ChoreaPhase 3First-HDNCT01795859
First Time Use of SD-809 in Huntington Disease
A Phase 3 study testing SD-809 in people with Chorea, run by Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc. at 43 sites in 3 countries.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to determine whether SD-809 tablets are effective in the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington's Disease. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Chorea
- What is being tested?
- SD-809
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 90 participants
- Where
- 43 sitesin 3 countries
- Study dates
- 5 Aug 2013to 5 Dec 2014
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Subject is at least 18 years of age or the age of majority (whichever is older) at Screening.
- Subject has been diagnosed with manifest HD
- Subject is able to swallow study medication whole.
- Female subjects of childbearing potential agree to use an acceptable method of contraception from screening through study completion.
- The subject has a reliable caregiver who interacts with the patient on a daily basis, oversees study drug administration, assures attendance at study visits and participates in evaluations, as required.
- Subject is able to ambulate without assistance for at least 20 yards (Note: The use of assistive devices (i.e., walker, cane) is permitted during ambulation).
Who cannot join
- Subject has a serious untreated or under-treated psychiatric illness, such as depression, at Screening or Baseline.
- Subject has active suicidal ideation at Screening or Baseline.
- Subject has history of suicidal behavior at Screening or Baseline:
- Subject has evidence for depression at Screening or Baseline.
- Subject has an unstable or serious medical or psychiatric illness at Screening or Baseline.
- Subject has been recently exposed to tetrabenazine.
Show all 25Show fewer
- Subject has received any of the following concomitant medications within 30 days of Screening or Baseline:
- Antipsychotics
- Metoclopramide
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI)
- Levodopa or dopamine agonists
- Reserpine
- Amantadine
- Memantine
- Subject has significantly impaired swallowing function at Screening.
- Subject has significantly impaired speaking at Screening.
- Subject requires treatment with drugs known to prolong the QT interval.
- Subject has a prolonged QT interval on 12-lead ECG at Screening.
- Subject has evidence of hepatic impairment at Screening.
- Subject has evidence of significant renal impairment at Screening.
- Subject has known allergy to any of the components of study medication.
- Subject has participated in an investigational drug or device trial within 30 days (or 5 drug half-lives) of Screening, whichever is longer.
- Subject is pregnant or breast-feeding at Screening or Baseline.
- Subject acknowledges present use of illicit drugs at Screening.
- Subject has a history of alcohol or substance abuse in the previous 12 months.
Trial locations and contacts
43 sites in 3 countries.
43 sites in 3 countries
United States37 sites
Teva Investigational Site 037
Albany, New York
Teva Investigational Site 032
Atlanta, Georgia
Teva Investigational Site 028
Baltimore, Maryland
Teva Investigational Site 057
Birmingham, Alabama
Teva Investigational Site 196
Boca Raton, Florida
Teva Investigational Site 040
Boston, Massachusetts
Teva Investigational Site 137
Burlington, Vermont
Teva Investigational Site 328
Camden, New Jersey
Teva Investigational Site 089
Cincinnati, Ohio
Teva Investigational Site 020
Columbus, Ohio
Teva Investigational Site 119
Durham, North Carolina
Teva Investigational Site 052
Englewood, Colorado
Teva Investigational Site 298
Fayetteville, Arkansas
Teva Investigational Site 160
Gainesville, Florida
Teva Investigational Site 007
Houston, Texas
Teva Investigational Site 199
Houston, Texas
Teva Investigational Site 045
Indianapolis, Indiana
Teva Investigational Site 024
Iowa City, Iowa
Teva Investigational Site 029
Kansas City, Kansas
Teva Investigational Site 220
Kirkland, Washington
Teva Investigational Site 194
Las Vegas, Nevada
Teva Investigational Site 050
Los Angeles, California
Teva Investigational Site 087
Louisville, Kentucky
Teva Investigational Site 014
Miami, Florida
Teva Investigational Site 104
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Teva Investigational Site 031
Nashville, Tennessee
Teva Investigational Site 026
New Brunswick, New Jersey
Teva Investigational Site 002
New York, New York
Teva Investigational Site 342
Patchogue, New York
Teva Investigational Site 038
Phoenix, Arizona
Teva Investigational Site 100
Salt Lake City, Utah
Teva Investigational Site 096
Seattle, Washington
Teva Investigational Site 027
St Louis, Missouri
Teva Investigational Site 093
Toledo, Ohio
Teva Investigational Site 341
Tulsa, Oklahoma
Teva Investigational Site 333
Washington D.C., District of Columbia
Teva Investigational Site 083
Wichita, Kansas
Canada4 sites
Teva Investigational Site 098
Montreal
Teva Investigational Site 300
North York
Teva Investigational Site 231
Ottawa
Teva Investigational Site 300
Ottawa
Australia2 sites
Teva Investigational Site 144
Kew Vic
Teva Investigational Site 054
Sydney
About this study
Official title: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of SD-809 Extended Release for the Treatment of Chorea Associated With Huntington Disease
The purpose of this study is to determine whether SD-809 tablets are effective in the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington's Disease.
Read the detailed description
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of SD-809 for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington's Disease. Approximately 90 subjects will be randomized (1:1) into the study, with approximately 45 subjects receiving SD-809 and 45 subjects receiving placebo. The study will be conducted at approximately 30 centers in the U.S. and Canada.
- Conditions
- Chorea
- Being tested
- SD-809, Placebo
- Keywords
- Huntington disease, Chorea, Tetrabenazine
- Medical subject headings
- Chorea, Huntington Disease
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
SD-809Drug
Also called deutetrabenazine
SD-809 tablets are available in three dose strengths: 6, 9 and 12 mg, all of which are identical in size, shape and color (white).
PlaceboDrug
Placebo tablets are identical in appearance to SD-809 tablets.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| SD-809 ER Tablets | Experimental | SD-809 ER tablets are available in three dose strengths: 6, 9 and 12 mg, all of which are identical in size, shape and color (white). All are administered three times a day, with the 6 mg final dose is placebo. Receives: Drug: SD-809; Drug: Placebo |
| SD-809 Tablets | Experimental | SD-809 tablets are available in three dose strengths: 6, 9 and 12 mg, all of which are identical in size, shape and color (white). All are administered three times a day, with the 6 mg final dose is placebo. Receives: Drug: SD-809; Drug: Placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change From Baseline (Average of Screening and Day 0) in the Average TMC Scores From Weeks 9 & 12
Total TMC score is a sum of chorea scores which range 0-28, with a decrease indicating improvement in chorea
Measured: Screening, Day 0, Weeks 9, 12
Secondary outcomes (4)
Number of Participants With Treatment Success at the End of Therapy as Measured by the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)
A treatment success is defined as Much or Very Much Improved at the Week 12 visit. The PGIC is a 7-point Likert Scale, ranging from very much worse to very much improved
Measured: 12 weeks
Number of Participants With Treatment Success at the End of Therapy Based on Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC)
A treatment success is defined as Much or Very Much Improved at the Week 12 visit. The PGIC is a 7-point Likert Scale, ranging from very much worse to very much improved. The clinician was asked to comment about the subject.
Measured: 12 weeks
Change in the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Functioning Score (Based on Items 3a to 3j) From Baseline to Week 12
Change in the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) physical functioning score (based on items 3a to 3j) from Baseline to Week 12. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability i.e., a score of zero is equivalent to maximum disability and a score of 100 is equivalent to no disability.
Measured: Baseline, 12 weeks
Change in Berg Balance Test (BBT)
The Berg Balance Test (BBT) is a 14-item assessment of sitting, standing, transferring, and turning. Each task ranging from standing up from a sitting position, to standing on one foot each task is given a score of zero (unable) to four (independent), and the final measure is the sum of all of the scores.The scale range, which is 0-56, with higher scores indicating better balance/lower fall risk.
Measured: Baseline, 12 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Feb 2013 (estimated)
- Study start5 Aug 2013
- Primary completion5 Dec 2014
- Study completion5 Dec 2014
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for ChoreaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01795859
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- SD-809-C-15
- Acronym
- First-HD
- Status last verified
- Aug 2017
- First submitted
- 20 Feb 2013
- Last updated
- 20 Sep 2017
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Frank S, Testa CM, Goldstein J, Kayson E, Leavitt BR, Oakes D, O'Neill C, Whaley J, Gross N, Chaijale N, Barash S, Gordon MF; Huntington Study Group/ARC-HD Investigators and Coordinators. Safety and Efficacy of Deutetrabenazine at High versus Lower Daily Dosages in the ARC-HD Study to Treat Chorea in Huntington Disease. CNS Drugs. 2025 Feb;39(2):185-195. doi: 10.1007/s40263-024-01139-3. Epub 2025 Jan 18.
PubMed 39825184Frank S, Anderson KE, Fernandez HH, Hauser RA, Claassen DO, Stamler D, Factor SA, Jimenez-Shahed J, Barkay H, Wilhelm A, Alexander JK, Chaijale N, Barash S, Savola JM, Gordon MF, Chen M. Safety of Deutetrabenazine for the Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia and Chorea Associated with Huntington Disease. Neurol Ther. 2024 Jun;13(3):655-675. doi: 10.1007/s40120-024-00600-1. Epub 2024 Apr 1.
PubMed 38557959Rodrigues FB, Wild EJ. Huntington's Disease Clinical Trials Corner: February 2018. J Huntingtons Dis. 2018;7(1):89-98. doi: 10.3233/JHD-189001.
PubMed 29480210Claassen DO, Carroll B, De Boer LM, Wu E, Ayyagari R, Gandhi S, Stamler D. Indirect tolerability comparison of Deutetrabenazine and Tetrabenazine for Huntington disease. J Clin Mov Disord. 2017 Mar 1;4:3. doi: 10.1186/s40734-017-0051-5. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 28265459Huntington Study Group; Frank S, Testa CM, Stamler D, Kayson E, Davis C, Edmondson MC, Kinel S, Leavitt B, Oakes D, O'Neill C, Vaughan C, Goldstein J, Herzog M, Snively V, Whaley J, Wong C, Suter G, Jankovic J, Jimenez-Shahed J, Hunter C, Claassen DO, Roman OC, Sung V, Smith J, Janicki S, Clouse R, Saint-Hilaire M, Hohler A, Turpin D, James RC, Rodriguez R, Rizer K, Anderson KE, Heller H, Carlson A, Criswell S, Racette BA, Revilla FJ, Nucifora F Jr, Margolis RL, Ong M, Mendis T, Mendis N, Singer C, Quesada M, Paulsen JS, Brashers-Krug T, Miller A, Kerr J, Dubinsky RM, Gray C, Factor SA, Sperin E, Molho E, Eglow M, Evans S, Kumar R, Reeves C, Samii A, Chouinard S, Beland M, Scott BL, Hickey PT, Esmail S, Fung WL, Gibbons C, Qi L, Colcher A, Hackmyer C, McGarry A, Klos K, Gudesblatt M, Fafard L, Graffitti L, Schneider DP, Dhall R, Wojcieszek JM, LaFaver K, Duker A, Neefus E, Wilson-Perez H, Shprecher D, Wall P, Blindauer KA, Wheeler L, Boyd JT, Houston E, Farbman ES, Agarwal P, Eberly SW, Watts A, Tariot PN, Feigin A, Evans S, Beck C, Orme C, Edicola J, Christopher E. Effect of Deutetrabenazine on Chorea Among Patients With Huntington Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2016 Jul 5;316(1):40-50. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.8655.
PubMed 27380342
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 20 Sep 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of SD-809 Extended Release for the Treatment of Chorea Associated With Huntington Disease
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01795859
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- First-HD / SD-809-C-15
- Conditions
- Chorea
- Keywords
- Huntington disease, Chorea, Tetrabenazine
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- 5 Aug 2013 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 5 Dec 2014 (actual)
- Study completion
- 5 Dec 2014 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Feb 2013 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 11 Aug 2017
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether SD-809 tablets are effective in the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington's Disease.
Detailed description
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of SD-809 for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington's Disease. Approximately 90 subjects will be randomized (1:1) into the study, with approximately 45 subjects receiving SD-809 and 45 subjects receiving placebo. The study will be conducted at approximately 30 centers in the U.S. and Canada.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| SD-809 ER Tablets | Experimental | Drug: SD-809, Drug: PlaceboSD-809 ER tablets are available in three dose strengths: 6, 9 and 12 mg, all of which are identical in size, shape and color (white). All are administered three times a day, with the 6 mg final dose is placebo. |
| SD-809 Tablets | Experimental | Drug: SD-809, Drug: PlaceboSD-809 tablets are available in three dose strengths: 6, 9 and 12 mg, all of which are identical in size, shape and color (white). All are administered three times a day, with the 6 mg final dose is placebo. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Subject is at least 18 years of age or the age of majority (whichever is older) at Screening.
- Subject has been diagnosed with manifest HD
- Subject is able to swallow study medication whole.
- Female subjects of childbearing potential agree to use an acceptable method of contraception from screening through study completion.
- The subject has a reliable caregiver who interacts with the patient on a daily basis, oversees study drug administration, assures attendance at study visits and participates in evaluations, as required.
Key exclusion criteria (25 listed)
- Subject has a serious untreated or under-treated psychiatric illness, such as depression, at Screening or Baseline.
- Subject has active suicidal ideation at Screening or Baseline.
- Subject has history of suicidal behavior at Screening or Baseline:
- Subject has evidence for depression at Screening or Baseline.
- Subject has an unstable or serious medical or psychiatric illness at Screening or Baseline.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| SD-809Also: deutetrabenazineSD-809 tablets are available in three dose strengths: 6, 9 and 12 mg, all of which are identical in size, shape and color (white). | Drug | SD-809 ER Tablets, SD-809 Tablets |
| PlaceboPlacebo tablets are identical in appearance to SD-809 tablets. | Drug | SD-809 ER Tablets, SD-809 Tablets |
Primary outcome
Change From Baseline (Average of Screening and Day 0) in the Average TMC Scores From Weeks 9 & 12
Time frame: Screening, Day 0, Weeks 9, 12
Total TMC score is a sum of chorea scores which range 0-28, with a decrease indicating improvement in chorea
4 secondary outcomes
Number of Participants With Treatment Success at the End of Therapy as Measured by the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)
Time frame: 12 weeks
Number of Participants With Treatment Success at the End of Therapy Based on Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC)
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change in the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Functioning Score (Based on Items 3a to 3j) From Baseline to Week 12
Time frame: Baseline, 12 weeks
Change in Berg Balance Test (BBT)
Time frame: Baseline, 12 weeks
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 20 Sep 2017.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 39825184Frank S, Testa CM, Goldstein J, Kayson E, Leavitt BR, Oakes D, O'Neill C, Whaley J, Gross N, Chaijale N, Barash S, Gordon MF; Huntington Study Group/ARC-HD Investigators and Coordinators. Safety and Efficacy of Deutetrabenazine at High versus Lower Daily Dosages in the ARC-HD Study to Treat Chorea in Huntington Disease. CNS Drugs. 2025 Feb;39(2):185-195. doi: 10.1007/s40263-024-01139-3. Epub 2025 Jan 18.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 38557959Frank S, Anderson KE, Fernandez HH, Hauser RA, Claassen DO, Stamler D, Factor SA, Jimenez-Shahed J, Barkay H, Wilhelm A, Alexander JK, Chaijale N, Barash S, Savola JM, Gordon MF, Chen M. Safety of Deutetrabenazine for the Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia and Chorea Associated with Huntington Disease. Neurol Ther. 2024 Jun;13(3):655-675. doi: 10.1007/s40120-024-00600-1. Epub 2024 Apr 1.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 29480210Rodrigues FB, Wild EJ. Huntington's Disease Clinical Trials Corner: February 2018. J Huntingtons Dis. 2018;7(1):89-98. doi: 10.3233/JHD-189001.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 28265459Claassen DO, Carroll B, De Boer LM, Wu E, Ayyagari R, Gandhi S, Stamler D. Indirect tolerability comparison of Deutetrabenazine and Tetrabenazine for Huntington disease. J Clin Mov Disord. 2017 Mar 1;4:3. doi: 10.1186/s40734-017-0051-5. eCollection 2017.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 27380342Huntington Study Group; Frank S, Testa CM, Stamler D, Kayson E, Davis C, Edmondson MC, Kinel S, Leavitt B, Oakes D, O'Neill C, Vaughan C, Goldstein J, Herzog M, Snively V, Whaley J, Wong C, Suter G, Jankovic J, Jimenez-Shahed J, Hunter C, Claassen DO, Roman OC, Sung V, Smith J, Janicki S, Clouse R, Saint-Hilaire M, Hohler A, Turpin D, James RC, Rodriguez R, Rizer K, Anderson KE, Heller H, Carlson A, Criswell S, Racette BA, Revilla FJ, Nucifora F Jr, Margolis RL, Ong M, Mendis T, Mendis N, Singer C, Quesada M, Paulsen JS, Brashers-Krug T, Miller A, Kerr J, Dubinsky RM, Gray C, Factor SA, Sperin E, Molho E, Eglow M, Evans S, Kumar R, Reeves C, Samii A, Chouinard S, Beland M, Scott BL, Hickey PT, Esmail S, Fung WL, Gibbons C, Qi L, Colcher A, Hackmyer C, McGarry A, Klos K, Gudesblatt M, Fafard L, Graffitti L, Schneider DP, Dhall R, Wojcieszek JM, LaFaver K, Duker A, Neefus E, Wilson-Perez H, Shprecher D, Wall P, Blindauer KA, Wheeler L, Boyd JT, Houston E, Farbman ES, Agarwal P, Eberly SW, Watts A, Tariot PN, Feigin A, Evans S, Beck C, Orme C, Edicola J, Christopher E. Effect of Deutetrabenazine on Chorea Among Patients With Huntington Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2016 Jul 5;316(1):40-50. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.8655.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
43 sites in 3 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing SD-809 in people with Chorea, run by Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc. at 43 sites in 3 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 25 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 Sep 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 43 sites in United States, Canada, Australia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 11 Aug 2017). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change From Baseline (Average of Screening and Day 0) in the Average TMC Scores From Weeks 9 & 12 (time frame: Screening, Day 0, Weeks 9, 12). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01795859, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 Sep 2017.