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SchizophreniaPhase 3NCT01810380

Brexpiprazole in Patients With Acute Schizophrenia

A Phase 3 study testing Brexpiprazole and Quetiapine extended release in people with Schizophrenia, run by H. Lundbeck A/S at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

To determine the efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole for the treatment of adults experiencing an acute episode of schizophrenia. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 65 years
Conditions the study is for
Schizophrenia
What is being tested?
Brexpiprazole and Quetiapine extended release
Type of treatment
Pill or oral medicine
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
468 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
Mar 2013to Dec 2014
Phase
Phase 3
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 65 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • The patient has schizophrenia, diagnosed according to DSM-IV-TR™ and confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).
  • The patient has an acute exacerbation of psychotic symptoms and marked deterioration of usual function.
  • The patient is willing to be hospitalised from the Screening Visit through Week 6.
  • The patient will benefit from hospitalisation or continued hospitalisation for treatment of a current acute relapse of schizophrenia at study entry.
  • The patient has a history of relapse and/or exacerbation of symptoms when not receiving antipsychotic treatment, excluding the current episode.
  • The patient agrees to protocol-defined use of effective contraception.

Who cannot join

  • The patient has a current Axis I diagnosis (DSM-IV-TR™ criteria) other than schizophrenia established as primary diagnosis.
  • The patient suffers from a current Axis II diagnosis (DSM-IV-TR™ criteria).
  • The patient suffers from mental retardation, organic mental disorders, or mental disorders due to a general medical condition (DSM-IV-TR™ criteria).
  • The patient, in the opinion of the investigator or according to Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), is at significant risk of suicide.
  • The patient has clinically significant tardive dyskinesia or severe akathisia at enrolment.
  • The patient has a history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Show all 11Show fewer
  • The patient has any relevant medical history or current presence of systemic disease.
  • The patient has, at the Screening Visit an abnormal ECG or other abnormal ECG tests that are, in the investigator's opinion, clinically significant.
  • The patient has a history of cancer, other than basal cell or Stage 1 squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, that has not been in remission for >5 years prior to the first dose of brexpiprazole.
  • The patient is, in the investigator's opinion, unlikely to comply with the protocol or is unsuitable for any reason.
  • Other inclusion and exclusion criteria may apply.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • US009

    Escondido, California, 92025

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Interventional, Randomised, Double-blind, Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled, Active-reference, Flexible-dose Study of Brexpiprazole in Patients With Acute Schizophrenia

To determine the efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole for the treatment of adults experiencing an acute episode of schizophrenia.

Conditions
Schizophrenia
Being tested
Placebo, Brexpiprazole, Quetiapine extended release
Medical subject headings
Schizophrenia

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • PlaceboDrug

    Once daily as tablets and capsules, orally

  • BrexpiprazoleDrug

    2-4 mg/day, once daily, tablets, orally

  • Quetiapine extended releaseDrug

    Also called Seroquel XL®/XR®

    400-800 mg/day, once daily, encapsulated tablets, orally

Study groups in NCT01810380
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
PlaceboPlacebo comparatorNot described
Receives: Drug: Placebo
BrexpiprazoleExperimentalPatients randomised to brexpiprazole received 1mg/day on Day 1, 2mg/day on Day 2, 3mg/day on Day 3 (uptitration); the dose could be adjusted from Day 4 onwards to 2, 3, or 4mg/day to optimise the clinical effect and tolerability.
Receives: Drug: Brexpiprazole
Quetiapine extended releaseOtherActive Reference. Patients randomised to quetiapine received 300mg/day on Day 1, 600mg/day on Days 2 and 3 (uptitration); the dose could be adjusted from Day 4 onwards to 400, 600, or 800mg/day to optimise the clinical effect and tolerability.
Receives: Drug: Quetiapine extended release

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Total Score

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a 30-item scale for assessing the symptoms of schizophrenia. For each PANSS item, symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. The PANSS total score (30 items) ranged from 30 to 210 with a higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms.

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

Secondary outcomes (17)
  1. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in CGI-S Score

    The Clinical Global Impression - Severity of Illness (CGI-S) provides the clinician's impression of the patient's current state of mental illness.

    The clinician uses his or her clinical experience of this patient population to rate the severity of the patient's current mental illness on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (normal - not at all ill) to 7 (among the most extremely ill patients).

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  2. CGI-I Score at Week 6

    The Clinical Global Impression - Global Improvement (CGI-I) provides the clinician's impression of the patient's improvement (or worsening).

    The clinician assesses the patient's condition relative to a baseline on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse). In all cases, the assessment should be made independent of whether the rater believes the improvement is drug-related or not.

    Measured: Week 6

  3. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Positive Subscale Score

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinician rated scale designed to measure severity of psychopathology in adult patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and other psychotic disorders. It emphasizes positive and negative symptoms. The PANSS Positive Subscale score is calculated from 7 items (for example: delusions, conceptual disorganization and hallucinatory behaviour). Symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. Higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  4. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Negative Subscale Score

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinician rated scale designed to measure severity of psychopathology in adult patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and other psychotic disorders. It emphasizes positive and negative symptoms. The PANSS Negative Subscale score is calculated from 7 items (for example: blunted affect, emotional withdrawal and poor rapport). Symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. Higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  5. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS General Psychopathology Subscale Score

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinician rated scale designed to measure severity of psychopathology in adult patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and other psychotic disorders. It emphasizes positive and negative symptoms. The PANSS General Psychopathology Subscale score is calculated from 16 items (for example: somatic concern, anxiety and guilt feelings). Symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. Higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  6. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Excited Component Score

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinician rated scale designed to measure severity of psychopathology in adult patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and other psychotic disorders. It emphasizes positive and negative symptoms. The PANSS Excited Component score is calculated from 5 items (for example: poor impulse control, tension and hostility). Symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. Higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  7. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Marder Factor Scores: Negative Symptoms

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinician rated scale designed to measure severity of psychopathology in adult patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and other psychotic disorders. It emphasizes positive and negative symptoms. The PANSS Marder Factor scores: negative symptoms is calculated from 7 items (for example: blunted affect, emotional withdrawal and motor retardation). Symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. Higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  8. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Marder Factor Scores: Positive Symptoms

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinician rated scale designed to measure severity of psychopathology in adult patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and other psychotic disorders. It emphasizes positive and negative symptoms. The PANSS Marder Factor scores: positive symptoms is calculated from 8 items (for example: delusions, conceptual disorganization and stereotype thinking). Symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. Higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  9. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Marder Factor Scores: Disorganized Thoughts

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinician rated scale designed to measure severity of psychopathology in adult patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and other psychotic disorders. It emphasizes positive and negative symptoms. The PANSS Marder Factor scores: disorganized thoughts is calculated from 7 items (for example: conceptual disorganization, difficulty in abstract thinking and mannerisms and posturing). Symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. Higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  10. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Marder Factor Scores: Uncontrolled Hostility/Excitement

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinician rated scale designed to measure severity of psychopathology in adult patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and other psychotic disorders. It emphasizes positive and negative symptoms. The PANSS Marder Factor scores: uncontrolled hostility/excitement is calculated from 4 items (for example: excitement, hostility, and uncooperativeness).Symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. Higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  11. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Marder Factor Scores: Anxiety/Depression

    The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinician rated scale designed to measure severity of psychopathology in adult patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and other psychotic disorders. It emphasizes positive and negative symptoms. The PANSS Marder Factor scores: anxiety/depression is calculated from 4 items (for example: anxiety, guilt feelings, and tension). Symptom severity was rated on a 7-point scale, from 1=absent to 7=extreme. Higher score indicating greater severity of symptoms

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  12. Discontinuation Due to Lack of Efficacy During the Study

    Discontinuation due to lack of efficacy was based on the primary reason for withdrawal

    Measured: Baseline to Week 6

  13. Response Rate at Week 6

    The response rate was defined as a reduction of ≥30% from baseline in PANSS total score OR a CGI-I score of 1 or 2

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  14. Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PSP Total Score

    The Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) is a clinician-rated scale designed and validated to measure a patient's current level of social functioning. The PSP scale consists of a 100-point single-item rating scale, subdivided into 10 equal intervals. Scores of 1 to 10 indicate lack of autonomy in basic functioning, whereas scores of 91 to 100 reflect excellent functioning. The total score is rated by the investigator and is based on an algorithm which takes both the ratings of the 4 primary domains of PSP, and the combination of these ratings into account. The 4 primary domains are: socially useful activities (including work and study), personal and social relationships, self-care, and disturbing and aggressive behaviours. The 4 domains are assessed on a 6-point scale, from absent to very severe. A higher score indicates a better performance.

    Measured: Baseline and Week 6

  15. PSP Functional Remission Rate at Week 6

    The PSP functional remission rate was defined as a PSP total score ≥71

    Measured: Week 6

  16. PSP Functional Response Rate at Week 6

    The PSP functional response rate was defined as ≥10 point improvement from Baseline on the PSP total score

    Measured: Week 6

  17. PSP Domain D: Disturbing and Aggressive Behaviours at Week 6

    PSP domain D: disturbing and aggressive behaviours were categorised as "aggressive" (corresponding to mild, manifest, marked, severe, or very severe) or "nonaggressive" (corresponding to absent)

    Measured: Week 6

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted13 Mar 2013 (estimated)
  2. Study startMar 2013
  3. Primary completionDec 2014
  4. Study completionDec 2014

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Participant, Investigator
Enrolment
468 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT01810380
Sponsor's protocol ID
14644A
Other IDs
2012-002252-17
Status last verified
Feb 2017
First submitted
11 Mar 2013
Last updated
16 Mar 2017
Data monitoring committee
No

Publications

  • Citrome L, Farovik A, Palma AM, Yildirim M. Effects of Brexpiprazole on Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia Who Have Hostility and Agitation Symptoms: Post Hoc Analysis of Short- and Long-Term Trials. J Clin Psychiatry. 2026 Jul 20;87(3):26m16448. doi: 10.4088/JCP.26m16448.

    PubMed 42474330
  • Correll CU, Yildirim M, Zhang Z, Palma AM, Pham T, Pflug B. Efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole in early-episode schizophrenia: post hoc analysis of Phase 3 clinical trials in adults and adolescents. Psychiatry Res. 2026 Jun;360:117091. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117091. Epub 2026 Mar 12.

    PubMed 41849920
  • Ismail Z, Kapadia S, Palma AM, Yildirim M, Farovik A. Brexpiprazole for anxiety symptoms in schizophrenia: a pooled analysis of short- and long-term trials. Curr Med Res Opin. 2025 Aug;41(8):1535-1548. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2025.2552286. Epub 2025 Sep 11.

    PubMed 40859756
  • Ismail Z, Meehan SR, Farovik A, Kapadia S, Palma AM, Zhang Z, McIntyre RS. Effects of brexpiprazole on patient life engagement in schizophrenia: post hoc analysis of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale data. Curr Med Res Opin. 2025 Jan;41(1):145-153. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2024.2440059. Epub 2025 Jan 3.

    PubMed 39749727
  • Correll CU, He Y, Therrien F, MacKenzie E, Meehan SR, Weiss C, Hefting N, Hobart M. Effects of Brexpiprazole on Functioning in Patients With Schizophrenia: Post Hoc Analysis of Short- and Long-Term Studies. J Clin Psychiatry. 2022 Mar 1;83(2):20m13793. doi: 10.4088/JCP.20m13793.

    PubMed 35235720
  • Marder SR, Meehan SR, Weiss C, Chen D, Hobart M, Hefting N. Effects of Brexpiprazole Across Symptom Domains in Patients With Schizophrenia: Post Hoc Analysis of Short- and Long-Term Studies. Schizophr Bull Open. 2021 May 1;2(1):sgab014. doi: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgab014. eCollection 2021 Jan.

    PubMed 34901863

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 3 study testing Brexpiprazole and Quetiapine extended release in people with Schizophrenia, run by H. Lundbeck A/S at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Mar 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 29 Mar 2016). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change From Baseline to Week 6 in PANSS Total Score (time frame: Baseline and Week 6). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01810380, which also lists 6 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Mar 2017.

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