AzTrials
AzTrials

Dietary BehaviorLIITBNCT01292434

Lunch is in the Bag: Helping Parents Increase Fruit, Vegetables, and Whole Grains in Preschool Sack Lunches

A study testing Lunch is in the Bag behavioral intervention in people with Dietary Behavior, run by The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston at 2 sites in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
Search all trials

Trial summary

Lunch is in the Bag is an intervention designed to increase fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in sack lunches prepared for preschool children. Lunch is in the Bag includes 5 weeks of parent handouts, classroom activities related to topics in the handouts, parent and child activities to reinforce behavioral… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 3 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Dietary Behavior
What is being tested?
Lunch is in the Bag behavioral intervention
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
1,266 participants
Where
2 sitesUnited States
Study dates
Jun 2008to May 2013
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 3 to 60 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Child, Adult

Who may be able to join

  • One parent (or guardian)-child dyad per family
  • The parent or guardian member of the dyad is the person primarily responsible for packing the child's lunch and is able to read English language materials written at the 6th grade level
  • The child member of the dyad is age 3 to 5 and participates in daily care during a full day that includes the hours when children eat their lunch

Who cannot join

  • None

Trial locations and contacts

2 sites in 1 country.

United States2 sites
  • University of Texas School of Public Health Austin Regional Campus

    Austin, Texas, 78701

  • Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Ecology, University of Texas at Austin

    Austin, Texas, 78712

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Lunch in the Bag: Packing More Fruit, Vegetables, Grain in Preschool Sack Lunches

Lunch is in the Bag is an intervention designed to increase fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in sack lunches prepared for preschool children. Lunch is in the Bag includes 5 weeks of parent handouts, classroom activities related to topics in the handouts, parent and child activities to reinforce behavioral constructs, and a one week booster 22 weeks later.

The primary study hypothesis is that Lunch is in the Bag will increase fruit, vegetables, and whole grains in sack lunches. Additional hypotheses are that lunches at child care centers where the program is used will have higher dietary quality than centers without the program and that children at the centers where the program is used will have a smaller increase in body mass index than children at centers with the program.

Read more

The study will also look at the child's home environment and the childcare center. Hypotheses for this research question include

  1. Children at centers with Lunch is in the Bag will have greater frequency of eating fruits, vegetables, and whole grains at home than those at centers without the program.
  2. Compared to parents at centers without the program, parents of children at centers with Lunch is in the Bag will have
  3. Greater knowledge, expected benefits, support, intentions, and belief in their ability for packing fruit, vegetables, and whole grain in their child's sack lunch daily.
  4. Availability of fruit, vegetable, and whole grain in the home pantry.
  5. Number of lunches with temperature in the safe range at time of service.
Read the detailed description

Lunch is in the Bag is a behaviorally-based, multilevel intervention to increase the availability of fruits, vegetables and whole grains in sack lunches for preschool children. The Lunch is in the Bag program was designed to fit within the limited time available for parents at childcare centers, and includes 5 weeks of parent handouts, classroom activities related to topics in the handouts, parent and child activities to reinforce behavioral constructs, and a one week booster 22 weeks later.

The primary aim of this proposal is to determine if Lunch is in the Bag program improves the nutrient composition of sack lunches parents pack for children. The primary hypothesis for this aim:

  • At 6-week and 28-week follow-up periods, compared to children's lunches at the comparison centers, children's lunches in the intervention group will, on average, contain more servings of: a) fruit; b) vegetables; c) whole grains.

The secondary hypotheses for this aim:

  1. At 6-week and 28-week follow-up periods, compared to children's lunches at the comparison centers, children's lunches at the intervention centers on average will have higher dietary quality relative to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for energy, dietary fiber, carbohydrate, saturated fat, trans fat, vitamin A, calcium, iron, and zinc.
  2. At 28-week follow-up periods, children at intervention centers will have smaller increase in BMI compared to children in comparison centers.

The secondary aim of this study is to examine effects of the intervention on psychosocial, behavioral, and environmental supports in the child's home environment. Hypotheses for this aim:

At 6-week and 28-week follow-up periods,

  1. Compared to children at the comparison centers, children at the intervention centers on average will have greater frequency of eating fruits, vegetables, and whole grain foods at home.
  2. Compared to parents of children at the comparison centers, parents of children at the intervention centers on average will have greater
  3. Behavioral capability/knowledge, perceived behavioral control/self-efficacy, expected benefits/attitudes, subjective norms/social support, and intentions for packing fruit, vegetable, and whole grain in the child's lunch sack daily.
  4. Amount of parent-child cooperation in lunch packing decisions and behaviors.
  5. Availability of fruit, vegetable, and whole grain in the home pantry.
  6. Number of lunches with temperature in the safe range at time of service.

Additional aims include the evaluation of factors affecting implementation and adaption of the program.

Childcare centers (n=40) that require parents to send sack lunches from home will be randomized to intervention and control groups. Families (n=800) will be enrolled as parent-child dyads comprised of the primary lunch packer and one 3 to 5 year old child per family. Outcome measures will be assessed at (1) baseline, (2) immediately after the five-week intervention (6 weeks), (3) 3 months later immediately before a "booster" activity (23 weeks), and (4) 5 weeks after the booster (28 weeks). Mediation analyses will be guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), with particular attention to the reciprocal influences of the child's eating behavior and the parent's food packing behavior and perceptions of child food preferences. Qualitative and process data collection will be conducted throughout the intervention. Data from this study will enable us to determine the efficacy and feasibility of a parent-based intervention implemented through childcare centers to increase the availability of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in diets of preschool children. The ultimate goal for this work is the development of new strategies for the promotion of healthy eating practices in children through childcare centers, which will decrease their risk of cancer and other chronic diseases later in life.

Being tested
Lunch is in the Bag behavioral intervention
Keywords
Diet, Obesity, Child Preschool, Treatment Outcome, Body Mass Index, Intervention Studies, Randomized Controlled Trial, Child Day Care Centers, Schools Nursery, Child Care
Medical subject headings
Obesity

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Lunch is in the Bag behavioral interventionBehavioural

    Also called Lunch is in the Bag, LiitB

    Multi-component behavior-based activities, includes: parent handouts, teacher training, age-appropriate child classroom activities, parent/child activity stations

Study groups in NCT01292434
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Lunch in the Bag InterventionExperimentalLunch is in the Bag behavioral intervention: Parents receive a behavioral intervention that includes handouts/newsletters sent to parents from the early care and education (ECE) center, classroom activities and projects, an implementation support calendar, and teacher training.
Receives: Behavioral: Lunch is in the Bag behavioral intervention
ControlNo interventionParents received no specific nutrition education intervention at the ECE center, other than usual practice.

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change in fruit, vegetable, whole grain in the lunch sack from baseline to 6 weeks, 22 weeks, and 28 weeks

    Servings of fruit, vegetable, whole grain in the lunch sack

    Measured: Baseline, 6 weeks, 22 weeks, 28 weeks

Secondary outcomes (6)
  1. Nutrient evaluation of the lunch sack: change in nutrient contents from baseline to 6 weeks, 22 weeks, and 28 weeks

    Nutrient analysis of the contents of all foods in the child's lunch sack

    Measured: baseline, 6 weeks 22 weeks, 28 weeks

  2. Increase in body mass index from baseline to 28 weeks

    Child's body mass index at 28 weeks compared to baseline obtained by direct measure of child's height and weight.

    Measured: baseline, 28 weeks

  3. Change in parental psychosocial variables from baseline to 6 weeks, 22 weeks, and 28 weeks

    Variables measuring parents' behavioral capability/knowledge, perceived behavioral control/self efficacy, expected benefits/attitudes, subjective norms/social support, and intentions for packing fruit, vegetable, and whole grain in the child's lunch sack daily, measured by a parent questionnaire.

    Measured: baseline, 6 weeks, 22 weeks, 28 weeks

  4. Change in food availability at home from baseline to 6 weeks, 22 weeks, and 28 weeks

    Amount of fruit, vegetable, and whole grain available in the child's house measured by home inventory tool.

    Measured: baseline, 6 weeks, 22 weeks, 28 weeks

  5. Change in measured temperature of foods in the lunch sack from from baseline to 6 weeks, 22 weeks, and 28 weeks

    Temperature of foods at time of service at the childcare center, as measured by a temperature gun.

    Measured: baseline, 6 weeks, 22 weeks, 28 weeks

  6. Change in nutrition environment at the center from baseline to 6 weeks, 22 weeks, and 28 weeks

    Childcare center's environment regarding support for children's intake of recommended amounts of energy, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

    Measured: baseline, 6 weeks, 22 weeks, 28 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted9 Feb 2011 (estimated)
  2. Study startJun 2008
  3. Primary completionMay 2013
  4. Study completionMay 2013

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
1,266 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT01292434
Sponsor's protocol ID
LitB-UT-01
Acronym
LIITB
Status last verified
Nov 2020
First submitted
3 Feb 2011
Last updated
10 Nov 2020
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Briley ME, Ranjit N, Hoelscher DM, Sweitzer SJ, Almansour F, Roberts-Gray C. Unbundling outcomes of a multilevel intervention to increase fruit, vegetables, and whole grains parents pack for their preschool children in sack lunches. Am J Health Educ. 2012 May;43(3):135-142. doi: 10.1080/19325037.2012.10599230. Epub 2012 May 1.

    PubMed 23243631
  • Sweitzer SJ, Ranjit N, Calloway EE, Hoelscher DM, Almansor F, Briley ME, Roberts-Gray CR. Examining How Adding a Booster to a Behavioral Nutrition Intervention Prompts Parents to Pack More Vegetables and Whole Gains in Their Preschool Children's Sack Lunches. Behav Med. 2016;42(1):9-17. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2014.935283. Epub 2014 Oct 10.

    PubMed 24971674
  • Sweitzer SJ, Byrd-Williams CE, Ranjit N, Romo-Palafox MJ, Briley ME, Roberts-Gray CR, Hoelscher DM. Development of a Method to Observe Preschoolers' Packed Lunches in Early Care and Education Centers. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2015 Aug;115(8):1249-59. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.03.012. Epub 2015 May 12.

    PubMed 25975458
  • Sharma SV, Rashid T, Ranjit N, Byrd-Williams C, Chuang RJ, Roberts-Gray C, Briley M, Sweitzer S, Hoelscher DM. Effectiveness of the Lunch is in the Bag program on communication between the parent, child and child-care provider around fruits, vegetables and whole grain foods: A group-randomized controlled trial. Prev Med. 2015 Dec;81:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.07.005. Epub 2015 Jul 17.

    PubMed 26190371
  • Romo-Palafox MJ, Ranjit N, Sweitzer SJ, Roberts-Gray C, Hoelscher DM, Byrd-Williams CE, Briley ME. Dietary Quality of Preschoolers' Sack Lunches as Measured by the Healthy Eating Index. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2015 Nov;115(11):1779-88. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.05.017. Epub 2015 Jul 17.

    PubMed 26190228
  • Roberts-Gray C, Briley ME, Ranjit N, Byrd-Williams CE, Sweitzer SJ, Sharma SV, Palafox MR, Hoelscher DM. Efficacy of the Lunch is in the Bag intervention to increase parents' packing of healthy bag lunches for young children: a cluster-randomized trial in early care and education centers. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016 Jan 8;13:3. doi: 10.1186/s12966-015-0326-x.

    PubMed 26746876
  • Romo-Palafox MJ, Ranjit N, Sweitzer SJ, Roberts-Gray C, Byrd-Williams CE, Briley ME, Hoelscher DM. Adequacy of Parent-Packed Lunches and Preschooler's Consumption Compared to Dietary Reference Intake Recommendations. J Am Coll Nutr. 2017 Mar-Apr;36(3):169-176. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2016.1240634. Epub 2017 Jan 12.

    PubMed 28080325
  • Roberts-Gray C, Sweitzer SJ, Ranjit N, Potratz C, Rood M, Romo-Palafox MJ, Byrd-Williams CE, Briley ME, Hoelscher DM. Structuring Process Evaluation to Forecast Use and Sustainability of an Intervention: Theory and Data From the Efficacy Trial for Lunch Is in the Bag. Health Educ Behav. 2017 Aug;44(4):559-569. doi: 10.1177/1090198116676470. Epub 2016 Nov 17.

    PubMed 27864471

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Lunch is in the Bag behavioral intervention in people with Dietary Behavior, run by The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston at 2 sites in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Nov 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change in fruit, vegetable, whole grain in the lunch sack from baseline to 6 weeks, 22 weeks, and 28 weeks (time frame: Baseline, 6 weeks, 22 weeks, 28 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01292434, which also lists 8 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Nov 2020.

Free account

Log in to keep searching

You’ve used your 3 free searches. AzTrials is free: log in or create a free account to keep searching clinical trials and save the ones you want to follow.

Create a free accountLog in