Germ Cell TumorPhase 3NCT02375204
Standard-Dose Combination Chemotherapy or High-Dose Combination Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Germ Cell Tumors
A Phase 3 study testing paclitaxel, ifosfamide and cisplatin in people with Germ Cell Tumor and Teratoma, run by Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology at 125 sites in 12 countries.
Trial summary
This randomized phase III trial studies how well standard-dose combination chemotherapy works compared to high-dose combination chemotherapy and stem cell transplant in treating patients with germ cell tumors that have returned after a period of improvement or did not respond to treatment. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 14 years and older, men only
- Conditions the study is for
- Germ Cell Tumor, Teratoma, Choriocarcinoma
- What is being tested?
- paclitaxel, ifosfamide and cisplatin
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 420 participants
- Where
- 125 sitesin 12 countries
- Study dates
- 6 Aug 2015to 1 Jun 2031
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 14 years and older
- Men only
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Documentation of Disease
- Histologic Documentation: Confirmation of GCT histology (both seminoma and nonseminoma) on pathologic review at the center of enrollment.
- Tumor may have originated in any primary site. NOTE: In rare circumstances, patients will be allowed to enroll even if a pathologic diagnosis may not have been established.
- This would require a clinical situation consistent with the diagnosis of GCT (testicular, peritoneal, retroperitoneal or mediastinal mass, elevated tumor marker levels {HCG ≥ 500; AFP ≥ 500} and typical pattern of metastases)
- Evidence of Disease
- Must have evidence of progressive or recurrent GCT (measurable or non-measurable) following one line of cisplatin-based chemotherapy, defined as meeting at least one of the following criteria:
- Tumor biopsy of new or growing or unresectable lesions demonstrating viable non-teratomatous GCT (enrollment on this study for adjuvant treatment after macroscopically complete resection of viable GCT is not allowed). In the event of an incomplete gross resection where viable GCT is found, patients will be considered eligible for the study.
- Consecutive elevated serum tumor markers (HCG or AFP) that are increasing. Increase of an elevated LDH alone does not constitute progressive disease.
- Development of new or enlarging lesions in the setting of persistently elevated HCG or AFP, even if the HCG and AFP are not continuing to increase.
- Prior Treatment
- Must have received 3-6 cycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy as part of first-line (initial) chemotherapy.
- Prior POMBACE, CBOP-BEP, or GAMEC are allowed.
- Note: For patients requiring immediate treatment, 1 cycle of conventional-dose salvage chemotherapy is allowed. Therefore, these patients may have received 7 prior cycles of chemotherapy. 6 cycles as part of first-line chemotherapy and 1 cycle of salvage conventional chemotherapy.
- No more than one prior line of chemotherapy for GCT (other than the 1 cycle of salvage chemotherapy as defined in the protocol)
- Definition of one line of chemotherapy: One line of therapy can in some cases consist of 2 different cisplatin-based treatment combinations, provided there is no disease progression between these two regimens.
- Prior treatment with carboplatin as adjuvant therapy is allowed, provided patients meet other eligibility criteria (e.g., the patient has also received 3-4 cycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy).
- Prior treatment with 1-2 cycles of BEP or EP as adjuvant chemotherapy for early stage GCT is allowed, provided the patient also received 3-4 cycles of BEP or EP again at relapse. Patients treated with 3-4 cycles of VIP at relapse following 1-2 cycles of BEP/EP are not eligible as this would be considered more than 1 line of prior therapy.
- No prior treatment with high-dose chemotherapy (defined as treatment utilizing stem cell rescue)
- No prior treatment with TIP with the exception when given as a bridge to treatment on protocol for patients with rapidly progressive disease who cannot wait to complete the eligibility screening process. Only one cycle is allowed.
- No concurrent treatment with other cytotoxic drugs or targeted therapies.
- No radiation therapy (other than to the brain) within 14 days of day 1 of protocol chemotherapy except radiation to brain metastases, which must be completed 7 days prior to start of chemotherapy.
- No previous chemotherapy within 17 days prior to enrollment. A minimum of three weeks after the last day of the start of the previous chemotherapy regimen before the first day of chemotherapy on study protocol.
- Must have adequate recovery from prior surgery (eg, healed scar, resumption of diet)
- Age ≥ 14 years (≥ 18 years in Germany)
- ECOG Performance Status 0 to 2
- Male gender
- Required Initial Laboratory Values:
- Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≥ 1,500/mm^3
- Platelet Count ≥ 100,000/mm^3
- Calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min
- Bilirubin ≤ 2.0 x upper limits of normal (ULN)
- AST/ALT ≤ 2.5 x upper limits of normal (ULN)
- No concurrent malignancy other than non-melanoma skin cancer, superficial noninvasive (pTa or pTis) TCC of the bladder, contralateral GCT, or intratubular germ cell neoplasia. Patients with a prior malignancy, but at least 2 years since any evidence of disease are allowed.
- Negative Serology (antibody test) for the following infectious diseases:
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) type 1 and 2
- Human T-cell Leukemia Virus (HTLV) type 1 and 2 (mandatory in US but optional in Canada and Europe)
- Hepatitis B surface antigen
- Hepatitis C antibody
- No late relapse with completely surgically resectable disease. Patients with late relapses (defined as relapse ≥ 2 years from the date of completion of the last chemotherapy regimen) whose disease is completely surgically resectable are not eligible. Patients with late relapses who have unresectable disease are eligible.
- No large (≥ 2 cm) hemorrhagic or symptomatic brain metastases until local treatment has been administered (radiation therapy or surgery). Treatment may begin ≥ 7 days after completion of local treatment. Patients with small (< 2 cm) and asymptomatic brain metastases are allowed and may be treated with radiation therapy and/or surgery concurrently with Arm A or cycles 1 and 2 of Arm B if deemed medically indicated. Radiation therapy should not be given concurrently with high-dose carboplatin or etoposide.
- No secondary somatic malignancy arising from teratoma (e.g., teratoma with malignant transformation) when it is actively part of the disease recurrence or progression.
Trial locations and contacts
125 sites in 12 countries.
125 sites in 12 countries
United States77 sites
University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
Emory University Hospital/Winship Cancer Institute
Atlanta, Georgia, 30322
Memorial Sloan Kettering Basking Ridge
Basking Ridge, New Jersey, 07920
Children's Hospital of Alabama
Birmingham, Alabama, 35233
Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Spartanburg
Boiling Springs, South Carolina, 29316
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Buffalo, New York, 14263
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599
Medical University of South Carolina
Charleston, South Carolina, 29425
Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute
Charlotte, North Carolina, 28203
Northwestern University
Chicago, Illinois, 60611
Rush University Medical Center
Chicago, Illinois, 60612
University of Illinois
Chicago, Illinois, 60612
University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center
Chicago, Illinois, 60637
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
Columbus, Ohio, 43210
Memorial Sloan Kettering Commack
Commack, New York, 11725
Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Easley
Easley, South Carolina, 29640
Marshfield Medical Center-EC Cancer Center
Eau Claire, Wisconsin, 54701
El Paso Children's Hospital
El Paso, Texas, 79905
University of Florida Health Science Center - Gainesville
Gainesville, Florida, 32610
Spectrum Health at Butterworth Campus
Grand Rapids, Michigan, 49503
Saint Francis Hospital
Greenville, South Carolina, 29601
BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center
Greenville, South Carolina, 29605
Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Butternut
Greenville, South Carolina, 29605
Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Faris
Greenville, South Carolina, 29605
Prisma Health Greenville Memorial Hospital
Greenville, South Carolina, 29605
Saint Francis Cancer Center
Greenville, South Carolina, 29607
Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Eastside
Greenville, South Carolina, 29615
Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Greer
Greer, South Carolina, 29650
Hackensack University Medical Center
Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601
Memorial Sloan Kettering Westchester
Harrison, New York, 10604
M D Anderson Cancer Center
Houston, Texas, 77030
Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville
Jacksonville, Florida, 32207
UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center
La Jolla, California, 92093
Summerlin Hospital Medical Center
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89144
Loma Linda University Medical Center
Loma Linda, California, 92354
USC / Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
Los Angeles, California, 90033
Marshfield Medical Center-Marshfield
Marshfield, Wisconsin, 54449
Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital
Memphis, Tennessee, 38105
Nicklaus Children's Hospital
Miami, Florida, 33155
Miami Cancer Institute
Miami, Florida, 33176
Memorial Sloan Kettering Monmouth
Middletown, New Jersey, 07748
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226
Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55404
Marshfield Clinic-Minocqua Center
Minocqua, Wisconsin, 54548
The Children's Hospital at TriStar Centennial
Nashville, Tennessee, 37203
Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center
Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
Ochsner Medical Center Jefferson
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70121
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York, 10065
Kaiser Permanente-Oakland
Oakland, California, 94611
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104
Nebraska Methodist Hospital
Omaha, Nebraska, 68114
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children
Orlando, Florida, 32806
Stanford Cancer Institute Palo Alto
Palo Alto, California, 94304
Saint Joseph's Regional Medical Center
Paterson, New Jersey, 07503
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
University of Pennsylvania/Abramson Cancer Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15232
Rhode Island Hospital
Providence, Rhode Island, 02903
Marshfield Medical Center-Rice Lake
Rice Lake, Wisconsin, 54868
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay
San Francisco, California, 94158
Seattle Children's Hospital
Seattle, Washington, 98105
Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Seneca
Seneca, South Carolina, 29672
Spartanburg Medical Center
Spartanburg, South Carolina, 29303
Washington University School of Medicine
St Louis, Missouri, 63110
Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital
St. Petersburg, Florida, 33701
Marshfield Medical Center-River Region at Stevens Point
Stevens Point, Wisconsin, 54482
Saint Joseph's Hospital/Children's Hospital-Tampa
Tampa, Florida, 33607
Memorial Sloan Kettering Nassau
Uniondale, New York, 11553
MedStar Georgetown University Hospital
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, 20007
Marshfield Medical Center - Weston
Weston, Wisconsin, 54476
Ascension Via Christi Hospitals Wichita
Wichita, Kansas, 67214
Cancer Center of Kansas - Wichita
Wichita, Kansas, 67214
Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
Wilmington, Delaware, 19803
University of Michigan Health - West
Wyoming, Michigan, 49519
Germany11 sites
University of Berlin Charite Campus Benjamin Franklin
Berlin, 12203
Technical University Dresden
Dresden, Saxony, 01307
University of Dusseldorf
Düsseldorf, 40225
University of Essen
Essen, 45122
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Hamburg, 20246
UniversitaetsKlinikum Heidelberg
Heidelberg, 69120
GK-Mittelrhein Saint Martin's
Koblenz, 56068
Philipps University Marburg
Marburg, 35033
Rotkreuzklinikum Munchen
Munich, 80634
Klinikum Nurnberg Nord
Nuremberg, 90419
University Hospital Ulm
Ulm, 89081
United Kingdom8 sites
Beatson Oncology Center
Glasgow, Scotland, G12 0YN
Saint Bartholomew's Hospital
London, England, EC1A 7BE
Christie Hospital
Manchester, England, M20 4BX
Nottingham City Hospital
Nottingham, NG5 1PB
Weston Park Hospital
Sheffield, England, S10 2SJ
Southampton General Hospital
Southampton, England, SO16 6YD
The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust - Sutton
Surrey, SM2 5PT
Saint James's University Hospital
West Yorkshire, England, LS9 7TF
France7 sites
Centre Leon Berard
Lyon, 69373
Institut Paoli Calmettes
Marseille, 13273
Hopital Tenon/Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris
Paris, 75970
CHRU Strasbourg - Hospital Civil
Strasbourg, 67091
Center Claudius Regaud
Toulouse, 31052
Centre Alexis Vautrin
Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, 54511
Gustave Roussy
Villejuif, 94805
Australia4 sites
Box Hill Hospital
Box Hill, Victoria, 3128
Royal Prince Alfred Hospital
Camperdown, New South Wales, 2050
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
Melbourne, Victoria, 3000
Princess Alexandra Hospital
Woolloongabba, Queensland, 4102
Italy4 sites
Ospedale di Circolo di Busto Arsizio
Busto Arsizio, 21052
Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo
Meldola, 47014
Istituto Nazionale Tumori
Milan, 20133
San Matteo Hospital
Pavia, 27100
Spain4 sites
Hospital De La Santa Creu I Sant Pau
Barcelona, 08025
Duran i Reynals Hospital-Catalan Institute of Oncology
Barcelona, 08908
Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre
Madrid, 28041
Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer
Murcia, 30008
Netherlands3 sites
The Netherlands Cancer Institute
Amsterdam, 1066 CX
University Medical Center Groningen
Groningen, 9700 GZ
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre
Nijmegen, 6500 HB
Switzerland3 sites
Inselspital
Bern, 3010
Hopitaux Universitaires de Geneve
Geneva, 1211
University Hospital Zurich
Zurich, 8091
Belgium2 sites
Institut Jules Bordet
Anderlecht, 1070
University Hospital Saint Luc
Brussels, 1200
About this study
Official title: A Randomized Phase III Trial Comparing Conventional-Dose Chemotherapy Using Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin (TIP) With High-Dose Chemotherapy Using Mobilizing Paclitaxel Plus Ifosfamide Followed by High-Dose Carboplatin and Etoposide (TI-CE) as First Salvage Treatment in Relapsed or Refractory Germ Cell Tumors
This randomized phase III trial studies how well standard-dose combination chemotherapy works compared to high-dose combination chemotherapy and stem cell transplant in treating patients with germ cell tumors that have returned after a period of improvement or did not respond to treatment. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as paclitaxel, ifosfamide, cisplatin, carboplatin, and etoposide, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving chemotherapy before a stem cell transplant stops the growth of cancer cells by stopping them from dividing or killing them. Giving colony-stimulating factors, such as filgrastim or pegfilgrastim, and certain chemotherapy drugs, helps stem cells move from the bone marrow to the blood so they can be collected and stored. Chemotherapy is then given to prepare the bone marrow for the stem cell transplant. The stem cells are then returned to the patient to replace the blood-forming cells that were destroyed by the chemotherapy. It is not yet known whether high-dose combination chemotherapy and stem cell transplant are more effective than standard-dose combination chemotherapy in treating patients with refractory or relapsed germ cell tumors.
Read the detailed description
The study is an international collaboration with European sites. Collaborators on the study include the National Cancer Institute, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Movember Foundation. Randomization will be stratified by region (North America and Europe) and by modified IPFSG (International Prognostic Factor Study Group) risk classification (low, intermediate and high). The primary and secondary objectives are described below.
Primary Objective:
- To compare the overall survival in patients treated with conventional-dose chemotherapy using the TIP regimen with high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) plus autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) using the TI-CE regimen as initial salvage treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory germ cell tumors (GCT)
Secondary Objectives:
- To compare the progression-free survival (PFS) of patients treated with initial salvage HDCT with TI-CE versus initial salvage CDCT with TIP
- To compare the favorable response rate (FRR) of patients treated with initial salvage HDCT with TI-CE versus initial salvage CDCT with TIP
- To compare the toxicity, including treatment-related mortality, associated with high-dose chemotherapy and ASCT using TI-CE compared with conventional-dose chemotherapy using TIP as initial salvage treatment for patients with relapsed or refractory GCT
- To prospectively evaluate the IPFSG scoring system as a predictor of outcome to initial salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory GCT. In this trial, randomization will be stratified by a modification of their IPFSG category and we will prospectively evaluate whether or not actual outcomes vary by risk group in the appropriate manner (low risk patients have higher OS than high-risk group).
- To evaluate the association between tumor marker decline rates of Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) with OS and PFS.
Treatment is to continue until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or completion of all protocol treatment.
- Conditions
- Germ Cell Tumor, Teratoma, Choriocarcinoma, Germinoma, Mixed Germ Cell Tumor, Yolk Sac Tumor
- Being tested
- paclitaxel, ifosfamide, cisplatin, pegylated G-CSF, G-CSF
- Medical subject headings
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal, Teratoma, Choriocarcinoma, Germinoma, Endodermal Sinus Tumor, Nonseminomatous germ cell tumor, Seminoma
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
paclitaxelDrug
Also called Taxol
IV
ifosfamideDrug
Also called Ifex®, IFOS
IV
cisplatinDrug
Also called CDDP
IV
pegylated G-CSFDrug
IV
G-CSFDrug
IV
carboplatinDrug
Also called Paraplatin®, CBDCA
IV
etoposide phosphateDrug
Also called VePesid®, Toposar®, VP16
IV
stem cell reinfusionProcedure or surgery
surgical procedure
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: TIP | Other | Patients will receive treatment for 4 cycles administered every 21 days.
Cycles 1-4 (1 cycle = 21 days)
* paclitaxel 250 mg/m^2 IV over 24 hours on Day 1 including premedication as defined in the protocol (eg, dexamethasone, diphenhydramine and H2 blocker)
* ifosfamide 1500 mg/m^2 IV daily on Days 2-5 with mesna protection as defined in the protocol
* cisplatin 25 mg/m^2 IV daily on Days 2-5
* pegylated G-CSF 6 mg subcutaneous on Day 6 or 7 or G-CSF as defined in the protocol on Days 6-18
Patients may commence with each Arm A cycle provided they meet the criteria as defined in the protocol. Receives: Drug: paclitaxel; Drug: ifosfamide; Drug: cisplatin; Drug: pegylated G-CSF; Drug: G-CSF |
| Arm B: TI-CE | Other | Patients will receive treatment for a total of 5 cycles.
Cycles 1-2 (1 cycle = 14 days)
* paclitaxel 200 mg/m^2 IV over 3 hours on Day 1 including premedication as defined in the protocol (eg, dexamethasone, diphenhydramine and H2 blocker)
* ifosfamide 2000 mg/m^2 IV daily on Days 1-3 with mesna protection as defined in the protocol
* G-CSF 10 µg/kg subcutaneously on Days 3-15 (cycle 1) and Days 3-14 (cycle 2) or pegylated G-CSF 6 mg subcutaneous on Day 4 or 6 (cycle 1) and Day 4 or 5 (cycle 2)
* leukapheresis every 14 days, if there is an inadequate number of CD34+ cells/kg collected in cycle 1
Cycles 3-5 (1 cycle = 21 days)
* carboplatin daily on Days 1-3
* etoposide 400 mg/m^2 daily on Days 1-3
* stem cell reinfusion on day 5
* pegylated G-CSF 6 mg subcutaneously or G-CSF at approximately 5 µg/kg daily on Days 5-15
Patients may commence with each Arm B cycle provided they meet the criteria as defined in the protocol. Receives: Drug: paclitaxel; Drug: ifosfamide; Drug: pegylated G-CSF; Drug: G-CSF; Drug: carboplatin; Drug: etoposide phosphate; Procedure: stem cell reinfusion |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
overall survival
Measured: Up to 36 months post-treatment
Secondary outcomes (5)
progression free survival
Measured: Up to 36 months post-treatment
proportion of patients achieving either a complete response (CR) or partial response
Measured: Up to 3 months post-registration
treatment related mortality
Measured: Up to 30 days post-treatment
number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0
Measured: Up to 3 months post-registration
Validation of International Prognostic Factor Study Group stratification system (eg, primary site, prior response, progression free interval)
Measured: Up to 3 years post-registration
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Mar 2015 (estimated)
- Study start6 Aug 2015
- Primary completion1 Jun 2031 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Jun 2031 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Germ Cell TumorStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Alliance for Clinical Trials in OncologyThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 420 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - EORTC, Movember Foundation, Institute of Cancer Research, United Kingdom, Cancer Research UK, UNICANCER, Irish Group CTI
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Darren Feldman, MD, Study chair, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02375204
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- A031102
- Other IDs
- U10CA180821, NCI-2014-01696
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 20 Feb 2015
- Last updated
- 16 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Gleeson JP, Knezevic A, Bromberg M, Patil S, Sheinfeld J, Carver BS, Bains M, Jones DR, Bajorin DF, Bosl GJ, McHugh DJ, Funt SA, Motzer RJ, Feldman DR. Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin as Initial Salvage Chemotherapy for Germ Cell Tumors: Long-Term Follow-Up and Outcomes for Favorable- and Unfavorable-Risk Disease. J Clin Oncol. 2024 Sep 10;42(26):3130-3139. doi: 10.1200/JCO.23.02542. Epub 2024 Jul 19.
PubMed 39028926Tan YY, Al-Bubseeree B, Irvine D, MacDonald G, McQuaker G, Parker A, Waterston A, White J. High-Dose Chemotherapy in Relapsed or Refractory Metastatic Germ-Cell Cancer: The Scotland Experience. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019 Apr;17(2):125-131. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.11.013. Epub 2018 Nov 17.
PubMed 30563754
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized Phase III Trial Comparing Conventional-Dose Chemotherapy Using Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin (TIP) With High-Dose Chemotherapy Using Mobilizing Paclitaxel Plus Ifosfamide Followed by High-Dose Carboplatin and Etoposide (TI-CE) as First Salvage Treatment in Relapsed or Refractory Germ Cell Tumors
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02375204
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- A031102
- Conditions
- Germ Cell Tumor, Teratoma, Choriocarcinoma, Germinoma, Mixed Germ Cell Tumor, Yolk Sac Tumor
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 420 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Alliance for Clinical Trials in OncologyUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - EORTC, Movember Foundation, Institute of Cancer Research, United Kingdom, Cancer Research UK, UNICANCER, Irish Group CTI
- Study start
- 6 Aug 2015 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jun 2031 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Jun 2031 (estimated)
- First posted
- 2 Mar 2015 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized phase III trial studies how well standard-dose combination chemotherapy works compared to high-dose combination chemotherapy and stem cell transplant in treating patients with germ cell tumors that have returned after a period of improvement or did not respond to treatment. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as paclitaxel, ifosfamide, cisplatin, carboplatin, and etoposide, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving chemotherapy before a stem cell transplant stops the growth of cancer cells by stopping them from dividing or killing them. Giving colony-stimulating factors, such as filgrastim or pegfilgrastim, and certain chemotherapy drugs, helps stem cells move from the bone marrow to the blood so they can be collected and stored. Chemotherapy is then given to prepare the bone marrow for the stem cell transplant. The stem cells are then returned to the patient to replace the blood-forming cells that were destroyed by the chemotherapy. It is not yet known whether high-dose combination chemotherapy and stem cell transplant are more effective than standard-dose combination chemotherapy in treating patients with refractory or relapsed germ cell tumors.
Detailed description
The study is an international collaboration with European sites. Collaborators on the study include the National Cancer Institute, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Movember Foundation. Randomization will be stratified by region (North America and Europe) and by modified IPFSG (International Prognostic Factor Study Group) risk classification (low, intermediate and high). The primary and secondary objectives are described below.
Primary Objective:
- To compare the overall survival in patients treated with conventional-dose chemotherapy using the TIP regimen with high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) plus autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) using the TI-CE regimen as initial salvage treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory germ cell tumors (GCT)
Secondary Objectives:
- To compare the progression-free survival (PFS) of patients treated with initial salvage HDCT with TI-CE versus initial salvage CDCT with TIP
- To compare the favorable response rate (FRR) of patients treated with initial salvage HDCT with TI-CE versus initial salvage CDCT with TIP
- To compare the toxicity, including treatment-related mortality, associated with high-dose chemotherapy and ASCT using TI-CE compared with conventional-dose chemotherapy using TIP as initial salvage treatment for patients with relapsed or refractory GCT
- To prospectively evaluate the IPFSG scoring system as a predictor of outcome to initial salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory GCT. In this trial, randomization will be stratified by a modification of their IPFSG category and we will prospectively evaluate whether or not actual outcomes vary by risk group in the appropriate manner (low risk patients have higher OS than high-risk group).
- To evaluate the association between tumor marker decline rates of Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) with OS and PFS.
Treatment is to continue until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or completion of all protocol treatment.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: TIP | Other | Drug: paclitaxel, Drug: ifosfamide, Drug: cisplatin, Drug: pegylated G-CSF, Drug: G-CSFPatients will receive treatment for 4 cycles administered every 21 days. Cycles 1-4 (1 cycle = 21 days) * paclitaxel 250 mg/m^2 IV over 24 hours on Day 1 including premedication as defined in the protocol (eg, dexamethasone, diphenhydramine and H2 blocker) * ifosfamide 1500 mg/m^2 IV daily on Days 2-5 with mesna protection as defined in the protocol * cisplatin 25 mg/m^2 IV daily on Days 2-5 * pegylated G-CSF 6 mg subcutaneous on Day 6 or 7 or G-CSF as defined in the protocol on Days 6-18 Patients may commence with each Arm A cycle provided they meet the criteria as defined in the protocol. |
| Arm B: TI-CE | Other | Drug: paclitaxel, Drug: ifosfamide, Drug: pegylated G-CSF, Drug: G-CSF, Drug: carboplatin, Drug: etoposide phosphate, Procedure: stem cell reinfusionPatients will receive treatment for a total of 5 cycles. Cycles 1-2 (1 cycle = 14 days) * paclitaxel 200 mg/m^2 IV over 3 hours on Day 1 including premedication as defined in the protocol (eg, dexamethasone, diphenhydramine and H2 blocker) * ifosfamide 2000 mg/m^2 IV daily on Days 1-3 with mesna protection as defined in the protocol * G-CSF 10 µg/kg subcutaneously on Days 3-15 (cycle 1) and Days 3-14 (cycle 2) or pegylated G-CSF 6 mg subcutaneous on Day 4 or 6 (cycle 1) and Day 4 or 5 (cycle 2) * leukapheresis every 14 days, if there is an inadequate number of CD34+ cells/kg collected in cycle 1 Cycles 3-5 (1 cycle = 21 days) * carboplatin daily on Days 1-3 * etoposide 400 mg/m^2 daily on Days 1-3 * stem cell reinfusion on day 5 * pegylated G-CSF 6 mg subcutaneously or G-CSF at approximately 5 µg/kg daily on Days 5-15 Patients may commence with each Arm B cycle provided they meet the criteria as defined in the protocol. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 14 years and older
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| paclitaxelAlso: TaxolIV | Drug | Arm A: TIP, Arm B: TI-CE |
| ifosfamideAlso: Ifex®, IFOSIV | Drug | Arm A: TIP, Arm B: TI-CE |
| cisplatinAlso: CDDPIV | Drug | Arm A: TIP |
| pegylated G-CSFIV | Drug | Arm A: TIP, Arm B: TI-CE |
| G-CSFIV | Drug | Arm A: TIP, Arm B: TI-CE |
| carboplatinAlso: Paraplatin®, CBDCAIV | Drug | Arm B: TI-CE |
| etoposide phosphateAlso: VePesid®, Toposar®, VP16IV | Drug | Arm B: TI-CE |
| stem cell reinfusionsurgical procedure | Procedure or surgery | Arm B: TI-CE |
Primary outcome
overall survival
Time frame: Up to 36 months post-treatment
5 secondary outcomes
progression free survival
Time frame: Up to 36 months post-treatment
proportion of patients achieving either a complete response (CR) or partial response
Time frame: Up to 3 months post-registration
treatment related mortality
Time frame: Up to 30 days post-treatment
number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0
Time frame: Up to 3 months post-registration
Validation of International Prognostic Factor Study Group stratification system (eg, primary site, prior response, progression free interval)
Time frame: Up to 3 years post-registration
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Jun 2026.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 39028926Gleeson JP, Knezevic A, Bromberg M, Patil S, Sheinfeld J, Carver BS, Bains M, Jones DR, Bajorin DF, Bosl GJ, McHugh DJ, Funt SA, Motzer RJ, Feldman DR. Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin as Initial Salvage Chemotherapy for Germ Cell Tumors: Long-Term Follow-Up and Outcomes for Favorable- and Unfavorable-Risk Disease. J Clin Oncol. 2024 Sep 10;42(26):3130-3139. doi: 10.1200/JCO.23.02542. Epub 2024 Jul 19.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 30563754Tan YY, Al-Bubseeree B, Irvine D, MacDonald G, McQuaker G, Parker A, Waterston A, White J. High-Dose Chemotherapy in Relapsed or Refractory Metastatic Germ-Cell Cancer: The Scotland Experience. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019 Apr;17(2):125-131. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.11.013. Epub 2018 Nov 17.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Darren Feldman, MD study chair
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
125 sites in 12 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing paclitaxel, ifosfamide and cisplatin in people with Germ Cell Tumor and Teratoma, run by Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology at 125 sites in 12 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 125 sites in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Australia and 7 more countries. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
overall survival (time frame: Up to 36 months post-treatment). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02375204, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Jun 2026.