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Peripheral Arterial DiseaseSWEDEPADNCT02051088

Swedish Drug-elution Trial in Peripheral Arterial Disease

A study testing Revascularization with drug-eluting technology, Revascularization without drug-eluting technology and drug-coated balloons and/or drug-eluting stents in people with Peripheral Arterial Disease and Critical Limb Ischemia, run by Sahlgrenska University Hospital at 1 site in Sweden.

Active, not recruiting

Under way, not looking for participants. Everyone needed has enrolled. The study is still running.

Official record
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Trial summary

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) causes reduced blood flow to the lower limb(s) due to stenosis or occlusion in the supplying arteries. Symptoms of PAD range from ischemic rest pain and/or ischemic ulcers/gangrene (critical limb ischemia), putting the extremity at risk of amputation, to exercise-induced pain… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
What is being tested?
Revascularization with drug-eluting technology, Revascularization without drug-eluting technology and drug-coated balloons and/or drug-eluting stents
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
3,556 participants
Where
1 siteSweden
Study dates
Nov 2014to 31 Dec 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • All adults > 18 years old willing to be randomized
  • Symptomatic PAD (critical limb ischemia or intermittent claudication) caused by >50% stenosis or occlusion of infrainguinal arteries and eligible for endovascular treatment according to established indications

Who cannot join

  • Acute thromboembolic disease in the leg
  • Infrainguinal aneurysmal disease
  • Previous participation in the study or in other randomised interventional study of infrainguinal lesions
  • Patients without a Swedish personal identification number

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Sweden1 site
  • Sahlgrenska University Hospital

    Gothenburg, 41345

Other trials in Sweden

About this study

Official title: Swedish Drug-elution Trial in Peripheral Arterial Disease - a Multicenter, Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Based on the Swedish Vascular Registry (SWEDVASC) Platform

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) causes reduced blood flow to the lower limb(s) due to stenosis or occlusion in the supplying arteries. Symptoms of PAD range from ischemic rest pain and/or ischemic ulcers/gangrene (critical limb ischemia), putting the extremity at risk of amputation, to exercise-induced pain (intermittent claudication), limiting the patients daily activities. Invasive treatments are often indicated to prevent amputations and to alleviate symptoms. More than two thirds of these procedures are presently performed with endovascular techniques (i.e. percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, PTA with or without stent implantation).

In coronary artery disease, stents eluting anti-proliferative drugs (drug eluting stents, DES) reduce restenosis and improve clinical results for the majority of patients. Drug eluting balloons (DEB) are a promising alternative, but there is still little evidence that DES or DEB technology improve clinical outcome in PAD. However, promising results utilizing these new technologies in PAD have been reported in a few studies.

In this trial, we test the hypothesis that drug eluting (DE) technology is superior to conventional endovascular treatment (no-DE) in terms of important clinical outcomes, when applied on infrainguinal (femoropopliteal and/or infrapopliteal) obstructive vascular lesions. The trial consists of 2 separate parallel studies, SWEDEPAD 1 and SWEDEPAD 2, each defined by the severity of peripheral arterial disease. Patients with critical limb ischemia are allocated to SWEDEPAD 1 and patients with intermittent claudication are allocated to SWEDEPAD 2.

Being tested
Revascularization with drug-eluting technology, Revascularization without drug-eluting technology, drug-coated balloons and/or drug-eluting stents
Keywords
Critical limb ischemia, Intermittent claudication, endovascular treatment, drug-elution
Medical subject headings
Peripheral Arterial Disease, Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia, Intermittent Claudication

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Revascularization with drug-eluting technologyProcedure or surgery

    Endovascular intervention with the use of drug-eluting devices (drug-coated balloons and/or drug-eluting stents).

  • Revascularization without drug-eluting technologyProcedure or surgery

    Endovascular intervention without using drug-eluting balloons or stents

  • drug-coated balloons and/or drug-eluting stentsDevice

Study groups in NCT02051088
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Revascularization with drug eluting technologyExperimentalRevascularization with drug eluting technology
Receives: Procedure: Revascularization with drug-eluting technology; Device: drug-coated balloons and/or drug-eluting stents
Revascularization without drug elutionActive comparatorRevascularization without drug elution technology
Receives: Procedure: Revascularization without drug-eluting technology

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Amputation rate (SWEDEPAD 1)

    Primary endpoint for patients with critical limb ischemia (SWEDEPAD 1) is amputation rate during follow-up, analysed when all patients have been followed for at least one year.

    Measured: Assessed when all patients have been followed for at least one year

  2. Health-related quality of life (SWEDEPAD 2)

    Primary endpoint for patients with intermittent claudication (SWEDEPAD 2) is health-related quality of life after one year, assessed with VascuQol-6, a disease-specific health related quality of life instrument in PAD.

    Measured: Assessed one year after randomization

Secondary outcomes (9)
  1. Amputation-free survival

    Measured: Assessed when all participants have been followed for at least one, three and five years.

  2. Survival

    Measured: Assessed when all participants have been followed for at least one, three and five years.

  3. Target lesion revascularization (TLR)

    Need for re-intervention during follow-up

    Measured: Assessed one year after the intervention and when all participants have been followed for one, three and five years.

  4. Time to target lesion revascularization

    Measured: Assessed one year after the intervention and when all participants have been followed for one, three and five years.

  5. Patency

    Patency, defined as freedom from binary restenosis, a reduction in lumen diameter ≥50% in patients assessed with duplex ultrasound after one month and after one year (only certain centres).

    Measured: Assessed after 1 month and 1 year

  6. Improvement in clinical symptoms, assessed with the Rutherford classification

    Particularly changes from Rutherford categories 4, 5 and 6 to lower categories will analysed (SWEDEPAD 1)

    Particularly changes from Rutherford categories 2 and 3 to other categories will analysed (SWEDEPAD 2)

    Measured: Assessed after one month and one year

  7. Health-related quality of life (SWEDEPAD 1)

    Health-related quality of life, assessed with the disease-specific instrument VascuQoL-6

    Measured: Assessed after one year following randomisation

  8. Amputation rate (SWEDEPAD 2)

    Measured: Assessed one year after the intervention and when all participants have been followed for one, three and five years

  9. Health-economic assessment

    Assessment of cost-effectiveness and clinical utility (only certain centres).

    Measured: Assessed one year after the intervention and when all participants have been followed for one, three and five years

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted31 Jan 2014 (estimated)
  2. Study startNov 2014
  3. Primary completion30 Apr 2025
  4. Study completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Participant
Enrolment
3,556 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT02051088
Sponsor's protocol ID
SWEDEPAD
Acronym
SWEDEPAD
Status last verified
Jul 2025
First submitted
27 Jan 2014
Last updated
3 Aug 2025
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes

Publications

  • Sellgren F, Falkenberg M, Andersson M, Andersson M, Le Corvec T, Delle M, Engstrom J, Fransson T, Hilbertson A, Horer TM, Jacobsson E, James S, Kragsterman B, Lindback J, Lindgren H, Mellander S, Olin R, Sigvant B, Skoog P, Smedberg C, Starck J, Tegler G, Thorbjornsen K, Truedson M, Tornqvist P, Wahlgren CM, Wallinder J, Ojersjo A, Nordanstig J. Paclitaxel-Coated Devices in Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia and Tissue Loss Undergoing Infrainguinal Endovascular Revascularization: Insights From the SWEDEPAD-1 Trial. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2026 Sep 24:e016977. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.126.016977. Online ahead of print.

    PubMed 42779544
  • Ma GW, Bernatchez J, Yarranton B, Dueck AD, Rajan DK, Forbes TL, de Mestral C, Kayssi A. Drug-eluting balloon angioplasty versus uncoated balloon angioplasty for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limbs. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2026 Aug 10;8:CD011319. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011319.pub3.

    PubMed 42573020
  • Le Corvec T, Falkenberg M, Gillgren P, James S, Lindback J, Lindgren H, Sellgren F, Skoog P, Wahlgren CM, Nordanstig J; SWEDEPAD Steering Committee. Impact of Paclitaxel Coated Devices on Limb Salvage and Target Vessel Revascularisation Rates following Isolated Femoropopliteal or Infrapopliteal Endovascular Revascularisation for Chronic Limb Threatening Ischaemia: Insights from the SWEDEPAD 1 Trial. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2026 Jul 15:S1078-5884(26)00701-X. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2026.07.023. Online ahead of print.

    PubMed 42456888
  • Falkenberg M, James S, Andersson M, Andersson M, Delle M, Engstrom J, Fransson T, Gillgren P, Hilbertson A, Horer TM, Jacobsson E, Kragsterman B, Lindback J, Lindgren H, Ludwigs K, Mellander S, Nelzen O, Olin R, Sigvant B, Skoog P, Starck J, Tegler G, Thorbjornsen K, Truedson M, Wahlgren CM, Wallinder J, Ojersjo A, Nordanstig J; SWEDEPAD trial investigators. Paclitaxel-coated versus uncoated devices for infrainguinal endovascular revascularisation in chronic limb-threatening ischaemia (SWEDEPAD 1): a multicentre, participant-masked, registry-based, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2025 Sep 13;406(10508):1103-1114. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01585-5. Epub 2025 Aug 31.

    PubMed 40902617
  • Nordanstig J, James S, Andersson M, Andersson M, Delle M, Engstrom J, Fransson T, Gillgren P, Hilbertson A, Horer TM, Jacobsson E, Kragsterman B, Lindback J, Lindgren H, Ludwigs K, Mellander S, Nelzen O, Olin R, Sigvant B, Skoog P, Starck J, Tegler G, Thorbjornsen K, Truedson M, Wahlgren CM, Wallinder J, Ojersjo A, Falkenberg M; SWEDEPAD trial investigators. Paclitaxel-coated versus uncoated devices for infrainguinal endovascular revascularisation in patients with intermittent claudication (SWEDEPAD 2): a multicentre, participant-masked, registry-based, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2025 Sep 13;406(10508):1115-1127. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01584-3. Epub 2025 Aug 31.

    PubMed 40902614
  • Nordanstig J, James S, Andersson M, Andersson M, Danielsson P, Gillgren P, Delle M, Engstrom J, Fransson T, Hamoud M, Hilbertson A, Johansson P, Karlsson L, Kragsterman B, Lindgren H, Ludwigs K, Mellander S, Nyman N, Renlund H, Sigvant B, Skoog P, Starck J, Tegler G, Toivola A, Truedson M, Wahlgren CM, Wallinder J, Ojersjo A, Falkenberg M. Mortality with Paclitaxel-Coated Devices in Peripheral Artery Disease. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 24;383(26):2538-2546. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2005206. Epub 2020 Dec 9.

    PubMed 33296560

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Revascularization with drug-eluting technology, Revascularization without drug-eluting technology and drug-coated balloons and/or drug-eluting stents in people with Peripheral Arterial Disease and Critical Limb Ischemia, run by Sahlgrenska University Hospital at 1 site in Sweden.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Aug 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Sweden. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Amputation rate (SWEDEPAD 1) (time frame: Assessed when all patients have been followed for at least one year). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02051088, which also lists 6 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Aug 2025.

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