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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)Phase 2NIPALS2013NCT01884571

Immunosuppression in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

A Phase 2 study testing Basiliximab, Methylprednisolone and Prednisone in people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), run by Emory University at 3 sites in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

This is a multicenter, 15-month study evaluating the effect of immunosuppression treatment on the rate of change on the ALS Functional Rating Scale (Revised) (ALSFRS-R) score in up to 33 subjects with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
What is being tested?
Basiliximab, Methylprednisolone and Prednisone
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
31 participants
Where
3 sitesUnited States
Study dates
Oct 2013to Jan 2016
Phase
Phase 2
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

None listed.

Who cannot join

  • Prior use of basiliximab, solumedrol, prednisone, tacrolimus or mycophenolate mofetil within 30 days of the Screening Visit.
  • Known allergy or sensitivity to basiliximab, solumedrol, prednisone, tacrolimus or mycophenolate mofetil or a formulation of one of these drugs.
  • Treatment with an immunosuppressant medication within 30 days of the Screening Visit.
  • Active peptic ulcer disease.
  • Any medical disorder that would make immunosuppression contraindicated including, but not limited to, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis, or evidence of active cytomegalovirus (CMV) or infection.
  • Subjects who have a diaphragm pacing system (DPS).
Show all 11Show fewer
  • Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant in the next 12 months.
  • Active drug or alcohol use or dependence that, in the opinion of the site investigator, would interfere with adherence to study requirements.
  • Use of invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation (including Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) or Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP)) for any part of the day or night prior to the Screening Visit (participants with symptom onset within past 24 months only).
  • Exposure to any other agent currently under investigation for the treatment of patients with ALS (off-label use or investigational) within 30 days of the Screening Visit.
  • Inability to safely complete study activities based on the discretion of the site investigator.

Trial locations and contacts

3 sites in 1 country.

United States3 sites
  • Emory University

    Atlanta, Georgia, 30322

  • Massachusetts General Hospital

    Boston, Massachusetts, 02114

  • University of Massachusetts Medical School

    Worcester, Massachusetts, 01655

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: A Novel Immunosuppression Intervention for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

This is a multicenter, 15-month study evaluating the effect of immunosuppression treatment on the rate of change on the ALS Functional Rating Scale (Revised) (ALSFRS-R) score in up to 33 subjects with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).

Read the detailed description

In an ongoing safety trial of neural stem cell injections into the spinal cord of patients with ALS at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, one patient has demonstrated clear improvement by objective clinical and electrophysiological measures, a finding that is unheard of in patients with ALS.

This patient had an improvement in ALSFRS-R by 1.4 points per month. In 826 historical controls from the Northeast ALS Consortium (NEALS) and the Western ALS Consortium (WALS) database where ALSFRS-R was documented at 2 or more visits, there have been no patients that have shown improvement in ALSFRS as seen in this case. Additionally, 5 patients in the stem cell trial who were not on mechanical ventilators at the time of surgery seem to have very slow disease progression as compared to the expectation from current understanding of typical disease course. This observation raises consideration for a disease-modifying effect of the novel immunosuppression regimen used in this trial. Also, given that ALS is clinically an extraordinarily heterogeneous disease, the diagnosis of ALS may represent a group of phenotypically similar but pathogenically variable disorders. It is possible that there exists a subset of patients with an immune-responsive ALS subtype that has not been previously recognized.

Recent studies have furthered the understanding of the immune mechanisms that contribute to ALS progression. Microglia and lymphocytes have both neurotoxic and neuroprotective functions depending on activation states and physiologic conditions within the nervous system. Therefore, targeted immunotherapies that proportionally suppress neurotoxic immune elements, while sparing or promoting protective elements, seemingly have more potential to modify disease course in ALS than previously tested regimens. It is postulated that the immunosuppression treatment given to the stem cell patients may have exhibited neuroprotective effects by favorably promoting the ratio of regulatory T cells and other protective immune mediators in relation to neurotoxic immune modulators. It is hoped that this trial will optimize the chance of replicating these findings and advance knowledge about the complex changes that occur within the immune system in patients with ALS before and after treatment with an immunosuppression regimen.

The primary outcome measure will be rate of change of ALSFRS-R. A clinical response will be defined as a rate of change of ALSFRS-R of +6 points over a 6 month period (mean of change of +1 point per month).

Secondary outcome measures will include slow vital capacity (SVC), grip strength, and hand held dynamometry (HHD). The change in rate of progression in clinical measures will be monitored to look for a potential disease-modifying effect of the immunosuppression regimen. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid immune system markers will be also be studied.

If a clinical response is seen among study participants following treatment, further analyses will be conducted to explore any differential effects of immunosuppression in participants with early-stage disease and later-stage disease. To ensure adequate numbers of participants for conditional analyses stratifying by symptom onset date, participants will be enrolled based on symptom onset within 24 months of the screening visit or more than 24 months before screening. All participants will have the same treatment and will be treated as a single group for the analyses of the main study outcomes.

Keywords
Immunosuppression, ALS, Neuromuscular Disorders
Medical subject headings
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Neuromuscular Diseases

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • BasiliximabDrug

    Also called Simulect

    20 mg, IV (in the vein) on day 1 and 4.

  • MethylprednisoloneDrug

    Also called Solumedrol

    125 mg, IV (in the vein) on day 1.

  • PrednisoneDrug

    Also called Deltasone, Orasone

    60 mg PO (by mouth) on days 2-7, 40 mg PO days 8-14, 20 mg PO days 15-21, and 10mg PO days 22-28.

  • TacrolimusDrug

    Also called Prograf

    1-5 mg PO, twice a day (BID) days 2-180.

  • Mycophenolate mofetilDrug

    Also called Cellcept

    500 mg PO, BID days 2-7, 500 mg PO each morning and 1000 mg each night, days 8-14, 1000 mg PO BID days 15-180.

Study groups in NCT01884571
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Immunosuppression RegimenExperimentalBasiliximab Methylprednisolone Prednisone Tacrolimus Mycophenolate mofetil
Receives: Drug: Basiliximab; Drug: Methylprednisolone; Drug: Prednisone; Drug: Tacrolimus; Drug: Mycophenolate mofetil

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Number of Participants With an Average Increase in ALSFRS-R Score of One Point Per Month

    The ALS Functional Rating Scale - Revised (ALSFRS-R) is an ordinal rating scale (0 through 4) used to determine the ALS patient's self assessment of their ability and need for assistance in 12 activities or functions. This is a validated scale, both in person and by phone, which provides a total score (best of 48) from four sub-scores which assess speech and swallowing, (bulbar function), use of upper extremities (cervical function), gait and turning in bed (lumbar function), and breathing (respiratory function). A clinical response is defined as a rate of change of ALSFRS-R of +6 points over 6 months (mean of +1 point per month), where typically patients with ALS have a decline in ALSFRS-R by an average of -1/month.

    Measured: Pre-Treatment Period (3 months prior to the start of treatment, 2 months prior to the start of treatment, and 1 month prior to the start of treatment), Treatment Period (Day 1 and then monthly until Month 6)

Secondary outcomes (7)
  1. Mean Rate of Change of ALSFRS-R Scores During Treatment Compared to Pre-Treatment

    The ALS Functional Rating Scale - Revised (ALSFRS-R) is an ordinal rating scale (0 through 4) used to determine the ALS patient's self assessment of their ability and need for assistance in 12 activities or functions. This is a validated scale, both in person and by phone, which provides a total score from four sub-scores which assess speech and swallowing, (bulbar function), use of upper extremities (cervical function), gait and turning in bed (lumbar function), and breathing (respiratory function). Total scores range from 0 (most impaired) to 48 (normal ability). ALSFRS-R was measured during the 3 month lead in period and the 6 month treatment period. A random slopes model was fit to the lead-in and treatment periods, with a change point when treatment started. The analysis was based on the difference in slope after the change point. A negative value means that scores during treatment were lower than pre-treatment scores, indicating a decline in ability over time.

    Measured: Pre-Treatment Period (3 months prior to the start of treatment, 2 months prior to the start of treatment, and 1 month prior to the start of treatment), Treatment Period (Day 1 and then monthly until Month 6)

  2. Mean Rate of Change of Slow Vital Capacity (SVC) During Treatment Compared to Pre-Treatment

    Vital capacity (VC), percent of predicted normal, was determined using the slow VC method. SVC measures the amount of air exhaled following a deep breath. For this test, participants hold a mouthpiece in their mouth, breathe in deeply, and breathe out as much air as they can. The test was done seated in a chair and then repeated while lying on an exam table at the Screening Visit. For all other visits, this test was done while seated in a chair. This test takes 15-20 minutes. SVC was measured during the 3 month lead in period and the 6 month treatment period. A random slopes model was fit to the lead-in and treatment periods, with a change point when treatment started. The analysis was based on the difference in slope after the change point. SVC is a way to measure respiratory insufficiency in persons with ALS and SVC decreases as ALS progresses. A negative value means that scores during treatment were lower than pre-treatment scores, indicating a decline over time.

    Measured: Pre-Treatment Period (3 months prior to the start of treatment, 2 months prior to the start of treatment, and 1 month prior to the start of treatment), Treatment Period (Day 1 and then monthly until Month 6)

  3. Mean Rate of Change of Hand-Held Dynamometry (HHD) During Treatment Compared to Pre-Treatment

    Hand held dynamometry (HHD) is a measure of muscle strength and scores decrease as ALS progresses. Six proximal muscle groups were examined bilaterally in both upper and lower extremities. Mean and standard deviation for each muscle group are established from the initial values for each participant. Strength determinations were converted to Z scores and averaged to provide an HHD megascore. The Z-score indicates the number of standard deviations away from the mean of 0. Negative numbers indicate values lower than the mean and positive numbers indicate values higher than the mean. HHD was measured during the 3 month lead in period and the 6 month treatment period. A random slopes model was fit to the lead-in and treatment periods, with a change point when treatment started. The analysis was based on the difference in slope after the change point. A negative value means that scores during treatment were lower than pre-treatment scores, indicating a decline in strength over time.

    Measured: Pre-Treatment Period (3 months prior to the start of treatment, 2 months prior to the start of treatment, and 1 month prior to the start of treatment), Treatment Period (Day 1 and then monthly until Month 6)

  4. Mean Rate of Change in Grip Strength Treatment Compared to Pre-Treatment

    Hand grip was measured using a study approved dynamometer to test the maximum isometric strength of the hand and forearm muscles. The grip strength of the left and right hands were analyzed together. Grip strength was measured during the 3 month lead in period and the 6 month treatment period. A random slopes model was fit to the the lead-in and treatment periods, with a change point when treatment started. The analysis was based on the difference in slope after the change point. Grip strength is a measurement of muscle strength and declines as ALS progresses. A positive value means that scores during treatment were higher than pre-treatment scores, indicating an increase in grip strength over time.

    Measured: Pre-Treatment Period (3 months prior to the start of treatment, 2 months prior to the start of treatment, and 1 month prior to the start of treatment), Treatment Period (Day 1 and then monthly until Month 6)

  5. Mean Rate of Change of T-cell Subsets in Blood Treatment Compared to Pre-Treatment

    Blood was collected for ribonucleic acid (RNA) and the mean rate of decline of T-cells during the 6 month treatment period compared to the pre-treatment period was assessed (blood was collected twice during the 3-month long lead in period). The precise role that T-cells have in ALS is unknown and this study aims to further the understanding of how T-cells operate in persons with ALS. T-cell measurement is a ratio where the relative expression levels of FOXP3 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was calculated using the Comparative CT Method (ΔΔCT Method), normalizing to β-actin. Samples were obtained during the 3 month lead in period and the 6 month treatment period. A random slopes model was fit to the lead-in and treatment periods, with a change point when treatment started. The analysis was based on the difference in slope after the change point. A negative value means that scores during treatment were lower than pre-treatment scores, indicating a decline in T-cells over time.

    Measured: Pre-Treatment Period (2 months prior to the start of treatment), Treatment Period (Day 1 and Months 1, 2, 4, 6)

  6. Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid for Future Analysis of Cytokine Levels

    Lumbar punctures (LPs) were performed to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF is banked for future use to characterize immune system markers and to further the understanding of the immune factors that contribute to disease progression in ALS. Cytokines are markers of neuroinflammation and can be categorized as neurotoxic or neuroprotective. The role that cytokines play in in ALS progression is still not yet fully understood.

    Measured: Pre-Treatment Period (two months prior to the start of treatment), Treatment Period (Months 2 and 6), Post-Treatment Period (Month 12)

  7. Collection of Blood for Future Analysis of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs)

    Blood was drawn and banked for future use in order to characterize immune system markers and further the understanding of the immune factors that contribute to disease progression in ALS.

    Measured: Pre-Treatment Period (2 months prior to the start of treatment), Treatment Period (Day 1 and Months 1, 2, 4, 6), Post-Treatment Period (Months 8 and 12)

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted24 Jun 2013 (estimated)
  2. Study startOct 2013
  3. Primary completionJan 2016
  4. Study completionJan 2016

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
31 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT01884571
Sponsor's protocol ID
IRB00064218
Other IDs
NIP-ALS-2013, 2013P000981
Acronym
NIPALS2013
Status last verified
Nov 2017
First submitted
19 Jun 2013
Last updated
6 Nov 2017
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Undecided

Publications

  • Fournier CN, Schoenfeld D, Berry JD, Cudkowicz ME, Chan J, Quinn C, Brown RH, Salameh JS, Tansey MG, Beers DR, Appel SH, Glass JD. An open label study of a novel immunosuppression intervention for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2018 May;19(3-4):242-249. doi: 10.1080/21678421.2017.1421666. Epub 2018 Jan 8.

    PubMed 29308669

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2 study testing Basiliximab, Methylprednisolone and Prednisone in people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), run by Emory University at 3 sites in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 0 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Nov 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 3 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 31 Jul 2017). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Number of Participants With an Average Increase in ALSFRS-R Score of One Point Per Month (time frame: Pre-Treatment Period (3 months prior to the start of treatment, 2 months prior to the start of treatment, and 1 month prior to the start of treatment), Treatment Period (Day 1 and then monthly until Month 6)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01884571, which also lists 1 linked publication.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Nov 2017.

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