Craniometaphyseal DysplasiaCMDNCT01630460
Genetic and Functional Analysis of Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia (CMD)
An observational study of Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia, run by UConn Health at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
CMD can be inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive trait. CMD may also be caused by de novo mutations. The goal of this study is to identify genes and regulatory elements on chromosomes that are the cause for CMD. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia
- How many people
- 600 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Apr 2009to Dec 2030
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: Individuals with diagnosed CMD
Who may be able to join
- CMD; unaffected individuals only if part of a participating CMD family
Who cannot join
- No CMD; unaffected individuals only as part of a participating CMD family
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
University of Connecticut Health Center
Farmington, Connecticut, 06030
Ernst J Reichenberger, PhD, 860-679-2062, reichenberger@uchc.edu
About this study
Official title: Identification of Mutations That Lead to Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia in Families and Isolated Cases and Studies of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms
CMD can be inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive trait. CMD may also be caused by de novo mutations. The goal of this study is to identify genes and regulatory elements on chromosomes that are the cause for CMD. The investigators also study blood samples and tissue samples from patients to learn about the processes that lead to this disorder. The investigators long-term goal is to find mechanisms to slow down bone deposition in CMD patients.
Read the detailed description
CMD is a very rare bone disorder that affects mostly bones of the head (=cranial bones) but also long (=tubular) bones. Therefore, CMD has been added to the class of craniotubular bone disorders. There are a number of disorders in this group and sometimes they are difficult to distinguish. Typical signs for CMD are the lifelong bone deposition in bones of the face and head (=progressive craniofacial hyperostosis) and the widening of the ends of long bones (=metaphyseal flaring). Typical facial characteristics are wide-set eyes and a prominent jaw (=mandible). CMD is sometimes diagnosed in infants. The best way to confirm diagnosis is by molecular genetics.
- Conditions
- Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia
- Keywords
- Craniometaphyseal dysplasia, bone, hyperostosis, osteoblast, osteoclast
- Medical subject headings
- Schwartz-Lelek syndrome, Hyperostosis
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Identification of genetic elements
The goal is to identify relevant genes or genetic elements that cause the disease or contribute to the disease progression and severity.
Measured: at time of identification
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 Jun 2012 (estimated)
- Study startApr 2009
- Primary completionDec 2030 (estimated)
- Study completionDec 2030 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Craniometaphyseal DysplasiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 600 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- UConn Health
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ernst Reichenberger, UConn Health
- Investigators
- Ernst J Reichenberger, PhD, Principal investigator, UConn Health
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01630460
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UCHC03-008CMD
- Acronym
- CMD
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 25 Jun 2012
- Last updated
- 17 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Dutra EH, Chen IP, McGregor TL, Ranells JD, Reichenberger EJ. Two novel large ANKH deletion mutations in sporadic cases with craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Clin Genet. 2012 Jan;81(1):93-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01700.x. No abstract available.
PubMed 22150416Chen IP, Wang L, Jiang X, Aguila HL, Reichenberger EJ. A Phe377del mutation in ANK leads to impaired osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in a mouse model for craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD). Hum Mol Genet. 2011 Mar 1;20(5):948-61. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddq541. Epub 2010 Dec 13.
PubMed 21149338Chen IP, Wang CJ, Strecker S, Koczon-Jaremko B, Boskey A, Reichenberger EJ. Introduction of a Phe377del mutation in ANK creates a mouse model for craniometaphyseal dysplasia. J Bone Miner Res. 2009 Jul;24(7):1206-15. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.090218.
PubMed 19257826Reichenberger E, Chen IP. Autosomal Dominant Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. 2007 Aug 27 [updated 2025 Aug 14]. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2026. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1461/
PubMed 20301634Reichenberger E, Tiziani V, Watanabe S, Park L, Ueki Y, Santanna C, Baur ST, Shiang R, Grange DK, Beighton P, Gardner J, Hamersma H, Sellars S, Ramesar R, Lidral AC, Sommer A, Raposo do Amaral CM, Gorlin RJ, Mulliken JB, Olsen BR. Autosomal dominant craniometaphyseal dysplasia is caused by mutations in the transmembrane protein ANK. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6):1321-6. doi: 10.1086/320612. Epub 2001 Apr 16.
PubMed 11326338Hu Y, Chen IP, de Almeida S, Tiziani V, Do Amaral CM, Gowrishankar K, Passos-Bueno MR, Reichenberger EJ. A novel autosomal recessive GJA1 missense mutation linked to Craniometaphyseal dysplasia. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 12;8(8):e73576. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073576. eCollection 2013.
PubMed 23951358Dutra EH, Chen IP, Reichenberger EJ. Dental abnormalities in a mouse model for craniometaphyseal dysplasia. J Dent Res. 2013 Feb;92(2):173-9. doi: 10.1177/0022034512468157. Epub 2012 Nov 15.
PubMed 23160629Chen IP, Tadinada A, Dutra EH, Utreja A, Uribe F, Reichenberger EJ. Dental Anomalies Associated with Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. J Dent Res. 2014 Jun;93(6):553-8. doi: 10.1177/0022034514529304. Epub 2014 Mar 24.
PubMed 24663682Chen IP, Luxmi R, Kanaujiya J, Hao Z, Reichenberger EJ. Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia Mutations in ANKH Negatively Affect Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation into Osteoclasts. Stem Cell Reports. 2017 Nov 14;9(5):1369-1376. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.09.016. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
PubMed 29056330Kanaujiya J, Bastow E, Luxmi R, Hao Z, Zattas D, Hochstrasser M, Reichenberger EJ, Chen IP. Rapid degradation of progressive ankylosis protein (ANKH) in craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Sci Rep. 2018 Oct 24;8(1):15710. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34157-5.
PubMed 30356088Fujii Y, Kozak E, Dutra E, Varadi A, Reichenberger EJ, Chen IP. Restriction of Dietary Phosphate Ameliorates Skeletal Abnormalities in a Mouse Model for Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. J Bone Miner Res. 2020 Oct;35(10):2070-2081. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.4110. Epub 2020 Jul 12.
PubMed 33463757
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Identification of Mutations That Lead to Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia in Families and Isolated Cases and Studies of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01630460
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CMD / UCHC03-008CMD
- Conditions
- Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia
- Keywords
- Craniometaphyseal dysplasia, bone, hyperostosis, osteoblast, osteoclast
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 600 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- UConn HealthUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Apr 2009
- Primary completion
- Dec 2030 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Dec 2030 (estimated)
- First posted
- 28 Jun 2012 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
CMD can be inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive trait. CMD may also be caused by de novo mutations. The goal of this study is to identify genes and regulatory elements on chromosomes that are the cause for CMD. The investigators also study blood samples and tissue samples from patients to learn about the processes that lead to this disorder. The investigators long-term goal is to find mechanisms to slow down bone deposition in CMD patients.
Detailed description
CMD is a very rare bone disorder that affects mostly bones of the head (=cranial bones) but also long (=tubular) bones. Therefore, CMD has been added to the class of craniotubular bone disorders. There are a number of disorders in this group and sometimes they are difficult to distinguish. Typical signs for CMD are the lifelong bone deposition in bones of the face and head (=progressive craniofacial hyperostosis) and the widening of the ends of long bones (=metaphyseal flaring). Typical facial characteristics are wide-set eyes and a prominent jaw (=mandible). CMD is sometimes diagnosed in infants. The best way to confirm diagnosis is by molecular genetics.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Individuals with diagnosed CMD
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- CMD; unaffected individuals only if part of a participating CMD family
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- No CMD; unaffected individuals only as part of a participating CMD family
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Identification of genetic elements
Time frame: at time of identification
The goal is to identify relevant genes or genetic elements that cause the disease or contribute to the disease progression and severity.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Apr 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 22150416Dutra EH, Chen IP, McGregor TL, Ranells JD, Reichenberger EJ. Two novel large ANKH deletion mutations in sporadic cases with craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Clin Genet. 2012 Jan;81(1):93-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01700.x. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 21149338Chen IP, Wang L, Jiang X, Aguila HL, Reichenberger EJ. A Phe377del mutation in ANK leads to impaired osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in a mouse model for craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD). Hum Mol Genet. 2011 Mar 1;20(5):948-61. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddq541. Epub 2010 Dec 13.
- Results publication: PubMed 19257826Chen IP, Wang CJ, Strecker S, Koczon-Jaremko B, Boskey A, Reichenberger EJ. Introduction of a Phe377del mutation in ANK creates a mouse model for craniometaphyseal dysplasia. J Bone Miner Res. 2009 Jul;24(7):1206-15. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.090218.
- Results publication: PubMed 20301634Reichenberger E, Chen IP. Autosomal Dominant Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. 2007 Aug 27 [updated 2025 Aug 14]. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2026. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1461/
- Results publication: PubMed 11326338Reichenberger E, Tiziani V, Watanabe S, Park L, Ueki Y, Santanna C, Baur ST, Shiang R, Grange DK, Beighton P, Gardner J, Hamersma H, Sellars S, Ramesar R, Lidral AC, Sommer A, Raposo do Amaral CM, Gorlin RJ, Mulliken JB, Olsen BR. Autosomal dominant craniometaphyseal dysplasia is caused by mutations in the transmembrane protein ANK. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6):1321-6. doi: 10.1086/320612. Epub 2001 Apr 16.
- Results publication: PubMed 23951358Hu Y, Chen IP, de Almeida S, Tiziani V, Do Amaral CM, Gowrishankar K, Passos-Bueno MR, Reichenberger EJ. A novel autosomal recessive GJA1 missense mutation linked to Craniometaphyseal dysplasia. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 12;8(8):e73576. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073576. eCollection 2013.
- Results publication: PubMed 23160629Dutra EH, Chen IP, Reichenberger EJ. Dental abnormalities in a mouse model for craniometaphyseal dysplasia. J Dent Res. 2013 Feb;92(2):173-9. doi: 10.1177/0022034512468157. Epub 2012 Nov 15.
- Results publication: PubMed 24663682Chen IP, Tadinada A, Dutra EH, Utreja A, Uribe F, Reichenberger EJ. Dental Anomalies Associated with Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. J Dent Res. 2014 Jun;93(6):553-8. doi: 10.1177/0022034514529304. Epub 2014 Mar 24.
- Results publication: PubMed 29056330Chen IP, Luxmi R, Kanaujiya J, Hao Z, Reichenberger EJ. Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia Mutations in ANKH Negatively Affect Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation into Osteoclasts. Stem Cell Reports. 2017 Nov 14;9(5):1369-1376. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.09.016. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
- Results publication: PubMed 30356088Kanaujiya J, Bastow E, Luxmi R, Hao Z, Zattas D, Hochstrasser M, Reichenberger EJ, Chen IP. Rapid degradation of progressive ankylosis protein (ANKH) in craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Sci Rep. 2018 Oct 24;8(1):15710. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34157-5.
- Results publication: PubMed 33463757Fujii Y, Kozak E, Dutra E, Varadi A, Reichenberger EJ, Chen IP. Restriction of Dietary Phosphate Ameliorates Skeletal Abnormalities in a Mouse Model for Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. J Bone Miner Res. 2020 Oct;35(10):2070-2081. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.4110. Epub 2020 Jul 12.
- study websiteLink provided by the sponsor.
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Ernst J Reichenberger, PhD principal investigator
UConn Health
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia, run by UConn Health at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ernst J Reichenberger, PhD (860-679-2062, reichenberger@uchc.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Identification of genetic elements (time frame: at time of identification). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01630460, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Apr 2026.