BlockTAPBLOCKNCT01596660
Transversus Abdominis Bilateral Plane Block in Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy : A Randomized Controlled Trial
A study testing Bupivacaina 0.5% in people with Block, run by CES University at 1 site in Colombia.
Trial summary
The ambulatory management after laparoscopic hysterectomy is a reality in our service, where 90% of hysterectomies are laparoscopically done and 80% of these are managed on an ambulatory basis with shorter hospital stay ;less than 12 hours. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 30 to 70 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Block
- What is being tested?
- Bupivacaina 0.5%
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 200 participants
- Where
- 1 siteColombia
- Study dates
- Aug 2011to May 2012
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 30 to 70 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- All patients scheduled for laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign causes.
- ASA 1 and 2
- Patients without contraindications to the administration of local anesthetics
- Patients without contraindications to NSAIDs or acetaminophen.
- Patients with no simultaneous intervention (only laparoscopic hysterectomy)
- Patients living in the metropolitan area, with telephone line, can be contacted by telephone in the first 72 hours by calling 24, 48 and 72 hours, conducted by researchers at the number previously reported by the patient.
- An adequate level of understanding, ie patients who are able to communicate by telephone and understand a numerical scale.
- Who agree to participate in the work.
Who cannot join
- Patients who should undergo a change in the standard anesthetic technique.
- Patients who are hospitalized after total laparoscopic hysterectomy.
- Patients with a body mass index above 30.
- Laparoscopic hysterectomy with a longer duration to 120 minutes.
- Patients who do not they can be reached by phone at pre-set times.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Colombia1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Universidad CES
Medellín, Antioquia
Gustavo Calle, Ginecólogo, 5765700, gcallemd@gmail.com
Claudia López Ruiz, Ginecóloga, 3104365060, cclopez04@yahoo.com
About this study
The ambulatory management after laparoscopic hysterectomy is a reality in our service, where 90% of hysterectomies are laparoscopically done and 80% of these are managed on an ambulatory basis with shorter hospital stay ;less than 12 hours. (OALOS 9.41 + / - (1.79) range from 5 to 12 hours and POLE 5.38 + / - (1.8) range from 2 to 9 hours)
So far the immediate analgesic management has been made systemically, and the satisfaction reported by patients was high, even though some patients require longer stay in recovery and need higher doses of analgesics before their discharge criteria, allowing an optimal ambulatory management.
Read more
There are several treatment options that theoretically could be used but the results have been variable and have failed to demonstrate the expected benefit.
The Transversus Abdominis Plane Block consists in the deposition of local anesthetic in the plane between the internal oblique and transverse abdominal, looking to infiltrate the spinal nerves at this level, so the innervation to the skin, muscles and the parietal peritoneum will be interrupted. The TAP Block was first described in 2001 , based on anatomy marks techniques of the peripheral nerves and was developed and evaluated later by McDonnell et al.
Read the detailed description
The blockage in the abdominal transverse plane (TAP Block) with local anesthetic has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with various types of abdominal surgery by laparotomy as both laparoscopically.
The blockage in the abdominal transverse plane is a single entry in the triangle of Petit, to access a greater number of nerves that allow a wider spread of analgesia. The innervation of the anterolateral abdominal wall is given by the anterior branches of spinal nerves T7 to L1 (these include the intercostal nerves T7 at 11, the nerve subcostal nerve T12 and ilio hypogastric and ilio inguinal L1
The anterior divisions of the nerves T7 to T11 continues from the intercostal space and enter the abdominal wall between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis, reaching the rectus abdominis, which pierce and innervate the skin of the anterior abdominal region. In its course also innervate the external oblique muscle via the lateral cutaneous branch is divided into anterior and posterior innervating the external oblique and dorsal latium
The anterior branch of T12 is connected to the ilio hypogastric nerve and gives branch to the piriformis muscle, the lateral cutaneous branch pierces the internal and external oblique muscles and descends over the iliac crest innervate the anterior part of the buttocks.
The ilio hypogastric nerve,L1, is divided between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis near the iliac crest in two anterior and lateral cutaneous branches, the first innervate the skin of the buttocks and the second the hypogastric region.
The ilio inguinal nerve communicates with the ilio hypogastric nerve between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis, near the anterior iliac crest and innervates the anterior and medial thigh and part of the skin covering the genitals.
The aim of the nerve block is to deposit local anesthetic in the plane between the internal oblique and transverse abdominal looking to infiltrate the spinal nerves at this level, so the skin innervation on muscle and parietal peritoneum will interrupted. Obviously if the surgery goes through the peritoneal cavity, visceral pain will not be interrupted.
This block is indicated in any lower abdominal surgery and has been used effectively in laparoscopic surgery, so far no work described in LH, this block allows analgesia from T7 to L1 even with minimal side effects, low cost, without altering surgical time, and low risk. Among the complications described above, a puncture of the liver in a patient with liver elongated and some small punctures without serious consequences.
The ambulatory management could be more efficient with the use of blockage in the abdominal transverse plane (TAP Block) with local anesthetic. In order to study the benefits that the TAP Block could offer to our patients, we suggest a randomized controlled trial comparing the blockage in the abdominal transverse plane with placebo.
- Conditions
- Block
- Being tested
- Bupivacaina 0.5%, placebo comparator
- Keywords
- Tap block, laparoscopic hysterectomy, pain
- Medical subject headings
- Bites and Stings, Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Bupivacaina 0.5%Drug
Also called Bupivacaine
Bupivacaina 0.5% 20cc
placebo comparatorDrug
Also called Saline solution
20 cc of saline solution 0.9%, to infiltrate each side.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Bupivacaina | Experimental | 20 cc of bupivacaine 0.5% in 20 cc de saline solution and it is infiltrated 20 cc each side. Receives: Drug: Bupivacaina 0.5% |
| saline solution | Placebo comparator | 20 cc of saline solution 0.9% to infiltrate each side. Receives: Drug: placebo comparator |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pain
The instrument used to assess pain intensity is a straight line marked with numbers 1 to 10, with 1 meaning absence of pain and 10 the worst pain imaginable. The patient marks a point on the line that matches the pain she feels.
Measured: 24 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 May 2012 (estimated)
- Study startAug 2011
- Primary completionMay 2012 (estimated)
- Study completionMay 2012 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (15)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for BlockStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 200 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- CES University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Gustavo Adolfo Calle Gomez, CES University
- Investigators
- Gustavo A Calle, MD, Study director, CES University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01596660
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 1-JMejia
- Acronym
- TAPBLOCK
- Status last verified
- May 2012
- First submitted
- 30 Apr 2012
- Last updated
- 11 May 2012
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Rafi AN. Abdominal field block: a new approach via the lumbar triangle. Anaesthesia. 2001 Oct;56(10):1024-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.2001.02279-40.x. No abstract available.
PubMed 11576144Jokela R, Ahonen J, Tallgren M, Haanpaa M, Korttila K. A randomized controlled trial of perioperative administration of pregabalin for pain after laparoscopic hysterectomy. Pain. 2008 Jan;134(1-2):106-12. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.04.002. Epub 2007 May 15.
PubMed 17507163Lenz H, Sandvik L, Qvigstad E, Bjerkelund CE, Raeder J. A comparison of intravenous oxycodone and intravenous morphine in patient-controlled postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic hysterectomy. Anesth Analg. 2009 Oct;109(4):1279-83. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181b0f0bb.
PubMed 19762758Scharine JD. Bilateral transversus abdominis plane nerve blocks for analgesia following cesarean delivery: report of 2 cases. AANA J. 2009 Apr;77(2):98-102.
PubMed 19388503Malhotra N, Chanana C, Roy KK, Kumar S, Rewari V, Sharma JB. To compare the efficacy of two doses of intraperitoneal bupivacaine for pain relief after operative laparoscopy in gynecology. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2007 Oct;276(4):323-6. doi: 10.1007/s00404-007-0337-1. Epub 2007 Jul 25.
PubMed 17653742de Lapasse C, Rabischong B, Bolandard F, Canis M, Botchorischvili R, Jardon K, Mage G. Total laparoscopic hysterectomy and early discharge: satisfaction and feasibility study. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2008 Jan-Feb;15(1):20-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2007.08.608.
PubMed 18262139McDonnell JG, Curley G, Carney J, Benton A, Costello J, Maharaj CH, Laffey JG. The analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block after cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg. 2008 Jan;106(1):186-91, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000290294.64090.f3.
PubMed 18165577Niraj G, Searle A, Mathews M, Misra V, Baban M, Kiani S, Wong M. Analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block in patients undergoing open appendicectomy. Br J Anaesth. 2009 Oct;103(4):601-5. doi: 10.1093/bja/aep175. Epub 2009 Jun 26.
PubMed 19561014El-Dawlatly AA, Turkistani A, Kettner SC, Machata AM, Delvi MB, Thallaj A, Kapral S, Marhofer P. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block: description of a new technique and comparison with conventional systemic analgesia during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br J Anaesth. 2009 Jun;102(6):763-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/aep067. Epub 2009 Apr 17.
PubMed 19376789McDonnell JG, O'Donnell B, Curley G, Heffernan A, Power C, Laffey JG. The analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block after abdominal surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg. 2007 Jan;104(1):193-7. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000250223.49963.0f.
PubMed 17179269O'Donnell BD, McDonnell JG, McShane AJ. The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in open retropubic prostatectomy. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2006 Jan-Feb;31(1):91. doi: 10.1016/j.rapm.2005.10.006. No abstract available.
PubMed 16418039Jankovic ZB, Pollard SG, Nachiappan MM. Continuous transversus abdominis plane block for renal transplant recipients. Anesth Analg. 2009 Nov;109(5):1710-1. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181ba75d1. No abstract available.
PubMed 19843821Fredrickson MJ, Seal P. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for neonatal abdominal surgery. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2009 May;37(3):469-72. doi: 10.1177/0310057X0903700303.
PubMed 19499870Niraj G, Kelkar A, Fox AJ. Application of the transversus abdominis plane block in the intensive care unit. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2009 Jul;37(4):650-2. doi: 10.1177/0310057X0903700420.
PubMed 19681428Preliminary experience with transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain relief in infants and children
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 May 2012. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Transversus Abdominis Bilateral Plane Block in Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy : A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01596660
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TAPBLOCK / 1-JMejia
- Conditions
- Block
- Keywords
- Tap block, laparoscopic hysterectomy, pain
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 200 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- CES UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Aug 2011
- Primary completion
- May 2012 (estimated)
- Study completion
- May 2012 (estimated)
- First posted
- 11 May 2012 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The ambulatory management after laparoscopic hysterectomy is a reality in our service, where 90% of hysterectomies are laparoscopically done and 80% of these are managed on an ambulatory basis with shorter hospital stay ;less than 12 hours. (OALOS 9.41 + / - (1.79) range from 5 to 12 hours and POLE 5.38 + / - (1.8) range from 2 to 9 hours)
So far the immediate analgesic management has been made systemically, and the satisfaction reported by patients was high, even though some patients require longer stay in recovery and need higher doses of analgesics before their discharge criteria, allowing an optimal ambulatory management.
There are several treatment options that theoretically could be used but the results have been variable and have failed to demonstrate the expected benefit.
The Transversus Abdominis Plane Block consists in the deposition of local anesthetic in the plane between the internal oblique and transverse abdominal, looking to infiltrate the spinal nerves at this level, so the innervation to the skin, muscles and the parietal peritoneum will be interrupted. The TAP Block was first described in 2001 , based on anatomy marks techniques of the peripheral nerves and was developed and evaluated later by McDonnell et al.
Detailed description
The blockage in the abdominal transverse plane (TAP Block) with local anesthetic has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with various types of abdominal surgery by laparotomy as both laparoscopically.
The blockage in the abdominal transverse plane is a single entry in the triangle of Petit, to access a greater number of nerves that allow a wider spread of analgesia. The innervation of the anterolateral abdominal wall is given by the anterior branches of spinal nerves T7 to L1 (these include the intercostal nerves T7 at 11, the nerve subcostal nerve T12 and ilio hypogastric and ilio inguinal L1
The anterior divisions of the nerves T7 to T11 continues from the intercostal space and enter the abdominal wall between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis, reaching the rectus abdominis, which pierce and innervate the skin of the anterior abdominal region. In its course also innervate the external oblique muscle via the lateral cutaneous branch is divided into anterior and posterior innervating the external oblique and dorsal latium
The anterior branch of T12 is connected to the ilio hypogastric nerve and gives branch to the piriformis muscle, the lateral cutaneous branch pierces the internal and external oblique muscles and descends over the iliac crest innervate the anterior part of the buttocks.
The ilio hypogastric nerve,L1, is divided between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis near the iliac crest in two anterior and lateral cutaneous branches, the first innervate the skin of the buttocks and the second the hypogastric region.
The ilio inguinal nerve communicates with the ilio hypogastric nerve between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis, near the anterior iliac crest and innervates the anterior and medial thigh and part of the skin covering the genitals.
The aim of the nerve block is to deposit local anesthetic in the plane between the internal oblique and transverse abdominal looking to infiltrate the spinal nerves at this level, so the skin innervation on muscle and parietal peritoneum will interrupted. Obviously if the surgery goes through the peritoneal cavity, visceral pain will not be interrupted.
This block is indicated in any lower abdominal surgery and has been used effectively in laparoscopic surgery, so far no work described in LH, this block allows analgesia from T7 to L1 even with minimal side effects, low cost, without altering surgical time, and low risk. Among the complications described above, a puncture of the liver in a patient with liver elongated and some small punctures without serious consequences.
The ambulatory management could be more efficient with the use of blockage in the abdominal transverse plane (TAP Block) with local anesthetic. In order to study the benefits that the TAP Block could offer to our patients, we suggest a randomized controlled trial comparing the blockage in the abdominal transverse plane with placebo.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Bupivacaina | Experimental | Drug: Bupivacaina 0.5%20 cc of bupivacaine 0.5% in 20 cc de saline solution and it is infiltrated 20 cc each side. |
| saline solution | Placebo comparator | Drug: placebo comparator20 cc of saline solution 0.9% to infiltrate each side. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 30 to 70 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- All patients scheduled for laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign causes.
- ASA 1 and 2
- Patients without contraindications to the administration of local anesthetics
- Patients without contraindications to NSAIDs or acetaminophen.
- Patients with no simultaneous intervention (only laparoscopic hysterectomy)
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Patients who should undergo a change in the standard anesthetic technique.
- Patients who are hospitalized after total laparoscopic hysterectomy.
- Patients with a body mass index above 30.
- Laparoscopic hysterectomy with a longer duration to 120 minutes.
- Patients who do not they can be reached by phone at pre-set times.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Bupivacaina 0.5%Also: BupivacaineBupivacaina 0.5% 20cc | Drug | Bupivacaina |
| placebo comparatorAlso: Saline solution20 cc of saline solution 0.9%, to infiltrate each side. | Drug | saline solution |
Primary outcome
Pain
Time frame: 24 hours
The instrument used to assess pain intensity is a straight line marked with numbers 1 to 10, with 1 meaning absence of pain and 10 the worst pain imaginable. The patient marks a point on the line that matches the pain she feels.
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 May 2012.
- Background: PubMed 11576144Rafi AN. Abdominal field block: a new approach via the lumbar triangle. Anaesthesia. 2001 Oct;56(10):1024-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.2001.02279-40.x. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 17507163Jokela R, Ahonen J, Tallgren M, Haanpaa M, Korttila K. A randomized controlled trial of perioperative administration of pregabalin for pain after laparoscopic hysterectomy. Pain. 2008 Jan;134(1-2):106-12. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.04.002. Epub 2007 May 15.
- Background: PubMed 19762758Lenz H, Sandvik L, Qvigstad E, Bjerkelund CE, Raeder J. A comparison of intravenous oxycodone and intravenous morphine in patient-controlled postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic hysterectomy. Anesth Analg. 2009 Oct;109(4):1279-83. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181b0f0bb.
- Background: PubMed 19388503Scharine JD. Bilateral transversus abdominis plane nerve blocks for analgesia following cesarean delivery: report of 2 cases. AANA J. 2009 Apr;77(2):98-102.
- Background: PubMed 17653742Malhotra N, Chanana C, Roy KK, Kumar S, Rewari V, Sharma JB. To compare the efficacy of two doses of intraperitoneal bupivacaine for pain relief after operative laparoscopy in gynecology. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2007 Oct;276(4):323-6. doi: 10.1007/s00404-007-0337-1. Epub 2007 Jul 25.
- Background: PubMed 18262139de Lapasse C, Rabischong B, Bolandard F, Canis M, Botchorischvili R, Jardon K, Mage G. Total laparoscopic hysterectomy and early discharge: satisfaction and feasibility study. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2008 Jan-Feb;15(1):20-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2007.08.608.
- Background: PubMed 18165577McDonnell JG, Curley G, Carney J, Benton A, Costello J, Maharaj CH, Laffey JG. The analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block after cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg. 2008 Jan;106(1):186-91, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000290294.64090.f3.
- Background: PubMed 19561014Niraj G, Searle A, Mathews M, Misra V, Baban M, Kiani S, Wong M. Analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block in patients undergoing open appendicectomy. Br J Anaesth. 2009 Oct;103(4):601-5. doi: 10.1093/bja/aep175. Epub 2009 Jun 26.
- Background: PubMed 19376789El-Dawlatly AA, Turkistani A, Kettner SC, Machata AM, Delvi MB, Thallaj A, Kapral S, Marhofer P. Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block: description of a new technique and comparison with conventional systemic analgesia during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br J Anaesth. 2009 Jun;102(6):763-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/aep067. Epub 2009 Apr 17.
- Background: PubMed 17179269McDonnell JG, O'Donnell B, Curley G, Heffernan A, Power C, Laffey JG. The analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block after abdominal surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg. 2007 Jan;104(1):193-7. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000250223.49963.0f.
- Background: PubMed 16418039O'Donnell BD, McDonnell JG, McShane AJ. The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in open retropubic prostatectomy. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2006 Jan-Feb;31(1):91. doi: 10.1016/j.rapm.2005.10.006. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 19843821Jankovic ZB, Pollard SG, Nachiappan MM. Continuous transversus abdominis plane block for renal transplant recipients. Anesth Analg. 2009 Nov;109(5):1710-1. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181ba75d1. No abstract available.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Gustavo A Calle, MD study director
CES University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Bupivacaina 0.5% in people with Block, run by CES University at 1 site in Colombia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 May 2012. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Colombia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Gustavo Adolfo Calle, Ginecólogo (5765700, gustavocalle.md@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pain (time frame: 24 hours). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01596660, which also lists 15 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 May 2012.