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Ischemic StrokePhase 1IVIG/AISNCT01628055

IVIG in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study

A Phase 1 study testing Privigen and Normal Saline in people with Ischemic Stroke, run by Inova Health Care Services at 1 site in United States.

Withdrawn

Withdrawn. The study stopped before anyone enrolled.

Official record
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Trial summary

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the ability of IVIG to affect the rate of progression of brain ischemia, as evidenced by neuroimaging. The results of an ongoing epidemiological study indicate that patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID) on IVIG replacement therapy have an overall prevalence of stroke that… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 45 to 75 years
Conditions the study is for
Ischemic Stroke
What is being tested?
Privigen and Normal Saline
Type of treatment
Injection or infusion
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
0 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
Mar 2013to Sep 2013
Phase
Phase 1
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 45 to 75 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Onset of neurological symptoms between 4.5 and 8 hours
  • Male or Female age 45 -75 years old
  • Score of 10-15 points on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) with clinical signs suggestive of ischemic stroke
  • Acute brain ischemia with a distinct penumbra (at least 20%), measured by magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (PI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), in the territory of the middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery, or posterior cerebral artery with a hemispheric distribution
  • Ability and willingness to provide informed consent and comply with study requirements and procedures

Who cannot join

  • Eligibility for acute thrombolytic (rtPA) treatment
  • Normal brain MRI
  • Transient ischemic attack or rapidly improving neurological symptoms
  • Previous disability
  • Hemorrhagic stroke on brain MRI (T2*/SWI)
  • Ongoing infection defined by clinical and laboratory signs: an evidence-based guideline will be followed to detect infectious complications (in short, physical and laboratory measures including WBC, ESR, hsCRP, PCT, fever, abnormal urine, chest X-ray or positive cultures)
Show all 15Show fewer
  • Diagnosis of malignancy
  • Known sensitivity to any ingredients in the study drug or radiological contrast material
  • Participation in another clinical trial within the past 30 days
  • Stroke in the previous 3 months
  • Chronic liver, kidney or hematological disease
  • Contraindications to MRI -Brain aneurysm clip, implanted neural stimulator, implanted cardiac pacemaker or defibrillator, cochlear implant, ocular foreign body e.g. metal shavings, other implanted medical devices: (e.g. Swan Ganz catheter) insulin pump, metal shrapnel or bullet.
  • Diabetes
  • Hypertension
  • Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Inova Health Systems; Inova Fairfax Hospital

    Falls Church, Virginia, 22042

Other trials in United States

About this study

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the ability of IVIG to affect the rate of progression of brain ischemia, as evidenced by neuroimaging.

The results of an ongoing epidemiological study indicate that patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID) on IVIG replacement therapy have an overall prevalence of stroke that is 5 times less than in the general population. Even more striking is the absence of stroke in IVIG-treated PID patients over 65, while in the same general population age group the stroke prevalence goes up to 8.1%. This suggests that the degree of stroke protection correlates with the length of IVIG treatment, since older PID patients have been treated with IVIG significantly longer than younger ones.

Read the detailed description

Two pre-clinical studies demonstrated the effectiveness of IVIG preparations in improving the clinical outcome of stroke and at the same time provided evidence of the role of complement fragments in the pathogenesis of ischemia-induced brain damage. Scavenging of these active fragments by IVIG is the likely mechanism of beneficial effect. In one of these studies CSL's own Privigen preparation was used. Considering that it exhibited in-vitro scavenging abilities more pronounced than several other IVIG preparations, and that its in-vivo scavenging capacity was also proven in a relevant animal model, a need to test this preparation in stroke patients is warranted. In addition, activation of complement and the level of activated fragments in humans seem to correlate with the severity of the disease, making them an ideal therapeutic target.

Conditions
Ischemic Stroke
Being tested
Privigen, Normal Saline
Keywords
IVIg, Acute Ischemic Stroke, Stroke, CVA, Cerebrovascular Accident
Medical subject headings
Ischemic Stroke, Stroke

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • PrivigenBiological

    Also called IVIg, Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human), Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human), 10% Liquid

    10% liquid intravenous immunoglobulin at a single dose of 1.0g/kg, run at 0.5ml/kg/hr for the first 30 minutes, then increased to 2.5ml/kg/hr until complete (~3-4 hours depending on weight).

  • Normal SalineOther

    Also called 0.9% Sodium Chloride Solution

    Normal Saline is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution for fluid and electrolyte replenishment. It contains no antimicrobial agents. The pH is 5.0 (4.5 to 7.0).

    It contains 9 g/L Sodium Chloride with an osmolarity of 308 mOsmol/L and 154 mEq/L Sodium and Chloride.

    The infusion will start at 0.5 ml/kg/hr for the first 30 minutes and then increased to 2.5 ml/kg/hr for 3-4 hours.

Study groups in NCT01628055
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
PrivigenExperimentalThe IVIG preparation to be used is 10% liquid (Privigen). IVIG will be applied at a dose of 1.0g/kg, which is approximately 1/2 of the optimal dose used for other immuno/inflammatory indications. The infusion will start at 0.5 ml/kg/hr for the first 30 minutes, to watch for the signs of hypersensitivity to immunoglobulins, and then increased to 2.5 ml/kg/hr, two times slower than the recommended rate indicated in the product package insert (5 ml/kg/hr). Such a low, single dose has not been associated with hyperviscosity and together with a slow infusion will safeguard against occurrence of adverse events related to IVIG infusions. They will receive a total of 1g/kg and depending on patient's weight, it will take between 3.5 to 4+ hours to infuse that amount.
Receives: Biological: Privigen
Normal SalinePlacebo comparatorThe placebo is the normal saline. Since saline solution will be infused at the volume equivalent to that in which the intended dose of immunoglobulin molecules will be delivered, the placebo (comparator) arm will also serve as a control for the volume of fluid infused to the treatment arm participants.
Receives: Other: Normal Saline

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Post-IVIG DWI/PI mismatch measurement

    Decrease in the size of post IVIG necrotic area relative to baseline values and percent of penumbra saved, defined by neuroimaging as DWI/PI mismatch.

    Measured: 3 days

Secondary outcomes (4)
  1. Favorable clinical outcome

    Favorable clinical outcome at Day 90, which requires fulfillment of all three of the following criteria: improvement in NIHSS of 8 points or more from baseline; modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of 0-2 points; and Barthel index (BI) of 75-100

    Measured: 90 days

  2. Clinical outcome measure by NIHSS

    Clinical outcome measured by change in NIHSS scores will be also examined on Day 3

    Measured: 3 days

  3. Active complement fragment levels

    Levels of active complement fragments, C3a, C5a, C5b-9 and C4d at Day 0 and post-IVIG and Day 90.

    Measured: 90 days

  4. Adverse Events

    Incidence in adverse events.

    Measured: 90 days

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted26 Jun 2012 (estimated)
  2. Study startMar 2013
  3. Primary completionAug 2013 (estimated)
  4. Study completionSep 2013

Why it stopped: difficult recruitment and new black box warning for IVIG

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Quadruple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
0 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT01628055
Sponsor's protocol ID
IVIG/AIS-IFH-MB-CSL
Acronym
IVIG/AIS
Status last verified
Nov 2013
First submitted
14 Jun 2012
Last updated
11 Nov 2013
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No

Publications

  • D'Ambrosio AL, Pinsky DJ, Connolly ES. The role of the complement cascade in ischemia/reperfusion injury: implications for neuroprotection. Mol Med. 2001 Jun;7(6):367-82.

    PubMed 11474130
  • Ember JA, Hugli TE. Complement factors and their receptors. Immunopharmacology. 1997 Dec;38(1-2):3-15. doi: 10.1016/s0162-3109(97)00088-x.

    PubMed 9476110
  • de Boer JP, Wolbink GJ, Thijs LG, Baars JW, Wagstaff J, Hack CE. Interplay of complement and cytokines in the pathogenesis of septic shock. Immunopharmacology. 1992 Sep-Oct;24(2):135-48. doi: 10.1016/0162-3109(92)90019-9.

    PubMed 1473964
  • Szalai AJ, van Ginkel FW, Wang Y, McGhee JR, Volanakis JE. Complement-dependent acute-phase expression of C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P-component. J Immunol. 2000 Jul 15;165(2):1030-5. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.2.1030.

    PubMed 10878380
  • Van Beek J, Bernaudin M, Petit E, Gasque P, Nouvelot A, MacKenzie ET, Fontaine M. Expression of receptors for complement anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a following permanent focal cerebral ischemia in the mouse. Exp Neurol. 2000 Jan;161(1):373-82. doi: 10.1006/exnr.1999.7273.

    PubMed 10683302
  • Lindsberg PJ, Ohman J, Lehto T, Karjalainen-Lindsberg ML, Paetau A, Wuorimaa T, Carpen O, Kaste M, Meri S. Complement activation in the central nervous system following blood-brain barrier damage in man. Ann Neurol. 1996 Oct;40(4):587-96. doi: 10.1002/ana.410400408.

    PubMed 8871578
  • Nishino H, Czurko A, Fukuda A, Hashitani T, Hida H, Karadi Z, Lenard L. Pathophysiological process after transient ischemia of the middle cerebral artery in the rat. Brain Res Bull. 1994;35(1):51-6. doi: 10.1016/0361-9230(94)90215-1.

    PubMed 7953757
  • Figueroa E, Gordon LE, Feldhoff PW, Lassiter HA. The administration of cobra venom factor reduces post-ischemic cerebral injury in adult and neonatal rats. Neurosci Lett. 2005 May 20-27;380(1-2):48-53. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.01.027. Epub 2005 Feb 2.

    PubMed 15854749
  • Arumugam TV, Tang SC, Lathia JD, Cheng A, Mughal MR, Chigurupati S, Magnus T, Chan SL, Jo DG, Ouyang X, Fairlie DP, Granger DN, Vortmeyer A, Basta M, Mattson MP. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) protects the brain against experimental stroke by preventing complement-mediated neuronal cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Aug 28;104(35):14104-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0700506104. Epub 2007 Aug 21.

    PubMed 17715065
  • Szeplaki G, Szegedi R, Hirschberg K, Gombos T, Varga L, Karadi I, Entz L, Szeplaki Z, Garred P, Prohaszka Z, Fust G. Strong complement activation after acute ischemic stroke is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Atherosclerosis. 2009 May;204(1):315-20. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.07.044. Epub 2008 Aug 14.

    PubMed 18804761
  • De Simoni MG, Rossi E, Storini C, Pizzimenti S, Echart C, Bergamaschini L. The powerful neuroprotective action of C1-inhibitor on brain ischemia-reperfusion injury does not require C1q. Am J Pathol. 2004 May;164(5):1857-63. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63744-3.

    PubMed 15111332
  • De Simoni MG, Storini C, Barba M, Catapano L, Arabia AM, Rossi E, Bergamaschini L. Neuroprotection by complement (C1) inhibitor in mouse transient brain ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2003 Feb;23(2):232-9. doi: 10.1097/01.WCB.0000046146.31247.A1.

    PubMed 12571454
  • Akita N, Nakase H, Kaido T, Kanemoto Y, Sakaki T. Protective effect of C1 esterase inhibitor on reperfusion injury in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model. Neurosurgery. 2003 Feb;52(2):395-400; discussion 400-1. doi: 10.1227/01.neu.0000043710.61233.b4.

    PubMed 12535370
  • Akita N, Nakase H, Kanemoto Y, Kaido T, Nishioka T, Sakaki T. [The effect of C 1 esterase inhibitor on ischemia: reperfusion injury in the rat brain]. No To Shinkei. 2001 Jul;53(7):641-4. Japanese.

    PubMed 11517488
  • Basta M, Fries LF, Frank MM. High doses of intravenous Ig inhibit in vitro uptake of C4 fragments onto sensitized erythrocytes. Blood. 1991 Jan 15;77(2):376-80.

    PubMed 1985703

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 1 study testing Privigen and Normal Saline in people with Ischemic Stroke, run by Inova Health Care Services at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 15 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: withdrawn, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Nov 2013. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study was withdrawn before enrolling participants, so there are no results.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Post-IVIG DWI/PI mismatch measurement (time frame: 3 days). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01628055, which also lists 34 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Nov 2013.

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