Acute Myocardial InfarctionPhase 4BRIGHTNCT01696110
BivaliRudin in Acute Myocardial Infarction vs Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and Heparin :a Randomised Controlled Trial.
A Phase 4 study testing Bivalirudin, heparin and heparin plus tirofiban in people with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, run by Shenyang Northern Hospital at 81 sites in China.
Trial summary
The study would enrolled a total of 2100 AMI patients undergoing PCI to one of three antithrombotic regimens: bivalirudin alone, or unfractionated heparin alone, or unfractionated heparin plus a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor. All enrolled patients would be followed-up to 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Acute Myocardial Infarction, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
- What is being tested?
- Bivalirudin, heparin and heparin plus tirofiban
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 2,194 participants
- Where
- 81 sitesChina
- Study dates
- Aug 2012to Jul 2014
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age 18 to 80 years old
- Planned emergency PCI for acute myocardial infarction (STEMI or NSTEMI) Symptom onset within 12h for STEMI (or within 24 h for patients have unrelieved chest pain, continuous ST elevation or new developed LBBB) Symptom onset within 72h for NSTEMI
- Avoid to undergoing revascularization for non-culprit vessels within 30 days after index procedure.
- Provide written informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Unsuitable for PCI; treatment by thrombolysis within 72 hours of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction; left main coronary artery disease; cardiogenic shock.
- Any anticoagulant agents were used 48 h before randomization.
- Active bleeding or bleeding constitution, bleeding tendency, including the recent retina or vitreous hemorrhage (1 months), GI or urinary tract hemorrhage (3 months), cerebral hemorrhage (6 months) or cerebral infarction history (3 months), etc.;
- Other disease may lead to vascular lesions and secondary bleeding factors (such as active gastric ulcer, active ulcerative colitis, intracranial aneurysm, etc.),
- Deep puncture or major surgery (including eye or brain surgery) within 1 month.
- Suspicious aortic dissection, pericarditis and subacute bacterial endocarditis.
Show all 14Show fewer
- Untreated or uncontrolled hypertension > 180/110 mmHg.
- Hemoglobin < 100 g/L or platelet count < 100 * 109 / L.
- Elevated AST, ALT level higher than three times of the normal upper limit.
- severe renal insufficiency (eGFR < 30 mL/min / 1.73 m2).
- Heparin induced thrombocytopenia.
- Known allergy to the study drugs and instruments (UFH, bivalirudin, aspirin and clopidogrel, stainless steel, contrast agents, etc.), or those allergic constitution.
- Pregnancy or lactation.
- Researchers think that doesn't fit to participate in this study.
Trial locations and contacts
81 sites in 1 country.
81 sites in 1 country
China81 sites
No.252 Hosp. of PLA
Baoding, Hebei, 071000
3rd Hosp. of Beijing Univ.
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Beijing Anzhen Hosp.
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Beijing CAPF General Hosp.
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Beijing Chaoyang Hosp.
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Beijing Friendship Hosp.
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Beijing General Hosp. of PLA
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Beijing Hosp.
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Beijing Luhe Hosp.
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
General Hosp of PLA (1)
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
General Hosp. of PLA(2)
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Navy General Hosp. of PLA
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
No.304 Hosp. of PLA
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
No.306 Hosp. of PLA
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Peking Univ. First Hosp.
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
The 2nd artillery general Hosp. of PLA
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100000
Cangzhou Centeral Hosp.
Cangzhou, Hebei, 061000
1st Hosp of Jilin Univ.
Changchun, Jilin, 130000
2nd Hosp of Jilin Univ.
Changchun, Jilin, 130000
3rd Hosp of Jilin Univ.
Changchun, Jilin, 130000
Chengdu General Hosp. of PLA
Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000
Chengdu No.2 Hosp.
Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000
Chongqing Daping Hosp.
Chongqing, Chongqing Municipality, 400000
Dalian Zhongshan Hosp.
Dalian, Liaoning, 116000
No.210 Hosp of PLA
Dalian, Liaoning, 116000
Daqing General Hosp. of OF.
Daqing, Heilongjiang, 150000
Fujian Med Univ. Uion Hosp.
Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000
1 st Hosp. of Guangzhou MU
Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000
1st Hosp. of Zhongshan MU
Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000
Guangdong General Hosp.
Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000
Guangzhou General Hosp. of PLA
Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000
2nd Hosp. of Zhejiang Univ.
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000
Zhejiang Hosp.
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000
1 st Hosp. of Anhui Med Univ.
Hefei, Anhui, 230000
Anhui Provincial Hosp.
Hefei, Anhui, 230000
No.313 Hosp. of PLA
Huludao, Liaoning, 125000
Ji'nan General Hosp. of PLA
Ji'nan, Shandong, 250000
Affiliated Hosp. of Jining MC
Jining, Shandong, 272000
1st Hosp. of Liaoning MC
Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121000
3 rd Hosp. of Liaoning Med Col.
Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121000
Kunming General Hosp. of PLA
Kunming, Yunnan, 650000
1 st Hosp. of Lanzhou Univ.
Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030
Lanzhou General Hosp. of PLA
Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030
Meihekou Central Hosp.
Meihekou, Jilin, 135000
2 nd Hosp. of Nanchang Univ.
Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000
Nanjing First Hosp.
Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000
1 st Hosp. of Guangxi Med Univ.
Nanning, Guangxi, 210000
No.152 Hosp.
Pingdingshan, Henan, 467000
Qinhuangdao No.1 Hosp.
Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 050000
Huashan Hosp.
Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, 200000
Shanghai jingan people's hosp.
Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, 200000
Shanghai Renji Hosp.
Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, 200000
No.463 Hosp of PLA
Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000
Shenzhou Hosp. of SMC
Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000
Hebei General Hosp.
Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000
Shijiazhuang Peace Hosp.
Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000
Taian Central Hosp.
Taian, Shandong, 271000
1st Hosp. of Shanxi Med Univ.
Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000
Shanxi Cardiovascular Hosp.
Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000
Taiyuan Central Hosp.
Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000
Tangshan Gongren Hosp.
Tangshan, Hebei, 063000
No.254 Hosp. of PLA
Tianjin, Tianjin Municipality, 300000
Tianjin CAPF Hosp.
Tianjin, Tianjin Municipality, 300000
Tianjin Chest Hosp.
Tianjin, Tianjin Municipality, 300000
Tianjin No.3 Hosp.
Tianjin, Tianjin Municipality, 300000
Tianjin People's Hosp.
Tianjin, Tianjin Municipality, 300000
Wuhan Asican Heart Hosp.
Wuhan, Hubei, 430000
Wuhan General Hosp of PLA
Wuhan, Hubei, 430000
2 nd Hosp. of Xi'an Med Col.
Xi’an, Shanxi, 710000
Shanxi General Hosp. of CAPF
Xi’an, Shanxi, 710000
Shanxi General Hosp.
Xi’an, Shanxi, 710000
Tangdu Hosp.
Xi’an, Shanxi, 710000
Xijing Hosp.
Xi’an, Shanxi, 710000
Xuzhou Med Col. Affiliated Hosp.
Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000
Xuzhou No.4 Hosp.
Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000
Yanan Univ. affiliated Hosp.
Yanan, Shanxi, 716000
Yantaishan Hosp.
Yantai, Shandong, 261400
General Hosp. of Ningxia MU
Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750000
Yingkou Centeral Hosp.
Yingkou, Liaoning, 115000
Yuncheng Central Hosp.
Yuncheng, Shanxi, 044000
No. 148 Hosp.
Zibo, Shandong, 255000
About this study
Official title: Bivalirudin in Acute Myocardial Infarction vs Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and Heparin Undergoing Angioplasty (BRIGHT):a Randomised Controlled Trial
The study would enrolled a total of 2100 AMI patients undergoing PCI to one of three antithrombotic regimens: bivalirudin alone, or unfractionated heparin alone, or unfractionated heparin plus a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor.
All enrolled patients would be followed-up to 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin in AMI patients with DES.
Read the detailed description
This is a prospective, randomized, single-blind, active drug controlled multicenter clinical research and the study would enrolled a total of 2100 AMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to one of three antithrombotic regimens: bivalirudin alone, or unfractionated heparin alone, or unfractionated heparin plus a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor. All enrolled patients would be followed-up to 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin in AMI patients with DES.
- Being tested
- Bivalirudin, heparin, heparin plus tirofiban
- Keywords
- Bivalirudin, Acute myocardial infarction, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
BivalirudinDrug
Also called Taijianing
Patients would be given anticoagulant therapy with bivalirudin in acute myocardial infarction during emergency PCI operation.
heparinDrug
heparin monotherapy
heparin plus tirofibanDrug
Also called brand name of tirofiban: Xinweining
combined use of heparin and tirofiban during PCI
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Bivalirudin | Experimental | Bivalirudin will be started in the cath lab, 0.75 mg/kg intravenous bolus followed by 1.75 mg/kg per h infusion; if ACT<225s 5min after bolus, an additional dose of 0.3mg/kg bolus should be given. After procedure, a prolonged infusion (1.75mg/kg per h) will be given for at least 30 min (totally no more than 4 h) followed by a reduced dose infusion (0.2mg/kg per h) up to 20 h. Receives: Drug: Bivalirudin |
| Heparin monotherapy | Active comparator | 100 IU/kg intravenous bolus. If ACT <225s 5 min after bolus injection, additional dose of heparin (20U/kg) will be given. Receives: Drug: heparin |
| heparin plus tirofiban | Active comparator | heparin 60 IU/kg intravenous bolus and Tirofiban: 10μg/kg intravenous bolus followed by 0.15μg/kg per min infusion for up to 36h. Receives: Drug: heparin; Drug: heparin plus tirofiban |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Net Adverse Clinical Events
A composite of all cause death, reinfarction, urgent target vessel revascularization, stroke and any bleedings
Measured: 30 days
Secondary outcomes (3)
Net adverse clinical events
a composite of all cause death, any myocardial infarction, any target vessel revascularization, stroke or any bleedings
Measured: 1 year
any bleedings (BARC class)
including all BARC class (class 1-5)
Measured: 30 day
Major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE)
a composite of all cause death, reinfarction, target vessel revascularization or stroke
Measured: 30 days and 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 Sep 2012 (estimated)
- Study startAug 2012
- Primary completionJul 2013
- Study completionJul 2014
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Acute Myocardial InfarctionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 2,194 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Shenyang Northern Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Han Yaling, Shenyang Northern Hospital
- Investigators
- Yaling Han, MD, Principal investigator, Shenyang Northern Hospital,China
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01696110
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- SYNH20120001
- Other IDs
- 2011BAI11B07
- Acronym
- BRIGHT
- Status last verified
- Sep 2014
- First submitted
- 22 Aug 2012
- Last updated
- 1 Oct 2014
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Liang Z, Li Y, Wang J, Wang D, Wang S, Ma L, Liu H, Yang L, Stone GW, Han Y. The safety and effectiveness of bivalirudin in female patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty: A subgroup analysis of the BRIGHT trial. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2016 Mar;87 Suppl 1:608-15. doi: 10.1002/ccd.26407. Epub 2016 Jan 13.
PubMed 26762481Han Y, Guo J, Zheng Y, Zang H, Su X, Wang Y, Chen S, Jiang T, Yang P, Chen J, Jiang D, Jing Q, Liang Z, Liu H, Zhao X, Li J, Li Y, Xu B, Stone GW; BRIGHT Investigators. Bivalirudin vs heparin with or without tirofiban during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction: the BRIGHT randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015 Apr 7;313(13):1336-46. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.2323.
PubMed 25775052
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 Oct 2014. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Bivalirudin in Acute Myocardial Infarction vs Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and Heparin Undergoing Angioplasty (BRIGHT):a Randomised Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01696110
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- BRIGHT / SYNH20120001
- Keywords
- Bivalirudin, Acute myocardial infarction, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 2,194 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Shenyang Northern HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Aug 2012
- Primary completion
- Jul 2013 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jul 2014 (actual)
- First posted
- 28 Sep 2012 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study would enrolled a total of 2100 AMI patients undergoing PCI to one of three antithrombotic regimens: bivalirudin alone, or unfractionated heparin alone, or unfractionated heparin plus a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor.
All enrolled patients would be followed-up to 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin in AMI patients with DES.
Detailed description
This is a prospective, randomized, single-blind, active drug controlled multicenter clinical research and the study would enrolled a total of 2100 AMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to one of three antithrombotic regimens: bivalirudin alone, or unfractionated heparin alone, or unfractionated heparin plus a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor. All enrolled patients would be followed-up to 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin in AMI patients with DES.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Bivalirudin | Experimental | Drug: BivalirudinBivalirudin will be started in the cath lab, 0.75 mg/kg intravenous bolus followed by 1.75 mg/kg per h infusion; if ACT<225s 5min after bolus, an additional dose of 0.3mg/kg bolus should be given. After procedure, a prolonged infusion (1.75mg/kg per h) will be given for at least 30 min (totally no more than 4 h) followed by a reduced dose infusion (0.2mg/kg per h) up to 20 h. |
| Heparin monotherapy | Active comparator | Drug: heparin100 IU/kg intravenous bolus. If ACT <225s 5 min after bolus injection, additional dose of heparin (20U/kg) will be given. |
| heparin plus tirofiban | Active comparator | Drug: heparin, Drug: heparin plus tirofibanheparin 60 IU/kg intravenous bolus and Tirofiban: 10μg/kg intravenous bolus followed by 0.15μg/kg per min infusion for up to 36h. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Age 18 to 80 years old
- Planned emergency PCI for acute myocardial infarction (STEMI or NSTEMI) Symptom onset within 12h for STEMI (or within 24 h for patients have unrelieved chest pain, continuous ST elevation or new developed LBBB) Symptom onset within 72h for NSTEMI
- Avoid to undergoing revascularization for non-culprit vessels within 30 days after index procedure.
- Provide written informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (14 listed)
- Unsuitable for PCI; treatment by thrombolysis within 72 hours of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction; left main coronary artery disease; cardiogenic shock.
- Any anticoagulant agents were used 48 h before randomization.
- Active bleeding or bleeding constitution, bleeding tendency, including the recent retina or vitreous hemorrhage (1 months), GI or urinary tract hemorrhage (3 months), cerebral hemorrhage (6 months) or cerebral infarction history (3 months), etc.;
- Other disease may lead to vascular lesions and secondary bleeding factors (such as active gastric ulcer, active ulcerative colitis, intracranial aneurysm, etc.),
- Deep puncture or major surgery (including eye or brain surgery) within 1 month.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| BivalirudinAlso: TaijianingPatients would be given anticoagulant therapy with bivalirudin in acute myocardial infarction during emergency PCI operation. | Drug | Bivalirudin |
| heparinheparin monotherapy | Drug | Heparin monotherapy, heparin plus tirofiban |
| heparin plus tirofibanAlso: brand name of tirofiban: Xinweiningcombined use of heparin and tirofiban during PCI | Drug | heparin plus tirofiban |
Primary outcome
Net Adverse Clinical Events
Time frame: 30 days
A composite of all cause death, reinfarction, urgent target vessel revascularization, stroke and any bleedings
3 secondary outcomes
Net adverse clinical events
Time frame: 1 year
any bleedings (BARC class)
Time frame: 30 day
Major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE)
Time frame: 30 days and 1 year
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 Oct 2014.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 26762481Liang Z, Li Y, Wang J, Wang D, Wang S, Ma L, Liu H, Yang L, Stone GW, Han Y. The safety and effectiveness of bivalirudin in female patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty: A subgroup analysis of the BRIGHT trial. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2016 Mar;87 Suppl 1:608-15. doi: 10.1002/ccd.26407. Epub 2016 Jan 13.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 25775052Han Y, Guo J, Zheng Y, Zang H, Su X, Wang Y, Chen S, Jiang T, Yang P, Chen J, Jiang D, Jing Q, Liang Z, Liu H, Zhao X, Li J, Li Y, Xu B, Stone GW; BRIGHT Investigators. Bivalirudin vs heparin with or without tirofiban during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction: the BRIGHT randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015 Apr 7;313(13):1336-46. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.2323.
Related trials for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Elicit Drugs in Myocardial Infarction
Young Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Recruiting
CT Stress Myocardial Perfusion, Fractional Flow Reserve and Angiography in Patients With Stable Chest Pain Syndromes
Coronary Artery Disease, Chest Syndrome
RecruitingPhase 4
Early Single Antiplatelet Therapy After IVUS-Guided PCI in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Acute Coronary Syndromes, STEMI
Recruiting
Heart@Home Safety and Efficacy of Hospital-at-Home Care Versus Standard Hospitalization in Cardiac Patients
Myocardial Infarction, Myocarditis Acute
Enrolling by invitationPhase 3
Selatogrel Outcome Study in Suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Yaling Han, MD principal investigator
Shenyang Northern Hospital,China
81 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Bivalirudin, heparin and heparin plus tirofiban in people with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, run by Shenyang Northern Hospital at 81 sites in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 14 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Oct 2014. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 81 sites in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Net Adverse Clinical Events (time frame: 30 days). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01696110, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Oct 2014.