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Rheumatoid ArthritisPhase 4RASTSNCT01717859

Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Predicting Early Dose Titration With Tocilizumab

A Phase 4 study testing Tocilizumab in people with Rheumatoid Arthritis, run by University of California, Los Angeles at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The purpose of this research study is to determine if a change in inflammation or baseline inflammation seen on the ultrasound is a good indicator of how rheumatoid arthritis patients respond to TCZ 4mg/kg and whether early prediction of dose escalation is possible by utilizing ultrasound inflammatory measures. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Rheumatoid Arthritis
What is being tested?
Tocilizumab
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
74 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
Sep 2014to Apr 2017
Phase
Phase 4
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Patients must have rheumatoid arthritis. Patients will be included in the trial based on the following criteria:
  • Patient must meet 1987 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria,
  • Age > 18 years of age,
  • Baseline DAS28/ESR>4.4,
  • Stable concomitant DMARDs for more than 1 month (methotrexate, leflunomide, plaquenil, sulfasalazine, or no DMARDs). However, if the patient is not on DMARD, history of DMARD use required.
  • If not on DMARD (and the patient satisfies the above statement), the patient can opt for monotherapy with tocilizumab or combination therapy OR
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  • If on biologic monotherapy, can opt for monotherapy with tocilizumab or DMARD combination therapy (ie. patients cannot be on biologic with TCZ)
  • 6) Power Doppler score of >10 at screening.
  • General Medical Concerns:
  • Normal organ function, except if abnormal due to the disease under investigation
  • Men and women of reproductive potential must agree to use an acceptable method of birth control during treatment and for six months after completion of treatment.
  • Subject has provided written informed consent.

Who cannot join

  • A patient will be excluded if the answer to any of the following statements is "yes".
  • General:
  • Major surgery (including joint surgery) within 8 weeks prior to baseline or planned major surgery within 6 months after baseline.
  • Excluded Previous or Concomitant Therapy:
  • Treatment with any investigational agent within 4 weeks (or 5 half-lives of the investigational drug, whichever is longer) of baseline.
  • Previous treatment with any cell-depleting therapies, including investigational agents or approved therapies, some examples are CAMPATH, anti-CD4, anti-CD5, anti-CD3.
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  • Previous treatment with anti-CD19 and anti-CD20 within 6 months of start of the study.
  • Treatment with intravenous gamma globulin, plasmapheresis or Prosorba column within 6 months of baseline.
  • Immunization with a live/attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks prior to baseline.
  • Previous treatment with TCZ.
  • Any previous treatment with alkylating agents such as chlorambucil, or with total lymphoid irradiation.
  • Use of prednisone > 10mg at baseline.
  • Exclusions for General Safety:
  • History of severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions to human, humanized or murine monoclonal antibodies.
  • Evidence of serious uncontrolled concomitant cardiovascular, nervous system, pulmonary (including obstructive pulmonary disease), renal, hepatic, endocrine (include uncontrolled diabetes mellitus) or gastrointestinal disease (including complicated diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, or Crohn's disease.)
  • Current liver disease as determined by principal investigator unless related to primary disease under investigation
  • Known active current or history of recurrent bacterial, viral, fungal, mycobacterial or other infections (including but not limited to tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial disease, Hepatitis B and C, and herpes zoster, but excluding fungal infections of nail beds).
  • Any major episode of infection requiring hospitalization or treatment with IV antibiotics within 4 weeks of baseline or oral antibiotics within 2 weeks prior to baseline.
  • Active Tuberculosis (TB) requiring treatment within the previous 3 years. Patients should be screened for latent TB and, if positive, treated following local practice guidelines prior to initiating TCZ. Patients treated for tuberculosis with no recurrence in 3 years are permitted.
  • Primary or secondary immunodeficiency (history of or currently active) unless related to primary disease under investigation.
  • Evidence of active malignant disease, malignancies diagnosed within the previous 5 years (including hematological malignancies and solid tumors, except basal and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or carcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri that has been excised and cured), or breast cancer diagnosed within the previous 5 years.
  • Pregnant women or nursing (breast feeding) mothers.
  • Patients with reproductive potential not willing to use an effective method of contraception.
  • History of alcohol, drug or chemical abuse within 1 year prior to screening.
  • Neuropathies or other conditions that might interfere with pain evaluation unless related to primary disease under investigation.
  • Patients with lack of peripheral venous access.
  • Body weight of > 150 kg.
  • Laboratory Exclusion criteria (at screening):
  • Serum creatinine > 1.6 mg/dL (141 µmol/L) in female patients and > 1.9 mg/dL (168 µmol/L) in male patients. Patients with serum creatinine values exceeding limits may be eligible for the study if their estimated glomerular filtration rates (GFR) are >30.
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
  • Total Bilirubin > ULN
  • Platelet count < 100 x 109/L (100,000/mm3)
  • Hemoglobin < 85 g/L (8.5 g/dL; 5.3 mmol/L)
  • White Blood Cells < 3.0 x 109/L (3000/mm3)
  • Absolute Neutrophil Count < 2.0 x 109/L (2000/mm3)
  • Absolute Lymphocyte Count < 0.5 x 109/L (500/mm3)
  • Positive Hepatitis BsAg, or Hepatitis C antibody
  • HIV positive

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology

    Los Angeles, California, 90095

Other trials in United States

About this study

The purpose of this research study is to determine if a change in inflammation or baseline inflammation seen on the ultrasound is a good indicator of how rheumatoid arthritis patients respond to TCZ 4mg/kg and whether early prediction of dose escalation is possible by utilizing ultrasound inflammatory measures.

Read the detailed description

This is a 24-week, double blind open label clinical trial study to evaluate 57 active Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients who have moderate to severe disease activity with total Power Doppler Ultrasound (PDUS) >10 of 34 joints evaluated by Ultrasound (US) (at screening to enter into the study). All patients will begin treatment with tocilizumab at a dose of 4mg/kg. Two study sites will recruit patients (UCLA and UF) using the same protocol, after standardizing US acquisition methods, as well as scoring. US synovitis scores will be acquired at screening, baseline, and pre-infusion at 4, 12, 16, and 24 weeks, to be able to determine whether change in pre-infusion synovitis score at 4 weeks can be used to predict change in disease activity at 12 weeks. This will provide evidence to whether such reading is useful in predicting which patients may require escalation of dose from 4 to 8 mg/kg. At 12 weeks, patients not meeting low disease activity within the 4mg/kg (disease activity score DAS28/ Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)-4item<3.2) will increase the tocilizumab dose to 8mg/kg (maximum dose 800mg) in a blinded manner to enable evaluation of these US-focused objectives in the context of the current FDA-approved label. The ultrasound scorer will not know information about patient's disease activity (Tender Joint Count (TJC), Swollen Joint Count (SJC), labs etc) or if there was dose escalation at 12 weeks. The clinical assessor of disease activity will be blinded to the ultrasound scores. Additionally, the patient will also be blinded to dose escalation. If patients in the 4mg/kg arm achieve DAS28<3.2 at 12 weeks, patients will continue with their current dose for the duration of the study. Please see the below Table for details on the blinding plan.

Being tested
Tocilizumab
Keywords
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Medical subject headings
Arthritis, Rheumatoid

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • TocilizumabDrug

    Also called Actemra

    All subjects will start at 4mg/kg. After 3 months, if DAS28 > 3.2, dosage will be escalated to 8 mg/kg.

Study groups in NCT01717859
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
TocilizumabOtherAll subjects will receive tocilizumab.
Receives: Drug: Tocilizumab

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Baseline to Month 3 Change in Total Power Doppler Synovitis Score of 34 Joints (Range 0 - 102)

    34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Power Doppler synovitis score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month Power Doppler scores.

    This scale is called the Power Doppler Synovitis Score (PDUS). It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for PDUS represents more severe disease level.

    Measured: Baseline, 3 Month

Secondary outcomes (7)
  1. Baseline to Month 6 Change in Total Power Doppler Synovitis Score of 34 Joints (Range 0 - 102)

    34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Power Doppler synovitis score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month Power Doppler scores.

    This scale is called the Power Doppler Synovitis Score (PDUS). It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for PDUS represents more severe disease level.

    Measured: Baseline, 6 Month

  2. Baseline to Month 3 Change in Total B-mode Synovial Hypertrophy Score of 34 Joints

    34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Synovial hypertrophy score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month Synovial Hypertrophy Scores.

    This scale is called the Grey Scale Synovial Hypertrophy Score (GSUS). Please note that B-mode is the same as GSUS. It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for GSUS represents more severe disease level.

    Measured: Baseline, 3 Month

  3. Baseline to Month 6 Change in Total B-mode Synovial Hypertrophy Score of 34 Joints

    34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Synovial hypertrophy score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month Synovial Hypertrophy Scores.

    This scale is called the Grey Scale Synovial Hypertrophy Score (GSUS). Please note that B-mode is the same as GSUS. It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for GSUS represents more severe disease level.

    Measured: Baseline, 6 Month

  4. Baseline to Month 3 Change in DAS28/ESR

    28 joints will be evaluated for Tender Joint Count (TJC) and Swollen Joint Count (SJC) as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit, finally the ESR lab value will be included in the total calculation. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month Disease Activity Score (DAS) scores.

    The scale being used is called the Disease Activity Score for 28 Joints (DAS28) using the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in the calculation rather than the C Reactive Protein (CRP). The scale ranges from 0 to 9.4. Values of DAS28 below 2.6 imply remission, below 3.2 imply low disease activity and greater than 5.1 implies active disease.

    Measured: Baseline, 3 month

  5. Baseline to Month 6 Change in DAS28/ESR

    28 joints will be evaluated for TJC and SJC as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit, finally the ESR lab value will be included in the total calculation. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month DAS scores.

    The scale being used is called the Disease Activity Score for 28 Joints (DAS28) using the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in the calculation rather than the C Reactive Protein (CRP). The scale ranges from 0 to 9.4. Values of DAS28 below 2.6 imply remission, below 3.2 imply low disease activity and greater than 5.1 implies active disease.

    Measured: Baseline, 6 Month

  6. Baseline to Month 3 Change in CDAI

    28 joints will be evaluated for TJC and SJC as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month CDAI scores.

    The scale being used is called the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and has a range of 0 to 76. Values of CDAI below 2.8 imply remission, below 10 imply low disease activity, below 22 imply moderate disease activity, and above 22 implies high disease activity.

    Measured: Baseline, 3 month

  7. Baseline to Month 6 Change in CDAI

    28 joints will be evaluated for TJC and SJC as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month CDAI scores.

    The scale being used is called the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and has a range of 0 to 76. Values of CDAI below 2.8 imply remission, below 10 imply low disease activity, below 22 imply moderate disease activity, and above 22 implies high disease activity.

    Measured: Baseline, 6 Month

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted31 Oct 2012 (estimated)
  2. Study startSep 2014
  3. Primary completionApr 2017
  4. Study completionApr 2017

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
74 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT01717859
Sponsor's protocol ID
ML28542
Other IDs
ML28542
Acronym
RASTS
Status last verified
May 2019
First submitted
19 Oct 2012
Last updated
15 May 2019
Data monitoring committee
No

Publications

  • Charles-Schoeman C, Wang J, Shahbazian A, Wilhalme H, Brook J, Kaeley GS, Oganesian B, Ben-Artzi A, Elashoff DA, Ranganath VK. Power doppler ultrasound signal predicts abnormal HDL function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2023 Jun;43(6):1041-1053. doi: 10.1007/s00296-023-05285-7. Epub 2023 Feb 24.

    PubMed 36828925
  • Morris NT, Brook J, Ben-Artzi A, Martin W, Kermani TA, Avedikian-Tatosyan L, Karpouzas G, Nagam H, Navarro G, Choi S, Taylor MB, Elashoff D, Kaeley GS, Ranganath VK. Doppler ultrasound impacts response to intravenous tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Rheumatol. 2021 Dec;40(12):5055-5065. doi: 10.1007/s10067-021-05857-7. Epub 2021 Jul 16.

    PubMed 34269927
  • Kuo D, Morris NT, Kaeley GS, Ben-Artzi A, Brook J, Elashoff DA, Ranganath VK. Sentinel joint scoring in rheumatoid arthritis: an individualized power Doppler assessment strategy. Clin Rheumatol. 2021 Mar;40(3):1077-1084. doi: 10.1007/s10067-020-05340-9. Epub 2020 Aug 15.

    PubMed 32803573
  • Choate EA, Kaeley GS, Brook J, Altman RD, FitzGerald JD, Floegel-Shetty AR, Elashoff DA, Ranganath VK. Ultrasound detects synovitis in replaced and other surgically operated joints in rheumatoid arthritis patients. BMC Rheumatol. 2020 Feb 3;4:8. doi: 10.1186/s41927-019-0107-2. eCollection 2020.

    PubMed 32025629

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 4 study testing Tocilizumab in people with Rheumatoid Arthritis, run by University of California, Los Angeles at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 12 inclusion and 38 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 May 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 29 Nov 2018). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Baseline to Month 3 Change in Total Power Doppler Synovitis Score of 34 Joints (Range 0 - 102) (time frame: Baseline, 3 Month). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01717859, which also lists 4 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 May 2019.

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