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Myocardial InfarctionPhase 4NCT01761786

Cost-effectiveness of Genotype Guided Treatment With Antiplatelet Drugs in STEMI Patients: Optimization of Treatment (POPular Genetics)

A Phase 4 study testing CYP2C19 genotyping in people with Myocardial Infarction and STEMI, run by Vera HM Deneer at 10 sites in 3 countries.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Rationale: the use of antiplatelet drugs (i.e. clopidogrel, ticagrelor or prasugrel) is crucial in the treatment of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation to prevent atherothrombotic events. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 22 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Myocardial Infarction, STEMI
What is being tested?
CYP2C19 genotyping
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
2,700 participants
Where
10 sitesin 3 countries
Study dates
Jun 2011to 4 Apr 2019
Phase
Phase 4
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 22 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • more than 21 years of age with symptoms of acute myocardial infarction of more than 30 minutes but less than 12 hours
  • performed primary PCI with stenting for STEMI

Who cannot join

  • unable to give informed consent or have a life expectancy of less than one year
  • active malignancy with increase in bleeding risk, in the investigator's opinion
  • women who are known to be pregnant or who have given birth within the past 90 days or who are breastfeeding
  • having received thrombolytic therapy within the previous 24 hours or oral anticoagulants during the previous 7 days
  • severe renal function impairment needing dialysis
  • confirmed or persistent severe hypertension (Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) > 180 mmHg and/or Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) >110 mmHg) at randomization
Show all 10Show fewer
  • contraindication to anticoagulation or at increased bleeding risk, at the investigator's opinion
  • cardiogenic shock (SBP ≤ 80mmHg for >30 mins) or Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) placed
  • history of major surgery, severe trauma, fracture or organ biopsy within 90 days prior to randomisation
  • clinically significant out of range values for platelet count or haemoglobin level at screening, in the investigator's opinion.

Trial locations and contacts

10 sites in 3 countries.

10 sites in 3 countries

Netherlands8 sites

  • Meander Medisch Centrum

    Amersfoort

  • OLVG

    Amsterdam

  • Rijnstate Hospital

    Arnhem

  • Amphia Hospital

    Breda

  • University Medical Center Groningen

    Groningen

  • St. Antonius Hospital

    Nieuwegein

  • University Medical Center

    Utrecht

  • Isala Klinieken

    Zwolle

Other trials in Netherlands

Belgium1 site

  • OLV Hospital

    Aalst

Other trials in Belgium

Italy1 site

  • University of Naples Federico II

    Naples

Other trials in Italy

About this study

Official title: Cost-effectiveness of CYP2C19 Genotype Guided Treatment With Antiplatelet Drugs in Patients With ST-segment-elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Immediate PCI With Stent Implantation: Optimization of Treatment (POPular Genetics).

Rationale: the use of antiplatelet drugs (i.e. clopidogrel, ticagrelor or prasugrel) is crucial in the treatment of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation to prevent atherothrombotic events. Ticagrelor and prasugrel are more effective in preventing atherothrombotic events, but with a higher risk of bleeding complications, compared to clopidogrel. Clopidogrel is converted into its active metabolite by CYP2C19. Carriers of the non functional CYP2C19*2 and *3 alleles have an impaired CYP2C19 capacity, making clopidogrel less effective. For these subjects ticagrelor or prasugrel is an alternative.

Objective: to assess the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of the CYP2C19 genotype guided antiplatelet treatment strategy, using clopidogrel in non-carriers of a CYP2C19*2 or *3 allele and ticagrelor or prasugrel in carriers of a CYP2C19*2 or *3 allele in STEMI patients.

Intervention: the intervention group will be genotyped for CYP2C19*2 and *3 allele variants within 48 hours after primary PCI. Carriers will receive either ticagrelor (90 mg twice daily) or prasugrel (10 mg once daily or 5 mg once daily if the patient is older than age 75 or has a body weight less than 60 kg), according to local standards. Non-carriers will be treated with clopidogrel (75 mg once daily). The control group receives either ticagrelor or prasugrel, according to local standards at the same dosage as the CYP2C19*2 or *3 carriers in the intervention group. The antiplatelet drug will be continued for one year after PCI. The follow-up duration will be one year using follow-up questionnaires.

Being tested
CYP2C19 genotyping
Keywords
Myocardial Infarction, Thrombosis, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Myocardial Ischemia, Heart Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Vascular Diseases, Embolism and Thrombosis, Genetic Testing, Clopidogrel, Prasugrel, Ticagrelor, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists
Medical subject headings
Myocardial Infarction, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Thrombosis, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Myocardial Ischemia, Heart Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Vascular Diseases

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • CYP2C19 genotypingGenetic

    CYP2C19 genotyping will be performed in the intervention group. In patients with *1/*1 genotype (Extensive Metabolizer) clopidogrel will be prescribed. All patients who are carrier of a loss-to-function (*2 or *3) gene allel and all patients randomized to the control group will be prescribed prasugrel or ticagrelor, according to local protocol.

Study groups in NCT01761786
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Control groupNo interventionCYP2C19 genotyping will be performed after end of study. Patients will be treated with prasugrel or ticagrelor, according to local protocol.
Intervention groupActive comparatorCYP2C19 genotyping will be performed <48h after PCI and antiplatelet treatment will be chosen based on genotyping results.
Receives: Genetic: CYP2C19 genotyping

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Net clinical benefit

    The primary endpoint is the number of patients who either died, developed a recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), developed definite stent thrombosis, stroke or PLATO major bleeding at 1 year after PCI.

    Measured: 1 year

  2. Safety endpoint

    The primary safety endpoint is the number of patients with PLATO major or minor bleeding at 1 year after PCI.

    Measured: 1 year

  3. Pharmacoeconomics endpoint

    The primary endpoints in terms of pharmacoeconomics are quality of life, direct medical costs e.g. costs for blood transfusions, drugs, hospitalization and non-medical costs e.g. costs incurred due to sickness absence.

    Measured: 1 year

Secondary outcomes (4)

  1. Net clinical benefit at 30 days

    The number of patients who either died, developed a recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), developed definite stent thrombosis, stroke or PLATO major bleeding at 30 days after PCI.

    Measured: 30 days

  2. Secondary efficacy and safety endpoint

    both efficacy and safety will be studied in more detail, using the items of the primary endpoint (death, recurrent myocardial infarction, stentthrombosis, stroke, PLATO major bleeding) as separate parameters and in different combinations, adding cardiovascular and cerebrovascular death, probable and possible stent thrombosis, urgent target vessel revascularization (uTVR) and hospital admission for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) to the efficacy analysis, and (non-)CABG-related bleeding, major-, minor-, life threatening-, fatal-, intracranial and bleeding requiring transfusion to the bleeding analysis, both for 30 days and 1 year follow-up

    Measured: 30 days and 1 year

  3. Secondary safety endpoint

    Number of patients with bleeding events in 1 year follow up, not only using PLATO bleeding classification, but also, TIMI and BARC bleeding classifications to make the study comparable to previous and future publications

    Measured: 30 days and 1 year

  4. Drug endpoint

    Comparing the number of patients switching from the recommended P2Y12 inhibitor to a different P2Y12 inhibitor and the number of patients who discontinue the P2Y12 inhibitor early in both the control and genotype group

    Measured: 30 days and 1 year

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted7 Jan 2013 (estimated)
  2. Study startJun 2011
  3. Primary completion4 Apr 2019
  4. Study completion4 Apr 2019

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
2,700 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT01761786
Sponsor's protocol ID
PGxSTEMI08
Status last verified
May 2019
First submitted
19 Sep 2012
Last updated
10 May 2019
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes

Publications

  • Harmsze A, van Werkum JW, Bouman HJ, Ruven HJ, Breet NJ, Ten Berg JM, Hackeng CM, Tjoeng MM, Klungel OH, de Boer A, Deneer VH. Besides CYP2C19*2, the variant allele CYP2C9*3 is associated with higher on-clopidogrel platelet reactivity in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy undergoing elective coronary stent implantation. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2010 Jan;20(1):18-25. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e328333dafe.

    PubMed 19934793

  • Harmsze AM, van Werkum JW, Ten Berg JM, Zwart B, Bouman HJ, Breet NJ, van 't Hof AW, Ruven HJ, Hackeng CM, Klungel OH, de Boer A, Deneer VH. CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C9*3 alleles are associated with stent thrombosis: a case-control study. Eur Heart J. 2010 Dec;31(24):3046-53. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq321. Epub 2010 Sep 10.

    PubMed 20833683

  • Peters BJ, Harmsze AM, ten Berg JM, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Tjoeng MM, de Boer A, Deneer VH. CYP2C19 and ABCB1 genes and individualized treatment with clopidogrel. Pharmacogenomics. 2011 Feb;12(2):141-4. doi: 10.2217/pgs.10.211. No abstract available.

    PubMed 21332306

  • Brandt JT, Close SL, Iturria SJ, Payne CD, Farid NA, Ernest CS 2nd, Lachno DR, Salazar D, Winters KJ. Common polymorphisms of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic response to clopidogrel but not prasugrel. J Thromb Haemost. 2007 Dec;5(12):2429-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02775.x. Epub 2007 Sep 26.

    PubMed 17900275

  • Collet JP, Hulot JS, Pena A, Villard E, Esteve JB, Silvain J, Payot L, Brugier D, Cayla G, Beygui F, Bensimon G, Funck-Brentano C, Montalescot G. Cytochrome P450 2C19 polymorphism in young patients treated with clopidogrel after myocardial infarction: a cohort study. Lancet. 2009 Jan 24;373(9660):309-17. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61845-0. Epub 2008 Dec 26.

    PubMed 19108880

  • Mega JL, Close SL, Wiviott SD, Shen L, Hockett RD, Brandt JT, Walker JR, Antman EM, Macias W, Braunwald E, Sabatine MS. Cytochrome p-450 polymorphisms and response to clopidogrel. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jan 22;360(4):354-62. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0809171. Epub 2008 Dec 22.

    PubMed 19106084

  • Mega JL, Simon T, Collet JP, Anderson JL, Antman EM, Bliden K, Cannon CP, Danchin N, Giusti B, Gurbel P, Horne BD, Hulot JS, Kastrati A, Montalescot G, Neumann FJ, Shen L, Sibbing D, Steg PG, Trenk D, Wiviott SD, Sabatine MS. Reduced-function CYP2C19 genotype and risk of adverse clinical outcomes among patients treated with clopidogrel predominantly for PCI: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2010 Oct 27;304(16):1821-30. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1543.

    PubMed 20978260

  • Montalescot G, Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, Murphy SA, Gibson CM, McCabe CH, Antman EM; TRITON-TIMI 38 investigators. Prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (TRITON-TIMI 38): double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009 Feb 28;373(9665):723-31. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60441-4.

    PubMed 19249633

  • Wallentin L, James S, Storey RF, Armstrong M, Barratt BJ, Horrow J, Husted S, Katus H, Steg PG, Shah SH, Becker RC; PLATO investigators. Effect of CYP2C19 and ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms on outcomes of treatment with ticagrelor versus clopidogrel for acute coronary syndromes: a genetic substudy of the PLATO trial. Lancet. 2010 Oct 16;376(9749):1320-8. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61274-3.

    PubMed 20801498

  • Bergmeijer TO, Janssen PW, Schipper JC, Qaderdan K, Ishak M, Ruitenbeek RS, Asselbergs FW, van 't Hof AW, Dewilde WJ, Spano F, Herrman JP, Kelder JC, Postma MJ, de Boer A, Deneer VH, ten Berg JM. CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients-Rationale and design of the Patient Outcome after primary PCI (POPular) Genetics study. Am Heart J. 2014 Jul;168(1):16-22.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2014.03.006. Epub 2014 Mar 21.

    PubMed 24952855

  • Azzahhafi J, Bergmeijer TO, van den Broek WWA, Chan Pin Yin DRPP, Rayhi S, Peper J, Bor WL, Claassens DMF, van Schaik RHN, Ten Berg JM. Effects of CYP3A4*22 and CYP3A5 on clinical outcome in patients treated with ticagrelor for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: POPular Genetics sub-study. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Dec 5;13:1032995. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1032995. eCollection 2022.

    PubMed 36545312

  • Claassens DMF, van Dorst PWM, Vos GJA, Bergmeijer TO, Hermanides RS, van 't Hof AWJ, van der Harst P, Barbato E, Morisco C, Tjon Joe Gin RM, Asselbergs FW, Mosterd A, Herrman JR, Dewilde WJM, Postma MJ, Deneer VHM, Ten Berg JM, Boersma C. Cost Effectiveness of a CYP2C19 Genotype-Guided Strategy in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Results from the POPular Genetics Trial. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2022 Mar;22(2):195-206. doi: 10.1007/s40256-021-00496-4. Epub 2021 Sep 7.

    PubMed 34490590

  • Mahmoodi BK, Eriksson N, Vos GJA, Meijer K, Siegbahn A, James S, Wallentin L, Ten Berg JM. Factor V Leiden Does Not Modify the Phenotype of Acute Coronary Syndrome or the Extent of Myocardial Necrosis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021 Jun;10(11):e020025. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.020025. Epub 2021 May 17.

    PubMed 33998271

  • Claassens DMF, Bergmeijer TO, Vos GJA, Hermanides RS, van 't Hof AWJ, van der Harst P, Barbato E, Morisco C, Tjon Joe Gin RM, Asselbergs FW, Mosterd A, Herrman JR, Dewilde WJM, Janssen PWA, Kelder JC, Mahmoodi BK, Deneer VHM, Ten Berg JM. Clopidogrel Versus Ticagrelor or Prasugrel After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention According to CYP2C19 Genotype: A POPular Genetics Subanalysis. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2021 Apr;14(4):e009434. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.120.009434. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

    PubMed 33722066

  • Claassens DMF, Vos GJA, Bergmeijer TO, Hermanides RS, van 't Hof AWJ, van der Harst P, Barbato E, Morisco C, Tjon Joe Gin RM, Asselbergs FW, Mosterd A, Herrman JR, Dewilde WJM, Janssen PWA, Kelder JC, Postma MJ, de Boer A, Boersma C, Deneer VHM, Ten Berg JM. A Genotype-Guided Strategy for Oral P2Y12 Inhibitors in Primary PCI. N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 24;381(17):1621-1631. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1907096. Epub 2019 Sep 3.

    PubMed 31479209

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 4 study testing CYP2C19 genotyping in people with Myocardial Infarction and STEMI, run by Vera HM Deneer at 10 sites in 3 countries.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 May 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 10 sites in Netherlands, Belgium, Italy. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Net clinical benefit (time frame: 1 year). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01761786, which also lists 15 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 May 2019.

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