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Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy or ChemoradiotherapyNCT01871350

Nutrition Intervention During Chemotherapy

A study testing Daily intake for 10 weeks (+/- 2 weeks) in people with Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy, run by Texas A&M University at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Weight loss and muscle wasting commonly occurs in patients with cancer, negatively influencing their quality of life, treatment response and survival. Weight loss has been reported as a side effect of chemotherapy treatment in cancer. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
What is being tested?
Daily intake for 10 weeks (+/- 2 weeks)
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
31 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
26 Apr 2013to 3 Nov 2015
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Diagnosed with cancer
  • Scheduled for chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy
  • Ability to sign informed consent
  • Age 18y and older
  • Ability to lie in supine position for 7 hours
  • Healthy male or female according to the investigator's or appointed staff's judgment
  • Age 18 years or older
  • No diagnosis of cancer

Who cannot join

  • Presence of fever within the last 3 days
  • BMI > 38 kg/m2 (healthy controls only)
  • Untreated metabolic diseases including hepatic or renal disorder
  • Presence of acute illness or metabolically unstable chronic illness
  • Use of protein or amino acid containing nutritional supplements within 5 days of first test day
  • Known hypersensitivity to fish and/or shellfish, Swanson EFAs Super EPA Fish oil or any of its ingredients, Swanson EFAs Certified Organic Extra Virgin Olive oil or any of its ingredients, Smartfish Nutrifriend or any of its ingredients (Cancer subjects only)
Show all 10Show fewer
  • Use of supplements containing EPA+DHA 3 months prior to the first test day
  • Any other condition according to the PI or nurse that would interfere with the study or safety of the patient
  • Failure to give informed consent
  • (Possible) pregnancy

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Texas A&M University

    College Station, Texas, 77843

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Effects of Chemotherapy and Nutritional Intervention on Gut Function and Metabolism in Cancer

Weight loss and muscle wasting commonly occurs in patients with cancer, negatively influencing their quality of life, treatment response and survival. Weight loss has been reported as a side effect of chemotherapy treatment in cancer. Weight changes may be the consequence of energy imbalance and disturbances in protein metabolism (through different factors linked with chemotherapy), such as reduced caloric and protein intake (partly related to depression), poor treatment tolerance, hormonal alterations, systemic inflammation etc. This results in body composition modifications in favor of fat gain and/or lean body mass loss in early stage cancer and loss of both fat mass and lean mass in advanced cancer. Depletion of lean tissue in cancer patients is related to short survival, and decreased skeletal muscle mass and function may result in fatigue and inactivity, which contributes to fat mass changes and can be responsible for chemo-toxicity and increased mortality.

Gains in muscle mass are difficult to achieve in cancer unless specific metabolic abnormalities are targeted. Recently, the investigators observed that essential amino acid mixtures (EAA) are able to induce protein anabolism in patients with stage III and IV non-small cell lung cancer. Previous experimental research and clinical studies in cachectic conditions (including cancer) indicate that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are able to attenuate protein degradation by improving the anabolic response to feeding and by decreasing the acute phase response. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (in combination with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) has been shown to effectively inhibit weight loss in several disease states; however, weight and muscle mass gain was not present or minimal. Recent studies examining the effect of fish oil supplementation in relation to chemotherapy have been inconclusive but found potential beneficial effects on physical performance and increased efficacy of first-line chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

It is the investigators' hypothesis that supplementation with milk protein (containing essential amino acids) carbohydrate (CHO) mixture in combination with fish oil supplementation will target the metabolic alterations in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, attenuating the negative effects of chemotherapy on gut function, muscle mass and muscle function, and cognition; and leading to reduced toxicity from chemotherapy.

Read the detailed description

For the cancer subjects, the study involves 1 test day prior to a chemotherapy treatment, a 10-week (± 2 weeks) nutritional intervention period at home starting the first day of the chemotherapy treatment, and one test day after this intervention. Chemotherapy in general lasts at least a few months. Recent studies indicate that a 10-week nutritional supplementation period should be long enough to reach significant improvements in nutritional and clinical outcome parameters during chemotherapy. Throughout these 10 weeks the cancer subjects will take the supplements at home. Cancer subjects will be randomly assigned to receive either fish oil or a placebo and protein or a placebo and will take these supplements daily throughout 10 weeks during chemotherapy.

For the healthy subjects, the study will involve one test day (approx. 8 hours).

On the test days, the response to a protein meal will be examined and subjects will receive a mixture of amino acids which are a little bit heavier than normal, called stable isotopes. Subjects will also ingest a sugar drink to assess gut permeability. In total, approximate 120 ml of blood will be drawn on each test day to assess outcome measures. The investigators' will also collect urine over these 8 hours, and cancer subjects are asked to collect a fecal sample the day before the test day.

After completing the nutritional intervention study, cancer subjects will be monitored for up to 6 months via 2 phone calls and through their physician as part of clinical care. Between 6 months and 2 years after completion of the study, information about disease progression (survival) will be obtained from the physician.

Being tested
Daily intake for 10 weeks (+/- 2 weeks)
Keywords
Cancer, Chemotherapy, Chemo related toxicity, Protein digestion, Fat digestion, Gut function, Glucose absorption, Muscle function
Medical subject headings
Neoplasms

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Daily intake for 10 weeks (+/- 2 weeks)Dietary supplement

Study groups in NCT01871350
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Protein and Fish OilExperimentalLow Dose (FFM <49kg): 30.00g milk protein + 12.75g maltodextrin and 6g fish oil High dose (FFM >49kg): 40.00g milk protein + 17.00g maltodextrin and 8g fish oil
Receives: Dietary Supplement: Daily intake for 10 weeks (+/- 2 weeks)
ProteinExperimentalLow Dose (FFM <49kg): 30.00g milk protein + 12.75g maltodextrin and 6g olive oil High dose (FFM >49kg): 40.00g milk protein + 17.00g maltodextrin and 8g olive oil
Receives: Dietary Supplement: Daily intake for 10 weeks (+/- 2 weeks)
PlaceboPlacebo comparatorLow Dose (FFM <49kg): 12.75g maltodextrin and 6g olive oil High dose (FFM >49kg): 17.00g maltodextrin and 8g olive oil
Receives: Dietary Supplement: Daily intake for 10 weeks (+/- 2 weeks)

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Net whole-body protein synthesis

    The acute change in whole-body protein synthesis rate before and after intake of meal is determined on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: Acutely before and after 4 hours of feeding and the change after 10 weeks of supplementation

Secondary outcomes (15)
  1. Citrulline Rate of appearance

    Plasma enrichment of citrulline is determined on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: In the postabsorptive state for 4h on the first test day and the change on the second test day after 10 weeks of supplementation

  2. Glucose absorption

    Recovery of 3-O-Methyl-D-glucose in the urine is measured on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: 7 hours during the test day and the change after 10 weeks of supplementation

  3. Gut permeability

    Recovery of rhamnose/lactulose in urine is measured on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: 7 hours during the test day and the change after 10 weeks of supplementation

  4. Skeletal and respiratory muscle strength

    Difference in leg strength and fatigue, handgrip strength and fatigue, and inspiratory and expiratory pressure between heart failure patients and healthy controls on test day 1. The cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: In the postabsorptive state on the first test day and the change on the second test day after 10 weeks of supplementation

  5. Cognitive function

    Outcome of neuro-psychological tests in heart failure patients and healthy controls in relation to the tryptophan metabolism. The cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: On the first test day and the change on the second test day after 10 weeks of supplementation

  6. Fatty acid digestion after feeding

    Enrichment in palmitic acid and tripalmitin fatty acids in plasma in response to a meal is measured on the first test day in for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: Acutely after 4 hours of feeding and the change after 10 weeks of supplementation

  7. Protein digestion after feeding

    Ratio enrichment free phenylalanine vs phenylalanine from protein spirulina in response to a meal is measured on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: Acutely after 4 hours of feeding and the change after 10 weeks of supplementation

  8. Whole body collagen breakdown rate

    Hydroxyproline enrichment in plasma is measured on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: In the postabsorptive state on the first test day and the change on the second test day after 10 weeks of supplementation

  9. Tryptophan turnover rate

    Tryptophan enrichment in plasma is measured on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: In the postabsorptive state on the first test day and the change on the second test day after 10 weeks of supplementation

  10. Insulin response to feeding

    The acute change in insulin levels before and after intake of meal is determined on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: Before and acutely after 4 hours of feeding and the change after 10 weeks of supplementation

  11. Fat-free mass

    Fat free mass is measured on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: In postabsorptive state on test day 1 and the difference on test day 2, after 10 weeks of supplementation

  12. Myofibrillar protein breakdown rate

    The acute change 3-methylhistidine enrichment in plasma before and after intake of meal is determined on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: Before and acutely after 4 hours of feeding and the change after 10 weeks of supplementation

  13. Glycine rate of appearance

    Glycine enrichment in plasma is measured on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: In the postabsorptive state on the first test day and the change on the second test day after 10 weeks of supplementation

  14. Taurine turnover rate

    Enrichment of taurine in plasma is measured on the first test day for the healthy control group and the cancer group. Secondly, the cancer patients in all 3 intervention arms are also measured after 10 weeks of intervention to examine the effects of fish oil and protein supplementation during chemotherapy on this outcome measure.

    Measured: In the postabsorptive state on the first test day and the change on the second test day after 10 weeks of supplementation

  15. Functional Status

    Functional status will be assessed by the Karnofsky Performance Score, a widely used method to assess the functional status of a cancer patient. It describes a patient's functional status as a comprehensive 11-point scale ranging from 0% to 100%.

    Measured: On the first test day and the change on the second test day after 10 weeks of supplementation

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted6 Jun 2013 (estimated)
  2. Study start26 Apr 2013
  3. Primary completion3 Nov 2015
  4. Study completion3 Nov 2015

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Supportive care
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Participant, Investigator
Enrolment
31 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT01871350
Sponsor's protocol ID
2012-0504
Status last verified
Sep 2025
First submitted
4 Jun 2013
Last updated
30 Sep 2025
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No

Publications

  • Huttl VN, Deutz N, Wierzchowska-McNew RA, Ruebush LE, Engelen M. Whole-body and intracellular arginine metabolism in hypertension: role of disease severity and sex. Am J Hypertens. 2026 May 18:hpag047. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpag047. Online ahead of print.

    PubMed 42149813

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Daily intake for 10 weeks (+/- 2 weeks) in people with Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy, run by Texas A&M University at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Net whole-body protein synthesis (time frame: Acutely before and after 4 hours of feeding and the change after 10 weeks of supplementation). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01871350, which also lists 1 linked publication.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Sep 2025.

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