Cortical DysplasiaEDIBLENCT02261753
Evaluating Dietary Intervention Before surgicaL Treatment for Epilepsy
A study testing Classical ketogenic diet in people with Cortical Dysplasia, run by University College, London at 15 sites in 8 countries.
Trial summary
The investigators are undertaking the first European Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) for epilepsy surgery in children with FCD type II, to prospectively evaluate the role of the KD prior to surgery in improving seizure outcome. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 3 to 15 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Cortical Dysplasia
- What is being tested?
- Classical ketogenic diet
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 3 participants
- Where
- 15 sitesin 8 countries
- Study dates
- Oct 2014to 26 Jul 2017
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 3 to 15 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Children aged 3 - 15 years;
- MRI changes consistent with a diagnosis of FCD type II a or b;
- History of at least two epileptic seizures in the past 6 months before randomisation;
- Seizure semiology consistent with focal onset, agreed after pre-surgical discussion to be surgically treatable;
- Parent/ legal representative willing to give consent.
Who cannot join
- Previous use of the KD;
- Not a surgical candidate for FCD resection;
- Administration of the KD is medically contraindicated.
Trial locations and contacts
15 sites in 8 countries.
15 sites in 8 countries
United Kingdom5 sites
Birmingham Childrens Hospital
Birmingham, B4 6NH
Bristol Childrens Hospital
Bristol, BS2 8AE
Royal Hospital for Sick Children
Edinburgh, EH9 1LF
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust
London, WC1N 3JH
Manchester Childrens Hospital
Manchester, M27 4HA
France2 sites
Hospices Civil De Lyon
Lyon, 69500
Hopital de Hautepierre
Strasbourg, 67098
Germany2 sites
Krakenhaus Mara Maraweg
Bielefeld, 33617
Schpn Klinik Vogtareuth
Vogtareuth, 83569
Italy2 sites
Childrens Hospital Meyer
Florence, 50139
Ospedale Pediatric Bambino Gesu
Rome, 00165
About this study
Official title: A Randomised Controlled Trial to Compare Seizure Remission Outcome Following Resective Surgery With or Without Prior Treatment With Ketogenic Diet in Children With Epilepsy the Result of Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type II
The investigators are undertaking the first European Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) for epilepsy surgery in children with FCD type II, to prospectively evaluate the role of the KD prior to surgery in improving seizure outcome. The investigators will evaluate the role of KD as a disease-modifying treatment to achieve seizure control and improve neurodevelopment and quality of life. Children age 3 - 15 years with pharmacoresistant epilepsy believed to be the result of focal cortical dysplasia type II, considered to be surgically treatable, will be randomised to either receive 6m treatment presurgery with a ketogenic diet, or to proceed direct to surgery (no pretreatment). Primary outcome will be the time to achieve a period of 6 months of seizure freedom from the date of randomisation. Tissue resected at surgery will also be evaluated with regard to the degree of any methylation of DNA.
Read the detailed description
Epilepsy surgery is now an accepted and effective management for individuals with drug resistant focal onset epilepsy in carefully selected candidates. This aside, only two RCTs have been performed in adults in temporal lobe epilepsy [1,2], and none in children . Malformations of cortical development are the most common pathology responsible for drug resistant focal epilepsy in childhood [3}. In retrospective studies, successful surgical resection resulting in seizure freedom in malformations of cortical development has been reported in 42-87% of cases [4], dependent on the series reviewed and the completeness of resection. Outcome is related to extent and completeness of resection, but the extent of tissue to be removed remains a challenge, especially in very young patients, where the limits of a lesion may be unclear and eloquent cortex may be involved.
FCD is one specific type of malformation, of localised areas of abnormal cortex that may be subdivided into I, II and III dependent on the pattern determined and cell types involved. This is by definition a histological diagnosis as was recently classified by the International League Against Epilepsy [5]. Specifically FCD type II can usually be suggested by characteristic changes on an MRI scan. These changes include increased cortical thickness, blurring of the cortical-white matter junction, increased signal on T2-weighted images, a radially oriented linear or conical transmantle strip of T2 hyperintensity, cortical thinning and localized brain atrophy. FCD type II may be subdivided histopathologically into IIa and IIb but it can be difficult to distinguish between the two radiologically.
The KD is a high fat diet with a proven efficacy in the treatment of drug resistant epilepsy in children [6]. An RCT performed in children aged 2-16 years diagnosed with drug resistant epilepsy utilising either a classical or medium chain triglyceride KD, demonstrated >50% reduction in seizures in 38% of participants after 3 months compared to 6% where there was no change in standard treatment, with no difference seen between the two diets [7,8]. A further RCT utilising a more relaxed approach of the KD, the modified Atkins diet, demonstrated similar results [9]. One open label study suggested particular efficacy in children with epilepsy due to FCD [10].
Clinical trials of epigenetic pharmacological treatment are promising and already have been approved for cancer [11]. Intriguingly, the most commonly used AED is valproic acid (VPA), in which histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor activity was discovered in 2001 [12]. The HDAC antagonizing effect of VPA is, however, considerably low compared to second generation HDAC inhibitors suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, Zolinza, Vorinostat), LBH598 or Romidepsin [11]. Unfortunately, all HDAC inhibitors bear the risk of severe side effects when systemically administered during pregnancy. Nevertheless, there is also evidence that the epigenetic machinery can be modified by nutrition and dietary concepts [13]; such a dietary concept is the KD. Stimulus-induced DNA methylation changes have been identified in postnatal brain [14], thus it can be anticipated that DNA methylation modifications contribute to the molecular memory of postmitotic neurons also in the epileptogenic network. We propose that therapies such as the KD that are directly or indirectly targeting the epigenetic machinery could be helpful to prevent, delay or retard drug-resistant epilepsy.
Recent experimental data in an animal model has shown that the classical KD attenuates epigenetic chromatin modifications (i.e. DNA methylation), a master regulator for gene expression and functional adaptation of the cell, thereby modifying disease progression [15]. This hypothesis suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role in epileptogenesis and that seizures can by themselves induce epigenetic chromatin modifications, aggravating the epileptogenic condition [15].
We will conduct the first RCT for epilepsy surgery in children with FCD type II, to prospectively evaluate the role of the KD prior to surgery.
120 children aged 3 - 15 years with a diagnosis of Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) type II a or b (with consistent MRI changes), treatment failure of at least two anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) in controlling continuing seizures, with seizure semiology consistent with focal onset agreed to be surgically treatable through FCD resection and continuing seizures for less than 5 years, will be included in the trial after parental/ legal representative consent. Children will be excluded if they have a history of less than two seizures in 6 months prior to randomisation or they have previously used the Ketogenic diet (KD) or administration of the KD is medically contraindicated. Patients will be recruited from 19 participating European sites in 8 countries undertaking ketogenic diet and epilepsy surgery in children.
Participants will be followed-up for minimum 24 months/maximum 48 months (depending on the timing of randomisation) after randomisation. Primary outcome will be time to 6 month remission (i.e. the time to achieve a period of 6 months of seizure freedom from the date of randomisation). Tissue removed at surgery will be assessed for DNA methylation.
- Conditions
- Cortical Dysplasia
- Being tested
- Classical ketogenic diet
- Keywords
- epilepsy surgery, outcome, ketogenic diet, ortical dysplasia
- Medical subject headings
- Malformations of Cortical Development
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Classical ketogenic dietDietary supplement
A high fat low carbohydrate, low protein diet.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| A: Classical ketogenic diet | Active comparator | The KD is a high fat, low carbohydrate, low protein diet designed to mimic the effects of fasting on the body. It will be administered by calculation as per local standardised classical KD protocol with utilisation of long chain fat in a ratio of 2:1 to 4:1 carbohydrate and protein. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Classical ketogenic diet |
| B: No pretreatment | No intervention | Following the decision to proceed to surgery, if randomised to this arm a date will be given for surgery as per routine clinical practice. No KD pre-treatment will be undertaken. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Time to 6 month remission
the time to achieve a period of 6 months of seizure freedom from the date of randomisation pretreated KD group vs non pretreated group
Measured: Month 33
Secondary outcomes (9)
Time to first seizure from date of randomisation;
The time to first seizure from date of randomisation, KD pretreated vs non pretreated group
Measured: 33 months
Time to 12 month remission after randomisation
Time to 12 month remission from seizures from date of randomisation, KD pretreated vs non pretreated group
Measured: 45 months
Time to 24 month remission after randomisation (if enough time for follow-up is available)
Time to 24 months remission from seizures from date of randomisation, KD pretreated vs non pretreated group
Measured: 45 months
Quality of life at 12 (and at 24 months if enough time for follow-up is available)
As determined by KINDL questionnaire, comparison of pretreated vs non pretreated group
Measured: 45 months
Adaptive behaviour assessment at 12 months, after randomisation (and at 24 months if enough time for follow-up is available);
Comparison of neurodevelopmental change between pretreated and non pretreated KD group, as measured by Vineland adaptive behaviour scales
Measured: 45 months
Methylation changes in tissue (DNA) from children pre-treated with the ketogenic diet compared to those not pretreated
As measured from tissue resected at surgery
Measured: 60 months
Changes in peripheral DNA (blood platelets) following treatment with the KD
As measured from samples taken following the KD
Measured: 60 months
Proportion of immediate AEs following resective surgery (i.e. surgical complications within 30 days)
As compared between groups, group pre-treated with KD compared to those without
Measured: 45 months
Compare the general AE occurrence
As compared between groups, group pre-treated with KD compared to those without
Measured: 60 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Oct 2014 (estimated)
- Study startOct 2014
- Primary completion26 Jul 2017
- Study completion26 Jul 2017
Why it stopped: The study oversight committees unanimously decided to stop the study early on 26/07/2017 due to poor recruitment.
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (15)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Cortical DysplasiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University College, LondonThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 3 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University College, London
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Liverpool
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- J Helen Cross, MB ChB PhD, Principal investigator, UCL-London
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02261753
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 13/0688
- Acronym
- EDIBLE
- Status last verified
- Oct 2014
- First submitted
- 26 Sep 2014
- Last updated
- 25 Sep 2017
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Wiebe S, Blume WT, Girvin JP, Eliasziw M; Effectiveness and Efficiency of Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Study Group. A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2001 Aug 2;345(5):311-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200108023450501.
PubMed 11484687Engel J Jr, McDermott MP, Wiebe S, Langfitt JT, Stern JM, Dewar S, Sperling MR, Gardiner I, Erba G, Fried I, Jacobs M, Vinters HV, Mintzer S, Kieburtz K; Early Randomized Surgical Epilepsy Trial (ERSET) Study Group. Early surgical therapy for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2012 Mar 7;307(9):922-30. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.220.
PubMed 22396514Harvey AS, Cross JH, Shinnar S, Mathern GW; ILAE Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery Survey Taskforce. Defining the spectrum of international practice in pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. Epilepsia. 2008 Jan;49(1):146-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01421.x. Epub 2007 Nov 27.
PubMed 18042232Lerner JT, Salamon N, Hauptman JS, Velasco TR, Hemb M, Wu JY, Sankar R, Donald Shields W, Engel J Jr, Fried I, Cepeda C, Andre VM, Levine MS, Miyata H, Yong WH, Vinters HV, Mathern GW. Assessment and surgical outcomes for mild type I and severe type II cortical dysplasia: a critical review and the UCLA experience. Epilepsia. 2009 Jun;50(6):1310-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01998.x. Epub 2009 Jan 21.
PubMed 19175385Blumcke I, Thom M, Aronica E, Armstrong DD, Vinters HV, Palmini A, Jacques TS, Avanzini G, Barkovich AJ, Battaglia G, Becker A, Cepeda C, Cendes F, Colombo N, Crino P, Cross JH, Delalande O, Dubeau F, Duncan J, Guerrini R, Kahane P, Mathern G, Najm I, Ozkara C, Raybaud C, Represa A, Roper SN, Salamon N, Schulze-Bonhage A, Tassi L, Vezzani A, Spreafico R. The clinicopathologic spectrum of focal cortical dysplasias: a consensus classification proposed by an ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Diagnostic Methods Commission. Epilepsia. 2011 Jan;52(1):158-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02777.x. Epub 2010 Nov 10.
PubMed 21219302Levy RG, Cooper PN, Giri P. Ketogenic diet and other dietary treatments for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Mar 14;(3):CD001903. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001903.pub2.
PubMed 22419282Neal EG, Chaffe H, Schwartz RH, Lawson MS, Edwards N, Fitzsimmons G, Whitney A, Cross JH. The ketogenic diet for the treatment of childhood epilepsy: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2008 Jun;7(6):500-6. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70092-9. Epub 2008 May 2.
PubMed 18456557Neal EG, Chaffe H, Schwartz RH, Lawson MS, Edwards N, Fitzsimmons G, Whitney A, Cross JH. A randomized trial of classical and medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diets in the treatment of childhood epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2009 May;50(5):1109-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01870.x. Epub 2008 Nov 19.
PubMed 19054400Sharma S, Sankhyan N, Gulati S, Agarwala A. Use of the modified Atkins diet for treatment of refractory childhood epilepsy: a randomized controlled trial. Epilepsia. 2013 Mar;54(3):481-6. doi: 10.1111/epi.12069. Epub 2013 Jan 7.
PubMed 23294191Jung DE, Kang HC, Kim HD. Long-term outcome of the ketogenic diet for intractable childhood epilepsy with focal malformation of cortical development. Pediatrics. 2008 Aug;122(2):e330-3. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-0012.
PubMed 18676519Hahnen E, Hauke J, Trankle C, Eyupoglu IY, Wirth B, Blumcke I. Histone deacetylase inhibitors: possible implications for neurodegenerative disorders. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2008 Feb;17(2):169-84. doi: 10.1517/13543784.17.2.169.
PubMed 18230051Gottlicher M, Minucci S, Zhu P, Kramer OH, Schimpf A, Giavara S, Sleeman JP, Lo Coco F, Nervi C, Pelicci PG, Heinzel T. Valproic acid defines a novel class of HDAC inhibitors inducing differentiation of transformed cells. EMBO J. 2001 Dec 17;20(24):6969-78. doi: 10.1093/emboj/20.24.6969.
PubMed 11742974Feil R, Fraga MF. Epigenetics and the environment: emerging patterns and implications. Nat Rev Genet. 2012 Jan 4;13(2):97-109. doi: 10.1038/nrg3142.
PubMed 22215131Feng J, Zhou Y, Campbell SL, Le T, Li E, Sweatt JD, Silva AJ, Fan G. Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a maintain DNA methylation and regulate synaptic function in adult forebrain neurons. Nat Neurosci. 2010 Apr;13(4):423-30. doi: 10.1038/nn.2514. Epub 2010 Mar 14.
PubMed 20228804Kobow K, Kaspi A, Harikrishnan KN, Kiese K, Ziemann M, Khurana I, Fritzsche I, Hauke J, Hahnen E, Coras R, Muhlebner A, El-Osta A, Blumcke I. Deep sequencing reveals increased DNA methylation in chronic rat epilepsy. Acta Neuropathol. 2013 Nov;126(5):741-56. doi: 10.1007/s00401-013-1168-8. Epub 2013 Sep 5.
PubMed 24005891
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Sep 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomised Controlled Trial to Compare Seizure Remission Outcome Following Resective Surgery With or Without Prior Treatment With Ketogenic Diet in Children With Epilepsy the Result of Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type II
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02261753
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- EDIBLE / 13/0688
- Conditions
- Cortical Dysplasia
- Keywords
- epilepsy surgery, outcome, ketogenic diet, ortical dysplasia
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- TerminatedReason stopped: The study oversight committees unanimously decided to stop the study early on 26/07/2017 due to poor recruitment.
- Enrolment
- 3 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University College, LondonUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Liverpool
- Study start
- Oct 2014
- Primary completion
- 26 Jul 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- 26 Jul 2017 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Oct 2014 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The investigators are undertaking the first European Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) for epilepsy surgery in children with FCD type II, to prospectively evaluate the role of the KD prior to surgery in improving seizure outcome. The investigators will evaluate the role of KD as a disease-modifying treatment to achieve seizure control and improve neurodevelopment and quality of life. Children age 3 - 15 years with pharmacoresistant epilepsy believed to be the result of focal cortical dysplasia type II, considered to be surgically treatable, will be randomised to either receive 6m treatment presurgery with a ketogenic diet, or to proceed direct to surgery (no pretreatment). Primary outcome will be the time to achieve a period of 6 months of seizure freedom from the date of randomisation. Tissue resected at surgery will also be evaluated with regard to the degree of any methylation of DNA.
Detailed description
Epilepsy surgery is now an accepted and effective management for individuals with drug resistant focal onset epilepsy in carefully selected candidates. This aside, only two RCTs have been performed in adults in temporal lobe epilepsy [1,2], and none in children . Malformations of cortical development are the most common pathology responsible for drug resistant focal epilepsy in childhood [3}. In retrospective studies, successful surgical resection resulting in seizure freedom in malformations of cortical development has been reported in 42-87% of cases [4], dependent on the series reviewed and the completeness of resection. Outcome is related to extent and completeness of resection, but the extent of tissue to be removed remains a challenge, especially in very young patients, where the limits of a lesion may be unclear and eloquent cortex may be involved.
FCD is one specific type of malformation, of localised areas of abnormal cortex that may be subdivided into I, II and III dependent on the pattern determined and cell types involved. This is by definition a histological diagnosis as was recently classified by the International League Against Epilepsy [5]. Specifically FCD type II can usually be suggested by characteristic changes on an MRI scan. These changes include increased cortical thickness, blurring of the cortical-white matter junction, increased signal on T2-weighted images, a radially oriented linear or conical transmantle strip of T2 hyperintensity, cortical thinning and localized brain atrophy. FCD type II may be subdivided histopathologically into IIa and IIb but it can be difficult to distinguish between the two radiologically.
The KD is a high fat diet with a proven efficacy in the treatment of drug resistant epilepsy in children [6]. An RCT performed in children aged 2-16 years diagnosed with drug resistant epilepsy utilising either a classical or medium chain triglyceride KD, demonstrated >50% reduction in seizures in 38% of participants after 3 months compared to 6% where there was no change in standard treatment, with no difference seen between the two diets [7,8]. A further RCT utilising a more relaxed approach of the KD, the modified Atkins diet, demonstrated similar results [9]. One open label study suggested particular efficacy in children with epilepsy due to FCD [10].
Clinical trials of epigenetic pharmacological treatment are promising and already have been approved for cancer [11]. Intriguingly, the most commonly used AED is valproic acid (VPA), in which histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor activity was discovered in 2001 [12]. The HDAC antagonizing effect of VPA is, however, considerably low compared to second generation HDAC inhibitors suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, Zolinza, Vorinostat), LBH598 or Romidepsin [11]. Unfortunately, all HDAC inhibitors bear the risk of severe side effects when systemically administered during pregnancy. Nevertheless, there is also evidence that the epigenetic machinery can be modified by nutrition and dietary concepts [13]; such a dietary concept is the KD. Stimulus-induced DNA methylation changes have been identified in postnatal brain [14], thus it can be anticipated that DNA methylation modifications contribute to the molecular memory of postmitotic neurons also in the epileptogenic network. We propose that therapies such as the KD that are directly or indirectly targeting the epigenetic machinery could be helpful to prevent, delay or retard drug-resistant epilepsy.
Recent experimental data in an animal model has shown that the classical KD attenuates epigenetic chromatin modifications (i.e. DNA methylation), a master regulator for gene expression and functional adaptation of the cell, thereby modifying disease progression [15]. This hypothesis suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role in epileptogenesis and that seizures can by themselves induce epigenetic chromatin modifications, aggravating the epileptogenic condition [15].
We will conduct the first RCT for epilepsy surgery in children with FCD type II, to prospectively evaluate the role of the KD prior to surgery.
120 children aged 3 - 15 years with a diagnosis of Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) type II a or b (with consistent MRI changes), treatment failure of at least two anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) in controlling continuing seizures, with seizure semiology consistent with focal onset agreed to be surgically treatable through FCD resection and continuing seizures for less than 5 years, will be included in the trial after parental/ legal representative consent. Children will be excluded if they have a history of less than two seizures in 6 months prior to randomisation or they have previously used the Ketogenic diet (KD) or administration of the KD is medically contraindicated. Patients will be recruited from 19 participating European sites in 8 countries undertaking ketogenic diet and epilepsy surgery in children.
Participants will be followed-up for minimum 24 months/maximum 48 months (depending on the timing of randomisation) after randomisation. Primary outcome will be time to 6 month remission (i.e. the time to achieve a period of 6 months of seizure freedom from the date of randomisation). Tissue removed at surgery will be assessed for DNA methylation.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| A: Classical ketogenic diet | Active comparator | Dietary Supplement: Classical ketogenic dietThe KD is a high fat, low carbohydrate, low protein diet designed to mimic the effects of fasting on the body. It will be administered by calculation as per local standardised classical KD protocol with utilisation of long chain fat in a ratio of 2:1 to 4:1 carbohydrate and protein. |
| B: No pretreatment | No intervention | –Following the decision to proceed to surgery, if randomised to this arm a date will be given for surgery as per routine clinical practice. No KD pre-treatment will be undertaken. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 3 to 15 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Children aged 3 - 15 years;
- MRI changes consistent with a diagnosis of FCD type II a or b;
- History of at least two epileptic seizures in the past 6 months before randomisation;
- Seizure semiology consistent with focal onset, agreed after pre-surgical discussion to be surgically treatable;
- Parent/ legal representative willing to give consent.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Previous use of the KD;
- Not a surgical candidate for FCD resection;
- Administration of the KD is medically contraindicated.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Classical ketogenic dietA high fat low carbohydrate, low protein diet. | Dietary supplement | A: Classical ketogenic diet |
Primary outcome
Time to 6 month remission
Time frame: Month 33
the time to achieve a period of 6 months of seizure freedom from the date of randomisation pretreated KD group vs non pretreated group
9 secondary outcomes
Time to first seizure from date of randomisation;
Time frame: 33 months
Time to 12 month remission after randomisation
Time frame: 45 months
Time to 24 month remission after randomisation (if enough time for follow-up is available)
Time frame: 45 months
Quality of life at 12 (and at 24 months if enough time for follow-up is available)
Time frame: 45 months
Adaptive behaviour assessment at 12 months, after randomisation (and at 24 months if enough time for follow-up is available);
Time frame: 45 months
Methylation changes in tissue (DNA) from children pre-treated with the ketogenic diet compared to those not pretreated
Time frame: 60 months
Changes in peripheral DNA (blood platelets) following treatment with the KD
Time frame: 60 months
Proportion of immediate AEs following resective surgery (i.e. surgical complications within 30 days)
Time frame: 45 months
Compare the general AE occurrence
Time frame: 60 months
Results and safety
The study was stopped early (reason given: The study oversight committees unanimously decided to stop the study early on 26/07/2017 due to poor recruitment.). Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Sep 2017.
- Background: PubMed 11484687Wiebe S, Blume WT, Girvin JP, Eliasziw M; Effectiveness and Efficiency of Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Study Group. A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2001 Aug 2;345(5):311-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200108023450501.
- Background: PubMed 22396514Engel J Jr, McDermott MP, Wiebe S, Langfitt JT, Stern JM, Dewar S, Sperling MR, Gardiner I, Erba G, Fried I, Jacobs M, Vinters HV, Mintzer S, Kieburtz K; Early Randomized Surgical Epilepsy Trial (ERSET) Study Group. Early surgical therapy for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2012 Mar 7;307(9):922-30. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.220.
- Background: PubMed 18042232Harvey AS, Cross JH, Shinnar S, Mathern GW; ILAE Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery Survey Taskforce. Defining the spectrum of international practice in pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. Epilepsia. 2008 Jan;49(1):146-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01421.x. Epub 2007 Nov 27.
- Background: PubMed 19175385Lerner JT, Salamon N, Hauptman JS, Velasco TR, Hemb M, Wu JY, Sankar R, Donald Shields W, Engel J Jr, Fried I, Cepeda C, Andre VM, Levine MS, Miyata H, Yong WH, Vinters HV, Mathern GW. Assessment and surgical outcomes for mild type I and severe type II cortical dysplasia: a critical review and the UCLA experience. Epilepsia. 2009 Jun;50(6):1310-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01998.x. Epub 2009 Jan 21.
- Background: PubMed 21219302Blumcke I, Thom M, Aronica E, Armstrong DD, Vinters HV, Palmini A, Jacques TS, Avanzini G, Barkovich AJ, Battaglia G, Becker A, Cepeda C, Cendes F, Colombo N, Crino P, Cross JH, Delalande O, Dubeau F, Duncan J, Guerrini R, Kahane P, Mathern G, Najm I, Ozkara C, Raybaud C, Represa A, Roper SN, Salamon N, Schulze-Bonhage A, Tassi L, Vezzani A, Spreafico R. The clinicopathologic spectrum of focal cortical dysplasias: a consensus classification proposed by an ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Diagnostic Methods Commission. Epilepsia. 2011 Jan;52(1):158-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02777.x. Epub 2010 Nov 10.
- Background: PubMed 22419282Levy RG, Cooper PN, Giri P. Ketogenic diet and other dietary treatments for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Mar 14;(3):CD001903. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001903.pub2.
- Background: PubMed 18456557Neal EG, Chaffe H, Schwartz RH, Lawson MS, Edwards N, Fitzsimmons G, Whitney A, Cross JH. The ketogenic diet for the treatment of childhood epilepsy: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2008 Jun;7(6):500-6. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70092-9. Epub 2008 May 2.
- Background: PubMed 19054400Neal EG, Chaffe H, Schwartz RH, Lawson MS, Edwards N, Fitzsimmons G, Whitney A, Cross JH. A randomized trial of classical and medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diets in the treatment of childhood epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2009 May;50(5):1109-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01870.x. Epub 2008 Nov 19.
- Background: PubMed 23294191Sharma S, Sankhyan N, Gulati S, Agarwala A. Use of the modified Atkins diet for treatment of refractory childhood epilepsy: a randomized controlled trial. Epilepsia. 2013 Mar;54(3):481-6. doi: 10.1111/epi.12069. Epub 2013 Jan 7.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
J Helen Cross, MB ChB PhD principal investigator
UCL-London
15 sites in 8 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Classical ketogenic diet in people with Cortical Dysplasia, run by University College, London at 15 sites in 8 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Sep 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 15 sites in United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, United States and 3 more countries. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study was stopped early (reason given: The study oversight committees unanimously decided to stop the study early on 26/07/2017 due to poor recruitment.). Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Time to 6 month remission (time frame: Month 33). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02261753, which also lists 15 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Sep 2017.