Major Depressive DisorderPhase 2NCT01874951
Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN) for Depression Relapse and Recurrence
A Phase 2 study testing Naltrexone in people with Major Depressive Disorder and Depression, Unipolar, run by Massachusetts General Hospital at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The purpose of this pilot study is to determine if taking a low dose of naltrexone in addition to an antidepressant medication can help treat relapse or recurrence in people with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The U.S. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Major Depressive Disorder, Depression, Unipolar, Recurrence
- What is being tested?
- Naltrexone
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 12 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Jun 2013to Jun 2015
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age 18-65.
- Written informed consent.
- Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) criteria by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I/P) for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), current.
- Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology - Self-Rated (QIDS-SR) score of at least 12 at both screen and baseline visits.
- Received treatment with either an Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI) in combination with a dopaminergic agent, or with an antidepressant with a dopaminergic mechanism of action in adequate doses, achieved remission per American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) Task Force guidelines for ≥3 months, currently in relapse or recurrence without dose change for at least the past 4 weeks, based on meeting DSM-IV criteria for MDD.
- Dopaminergic agents here include classical stimulants from the amphetamine or methylphenidate families; dopamine agonists (e.g. pramipexole); or dopamine active antidepressants like bupropion.
Show all 10Show fewer
- Additionally, low dose (< 2.5 mg) Abilify, a D2 partial agonist, is believed to exert pro-dopaminergic effects and will therefore be included as a dopamine agent.
- Sertraline, although classified as an SSRI, has dopamine reuptake inhibiting properties believed to be relevant at higher doses (> 150 mg of sertraline), and will also therefore be considered a dopaminergic antidepressant at dose range above.
- Based on the finding that the norepinephrine transporter is the reuptake inhibitor for dopamine in the prefrontal cortex and the robust sustained clinical response of a patient on duloxetine and low dose naltrexone, we include duloxetine, traditionally classed as an SNRI, among the dopamine acting antidepressants.)
- During the baseline visit, patients must be on a stable dose of antidepressant regimen for the past 4 weeks.
Who cannot join
- Pregnant women or women of child bearing potential who are not using a medically accepted means of contraception (to include oral contraceptive or implant, condom, diaphragm, spermicide, intrauterine device, tubal ligation, or partner with vasectomy).
- Patients who no longer meet DSM-IV criteria for MDD during the baseline visit.
- Patients who demonstrate a greater than 25% decrease in depressive symptoms as reflected by the QIDS-SR total score - screen to baseline.
- Serious suicide or homicide risk, as assessed by evaluating clinician.
- Unstable medical illness including cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, respiratory, endocrine, neurological, or hematological disease.
- Substance use disorders active within the last six months, any bipolar disorder (current or past), any psychotic disorder (current or past).
Show all 12Show fewer
- History of a seizure disorder or clinical evidence of untreated hypothyroidism.
- Patients requiring excluded medications (including but not limited to chronic or episodic use of anorexiants, episodic hormones, episodic benzodiazepines, episodic insulin, episodic and other episodic psychotropic medications).
- Psychotic features in the current episode or a history of psychotic features, as assessed by SCID.
- History of naltrexone intolerance at any dose.
- Patients with a history of antidepressant-induced hypomania.
- Inadequate exposure time or dose of current SSRI or Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI); failure to comply with at least 80% of doses.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Massachusetts General Hospital; Depression Research and Clinical Program
Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
About this study
Official title: Randomized, Proof-Of-Concept Trial of Augmentation of Antidepressants by Low Dose Naltrexone (LDN) for Patients With Breakthrough Symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder on Antidepressant Therapy
The purpose of this pilot study is to determine if taking a low dose of naltrexone in addition to an antidepressant medication can help treat relapse or recurrence in people with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence and opioid dependence, but the FDA has not approved naltrexone to treat depression. The investigators hypothesize that patients with breakthrough depression on an antidepressant regimen containing a pro-dopaminergic agent assigned to treatment with low dose naltrexone will demonstrate higher rates of response compared to those patients taking placebo.
Read the detailed description
We carried out a pilot double-blind, randomized, controlled study of low-dose naltrexone (LDN) 1 mg b.i.d. versus placebo augmentation in MDD patients who relapsed on dopaminergic agents. The primary aim was to test the hypothesis that patients experiencing depressive breakthrough would demonstrate greater improvement in their depression when supplementing their current antidepressant regimen with LDN versus placebo, with no significant difference in side effects.
Boston area men and women with MDD were recruited from 01/13/2014-11/11/2014 via Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved newspaper, television, internet, and radio ads initiated by Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and Boston Clinical Trials (BCT). Screened and eligible patients returned one week later for a baseline visit and were randomized consecutively to double-blind treatment with placebo or LDN 1 mg b.i.d. The randomization list was generated by an online randomization program and maintained by the research pharmacist. Subjects were treated for 3 weeks, with weekly assessments. All subjects were required to continue on their baseline antidepressant regimen without changes for the duration of the study; they were likewise asked not to modify any other allowed baseline medications that they had been taking prior to entering the study. Adherence was determined by weekly pill counts; protocol violation was defined as less than 80% adherence.
Side effects were assessed at every visit using the Systematic Assessment for Treatment Emergent Effects-Specific Inquiry (SAFTEE-SI) scale (Levine and Schooler, 1992) and categorized by severity as: 0-none, 1-mild, 2-moderate, 3-severe. Because some SAFTEE items could be present at baseline, particularly in a sample of subjects taking antidepressants that could themselves produce side effects, we defined as treatment-emergent any SAFTEE side effect for which severity increased by two or more levels (e.g. from none to moderate or from mild to severe) from baseline (Mischoulon et al., 2014). Frequency of side effect was based on the number of patients reporting the side effect at any time during the study.
Suicidal ideation was assessed at each visit using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). Subjects considered to be at high risk for suicide were discontinued and referred for further evaluation and hospitalization if clinically indicated. Subjects were also discontinued for any emergence of hypomania, mania, or psychosis; a Clinical Global Improvement (CGI-I) score greater than 5 (e.g., score of 6 or 7); evidence of illicit drug use or problematic alcohol use.
At the end of the double-blind study, both responders and non-responders who completed the double-blind phase had the option of receiving open-label adjunctive treatment with LDN for 3 more weeks.
Paired and independent samples t-tests and their nonparametric counterparts (Wilcoxon's signed ranks and Mann-Whitney U tests) were used to examine and compare outcomes for each treatment arm. All analyses were two-tailed. Response and remission rates, and emergence of side effects were compared by Fisher's exact test. Effect sizes (ES) were calculated by Cohen's d (Cohen, 1988), for between-subjects comparisons (changes in depression scales from baseline to end for LDN vs. placebo) and for within-subjects comparisons (changes in depression scales from baseline to end for each separate treatment group). Correlation coefficients were calculated for use in within-subjects comparisons. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 17.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois).
- Conditions
- Major Depressive Disorder, Depression, Unipolar, Recurrence, Relapse
- Being tested
- Naltrexone, Placebo
- Keywords
- Depression, Recurrence, Relapse, Antidepressants, Naltrexone, Drug augmentation
- Medical subject headings
- Depressive Disorder, Major, Depressive Disorder, Recurrence, Depression
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
NaltrexoneDrug
Also called LDN
1 mg of naltrexone will be given twice daily to all patients assigned to active drug.
PlaceboDrug
Placebo identical in appearance to naltrexone will be given twice daily to all patients assigned to placebo.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | In this arm, patients will receive placebo for three weeks. Receives: Drug: Placebo |
| Naltrexone | Experimental | In this arm, patients will receive low dose naltrexone for three weeks. Receives: Drug: Naltrexone |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in HAM-D-17 Total Score
Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAM-D-17) item. The change in scores depends on the difference between the initial (baseline) score and the final score at the conclusion of the double blind treatment period. There is no formal range of score changes, since they depend on the initial and final score. A negative score represents a lowering in the score from baseline to end (improvement), and a positive score indicates an increase in score from baseline to end (worsening). A zero score would indicate no change. In theory, the maximum drop in score would be from 52 to zero, or -52. A maximum increase would be from 18 (the minimum score required for admission) to 52, or +34.
Measured: Change from baseline to week 3
Secondary outcomes (7)
Change in HAM-D28 Total Score
Hamilton Depression Scale-28 item. The change in scores depends on the difference between the initial (baseline) score and the final score at the conclusion of the double blind treatment period. There is no formal range of score changes, since they depend on the initial and final score. A negative score represents a lowering in the score from baseline to end (improvement), and a positive score indicates an increase in score from baseline to end (worsening). A zero score would indicate no change. In theory, the maximum drop in score would be from 81 to zero, or -81. A maximum increase would be from 18 (the minimum score required for admission) to 81, or +63.
Measured: Change from baseline to week 3
Change in MADRS-10 Total Score
Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale- 10 item. The change in scores depends on the difference between the initial (baseline) score and the final score at the conclusion of the double blind treatment period. There is no formal range of score changes, since they depend on the initial and final score. A negative score represents a lowering in the score from baseline to end (improvement), and a positive score indicates an increase in score from baseline to end (worsening). A zero score would indicate no change. In theory, the maximum drop in score would be from 60 to zero, or -60. There is no minimum score on the MADRS-10 required for study entry, since the HAMD-17 was the sole entry criteria. However, a score of 18 on the HAMD17 corresponds to approximately a score of 21 on the MADRS-10. A maximum estimated increase would thus be from 21 to 60, or +39.
Measured: Change from baseline to week 3
Change in MADRS-15 Total Score
Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale- 15 item. The change in scores depends on the difference between the initial (baseline) score and the final score at the conclusion of the double blind treatment period. There is no formal range of score changes, since they depend on the initial and final score. A negative score represents a lowering in the score from baseline to end (improvement), and a positive score indicates an increase in score from baseline to end (worsening). A zero score would indicate no change. In theory, the maximum drop in score would be from 90 to zero, or -90. There is no minimum score on the MADRS-15 required for study entry, since the HAMD-17 was the sole entry criteria. However, a score of 18 on the HAMD17 corresponds to approximately a score of 21 on the MADRS-10. A maximum estimated increase would thus be from 21 to 90, or +69.
Measured: Change from baseline to week 3
Change in CGI-S Total Score
Clinical Global Improvement-Severity Scale. The CGI-S score is a one-item scale that measures severity of depression, scored from 1-7, where 1 = no depression is present, 2 = borderline depression, 3 = mild depression, 4 = moderate depression, 5 = marked depression, 6 = severe depression, and 7 = among the most extremely depressed patient. Thus higher scores indicate greater depressive severity. The change in CGI-S score can represent a drop from 7 (maximum severity) to 1 (no depression) or -6. There is no minimum CGI-S score required for admission, but a minimum score of 18 on the HAMD17 corresponds to approximately a score of 4 on the CGI-S. Thus a maximum worsening would be from 4 to 7, or +3.
Measured: Change from baseline to week 3
Final CGI-I Score
Clinical Global Improvement-Improvement Scale. The CGI-I scale is a one item scale that measures overall change in patient's global condition compared to when they were entered into the study. The scale is graded from 1-7, where 1 = very much improved, 2 = much improved, 3 = minimally improved, 4 = no change, 5 = minimally worse, 6 = much worse, and 7 = very much worse. Thus higher scores indicate greater worsening, and lower scores indicate greater improvement. The lowest possible score (indicating maximum improvement) is 1, and the highest possible score (indicating greatest worsening) is 7.
Measured: From baseline to week 3
Response Rate
Response is defined as an improvement in HAM-D-17 score of greater than or equal to 50% compared to baseline score. Response rate is the percent of patients who attain this threshold degree of improvement.
Measured: Response rate after 3 weeks
Remission Rate
Remission is defined as a final HAM-D-17 score of 7 or less. Remission rate is the percent of patients who attain this threshold score.
Measured: Remission rate at 3 weeks.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Jun 2013 (estimated)
- Study startJun 2013
- Primary completionJun 2015
- Study completionJun 2015
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Major Depressive DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Massachusetts General HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 12 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Massachusetts General Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Boston Clinical Trials
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, David Mischoulon, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Investigators
- David Mischoulon, M.D., Principal investigator, Massachusetts General Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01874951
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2013P000371
- Status last verified
- Jan 2017
- First submitted
- 20 May 2013
- Last updated
- 24 Feb 2017
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Mischoulon D, Hylek L, Yeung AS, Clain AJ, Baer L, Cusin C, Ionescu DF, Alpert JE, Soskin DP, Fava M. Randomized, proof-of-concept trial of low dose naltrexone for patients with breakthrough symptoms of major depressive disorder on antidepressants. J Affect Disord. 2017 Jan 15;208:6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.029. Epub 2016 Oct 1.
PubMed 27736689
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Feb 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Randomized, Proof-Of-Concept Trial of Augmentation of Antidepressants by Low Dose Naltrexone (LDN) for Patients With Breakthrough Symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder on Antidepressant Therapy
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01874951
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2013P000371
- Conditions
- Major Depressive Disorder, Depression, Unipolar, Recurrence, Relapse
- Keywords
- Depression, Recurrence, Relapse, Antidepressants, Naltrexone, Drug augmentation
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 12 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Massachusetts General HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Boston Clinical Trials
- Study start
- Jun 2013
- Primary completion
- Jun 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jun 2015 (actual)
- First posted
- 11 Jun 2013 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 24 Feb 2017
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this pilot study is to determine if taking a low dose of naltrexone in addition to an antidepressant medication can help treat relapse or recurrence in people with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence and opioid dependence, but the FDA has not approved naltrexone to treat depression. The investigators hypothesize that patients with breakthrough depression on an antidepressant regimen containing a pro-dopaminergic agent assigned to treatment with low dose naltrexone will demonstrate higher rates of response compared to those patients taking placebo.
Detailed description
We carried out a pilot double-blind, randomized, controlled study of low-dose naltrexone (LDN) 1 mg b.i.d. versus placebo augmentation in MDD patients who relapsed on dopaminergic agents. The primary aim was to test the hypothesis that patients experiencing depressive breakthrough would demonstrate greater improvement in their depression when supplementing their current antidepressant regimen with LDN versus placebo, with no significant difference in side effects.
Boston area men and women with MDD were recruited from 01/13/2014-11/11/2014 via Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved newspaper, television, internet, and radio ads initiated by Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and Boston Clinical Trials (BCT). Screened and eligible patients returned one week later for a baseline visit and were randomized consecutively to double-blind treatment with placebo or LDN 1 mg b.i.d. The randomization list was generated by an online randomization program and maintained by the research pharmacist. Subjects were treated for 3 weeks, with weekly assessments. All subjects were required to continue on their baseline antidepressant regimen without changes for the duration of the study; they were likewise asked not to modify any other allowed baseline medications that they had been taking prior to entering the study. Adherence was determined by weekly pill counts; protocol violation was defined as less than 80% adherence.
Side effects were assessed at every visit using the Systematic Assessment for Treatment Emergent Effects-Specific Inquiry (SAFTEE-SI) scale (Levine and Schooler, 1992) and categorized by severity as: 0-none, 1-mild, 2-moderate, 3-severe. Because some SAFTEE items could be present at baseline, particularly in a sample of subjects taking antidepressants that could themselves produce side effects, we defined as treatment-emergent any SAFTEE side effect for which severity increased by two or more levels (e.g. from none to moderate or from mild to severe) from baseline (Mischoulon et al., 2014). Frequency of side effect was based on the number of patients reporting the side effect at any time during the study.
Suicidal ideation was assessed at each visit using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). Subjects considered to be at high risk for suicide were discontinued and referred for further evaluation and hospitalization if clinically indicated. Subjects were also discontinued for any emergence of hypomania, mania, or psychosis; a Clinical Global Improvement (CGI-I) score greater than 5 (e.g., score of 6 or 7); evidence of illicit drug use or problematic alcohol use.
At the end of the double-blind study, both responders and non-responders who completed the double-blind phase had the option of receiving open-label adjunctive treatment with LDN for 3 more weeks.
Paired and independent samples t-tests and their nonparametric counterparts (Wilcoxon's signed ranks and Mann-Whitney U tests) were used to examine and compare outcomes for each treatment arm. All analyses were two-tailed. Response and remission rates, and emergence of side effects were compared by Fisher's exact test. Effect sizes (ES) were calculated by Cohen's d (Cohen, 1988), for between-subjects comparisons (changes in depression scales from baseline to end for LDN vs. placebo) and for within-subjects comparisons (changes in depression scales from baseline to end for each separate treatment group). Correlation coefficients were calculated for use in within-subjects comparisons. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 17.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlaceboIn this arm, patients will receive placebo for three weeks. |
| Naltrexone | Experimental | Drug: NaltrexoneIn this arm, patients will receive low dose naltrexone for three weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Age 18-65.
- Written informed consent.
- Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) criteria by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I/P) for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), current.
- Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology - Self-Rated (QIDS-SR) score of at least 12 at both screen and baseline visits.
- Received treatment with either an Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI) in combination with a dopaminergic agent, or with an antidepressant with a dopaminergic mechanism of action in adequate doses, achieved remission per American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) Task Force guidelines for ≥3 months, currently in relapse or recurrence without dose change for at least the past 4 weeks, based on meeting DSM-IV criteria for MDD.
Key exclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Pregnant women or women of child bearing potential who are not using a medically accepted means of contraception (to include oral contraceptive or implant, condom, diaphragm, spermicide, intrauterine device, tubal ligation, or partner with vasectomy).
- Patients who no longer meet DSM-IV criteria for MDD during the baseline visit.
- Patients who demonstrate a greater than 25% decrease in depressive symptoms as reflected by the QIDS-SR total score - screen to baseline.
- Serious suicide or homicide risk, as assessed by evaluating clinician.
- Unstable medical illness including cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, respiratory, endocrine, neurological, or hematological disease.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| NaltrexoneAlso: LDN1 mg of naltrexone will be given twice daily to all patients assigned to active drug. | Drug | Naltrexone |
| PlaceboPlacebo identical in appearance to naltrexone will be given twice daily to all patients assigned to placebo. | Drug | Placebo |
Primary outcome
Change in HAM-D-17 Total Score
Time frame: Change from baseline to week 3
Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAM-D-17) item. The change in scores depends on the difference between the initial (baseline) score and the final score at the conclusion of the double blind treatment period. There is no formal range of score changes, since they depend on the initial and final score. A negative score represents a lowering in the score from baseline to end (improvement), and a positive score indicates an increase in score from baseline to end (worsening). A zero score would indicate no change. In theory, the maximum drop in score would be from 52 to zero, or -52. A maximum increase would be from 18 (the minimum score required for admission) to 52, or +34.
7 secondary outcomes
Change in HAM-D28 Total Score
Time frame: Change from baseline to week 3
Change in MADRS-10 Total Score
Time frame: Change from baseline to week 3
Change in MADRS-15 Total Score
Time frame: Change from baseline to week 3
Change in CGI-S Total Score
Time frame: Change from baseline to week 3
Final CGI-I Score
Time frame: From baseline to week 3
Response Rate
Time frame: Response rate after 3 weeks
Remission Rate
Time frame: Remission rate at 3 weeks.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Feb 2017.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 27736689Mischoulon D, Hylek L, Yeung AS, Clain AJ, Baer L, Cusin C, Ionescu DF, Alpert JE, Soskin DP, Fava M. Randomized, proof-of-concept trial of low dose naltrexone for patients with breakthrough symptoms of major depressive disorder on antidepressants. J Affect Disord. 2017 Jan 15;208:6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.029. Epub 2016 Oct 1.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
David Mischoulon, M.D. principal investigator
Massachusetts General Hospital
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Naltrexone in people with Major Depressive Disorder and Depression, Unipolar, run by Massachusetts General Hospital at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 12 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Feb 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 24 Feb 2017). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in HAM-D-17 Total Score (time frame: Change from baseline to week 3). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01874951, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Feb 2017.