Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Phase1NCT01434030
Development of a Behavioral Observer for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
A study testing Focus Group in people with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, run by University of Virginia at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Development of a bio-behavioral stochastic model-predictive controller (SMPC) for use as an artificial pancreas in T1DM requires fundamental behavioral and physiology studies, as well as translational modeling and engineering development. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 21 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
- What is being tested?
- Focus Group
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 57 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Apr 2010to Jun 2011
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 21 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (as defined by the American Diabetes Association criteria or judgment of a physician) for at least two years prior to the enrollment in the study.
- Use of an insulin pump to treat their diabetes for at least six months.
- Actively using a bolus calculator function with the current insulin pump with pre-defined parameters for glucose goal, carbohydrate ratio, and insulin sensitivity factor.
- Age 21 - 65 years. The investigators will not be studying children since the DexCom Seven® Plus is not approved for use in children. Adults over age 65 are likely to have medical exclusions for the follow-up Phase 2 study, which involves induced hypoglycemia.
- Willingness to participate in the study for 6 weeks wearing a DexCom Seven® Plus CGM and OmniPod® insulin pump, performing self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) with the integral FreeStyle glucometer 4 times per day (before meals and bedtime) in addition to SMBG required to calibrate the CGM or to validate a low or high BG alarm (<70 mg/dl or >300 mg/dl), and recording behavioral events by tagging SMGB values throughout the study with meal and activity descriptors.
- Willingness to avoid consumption of acetaminophen-containing products for the duration of the study.
- Demonstration of proper mental status and cognition for completion of the study.
Who cannot join
- Pregnancy
- Psychiatric disorders that would interfere with study tasks (e.g. mental retardation, substance abuse)
- History of a systemic deep tissue infection with methicillin-resistant staph aureus or Candida albicans
- Known bleeding diathesis or dyscrasia
- Active enrollment in another clinical trial
- Medical requirement for acetaminophen-containing products during the study period for more than 1 week
- Medical condition that would make operating a CGM or insulin pump difficult (e.g. blindness, severe arthritis, extensive scar tissue at sites where devices are inserted).
- Need for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) during the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of Virginia - Center for Diabetes Technology
Charlottesville, Virginia, 22901
About this study
Development of a bio-behavioral stochastic model-predictive controller (SMPC) for use as an artificial pancreas in T1DM requires fundamental behavioral and physiology studies, as well as translational modeling and engineering development. In order to be successful, closed-loop control in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) must adapt to individual physiologic characteristics and to the behavioral profile of each person. An essential part of this adaptation is biosystem (patient) observation. The investigators propose to lay the foundation for a closed-loop control system which will include algorithmic observers of patients' behavior and metabolic state.
Read the detailed description
This intensive descriptive study will follow 60 adults with T1DM who are currently experienced with insulin pump use for a two-week training period plus a one month active study period during which the DexCom SEVEN® PLUS Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) will be used in tandem with the OmniPod® Insulin Management System. The OmniPod® has a built in FreeStyle glucometer that allows tagging of food and activity-related treatment behaviors with each self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) value. The OmniPod® personal digital assistant (PDA) also stores information about insulin delivery and meal size in relation to the carbohydrate content. Parallel recording of CGM and behavioral data, as well as psychometric instruments will produce a rich synchronized data set for each person that will ultimately lead to the development of a behavioral event generator for use in future open-loop and closed-loop control algorithms for intelligent insulin dosing.
- Conditions
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
- Being tested
- Focus Group
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Focus GroupBehavioural
Focus group methodology was chosen to obtain qualitative and quantitative data on participants' desire to use glucose advisory systems to manage their diabetes, their concerns about and desired features and functions of these systems, and their perceived confidence with behavioral event recording. At the outset of each interview, the personalized glucose advisory system (PGASystem) was described to participants as a system composed of a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) device and insulin pump, into which they would input daily information about their insulin, food, and physical activity. The system would then use their data to create personalized algorithms and advice about various aspects of their diabetes management, such as suggestions regarding bolus and basal rate dosing. The interview consisted of open-ended, multiple choice, and dichotomous questions.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Behavioral Observer | Other | Focus group methodology was chosen to obtain qualitative and quantitative data on participants' desire to use glucose advisory systems to manage their diabetes, their concerns about and desired features and functions of these systems, and their perceived confidence with behavioral event recording. At the outset of each interview, the personalized glucose advisory system (PGASystem) was described to participants as a system composed of a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) device and insulin pump, into which they would input daily information about their insulin, food, and physical activity. The system would then use their data to create personalized algorithms and advice about various aspects of their diabetes management, such as suggestions regarding bolus and basal rate dosing. The interview consisted of open-ended, multiple choice, and dichotomous questions. Receives: Behavioral: Focus Group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Desire to Receive Advice From Personal Glucose Advisory System (PGASystem)
The categories below indicate types of information that could be received from a PGASystem and the percentage of participants who stated that they would like to receive this type of information from a PGASystem.
Measured: 2 hour focus group
Secondary outcomes (1)
Willingness to Follow PGASystem Advice
The categories below indicate types of information that could be received from a PGASystem and the percentage of participants who stated that they would follow this type of advice from a PGASystem.
Measured: 2 hour focus group
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 Sep 2011 (estimated)
- Study startApr 2010
- Primary completionJun 2011
- Study completionJun 2011
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of VirginiaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 57 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Virginia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Boris Kovatchev, PhD, University of Virginia
- Investigators
- Boris P Kovatchev, Ph.D., Principal investigator, University of Virginia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01434030
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 14956
- Other IDs
- R01DK085623
- Acronym
- Phase1
- Status last verified
- Aug 2014
- First submitted
- 12 Sep 2011
- Last updated
- 4 Sep 2014
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Shepard JA, Gonder-Frederick L, Vajda K, Kovatchev B. Patient perspectives on personalized glucose advisory systems for type 1 diabetes management. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2012 Oct;14(10):858-61. doi: 10.1089/dia.2012.0122. Epub 2012 Aug 2.
PubMed 22856588
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 Sep 2014. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Development of a Behavioral Observer for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01434030
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Phase1 / 14956
- Conditions
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 57 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of VirginiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- Study start
- Apr 2010
- Primary completion
- Jun 2011 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jun 2011 (actual)
- First posted
- 14 Sep 2011 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 25 Aug 2014
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Development of a bio-behavioral stochastic model-predictive controller (SMPC) for use as an artificial pancreas in T1DM requires fundamental behavioral and physiology studies, as well as translational modeling and engineering development. In order to be successful, closed-loop control in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) must adapt to individual physiologic characteristics and to the behavioral profile of each person. An essential part of this adaptation is biosystem (patient) observation. The investigators propose to lay the foundation for a closed-loop control system which will include algorithmic observers of patients' behavior and metabolic state.
Detailed description
This intensive descriptive study will follow 60 adults with T1DM who are currently experienced with insulin pump use for a two-week training period plus a one month active study period during which the DexCom SEVEN® PLUS Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) will be used in tandem with the OmniPod® Insulin Management System. The OmniPod® has a built in FreeStyle glucometer that allows tagging of food and activity-related treatment behaviors with each self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) value. The OmniPod® personal digital assistant (PDA) also stores information about insulin delivery and meal size in relation to the carbohydrate content. Parallel recording of CGM and behavioral data, as well as psychometric instruments will produce a rich synchronized data set for each person that will ultimately lead to the development of a behavioral event generator for use in future open-loop and closed-loop control algorithms for intelligent insulin dosing.
Study design
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Behavioral Observer | Other | Behavioral: Focus GroupFocus group methodology was chosen to obtain qualitative and quantitative data on participants' desire to use glucose advisory systems to manage their diabetes, their concerns about and desired features and functions of these systems, and their perceived confidence with behavioral event recording. At the outset of each interview, the personalized glucose advisory system (PGASystem) was described to participants as a system composed of a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) device and insulin pump, into which they would input daily information about their insulin, food, and physical activity. The system would then use their data to create personalized algorithms and advice about various aspects of their diabetes management, such as suggestions regarding bolus and basal rate dosing. The interview consisted of open-ended, multiple choice, and dichotomous questions. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 21 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (as defined by the American Diabetes Association criteria or judgment of a physician) for at least two years prior to the enrollment in the study.
- Use of an insulin pump to treat their diabetes for at least six months.
- Actively using a bolus calculator function with the current insulin pump with pre-defined parameters for glucose goal, carbohydrate ratio, and insulin sensitivity factor.
- Age 21 - 65 years. The investigators will not be studying children since the DexCom Seven® Plus is not approved for use in children. Adults over age 65 are likely to have medical exclusions for the follow-up Phase 2 study, which involves induced hypoglycemia.
- Willingness to participate in the study for 6 weeks wearing a DexCom Seven® Plus CGM and OmniPod® insulin pump, performing self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) with the integral FreeStyle glucometer 4 times per day (before meals and bedtime) in addition to SMBG required to calibrate the CGM or to validate a low or high BG alarm (<70 mg/dl or >300 mg/dl), and recording behavioral events by tagging SMGB values throughout the study with meal and activity descriptors.
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Pregnancy
- Psychiatric disorders that would interfere with study tasks (e.g. mental retardation, substance abuse)
- History of a systemic deep tissue infection with methicillin-resistant staph aureus or Candida albicans
- Known bleeding diathesis or dyscrasia
- Active enrollment in another clinical trial
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Focus GroupFocus group methodology was chosen to obtain qualitative and quantitative data on participants' desire to use glucose advisory systems to manage their diabetes, their concerns about and desired features and functions of these systems, and their perceived confidence with behavioral event recording. At the outset of each interview, the personalized glucose advisory system (PGASystem) was described to participants as a system composed of a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) device and insulin pump, into which they would input daily information about their insulin, food, and physical activity. The system would then use their data to create personalized algorithms and advice about various aspects of their diabetes management, such as suggestions regarding bolus and basal rate dosing. The interview consisted of open-ended, multiple choice, and dichotomous questions. | Behavioural | Behavioral Observer |
Primary outcome
Desire to Receive Advice From Personal Glucose Advisory System (PGASystem)
Time frame: 2 hour focus group
The categories below indicate types of information that could be received from a PGASystem and the percentage of participants who stated that they would like to receive this type of information from a PGASystem.
1 secondary outcome
Willingness to Follow PGASystem Advice
Time frame: 2 hour focus group
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 Sep 2014.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 22856588Shepard JA, Gonder-Frederick L, Vajda K, Kovatchev B. Patient perspectives on personalized glucose advisory systems for type 1 diabetes management. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2012 Oct;14(10):858-61. doi: 10.1089/dia.2012.0122. Epub 2012 Aug 2.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Boris P Kovatchev, Ph.D. principal investigator
University of Virginia
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Focus Group in people with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, run by University of Virginia at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 Sep 2014. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 25 Aug 2014). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Desire to Receive Advice From Personal Glucose Advisory System (PGASystem) (time frame: 2 hour focus group). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01434030, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 Sep 2014; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 6 Nov 2026.