Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in RemissionPhase 2NCT01885689
Clofarabine and Melphalan Before Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Myelodysplasia, Acute Leukemia in Remission, or Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
A Phase 2 study testing clofarabine, melphalan and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in people with Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission and Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising From Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome, run by City of Hope Medical Center at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This phase II trial studies how well clofarabine and melphalan before a donor stem cell transplant works in treating patients with a decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of myelodysplasia or acute leukemia (disease is in remission), or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission, Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising From Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Remission
- What is being tested?
- clofarabine, melphalan and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 72 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 10 Feb 2014to 23 Aug 2027
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients in 1st or 2nd remission with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), who are eligible for stem cell transplant. Remission defined as no circulating blasts, < 5% blasts in the bone marrow, normalization of previously detected cytogenetic abnormalities, no extramedullary disease
- High risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
- Intermediate II and high risk by International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS)
- Intermediate, high, or very high by World Health Organization (WHO) classification-based Prognostic Scoring System (WPSS)
- Transfusion dependent
- Therapy-related MDS or MDS evolved from previous hematological disorder (excepting myelofibrosis)
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- Patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) are allowed to be enrolled
- Patients with MDS that has evolved to AML must be in remission
- Patients must not be eligible for full ablative regimens by the attending physician
- Patients with AML or MDS arising from myeloproliferative neoplasm can be enrolled after principal investigator (PI) approval on case to case basis, depends on the spleen size and degree of bone marrow fibrosis
- Performance status of >= 70% on the Karnofsky scale
- Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control or abstinence) prior to study entry and for six months following duration of study participation; should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating on the trial, she should inform her treating physician immediately
- Bone marrow and peripheral blood studies must be available for confirmation of diagnosis; cytogenetics, flow cytometry, and molecular studies (such as Flt-3 status) will be obtained as per standard practice
- Bone marrow aspirates/biopsies should be performed within 28 (+ 4 day window) days from registration to confirm disease remission status
- A pretreatment measured creatinine clearance (absolute value) of >= 60 mL/minute
- Patients must have a serum bilirubin =< 2.0 mg/dl
- Patients must have serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) =< 2.5 times the institutional upper limit of normal
- Ejection fraction measured by echocardiogram or multi gated acquisition scan (MUGA) > 50%
- Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) or forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) > 45% predicted
- Availability of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched (6/6) sibling donor or 8/8 matched unrelated donor; Donors with mismatch at HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and HLA-DR will be reviewed by matched unrelated donor (MUD) committee and allowed if their mismatch with the recipient does not require additional GVHD prophylaxis (other than tacrolimus and sirolimus), donors with mismatch at HLA-DQ or HLA-DPB are eligible; donor evaluation according to City of Hope (COH) standard operating procedure (SOP)
- Donor stem cell source can be either peripheral blood or bone marrow
- All patients must have a psychosocial evaluation prior to transplant as per COH SOP
- All subjects must have the ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent
- ALL or AML patients who received chemotherapy (induction or consolidation) can proceed to transplant once bone marrow cellularity is > 10 % with no evidence of leukemia
Who cannot join
- Patients who have received a prior autologous or allogeneic transplant are excluded
- Patients with significant hepatic dysfunction (not meeting liver function tests [LFT] eligibility criteria)
- Patients with MDS evolved into AML that is not in remission
- Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia
- Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms
- Patients with suspected or proven central nervous system (CNS) leukemia; (diagnostic lumbar puncture not required before enrollment)
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- Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active or poorly controlled infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, poorly controlled pulmonary disease or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
- Pregnant and lactating women are excluded from this study
- Patients who do not agree to practice effective forms of contraception
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients are excluded from this study
- Patients are excluded if they are hepatitis B surface antigen (sAg), hepatitis B (Hep B) core antibody (cAb), or hepatitis C (Hep C) positive. Patients with Hepatitis B cAB positive and Hepatitis B PCR negative are eligible if they started prophylactic treatment prior to registration to trial
- Patients who have received radiation therapy as part of their leukemia treatment may be ineligible and individual cases must be presented to the study principal investigator (PI) for determination of eligibility
- Any psychiatric, social or compliance issues that, in the treating physician's opinion, will interfere with completion of the transplant treatment and follow up
- Medical or psychiatric reasons which make the donor unlikely to tolerate or cooperate with filgrastim (G-CSF) therapy or leukapheresis or bone marrow harvest
- Known allergies to clofarabine, melphalan, sirolimus or tacrolimus
- Patients with other active malignancies (besides AML, ALL, MDS) requiring treatment or where there is concern of progression are ineligible for this study; however, patients with previously treated skin cancer, early stage cervical or prostate cancer may be eligible if there is no evidence of residual disease
- Cord blood as a donor source is not acceptable
- Subjects, who in the opinion of the investigator, may not be able to comply with the safety monitoring requirements of the study
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
City of Hope Medical Center
Duarte, California, 91010
About this study
Official title: Phase II Study of Clofarabine and High-Dose Melphalan Conditioning Prior to Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Myelodysplasia or Acute Leukemia in Remission
This phase II trial studies how well clofarabine and melphalan before a donor stem cell transplant works in treating patients with a decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of myelodysplasia or acute leukemia (disease is in remission), or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Giving chemotherapy, such as clofarabine and melphalan, before a donor stem cell transplant helps stop the growth of cancer cells. It may also stop the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. When the healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into a patient they may help the patient's bone marrow make stem cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Giving clofarabine and melphalan before transplant may help prevent the cancer from coming back after transplant, and they may cause fewer side effects than standard treatment.
Read the detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
- Following a patient safety lead-in, determine the anti-tumor activity of clofarabine given in combination with high-dose melphalan as assessed by 2-year progression-free survival (PFS).
II. Estimate overall survival (OS), cumulative incidence (CI) of relapse/progression and non-relapse mortality (NRM) at 100 days, 1 year and 2 years.
III. Summarize toxicities/complications by organ and severity, including acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), and infection.
OUTLINE:
CONDITIONING REGIMEN: Patients receive clofarabine intravenously (IV) over 2 hours on days -9 to -5 and melphalan IV over 30 minutes on day -4.
TRANSPLANT: Patients undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant on day 0.
GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Beginning on day -3, patients receive tacrolimus IV or orally (PO) and sirolimus PO once daily with taper per City of Hope standard operating procedure.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up once weekly for 60 days, at 100, and 180 days, at one year, and then yearly for up to 5 years.
- Conditions
- Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission, Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising From Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Remission, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Secondary Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
- Being tested
- clofarabine, melphalan, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, tacrolimus, sirolimus
- Medical subject headings
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
clofarabineDrug
Also called CAFdA, Clofarex, Clolar
Given IV
melphalanDrug
Also called Alkeran, CB-3025, L-PAM, L-phenylalanine mustard
Given IV
allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationProcedure or surgery
Undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant
tacrolimusDrug
Also called FK 506, Prograf
Given IV or PO
sirolimusDrug
Also called AY 22989, Rapamune, rapamycin, SLM
Given PO
Correlative studies
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (clofarabine, melphalan, transplant) | Experimental | CONDITIONING REGIMEN: Patients receive clofarabine IV over 2 hours on days -9 to -5 and melphalan IV over 30 minutes on day -4.
TRANSPLANT: Patients undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant on day 0.
GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Beginning on day -3, patients receive tacrolimus IV or PO and sirolimus PO once daily with taper per City of Hope standard operating procedure. Receives: Drug: clofarabine; Drug: melphalan; Procedure: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Drug: tacrolimus; Drug: sirolimus; Other: Pharmacological Study |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Progression-free Survival at 2 Years
Progression-free survival (PFS) is defined as time from start of protocol treatment to disease relapse/progression, death or last contact, whichever occurs first. Progression-free survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method; the 95% confidence interval was calculated using Greenwood's formula.
Measured: From start of protocol treatment to death due to any cause, disease relapse/progression, or last follow-up, whichever comes first, assessed up to 2 years.
Secondary outcomes (1)
Overall Survival at 2 Years
Overall survival (OS) is defined as time from start of protocol treatment to death from any cause. It was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method; the 95% confidence interval was calculated using Greenwood's formula.
Measured: From start of protocol treatment to death due to any cause, or last follow-up, whichever comes first, assessed up to 2 years.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted25 Jun 2013 (estimated)
- Study start10 Feb 2014
- Primary completion27 Dec 2019
- Study completion23 Aug 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Other trials for Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in RemissionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by City of Hope Medical CenterThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 72 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- City of Hope Medical Center
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Samer Khaled, Principal investigator, City of Hope Medical Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01885689
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 13130
- Other IDs
- NCI-2013-01193
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 21 Jun 2013
- Last updated
- 6 Nov 2026
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Nov 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Phase II Study of Clofarabine and High-Dose Melphalan Conditioning Prior to Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Myelodysplasia or Acute Leukemia in Remission
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01885689
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 13130
- Conditions
- Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission, Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising From Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Remission, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Secondary Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 72 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- City of Hope Medical CenterUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Study start
- 10 Feb 2014 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 27 Dec 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 23 Aug 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 25 Jun 2013 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 4 Apr 2023
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This phase II trial studies how well clofarabine and melphalan before a donor stem cell transplant works in treating patients with a decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of myelodysplasia or acute leukemia (disease is in remission), or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Giving chemotherapy, such as clofarabine and melphalan, before a donor stem cell transplant helps stop the growth of cancer cells. It may also stop the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. When the healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into a patient they may help the patient's bone marrow make stem cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Giving clofarabine and melphalan before transplant may help prevent the cancer from coming back after transplant, and they may cause fewer side effects than standard treatment.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
- Following a patient safety lead-in, determine the anti-tumor activity of clofarabine given in combination with high-dose melphalan as assessed by 2-year progression-free survival (PFS).
II. Estimate overall survival (OS), cumulative incidence (CI) of relapse/progression and non-relapse mortality (NRM) at 100 days, 1 year and 2 years.
III. Summarize toxicities/complications by organ and severity, including acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), and infection.
OUTLINE:
CONDITIONING REGIMEN: Patients receive clofarabine intravenously (IV) over 2 hours on days -9 to -5 and melphalan IV over 30 minutes on day -4.
TRANSPLANT: Patients undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant on day 0.
GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Beginning on day -3, patients receive tacrolimus IV or orally (PO) and sirolimus PO once daily with taper per City of Hope standard operating procedure.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up once weekly for 60 days, at 100, and 180 days, at one year, and then yearly for up to 5 years.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (clofarabine, melphalan, transplant) | Experimental | Drug: clofarabine, Drug: melphalan, Procedure: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Drug: tacrolimus, Drug: sirolimus, Other: Pharmacological StudyCONDITIONING REGIMEN: Patients receive clofarabine IV over 2 hours on days -9 to -5 and melphalan IV over 30 minutes on day -4. TRANSPLANT: Patients undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Beginning on day -3, patients receive tacrolimus IV or PO and sirolimus PO once daily with taper per City of Hope standard operating procedure. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (24 listed)
- Patients in 1st or 2nd remission with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), who are eligible for stem cell transplant. Remission defined as no circulating blasts, < 5% blasts in the bone marrow, normalization of previously detected cytogenetic abnormalities, no extramedullary disease
- High risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
- Patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) are allowed to be enrolled
- Patients with MDS that has evolved to AML must be in remission
- Patients must not be eligible for full ablative regimens by the attending physician
Key exclusion criteria (18 listed)
- Patients who have received a prior autologous or allogeneic transplant are excluded
- Patients with significant hepatic dysfunction (not meeting liver function tests [LFT] eligibility criteria)
- Patients with MDS evolved into AML that is not in remission
- Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia
- Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| clofarabineAlso: CAFdA, Clofarex, ClolarGiven IV | Drug | Treatment (clofarabine, melphalan, transplant) |
| melphalanAlso: Alkeran, CB-3025, L-PAM, L-phenylalanine mustardGiven IV | Drug | Treatment (clofarabine, melphalan, transplant) |
| allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationUndergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant | Procedure or surgery | Treatment (clofarabine, melphalan, transplant) |
| tacrolimusAlso: FK 506, PrografGiven IV or PO | Drug | Treatment (clofarabine, melphalan, transplant) |
| sirolimusAlso: AY 22989, Rapamune, rapamycin, SLMGiven PO | Drug | Treatment (clofarabine, melphalan, transplant) |
| Pharmacological StudyCorrelative studies | Other | Treatment (clofarabine, melphalan, transplant) |
Primary outcome
Progression-free Survival at 2 Years
Time frame: From start of protocol treatment to death due to any cause, disease relapse/progression, or last follow-up, whichever comes first, assessed up to 2 years.
Progression-free survival (PFS) is defined as time from start of protocol treatment to disease relapse/progression, death or last contact, whichever occurs first. Progression-free survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method; the 95% confidence interval was calculated using Greenwood's formula.
1 secondary outcome
Overall Survival at 2 Years
Time frame: From start of protocol treatment to death due to any cause, or last follow-up, whichever comes first, assessed up to 2 years.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Nov 2026.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Samer Khaled principal investigator
City of Hope Medical Center
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing clofarabine, melphalan and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in people with Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission and Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising From Previous Myelodysplastic Syndrome, run by City of Hope Medical Center at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 24 inclusion and 18 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 4 Apr 2023). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Progression-free Survival at 2 Years (time frame: From start of protocol treatment to death due to any cause, disease relapse/progression, or last follow-up, whichever comes first, assessed up to 2 years.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Nov 2026.