Heart Vessels. 2017 Jun;32(6):735-749. doi: 10.1007/s00380-016-0933-8. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
- Results publication: PubMed 28100627Hage C, Michaelsson E, Linde C, Donal E, Daubert JC, Gan LM, Lund LH. Inflammatory Biomarkers Predict Heart Failure Severity and Prognosis in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Holistic Proteomic Approach. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2017 Feb;10(1):e001633. doi: 10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.116.001633.
- Results publication: PubMed 28329385Donal E, Lund LH, Oger E, Bosseau C, Reynaud A, Hage C, Drouet E, Daubert JC, Linde C; KaRen Investigators. Importance of combined left atrial size and estimated pulmonary pressure for clinical outcome in patients presenting with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017 Jun 1;18(6):629-635. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jex005.
- Results publication: PubMed 29430747Nagy AI, Hage C, Merkely B, Donal E, Daubert JC, Linde C, Lund LH, Manouras A. Left atrial rather than left ventricular impaired mechanics are associated with the pro-fibrotic ST2 marker and outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Intern Med. 2018 Apr;283(4):380-391. doi: 10.1111/joim.12723. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
Related trials for Congestive Heart Failure
RecruitingPhase 2/3
Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Vericiguat in Pediatric Participants With Heart Failure Due to Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction (MK-1242-036)
Heart Failure, Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
RecruitingPhase 1/2
HS235 Study in Overweight and Obese Participants With Combined Pre and Post-Capillary Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Pulmonary Hypertension, Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Active, not recruiting
Heart Failure Patient Management and Interventions Using Continuous Patient Monitoring Outside Hospitals and Real-world Data
Chronic Heart Failure, Heart Transplant Recipient
Enrolling by invitationObservational study
Multi-Scale Analysis of Phenotypes in Heart Failure (MAP-HEART)
Heart Failure
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Real-world Effectiveness and Safety of Savagen (Sacubitril/Valsartan) in Malaysian HFrEF Patients
Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF), Heart Failure
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
2 sites in 2 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Congestive Heart Failure and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, run by French Cardiology Society at 2 sites in 2 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 20 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Aug 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in France, Sweden. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Death rate (time frame: 18 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01091467, which also lists 18 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Aug 2019.