Congenital Heart DiseaseNCT01579513
Corticosteroid Therapy in Neonates Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass
A study testing Methylprednisolone in people with Congenital Heart Disease and Disorder of Fetus or Newborn, run by Medical University of South Carolina at 2 sites in United States.
Trial summary
Although cardiopulmonary bypass (heart-lung machine) is a necessary component of heart surgery, it is not without consequences. Cardiopulmonary bypass initiates a potent inflammatory response secondary to the body's recognition of the abnormal environment of the heart-lung machine. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages Up to 30 days
- Conditions the study is for
- Congenital Heart Disease, Disorder of Fetus or Newborn
- What is being tested?
- Methylprednisolone
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 190 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- Jun 2012to 19 Dec 2018
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Up to 30 days
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Age < 1 month
- Male and female patients who are scheduled to undergo cardiac surgery involving CPB
Who cannot join
- Prematurity: < 37 weeks post gestational age at time of surgery
- Treatment with intravenous steroids within the two days prior to scheduled surgery.
- Participation in research studies involving the evaluation of investigational drugs within 30 days of randomization.
- Suspected infection that would contraindicate steroid use (eg - Herpes)
- Known hypersensitivity to IVMP or one of its components or other contraindication to steroid therapy (eg - gastrointestinal bleeding).
- Preoperative use of mechanical circulatory support or active resuscitation at the time of proposed randomization.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
United States2 sites
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia, 30233
Medical University of South Carolina, Pediatric Cardiology
Charleston, South Carolina, 29425
About this study
Although cardiopulmonary bypass (heart-lung machine) is a necessary component of heart surgery, it is not without consequences. Cardiopulmonary bypass initiates a potent inflammatory response secondary to the body's recognition of the abnormal environment of the heart-lung machine. This inflammatory response may lead to poor heart, lung and kidney function after the heart surgery. This is turn can lead to longer times on the ventilator (breathing machine), the need for higher doses of heart medications, a longer stay in the intensive care unit and even death. This is particularly true in infants less than one month of age due to their size and the immaturity of their organs. The appreciation of the post-cardiopulmonary bypass inflammatory response has resulted in a number of interventions directed at its reduction. No therapy has been recognized as the standard of care; however steroid therapy has been applied most often despite unclear evidence of a benefit. This study aims to determine if steroids improve the outcomes of babies undergoing heart surgery.
Read the detailed description
This study is a multi-institutional randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial of the use of glucocorticoids to improve the clinical course of neonates following cardiac surgery. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is critical to cardiac surgery, but the pathophysiologic processes engendered by CPB play an important role in post-operative recovery. The use, doses and schedule of glucocortiocoid administration to ameliorate these CPB induced processes is highly variable and without clear data to provide direction. The Primary Aim of this study is to compare the effects of intraoperative methylprednisolone to placebo on a composite morbidity-mortality outcome following neonatal CPB. Secondary Endpoints include: inotropic requirements, incidence of low cardiac output syndrome, fluid balance, ICU stay parameters, levels of inflammatory molecules, neuro-developmental outcomes, and safety parameters. The study will focus on neonates because their post-CPB clinical course is typically more severe, and that high level of severity itself provides a substrate for identifying the positive effects of a particular therapy. Finally, a therapy identified as beneficial has the greatest potential for benefit in this vulnerable population
- Being tested
- Methylprednisolone, Placebo
- Keywords
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB), System Inflammatory Response, inflammation, Methylprednisolone, Neonates, Steroid, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Children, Infants, Pediatrics, Glucocorticoid, Heart Disease, Heart Defects, Congenital, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Abnormalities, Corticosteroid, methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate, Hormones, Physiological Effects of Drugs, Randomized Clinical Trial
- Medical subject headings
- Heart Defects, Congenital, Fetal Diseases, Inflammation, Heart Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Abnormalities
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Also called Solulmedrol, Medrol, Corticosteroid, Steroid
Methylprednisolone at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight and a concentration of 62.5 mg/cc. The study drug will be delivered in a blinded fashion to the anesthesiologist and will be administered intravenously with the induction of anesthesia.
PlaceboDrug
Also called Normal Saline
Normal saline will be drawn up in an identical volume to that needed for active study drug. The study drug will be delivered in a blinded fashion to the anesthesiologist and will be administered intravenously with the induction of anesthesia.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intraoperative Methylprednisone | Active comparator | Neonates with congenital heart disease requiring surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) in the first month of life that receive one dose of intravenous methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) during anesthetic induction. Receives: Drug: Methylprednisolone |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Neonates with congenital heart disease requiring surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in the first month of life that receive one dose of placebo (normal saline) during anesthetic induction. Receives: Drug: Placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of Participants With a Clinically Derived Composite Morbidity-mortality Outcome
The composite morbidity-mortality outcome will be met if any of the following occur after surgery but before hospital discharge: death, cardiac arrest, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, renal insufficiency (creatinine more than two times normal), hepatic insufficiency (aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase more than two times normal), or rising lactic acidosis (>5mmol/L). This outcome was choosen because death rarely occurs in this population. We have found this endpoint to be highly associated with other important clinical outcomes in this population.
Measured: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks
Secondary outcomes (4)
Duration of Mechanical Ventilation Post Cardiac Surgery.
Amount of time on mechanical ventilation following cardiac surgery
Measured: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks
Intensive Care Unit Stay
Amount of time in the intensive care unit following cardiac surgery
Measured: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks
Hospital Stay
Total duration of hospital stay following cardiac surgery
Measured: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks
Neurodevelopmental Outcome
Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development version 3 at 1 year. Cognitive, language, and motor composite scores will be used. The general population has a mean of 100 with a standard deviation of 15 for each composite score. Higher scores are better. The minimum composite score is 46 and maximum 154.
Measured: 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Apr 2012 (estimated)
- Study startJun 2012
- Primary completion25 May 2018
- Study completion19 Dec 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Congenital Heart DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Medical University of South CarolinaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 190 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Medical University of South Carolina
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Eric M Graham, MD, Principal investigator, Medical University of South Carolina
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01579513
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Pro16545
- Other IDs
- R01HL112968
- Status last verified
- Nov 2019
- First submitted
- 13 Apr 2012
- Last updated
- 9 Dec 2019
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Graham EM, Atz AM, Butts RJ, Baker NL, Zyblewski SC, Deardorff RL, DeSantis SM, Reeves ST, Bradley SM, Spinale FG. Standardized preoperative corticosteroid treatment in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery: results from a randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2011 Dec;142(6):1523-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.04.019. Epub 2011 May 20.
PubMed 21600592Seghaye MC. The clinical implications of the systemic inflammatory reaction related to cardiac operations in children. Cardiol Young. 2003 Jun;13(3):228-39. doi: 10.1017/s1047951103000465. No abstract available.
PubMed 12903869Seghaye MC, Heyl W, Grabitz RG, Schumacher K, von Bernuth G, Rath W, Duchateau J. The production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in neonates assessed by stimulated whole cord blood culture and by plasma levels at birth. Biol Neonate. 1998;73(4):220-7. doi: 10.1159/000013980.
PubMed 9551188Checchia PA, Bronicki RA, Costello JM, Nelson DP. Steroid use before pediatric cardiac operations using cardiopulmonary bypass: an international survey of 36 centers. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005 Jul;6(4):441-4. doi: 10.1097/01.PCC.0000163678.20704.C5.
PubMed 15982431Robertson-Malt S, Afrane B, El Barbary M. Prophylactic steroids for pediatric open heart surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Oct 17;(4):CD005550. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005550.pub2.
PubMed 17943866Pasquali SK, Hall M, Li JS, Peterson ED, Jaggers J, Lodge AJ, Marino BS, Goodman DM, Shah SS. Corticosteroids and outcome in children undergoing congenital heart surgery: analysis of the Pediatric Health Information Systems database. Circulation. 2010 Nov 23;122(21):2123-30. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.948737. Epub 2010 Nov 8.
PubMed 21060075Pasquali SK, Li JS, He X, Jacobs ML, O'Brien SM, Hall M, Jaquiss RD, Welke KF, Peterson ED, Shah SS, Gaynor JW, Jacobs JP. Perioperative methylprednisolone and outcome in neonates undergoing heart surgery. Pediatrics. 2012 Feb;129(2):e385-91. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-2034. Epub 2012 Jan 23.
PubMed 22271697Clarizia NA, Manlhiot C, Schwartz SM, Sivarajan VB, Maratta R, Holtby HM, Gruenwald CE, Caldarone CA, Van Arsdell GS, McCrindle BW. Improved outcomes associated with intraoperative steroid use in high-risk pediatric cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011 Apr;91(4):1222-7. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.11.005.
PubMed 21440149Everett AD, Buckley JP, Ellis G, Yang J, Graham D, Griffiths M, Bembea M, Graham EM. Association of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes With Environmental Exposure to Cyclohexanone During Neonatal Congenital Cardiac Operations: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 May 1;3(5):e204070. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4070.
PubMed 32374395
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Dec 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Corticosteroid Therapy in Neonates Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01579513
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Pro16545
- Keywords
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB), System Inflammatory Response, inflammation, Methylprednisolone, Neonates, Steroid, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Children
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 190 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Medical University of South CarolinaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Study start
- Jun 2012
- Primary completion
- 25 May 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 19 Dec 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 18 Apr 2012 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 18 Jun 2019
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Although cardiopulmonary bypass (heart-lung machine) is a necessary component of heart surgery, it is not without consequences. Cardiopulmonary bypass initiates a potent inflammatory response secondary to the body's recognition of the abnormal environment of the heart-lung machine. This inflammatory response may lead to poor heart, lung and kidney function after the heart surgery. This is turn can lead to longer times on the ventilator (breathing machine), the need for higher doses of heart medications, a longer stay in the intensive care unit and even death. This is particularly true in infants less than one month of age due to their size and the immaturity of their organs. The appreciation of the post-cardiopulmonary bypass inflammatory response has resulted in a number of interventions directed at its reduction. No therapy has been recognized as the standard of care; however steroid therapy has been applied most often despite unclear evidence of a benefit. This study aims to determine if steroids improve the outcomes of babies undergoing heart surgery.
Detailed description
This study is a multi-institutional randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial of the use of glucocorticoids to improve the clinical course of neonates following cardiac surgery. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is critical to cardiac surgery, but the pathophysiologic processes engendered by CPB play an important role in post-operative recovery. The use, doses and schedule of glucocortiocoid administration to ameliorate these CPB induced processes is highly variable and without clear data to provide direction. The Primary Aim of this study is to compare the effects of intraoperative methylprednisolone to placebo on a composite morbidity-mortality outcome following neonatal CPB. Secondary Endpoints include: inotropic requirements, incidence of low cardiac output syndrome, fluid balance, ICU stay parameters, levels of inflammatory molecules, neuro-developmental outcomes, and safety parameters. The study will focus on neonates because their post-CPB clinical course is typically more severe, and that high level of severity itself provides a substrate for identifying the positive effects of a particular therapy. Finally, a therapy identified as beneficial has the greatest potential for benefit in this vulnerable population
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intraoperative Methylprednisone | Active comparator | Drug: MethylprednisoloneNeonates with congenital heart disease requiring surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) in the first month of life that receive one dose of intravenous methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) during anesthetic induction. |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlaceboNeonates with congenital heart disease requiring surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in the first month of life that receive one dose of placebo (normal saline) during anesthetic induction. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- Up to 30 days
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Age < 1 month
- Male and female patients who are scheduled to undergo cardiac surgery involving CPB
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Prematurity: < 37 weeks post gestational age at time of surgery
- Treatment with intravenous steroids within the two days prior to scheduled surgery.
- Participation in research studies involving the evaluation of investigational drugs within 30 days of randomization.
- Suspected infection that would contraindicate steroid use (eg - Herpes)
- Known hypersensitivity to IVMP or one of its components or other contraindication to steroid therapy (eg - gastrointestinal bleeding).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| MethylprednisoloneAlso: Solulmedrol, Medrol, Corticosteroid, SteroidMethylprednisolone at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight and a concentration of 62.5 mg/cc. The study drug will be delivered in a blinded fashion to the anesthesiologist and will be administered intravenously with the induction of anesthesia. | Drug | Intraoperative Methylprednisone |
| PlaceboAlso: Normal SalineNormal saline will be drawn up in an identical volume to that needed for active study drug. The study drug will be delivered in a blinded fashion to the anesthesiologist and will be administered intravenously with the induction of anesthesia. | Drug | Placebo |
Primary outcome
Number of Participants With a Clinically Derived Composite Morbidity-mortality Outcome
Time frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks
The composite morbidity-mortality outcome will be met if any of the following occur after surgery but before hospital discharge: death, cardiac arrest, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, renal insufficiency (creatinine more than two times normal), hepatic insufficiency (aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase more than two times normal), or rising lactic acidosis (>5mmol/L). This outcome was choosen because death rarely occurs in this population. We have found this endpoint to be highly associated with other important clinical outcomes in this population.
4 secondary outcomes
Duration of Mechanical Ventilation Post Cardiac Surgery.
Time frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks
Intensive Care Unit Stay
Time frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks
Hospital Stay
Time frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks
Neurodevelopmental Outcome
Time frame: 1 year
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Dec 2019.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 21600592Graham EM, Atz AM, Butts RJ, Baker NL, Zyblewski SC, Deardorff RL, DeSantis SM, Reeves ST, Bradley SM, Spinale FG. Standardized preoperative corticosteroid treatment in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery: results from a randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2011 Dec;142(6):1523-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.04.019. Epub 2011 May 20.
- Background: PubMed 12903869Seghaye MC. The clinical implications of the systemic inflammatory reaction related to cardiac operations in children. Cardiol Young. 2003 Jun;13(3):228-39. doi: 10.1017/s1047951103000465. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 9551188Seghaye MC, Heyl W, Grabitz RG, Schumacher K, von Bernuth G, Rath W, Duchateau J. The production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in neonates assessed by stimulated whole cord blood culture and by plasma levels at birth. Biol Neonate. 1998;73(4):220-7. doi: 10.1159/000013980.
- Background: PubMed 15982431Checchia PA, Bronicki RA, Costello JM, Nelson DP. Steroid use before pediatric cardiac operations using cardiopulmonary bypass: an international survey of 36 centers. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005 Jul;6(4):441-4. doi: 10.1097/01.PCC.0000163678.20704.C5.
- Background: PubMed 17943866Robertson-Malt S, Afrane B, El Barbary M. Prophylactic steroids for pediatric open heart surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Oct 17;(4):CD005550. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005550.pub2.
- Background: PubMed 21060075Pasquali SK, Hall M, Li JS, Peterson ED, Jaggers J, Lodge AJ, Marino BS, Goodman DM, Shah SS. Corticosteroids and outcome in children undergoing congenital heart surgery: analysis of the Pediatric Health Information Systems database. Circulation. 2010 Nov 23;122(21):2123-30. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.948737. Epub 2010 Nov 8.
- Background: PubMed 22271697Pasquali SK, Li JS, He X, Jacobs ML, O'Brien SM, Hall M, Jaquiss RD, Welke KF, Peterson ED, Shah SS, Gaynor JW, Jacobs JP. Perioperative methylprednisolone and outcome in neonates undergoing heart surgery. Pediatrics. 2012 Feb;129(2):e385-91. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-2034. Epub 2012 Jan 23.
- Background: PubMed 21440149Clarizia NA, Manlhiot C, Schwartz SM, Sivarajan VB, Maratta R, Holtby HM, Gruenwald CE, Caldarone CA, Van Arsdell GS, McCrindle BW. Improved outcomes associated with intraoperative steroid use in high-risk pediatric cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011 Apr;91(4):1222-7. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.11.005.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 32374395Everett AD, Buckley JP, Ellis G, Yang J, Graham D, Griffiths M, Bembea M, Graham EM. Association of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes With Environmental Exposure to Cyclohexanone During Neonatal Congenital Cardiac Operations: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 May 1;3(5):e204070. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4070.
Related trials for Congenital Heart Disease
Not yet recruiting
Autologous Thymus Transplant in Children With Congenital Heart Disease: A Pilot Study
Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)
RecruitingPhase 1
A Study of SGT-212 Gene Therapy in Friedreich's Ataxia
Friedreich's Ataxia (FA)
RecruitingObservational study
The CACHE Study: Coronary Artery Care in HaEmophilia
Haemophilia, Cardiovascular Diseases
RecruitingObservational study
Essen Amyloidosis Registry
Amyloidosis; Systemic, Amyloidosis Cardiac
RecruitingPhase 3
Trial Investigating the Efficacy and Safety of Weekly Lonapegsomatropin Compared to Daily Somatropin in Children and Adolescents With Short Stature or Growth Failure Due to Growth Hormone Sufficient Disorders
Turner Syndrome, Short Stature Homeobox Gene Mutation
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Eric M Graham, MD principal investigator
Medical University of South Carolina
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Methylprednisolone in people with Congenital Heart Disease and Disorder of Fetus or Newborn, run by Medical University of South Carolina at 2 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Dec 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 18 Jun 2019). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of Participants With a Clinically Derived Composite Morbidity-mortality Outcome (time frame: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01579513, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Dec 2019.