Lateral Ankle InstabilityNCT02470338
Modified Brostrӧm Procedure With and Without Possible Arthroscopy for Lateral Ankle Instability
A study testing MBP plus arthroscopy (Group A) and MBP alone (Group B) in people with Lateral Ankle Instability, run by Edna Rath at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This study is to show that the investigators believe the Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP) can be completed without a routine ankle arthroscopy. Routine ankle arthroscopy, if determined not to be necessary in all cases, is a waste of resources in terms of operating room, surgeon, and staff time as well causing an… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Lateral Ankle Instability
- What is being tested?
- MBP plus arthroscopy (Group A) and MBP alone (Group B)
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 0 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Jun 2015to Jun 2018
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Able to independently consent for surgery
- Able to demonstrate an understanding of study procedures
- Adult patient 18 years of age or older
- All active duty soldiers, Veterans, dependents
- Ability to comply with study procedures for the entire length of the study
- Presence of lateral ankle instability meeting operative criteria listed in 6.2.1 with documented failed conservative measures such as: physical therapy, ankle braces, and rest
Who cannot join
- Unable to obtain medical clearance for surgery
- Recent (1 month) febrile illness that precludes or delays participation
- History of or suspected of drug/alcohol abuse, as these patients may not be compliant with physical therapy. All patients are required to be immobilized for 6 weeks after surgery
- Pregnant women, this is an elective procedure and a MBP or ankle arthroscopy is not typically offered to pregnant women. Screening for pregnancy is done as part of standard of care
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
William Beaumont Army Medical Center
El Paso, Texas, 79920-5001
About this study
Official title: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Modified Brostrӧm Procedure With and Without Diagnostic Arthroscopy for Treatment of Lateral Ankle Instability
This study is to show that the investigators believe the Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP) can be completed without a routine ankle arthroscopy. Routine ankle arthroscopy, if determined not to be necessary in all cases, is a waste of resources in terms of operating room, surgeon, and staff time as well causing an increase in hospital financial expenses. Most importantly, this procedure is morbid. Ankle arthroscopy forces a patient's foot into distraction for up to one hour, exposes the patient to potentially longer anesthesia exposure that is unnecessary, increases infectious risks, and requires exposure at the portal sites near superficial nerves.
Read the detailed description
The purpose of this investigation is to determine if ankle arthroscopy is necessary in the treatment of routine ankle instability without evidence of intra-articular pathology on MRI. Our study population will include those individuals whose ankle MRI is inconclusive or negative for intra-articular pathologies, and intra-articular ankle pain is not a predominant presenting symptom. Although it is our current practice at WBAMC not to conduct an ankle arthroscopy on this group of patients, there is a debate in the literature on whether the arthroscopy should be conducted. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the MBP with and without ankle arthroscopy.
- Conditions
- Lateral Ankle Instability
- Being tested
- MBP plus arthroscopy (Group A), MBP alone (Group B)
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
MBP plus arthroscopy (Group A)Procedure or surgery
MBP alone (Group B)Procedure or surgery
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| MBP plus ankle arthroscopy (Group A) | Active comparator | Group A will receive a diagnostic ankle arthroscopy followed by the Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP). In the ankle arthroscopy, multiple pictures are taken inside of the joint to note possible pathologic processes (for example - osteochondral lesions of the talus). Ankle arthroscopy involves one incision in the middle of the ankle anteriomedial (middle) incision and one incision on the outside of the ankle. Each incision (a small cut in the skin) is roughly 5mm in length (which is about 0.2 inches). After the incision is made, the participant will receive a diagnostic ankle arthroscopy.If the surgeon detects an abnormality inside the joint, he will operate on the abnormality with the arthroscope according to the generally accepted principles for treating the abnormality. Receives: Procedure: MBP plus arthroscopy (Group A) |
| MBP alone (Group B) | Sham comparator | Group B will receive sham skin incisions on the ankle a Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP) alone (that is, there will be no diagnostic ankle arthroscopy) followed by the Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP). If a participant is assigned to Group B, the participant will receive two small superficial skin incisions at the sites where the investigators would normally insert instruments for the ankle arthroscopy. As with Group A, there will be one anteriomedial (middle) incision on the middle of the ankle and one anteriolateral (side) incision to on the outside of the ankle. Each incision will be roughly 5mm in length and 5 mm in depth, but will not violate subcutaneous tissue. The width of these incisions will be the width of the blade, at 1mm. However, unlike Group A, the participants in Group B will not have any instruments inserted into their ankle and will not have any operation to repair or remove damaged tissue. Receives: Procedure: MBP alone (Group B) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Talar Tilt Exam
the angle formed by the tibial plafond and talar dome is measured as inversion force is applied to the hindfoot at 10-20 degrees of plantarflexion. A tilt of 0-23 degrees is considered normal though most ankles measure 0-5 degrees.
Measured: Changes in Talar Tilt Exam scores from initial pre-op through the end of study. (Pre- Operative, Day of Surgery, Post-Op Month 3, Post Op Month 6, Post Op Month 12, Post Op Month 24)
Anterior Drawer Exam
a test in which a patient is seated with the knee flexed, and the tibia is fixed with one hand while the ankle is grasped with the other hand, plantarflexed 10 degrees, and the talus is translated anteriorly under fluoroscopy. The degree of translation in mm is measured. To put this in perspective, a translation of >8mm is considered diagnostic for an anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) tear.
Measured: Changes in Anterior Drawer Exam scores from initial pre-op through the end of study. (Pre- Operative, Day of Surgery, Post-Op Month 3, Post Op Month 6, Post Op Month 12, Post Op Month 24)
Visual Analog Scale
a psychometric response scale in which a patient indicates their agreement with a statement along a continuous line. In our case, we will record how satisfied the patient is with their outcome/present post-operative state on a scale of 1-100.
Measured: Changes in Visual Analog Scale scores from initial pre-op through the end of study. (Pre- Operative, Day of Surgery, Post-Op Month 3, Post Op Month 6, Post Op Month 12, Post Op Month 24)
American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society
Hindfoot Score is a subjective outcome scale evaluating pain, function, and alignment
Measured: Changes in American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scores from initial pre-op through the end of study. (Pre- Operative, Day of Surgery, Post-Op Month 3, Post Op Month 6, Post Op Month 12, Post Op Month 24)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Jun 2015 (estimated)
- Study startJun 2015
- Primary completionApr 2018 (estimated)
- Study completionJun 2018 (estimated)
Why it stopped: Withdrawn as researcher left
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Lateral Ankle InstabilityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 0 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Edna Rath
- Sponsor type
- US federal agency
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Edna Rath, William Beaumont Army Medical Center
- Investigators
- MAJ Justin D Orr, MD, MC, USA, Principal investigator, Program Director
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02470338
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 404631-1
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 28 May 2015
- Last updated
- 25 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Buchbinder R, Osborne RH, Ebeling PR, Wark JD, Mitchell P, Wriedt C, Graves S, Staples MP, Murphy B. A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures. N Engl J Med. 2009 Aug 6;361(6):557-68. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0900429.
PubMed 19657121DiGiovanni CW, Brodsky A. Current concepts: lateral ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int. 2006 Oct;27(10):854-66. doi: 10.1177/107110070602701019. No abstract available.
PubMed 17054892DIGiovanni BF, Fraga CJ, Cohen BE, Shereff MJ. Associated injuries found in chronic lateral ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int. 2000 Oct;21(10):809-15. doi: 10.1177/107110070002101003.
PubMed 111280104. Kitaoka HB. The Foot and Ankle. Master Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery. 2013. 3rd edition: 515-536. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA.
Komenda GA, Ferkel RD. Arthroscopic findings associated with the unstable ankle. Foot Ankle Int. 1999 Nov;20(11):708-13. doi: 10.1177/107110079902001106.
PubMed 10582846Maffulli N, Ferran NA. Management of acute and chronic ankle instability. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2008 Oct;16(10):608-15. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200810000-00006.
PubMed 18832604Moseley JB, O'Malley K, Petersen NJ, Menke TJ, Brody BA, Kuykendall DH, Hollingsworth JC, Ashton CM, Wray NP. A controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 11;347(2):81-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa013259.
PubMed 12110735O'Neill PJ, Van Aman SE, Guyton GP. Is MRI adequate to detect lesions in patients with ankle instability? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010 Apr;468(4):1115-9. doi: 10.1007/s11999-009-1131-0. Epub 2009 Oct 23.
PubMed 19851818Richardson EG. Orthopaedic Knowledge Update 3. 2004. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Rosemont, IL.
Sihvonen R, Paavola M, Malmivaara A, Itala A, Joukainen A, Nurmi H, Kalske J, Jarvinen TL; Finnish Degenerative Meniscal Lesion Study (FIDELITY) Group. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy versus sham surgery for a degenerative meniscal tear. N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 26;369(26):2515-24. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1305189.
PubMed 24369076van Dijk CN, Bossuyt PM, Marti RK. Medial ankle pain after lateral ligament rupture. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996 Jul;78(4):562-7.
PubMed 8682821
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Modified Brostrӧm Procedure With and Without Diagnostic Arthroscopy for Treatment of Lateral Ankle Instability
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02470338
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 404631-1
- Conditions
- Lateral Ankle Instability
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- WithdrawnReason stopped: Withdrawn as researcher left
- Enrolment
- 0 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Edna RathUS federal agency
- Study start
- Jun 2015
- Primary completion
- Apr 2018 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Jun 2018 (estimated)
- First posted
- 12 Jun 2015 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study is to show that the investigators believe the Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP) can be completed without a routine ankle arthroscopy. Routine ankle arthroscopy, if determined not to be necessary in all cases, is a waste of resources in terms of operating room, surgeon, and staff time as well causing an increase in hospital financial expenses. Most importantly, this procedure is morbid. Ankle arthroscopy forces a patient's foot into distraction for up to one hour, exposes the patient to potentially longer anesthesia exposure that is unnecessary, increases infectious risks, and requires exposure at the portal sites near superficial nerves.
Detailed description
The purpose of this investigation is to determine if ankle arthroscopy is necessary in the treatment of routine ankle instability without evidence of intra-articular pathology on MRI. Our study population will include those individuals whose ankle MRI is inconclusive or negative for intra-articular pathologies, and intra-articular ankle pain is not a predominant presenting symptom. Although it is our current practice at WBAMC not to conduct an ankle arthroscopy on this group of patients, there is a debate in the literature on whether the arthroscopy should be conducted. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the MBP with and without ankle arthroscopy.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| MBP plus ankle arthroscopy (Group A) | Active comparator | Procedure: MBP plus arthroscopy (Group A)Group A will receive a diagnostic ankle arthroscopy followed by the Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP). In the ankle arthroscopy, multiple pictures are taken inside of the joint to note possible pathologic processes (for example - osteochondral lesions of the talus). Ankle arthroscopy involves one incision in the middle of the ankle anteriomedial (middle) incision and one incision on the outside of the ankle. Each incision (a small cut in the skin) is roughly 5mm in length (which is about 0.2 inches). After the incision is made, the participant will receive a diagnostic ankle arthroscopy.If the surgeon detects an abnormality inside the joint, he will operate on the abnormality with the arthroscope according to the generally accepted principles for treating the abnormality. |
| MBP alone (Group B) | Sham comparator | Procedure: MBP alone (Group B)Group B will receive sham skin incisions on the ankle a Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP) alone (that is, there will be no diagnostic ankle arthroscopy) followed by the Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP). If a participant is assigned to Group B, the participant will receive two small superficial skin incisions at the sites where the investigators would normally insert instruments for the ankle arthroscopy. As with Group A, there will be one anteriomedial (middle) incision on the middle of the ankle and one anteriolateral (side) incision to on the outside of the ankle. Each incision will be roughly 5mm in length and 5 mm in depth, but will not violate subcutaneous tissue. The width of these incisions will be the width of the blade, at 1mm. However, unlike Group A, the participants in Group B will not have any instruments inserted into their ankle and will not have any operation to repair or remove damaged tissue. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Able to independently consent for surgery
- Able to demonstrate an understanding of study procedures
- Adult patient 18 years of age or older
- All active duty soldiers, Veterans, dependents
- Ability to comply with study procedures for the entire length of the study
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Unable to obtain medical clearance for surgery
- Recent (1 month) febrile illness that precludes or delays participation
- History of or suspected of drug/alcohol abuse, as these patients may not be compliant with physical therapy. All patients are required to be immobilized for 6 weeks after surgery
- Pregnant women, this is an elective procedure and a MBP or ankle arthroscopy is not typically offered to pregnant women. Screening for pregnancy is done as part of standard of care
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| MBP plus arthroscopy (Group A) | Procedure or surgery | MBP plus ankle arthroscopy (Group A) |
| MBP alone (Group B) | Procedure or surgery | MBP alone (Group B) |
Primary outcome
Talar Tilt Exam
Time frame: Changes in Talar Tilt Exam scores from initial pre-op through the end of study. (Pre- Operative, Day of Surgery, Post-Op Month 3, Post Op Month 6, Post Op Month 12, Post Op Month 24)
the angle formed by the tibial plafond and talar dome is measured as inversion force is applied to the hindfoot at 10-20 degrees of plantarflexion. A tilt of 0-23 degrees is considered normal though most ankles measure 0-5 degrees.
Anterior Drawer Exam
Time frame: Changes in Anterior Drawer Exam scores from initial pre-op through the end of study. (Pre- Operative, Day of Surgery, Post-Op Month 3, Post Op Month 6, Post Op Month 12, Post Op Month 24)
a test in which a patient is seated with the knee flexed, and the tibia is fixed with one hand while the ankle is grasped with the other hand, plantarflexed 10 degrees, and the talus is translated anteriorly under fluoroscopy. The degree of translation in mm is measured. To put this in perspective, a translation of >8mm is considered diagnostic for an anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) tear.
Visual Analog Scale
Time frame: Changes in Visual Analog Scale scores from initial pre-op through the end of study. (Pre- Operative, Day of Surgery, Post-Op Month 3, Post Op Month 6, Post Op Month 12, Post Op Month 24)
a psychometric response scale in which a patient indicates their agreement with a statement along a continuous line. In our case, we will record how satisfied the patient is with their outcome/present post-operative state on a scale of 1-100.
American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society
Time frame: Changes in American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scores from initial pre-op through the end of study. (Pre- Operative, Day of Surgery, Post-Op Month 3, Post Op Month 6, Post Op Month 12, Post Op Month 24)
Hindfoot Score is a subjective outcome scale evaluating pain, function, and alignment
Results and safety
The study was withdrawn before enrolling participants, so there are no results.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Sep 2025.
- Results publication: PubMed 19657121Buchbinder R, Osborne RH, Ebeling PR, Wark JD, Mitchell P, Wriedt C, Graves S, Staples MP, Murphy B. A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures. N Engl J Med. 2009 Aug 6;361(6):557-68. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0900429.
- Results publication: PubMed 17054892DiGiovanni CW, Brodsky A. Current concepts: lateral ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int. 2006 Oct;27(10):854-66. doi: 10.1177/107110070602701019. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 11128010DIGiovanni BF, Fraga CJ, Cohen BE, Shereff MJ. Associated injuries found in chronic lateral ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int. 2000 Oct;21(10):809-15. doi: 10.1177/107110070002101003.
- Results publication4. Kitaoka HB. The Foot and Ankle. Master Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery. 2013. 3rd edition: 515-536. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA.
- Results publication: PubMed 10582846Komenda GA, Ferkel RD. Arthroscopic findings associated with the unstable ankle. Foot Ankle Int. 1999 Nov;20(11):708-13. doi: 10.1177/107110079902001106.
- Results publication: PubMed 18832604Maffulli N, Ferran NA. Management of acute and chronic ankle instability. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2008 Oct;16(10):608-15. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200810000-00006.
- Results publication: PubMed 12110735Moseley JB, O'Malley K, Petersen NJ, Menke TJ, Brody BA, Kuykendall DH, Hollingsworth JC, Ashton CM, Wray NP. A controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 11;347(2):81-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa013259.
- Results publication: PubMed 19851818O'Neill PJ, Van Aman SE, Guyton GP. Is MRI adequate to detect lesions in patients with ankle instability? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010 Apr;468(4):1115-9. doi: 10.1007/s11999-009-1131-0. Epub 2009 Oct 23.
- Results publicationRichardson EG. Orthopaedic Knowledge Update 3. 2004. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Rosemont, IL.
- Results publication: PubMed 24369076Sihvonen R, Paavola M, Malmivaara A, Itala A, Joukainen A, Nurmi H, Kalske J, Jarvinen TL; Finnish Degenerative Meniscal Lesion Study (FIDELITY) Group. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy versus sham surgery for a degenerative meniscal tear. N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 26;369(26):2515-24. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1305189.
- Results publication: PubMed 8682821van Dijk CN, Bossuyt PM, Marti RK. Medial ankle pain after lateral ligament rupture. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996 Jul;78(4):562-7.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
MAJ Justin D Orr, MD, MC, USA principal investigator
Program Director
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing MBP plus arthroscopy (Group A) and MBP alone (Group B) in people with Lateral Ankle Instability, run by Edna Rath at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: withdrawn, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study was withdrawn before enrolling participants, so there are no results.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Talar Tilt Exam (time frame: Changes in Talar Tilt Exam scores from initial pre-op through the end of study. (Pre- Operative, Day of Surgery, Post-Op Month 3, Post Op Month 6, Post Op Month 12, Post Op Month 24)). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02470338, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Sep 2025.