DepressionNCT02057042
Veteran Peer-Assisted Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression
A study testing Peer-assisted computerized CBT in people with Depression, run by VA Office of Research and Development at 3 sites in United States.
Trial summary
The investigators will conduct a randomized clinical trial of Peer-Supported cCBT versus enhanced usual care (EUC) for 330 patients with new episodes of depression in primary care at three VA sites and their associated Community-Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Depression
- What is being tested?
- Peer-assisted computerized CBT
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 330 participants
- Where
- 3 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2015to 30 Sep 2018
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients will be eligible for the study if they:
- have new episodes of depression in primary care, defined as those with a new diagnoses of depression and no prior depression diagnoses or antidepressant fills within 120 days of the index date of their depression diagnosis any of three VA study sites or associated CBOCs. Patients must enroll within 90 days of their diagnosis.
- have a current Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 score > 10.
- are not receiving mental health care outside of VHA.
- have broadband internet access at home or confirm willingness, ability, and a plan to go to their VA facility to complete cCBT modules.
- have familiarity with email and internet use.
- have stable access to and ability to communicate by telephone.
Who cannot join
- a diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD) with psychotic features, or Bipolar I in the past 24 months.
- a positive screen for moderate or severe substance use (AUDIT-C >7).
- an immediate risk of suicide, requiring hospitalization or urgent evaluation (as evidenced by suicidal plan or intent).
- participating in other research studies.
- diagnosis of depression in the past 4 months from a non-VA provider
Trial locations and contacts
3 sites in 1 country.
United States3 sites
VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48105
Battle Creek VA Medical Center, Battle Creek, MI
Battle Creek, Michigan, 49037
John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI
Detroit, Michigan, 48201
About this study
The investigators will conduct a randomized clinical trial of Peer-Supported cCBT versus enhanced usual care (EUC) for 330 patients with new episodes of depression in primary care at three VA sites and their associated Community-Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs).
Read the detailed description
Background:
Antidepressant medications and evidence-based psychotherapies are effective treatments for depression. However, antidepressant medication adherence continues to be suboptimal and offering access to and retaining patients in evidence-based psychotherapies for depression is challenging. The VHA has made major efforts to expand access to and capacity for depression focused evidence-based psychotherapies. However in 2012, only 35% of VA patients with depression completed any psychotherapy visit and only 6% completed 8 psychotherapy visits in 14 weeks, a proxy for an adequate trial.
Initiation and engagement in depression treatment may be increased if patients are offered timely access to a highly flexible, evidence-based treatment options, such as a tailored, web-based computerized cognitive-behavioral therapy (cCBT) program. cCBT has sufficient evidence for effectiveness to be a covered benefit in United Kingdom National Health Service, but has much larger effects when it is supported by clinicians or other trusted individuals. VA peer specialists, an increasing workforce in VHA mental health, are ideal candidates to support patients' engagement in depression treatment and in cCBT. Peers have been shown to promote use of Internet self-management tools, and peer specialist support for cCBT may enhance its completion and overall effectiveness through regular "check ins" and also through providing peer specific experiences, such as sharing of lived experiences and modeling of self management and recovery.
Objectives:
We are conducting a Hybrid Type I RCT of Peer-Supported cCBT versus enhanced usual care (EUC) for 330 patients with new episodes of depression in primary care at three VA sites and their associated CBOCs. Our specific aims are to compare PS-cCBT versus enhanced usual care (EUC) on: a) patient symptomatic, functional, and recovery-oriented outcomes, b) depression coping skills, antidepressant medication adherence, and initiation and completion of more intensive traditional psychotherapy (contingent on symptom level). Our secondary aims are to assess patient, peer, and providers' experiences in PS-cCBT versus EUC using mixed methods. Finally, our exploratory aim is to assess potential mediators of improvements in depressive symptoms or functional status.
Methods:
This is a Hybrid I randomized controlled trial (RCT) of peer-supported cCBT compared to enhanced usual care (EUC) among Veterans with new diagnoses of depression in primary care. The cCBT program consists of 8 modules and will be supported by VA peer specialists with weekly contact for 12 weeks. We will assess patient symptomatic, functional and recovery-oriented outcomes at 12 and 24 week following randomization. We will also assess potential mediators of these outcomes. Bivariate and multivariate study analyses will assess the impact of the two study arms at each assessment point and over time.
Status:
Study is currently ongoing, study recruitment and follow-up is active.
- Conditions
- Depression
- Being tested
- Peer-assisted computerized CBT, Enhanced usual care
- Keywords
- Peer Support, cCBT, primary care
- Medical subject headings
- Depression
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Peer-assisted computerized CBTBehavioural
Patients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues
Enhanced usual careBehavioural
Patients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| PS-cCBT | Experimental | peer-assisted computerized CBT Receives: Behavioral: Peer-assisted computerized CBT |
| EUC | Active comparator | Enhanced usual care Receives: Behavioral: Enhanced usual care |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Functional Status
Functional status will be measured using the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12). Developed from VR-36, VR-12 includes 12 original question items from the VR-36. The questions in this survey correspond to seven different health domains inlcuding general health perceptions, physical functioning, role limitations due to physical and emotional problems, bodily pain, energy/fatigue levels, social functioning and mental health. Answers are summarized into a Physical Component Score (PCS) and a Mental Component Score (MCS) which allows for a comparison between the respondents physical and psychological health status.The VR-12 has somewhat greater precision at the lower end of the health status continuum than the SF-12. The VR-12 has been used in numerous prior VA focused studies. VR-12 MCS component scores are standardized to a mean of 50, with higher scores indicating better mental health and related functioning.
Measured: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Depression Symptoms
Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (IDS) at baseline, 3 months post intervention and 6 months post intervention. The ISD is a 16-item self-report instrument for measuring the severity of depression among individuals. Each item is rated on a four-point scale (0-3), and aggregate scores range from 0 to 27. The IDS has been widely used and shows acceptable reliability, with Cronbach's of 0.86. Severity of depression is scored according to the following ranges: 1-5 (no depression), 6-10 (mild), 11-15 (moderate), 16-20 (severe), and 21-27 (very severe).
Measured: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Recovery Orientation
Recovery orientation will be measured using the Recovery Assessment Scale - Short Form (RAS-SF). This 20-item scale is a shorter version of the RAS and has four factors: personal confidence and hope, willingness to ask for help, reliance on others, and no domination by symptoms. The RAS-SF shows evidence for both convergent and discriminate validity when compared to quality of life, social support, and symptomatic scales. The scale is scored by summing all items (or scale items), with 100 being the highest possible overall score. Higher scores indicate greater sense of recovery.
Measured: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction
The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) is a valid proxy for the longer Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction (Q-LES) form and will be used to assess quality of life. It consists of 14 items that patients rate on a 5-point scale to indicate their satisfaction with a variety of life domains, including physical health, mood, work, household activities, social relationships, etc. The Q-LES-Q-SF has been shown to have high levels of reliability and has been used in numerous studies of depression, including the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) funded STAR*D study. Responses are scored on a 5-point scale, where higher scores indicate better enjoyment and satisfaction with life (possible range 14-70).
Measured: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Secondary outcomes (2)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Skills
CBT skills will be assessed using the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Skills Questionnaire (CBTSQ). The CBTSQ is a 16-item scale consisting of two factors, Behavioral Activation and Cognitive Restructuring. The scale shows construct validity, appears sensitive to change among patients undergoing CBT treatment, and predicts reduction in depressive symptoms. Scores are summed with a maximum score of 80. Higher scores indicate greater uptake of CBT skills.
Measured: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Anxiety
Generalized Anxiety will be measured with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7). Total score ranges from 0 to 21, with "cut scores" for mild, moderate and severe anxiety. Although originally developed for generalized anxiety disorder symptoms, the GAD-7 has good operating characteristics for detection and severity ratings of panic disorder and social anxiety disorder. Scores are summed with a range of 0-21. Scores represent: 0-5 mild, 6-10 moderate, 11-15 moderate/severe, and 15-21 severe anxiety.
Measured: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Feb 2014 (estimated)
- Study start1 Jun 2015
- Primary completion30 Sep 2018
- Study completion30 Sep 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for DepressionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by VA Office of Research and DevelopmentThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 330 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- VA Office of Research and Development
- Sponsor type
- US federal agency
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Paul N Pfeiffer, MD MS, Principal investigator, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02057042
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IIR 13-310
- Status last verified
- Sep 2019
- First submitted
- 7 Jan 2014
- Last updated
- 11 Oct 2019
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Abraham KM, Nelson CB, Ganoczy D, Zivin K, Brandfon S, Walters H, Cohen JL, Valenstein M. Psychometric analysis of the Mental Health Recovery Measure in a sample of veterans with depression. Psychol Serv. 2016 May;13(2):193-201. doi: 10.1037/ser0000067.
PubMed 27148954Barry CN, Abraham KM, Weaver KR, Bowersox NW. Innovating team-based outpatient mental health care in the Veterans Health Administration: Staff-perceived benefits and challenges to pilot implementation of the Behavioral Health Interdisciplinary Program (BHIP). Psychol Serv. 2016 May;13(2):148-155. doi: 10.1037/ser0000072.
PubMed 27148949Pfeiffer PN, Pope B, Houck M, Benn-Burton W, Zivin K, Ganoczy D, Kim HM, Walters H, Emerson L, Nelson CB, Abraham KM, Valenstein M. Effectiveness of Peer-Supported Computer-Based CBT for Depression Among Veterans in Primary Care. Psychiatr Serv. 2020 Mar 1;71(3):256-262. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201900283. Epub 2020 Jan 14.
PubMed 31931686
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Oct 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Veteran Peer-Assisted Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02057042
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IIR 13-310
- Conditions
- Depression
- Keywords
- Peer Support, cCBT, primary care
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 330 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- VA Office of Research and DevelopmentUS federal agency
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2015 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Sep 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Sep 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Feb 2014 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 11 Oct 2019
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The investigators will conduct a randomized clinical trial of Peer-Supported cCBT versus enhanced usual care (EUC) for 330 patients with new episodes of depression in primary care at three VA sites and their associated Community-Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs).
Detailed description
Background:
Antidepressant medications and evidence-based psychotherapies are effective treatments for depression. However, antidepressant medication adherence continues to be suboptimal and offering access to and retaining patients in evidence-based psychotherapies for depression is challenging. The VHA has made major efforts to expand access to and capacity for depression focused evidence-based psychotherapies. However in 2012, only 35% of VA patients with depression completed any psychotherapy visit and only 6% completed 8 psychotherapy visits in 14 weeks, a proxy for an adequate trial.
Initiation and engagement in depression treatment may be increased if patients are offered timely access to a highly flexible, evidence-based treatment options, such as a tailored, web-based computerized cognitive-behavioral therapy (cCBT) program. cCBT has sufficient evidence for effectiveness to be a covered benefit in United Kingdom National Health Service, but has much larger effects when it is supported by clinicians or other trusted individuals. VA peer specialists, an increasing workforce in VHA mental health, are ideal candidates to support patients' engagement in depression treatment and in cCBT. Peers have been shown to promote use of Internet self-management tools, and peer specialist support for cCBT may enhance its completion and overall effectiveness through regular "check ins" and also through providing peer specific experiences, such as sharing of lived experiences and modeling of self management and recovery.
Objectives:
We are conducting a Hybrid Type I RCT of Peer-Supported cCBT versus enhanced usual care (EUC) for 330 patients with new episodes of depression in primary care at three VA sites and their associated CBOCs. Our specific aims are to compare PS-cCBT versus enhanced usual care (EUC) on: a) patient symptomatic, functional, and recovery-oriented outcomes, b) depression coping skills, antidepressant medication adherence, and initiation and completion of more intensive traditional psychotherapy (contingent on symptom level). Our secondary aims are to assess patient, peer, and providers' experiences in PS-cCBT versus EUC using mixed methods. Finally, our exploratory aim is to assess potential mediators of improvements in depressive symptoms or functional status.
Methods:
This is a Hybrid I randomized controlled trial (RCT) of peer-supported cCBT compared to enhanced usual care (EUC) among Veterans with new diagnoses of depression in primary care. The cCBT program consists of 8 modules and will be supported by VA peer specialists with weekly contact for 12 weeks. We will assess patient symptomatic, functional and recovery-oriented outcomes at 12 and 24 week following randomization. We will also assess potential mediators of these outcomes. Bivariate and multivariate study analyses will assess the impact of the two study arms at each assessment point and over time.
Status:
Study is currently ongoing, study recruitment and follow-up is active.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| PS-cCBT | Experimental | Behavioral: Peer-assisted computerized CBTpeer-assisted computerized CBT |
| EUC | Active comparator | Behavioral: Enhanced usual careEnhanced usual care |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- have new episodes of depression in primary care, defined as those with a new diagnoses of depression and no prior depression diagnoses or antidepressant fills within 120 days of the index date of their depression diagnosis any of three VA study sites or associated CBOCs. Patients must enroll within 90 days of their diagnosis.
- have a current Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 score > 10.
- are not receiving mental health care outside of VHA.
- have broadband internet access at home or confirm willingness, ability, and a plan to go to their VA facility to complete cCBT modules.
- have familiarity with email and internet use.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- a diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD) with psychotic features, or Bipolar I in the past 24 months.
- a positive screen for moderate or severe substance use (AUDIT-C >7).
- an immediate risk of suicide, requiring hospitalization or urgent evaluation (as evidenced by suicidal plan or intent).
- participating in other research studies.
- diagnosis of depression in the past 4 months from a non-VA provider
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Peer-assisted computerized CBTPatients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues | Behavioural | PS-cCBT |
| Enhanced usual carePatients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips. | Behavioural | EUC |
Primary outcome
Functional Status
Time frame: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Functional status will be measured using the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12). Developed from VR-36, VR-12 includes 12 original question items from the VR-36. The questions in this survey correspond to seven different health domains inlcuding general health perceptions, physical functioning, role limitations due to physical and emotional problems, bodily pain, energy/fatigue levels, social functioning and mental health. Answers are summarized into a Physical Component Score (PCS) and a Mental Component Score (MCS) which allows for a comparison between the respondents physical and psychological health status.The VR-12 has somewhat greater precision at the lower end of the health status continuum than the SF-12. The VR-12 has been used in numerous prior VA focused studies. VR-12 MCS component scores are standardized to a mean of 50, with higher scores indicating better mental health and related functioning.
Depression Symptoms
Time frame: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (IDS) at baseline, 3 months post intervention and 6 months post intervention. The ISD is a 16-item self-report instrument for measuring the severity of depression among individuals. Each item is rated on a four-point scale (0-3), and aggregate scores range from 0 to 27. The IDS has been widely used and shows acceptable reliability, with Cronbach's of 0.86. Severity of depression is scored according to the following ranges: 1-5 (no depression), 6-10 (mild), 11-15 (moderate), 16-20 (severe), and 21-27 (very severe).
Recovery Orientation
Time frame: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Recovery orientation will be measured using the Recovery Assessment Scale - Short Form (RAS-SF). This 20-item scale is a shorter version of the RAS and has four factors: personal confidence and hope, willingness to ask for help, reliance on others, and no domination by symptoms. The RAS-SF shows evidence for both convergent and discriminate validity when compared to quality of life, social support, and symptomatic scales. The scale is scored by summing all items (or scale items), with 100 being the highest possible overall score. Higher scores indicate greater sense of recovery.
Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction
Time frame: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) is a valid proxy for the longer Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction (Q-LES) form and will be used to assess quality of life. It consists of 14 items that patients rate on a 5-point scale to indicate their satisfaction with a variety of life domains, including physical health, mood, work, household activities, social relationships, etc. The Q-LES-Q-SF has been shown to have high levels of reliability and has been used in numerous studies of depression, including the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) funded STAR*D study. Responses are scored on a 5-point scale, where higher scores indicate better enjoyment and satisfaction with life (possible range 14-70).
2 secondary outcomes
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Skills
Time frame: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Anxiety
Time frame: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Oct 2019.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 27148954Abraham KM, Nelson CB, Ganoczy D, Zivin K, Brandfon S, Walters H, Cohen JL, Valenstein M. Psychometric analysis of the Mental Health Recovery Measure in a sample of veterans with depression. Psychol Serv. 2016 May;13(2):193-201. doi: 10.1037/ser0000067.
- Results publication: PubMed 27148949Barry CN, Abraham KM, Weaver KR, Bowersox NW. Innovating team-based outpatient mental health care in the Veterans Health Administration: Staff-perceived benefits and challenges to pilot implementation of the Behavioral Health Interdisciplinary Program (BHIP). Psychol Serv. 2016 May;13(2):148-155. doi: 10.1037/ser0000072.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 31931686Pfeiffer PN, Pope B, Houck M, Benn-Burton W, Zivin K, Ganoczy D, Kim HM, Walters H, Emerson L, Nelson CB, Abraham KM, Valenstein M. Effectiveness of Peer-Supported Computer-Based CBT for Depression Among Veterans in Primary Care. Psychiatr Serv. 2020 Mar 1;71(3):256-262. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201900283. Epub 2020 Jan 14.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Paul N Pfeiffer, MD MS principal investigator
VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI
3 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Peer-assisted computerized CBT in people with Depression, run by VA Office of Research and Development at 3 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Oct 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 3 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 11 Oct 2019). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Functional Status (time frame: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02057042, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Oct 2019.