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Hepatitis DPhase 2NCT02511431

Treatment of Chronic Delta Hepatitis With Lonafarnib and Ritonavir

A Phase 2 study testing Lonafarnib and Ritonavir in people with Hepatitis D, run by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Background: Chronic hepatitis D is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). It can be severe and progressive. Most people with hepatitis D will develop scarring and damage to the liver. There is no FDA approved drug to treat chronic hepatitis D. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Hepatitis D
What is being tested?
Lonafarnib and Ritonavir
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
22 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
29 Jul 2015to 23 Feb 2017
Phase
Phase 2
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Age 18 years or above, male or female.
  • Serum alanine or aspartate aminotransferase (ALT or AST) activities above the upper limit of normal (ALT greater than or equal to 20 or AST greater than or equal to 20 U/L in females and ALT greater than or equal to 30 or AST greater than or equal to 30 U/L in males) on an average of three determinations taken during the previous 6 months at the NIH clinical center. The mean of the three determinations will be defined as baseline levels.
  • Presence of anti-HDV in serum.
  • Presence of quantifiable HDV RNA in serum.

Who cannot join

  • Decompensated liver disease, defined by bilirubin >4mg/dL, albumin <3.0 gm/dL, prothrombin time >2 sec prolonged, or history of bleeding esophageal varices, ascites or hepatic encephalopathy. Laboratory abnormalities that are not thought to be due to liver disease may not necessarily require exclusion. Patients with ALT levels greater than 1000 U/L (>25 times ULN) will not be enrolled but may be followed until three determinations are below this level.
  • Pregnancy, active breast-feeding, or inability to practice adequate contraception, in women of childbearing potential or in spouses of such women. Adequate contraception is defined as vasectomy in men, tubal ligation in women, or use of two barrier methods such as condoms and spermicide combination, birth control pills, an intrauterine device, Depo-Provera, or Norplant. In total, the participant and their partner must utilize two forms of contraception and one method must include a barrier method.
  • Significant systemic or major illnesses other than liver disease, including, but not limited to, congestive heart failure, renal failure (eGFR <50 ml/min), organ transplantation, serious psychiatric disease or depression (only if felt to be at high risk by the NIH psychiatric consultation service), and active coronary artery disease.
  • Systemic immunosuppressive therapy within the previous 2 months.
  • Evidence of another form of liver disease in addition to viral hepatitis (for example autoimmune liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, Wilson disease, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (but not steatosis), hemochromatosis, or alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency).
  • Active substance abuse, such as alcohol, inhaled or injection drugs within the previous year.
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  • Evidence of hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • Evidence of concurrent hepatitis C infection with positive serum hepatitis c virus (HCV) RNA.
  • Any experimental therapy or pegylated interferon therapy within 6 months prior to enrollment.
  • Diagnosis of malignancy in the five years prior to the enrollment with exception granted to superficial dermatologic malignancies.
  • Evidence of HIV co-infection; HIV 1/2 viral RNA or antigen on serum testing.
  • Concurrent usage of statins as these drugs inhibits mevalonate synthesis, which reduces protein prenylation.
  • Concurrent usage of moderate and strong cytochrome p450, family 3, subfamily A (CYP3A) inhibitors and inducers.
  • Use of any prescription, nonprescription or natural medicine (herbal) medications unless the use of medication is medically necessary with appropriate monitoring.
  • Concurrent usage of alpha 1 adrenoreceptor antagonist, antiarrhythmic, pimozide, sildenafil, sedative and hypnotics, ergot and St. John s Wort due to possible effect of ritonavir on hepatic metabolism of these drugs resulting in potentially life threatening side effects.
  • Clinically significant baseline EKG abnormalities.
  • Uncontrolled elevated triglycerides.
  • History of pancreatitis as a result of hypertriglyceridemia.
  • Inability to understand or sign informed consent.
  • Any other condition, which in the opinion of the investigators would impede the patient s participation or compliance in the study.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

    Bethesda, Maryland, 20892

Other trials in United States

About this study

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis D is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). It can be severe and progressive. Most people with hepatitis D will develop scarring and damage to the liver. There is no FDA approved drug to treat chronic hepatitis D. Researchers want to know if the drugs lonafarnib and ritonavir can help people with chronic hepatitis D.
Read more

Objective:

  • To find out if treatment of hepatitis D with lonafarnib and ritonavir is safe and effective.

Eligibility:

  • People 18 years of age and older with chronic hepatitis D. They must not have HIV or other major illnesses.

Design:

  • Participants will be screened with medical history, physical exams, and blood tests.
  • Participants will have 24 weeks of treatment. They will then have 24 weeks of follow-up.
  • Participants will be in 1 of 6 treatment groups. Those in each group will receive different doses of the study drugs. Some groups will start with placebo but will receive treatment after 3 months of placebo.
  • Participants will also take drugs to treat hepatitis B.
  • Participants will have many visits. These will include:
  • One three-day stay at the Clinical Center
  • Physical exams
  • EKG: small sticky patches will be put on the chest, arms, and legs to trace heart rhythm
  • Ultrasounds of the abdomen
  • Urine and blood tests
  • Stool samples
  • Eye exams
  • Evaluations by a reproductive endocrinologist (women) or urologist (men). Men may provide a sperm sample (optional).
Read the detailed description

Chronic delta hepatitis is a serious form of chronic liver disease caused by infection with the hepatitis D virus (HDV), a small RNA virus that requires farnesylation of its major structural protein (HDV antigen) for replication. We propose to treat 21 adult patients with chronic delta hepatitis using the combination of the farnesyltransferase inhibitor (FTI) lonafarnib (LNF) and the protease inhibitor ritonavir (RTV). LNF has been shown to decrease serum quantitative HDV RNA in patients with chronic delta hepatitis infection, but dosing is limited by its side effects. RTV inhibits one of the cytochrome P-450 systems that metabolizes LNF leading to higher serum levels of LNF with minimal side effects. In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, there will be six groups of patients; Group 1(4 patients) will receive LNF/RTV 50/100 mg daily for 24 weeks, Group 2 (4 patients) will receive LNF/RTV 75/100mg daily for 24 weeks, Group 3 (4 patients) will receive LNF/RTV 100/100mg daily for 24 weeks, Group 4, 5 and 6 (3 patients for each group) will initially receive placebo for 12 weeks followed by either LNF/RTV 50/100 mg daily (3 patients) or LNF/RTV 75/100mg daily (3 patients) or LNF/RTV 100/100 mg daily (3 patients) for 12 weeks. After dosing, all patients will be monitored for 24 weeks off therapy. Nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy will be instituted during this study to prevent the possibility of hepatitis B virus reactivation/flare; Patients on pre-existing nucleos(t)ide analogues will be continued and patients not on pre-existing therapy will receive either entecavir or tenofovir for 48 weeks. Patients with quantifiable HDV RNA in serum and elevated aminotransferases will be enrolled. Before receiving therapy, patients will be evaluated for at least 3 visits with regular testing for HDV RNA quantitation and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and will undergo Clinical Center admission for medical evaluation, timed blood draws and to start therapy. At each clinic visit, patients will be questioned about side effects, symptoms and quality of life, undergo focused physical examination, and have blood drawn for complete blood counts, HDV RNA, and routine liver tests (including ALT, aspartate aminotransferase , alkaline phosphatase, direct and total bilirubin, and albumin). At the end of the treatment, patients will undergo repeat physical examination, assessment of symptoms (using a symptom scale questionnaire), complete blood counts, routine liver tests, and hepatitis B and D viral markers. The primary therapeutic endpoint will be a decline of HDV RNA viral titer of 2 logs at the end of therapy. The primary safety endpoint will be the ability to tolerate the drugs at the prescribed dose for the full course of therapy. Several secondary endpoints will be measured, including side effects, ALT levels, maintained virological response, undetectable HDV RNA in the serum, loss of HBsAg and symptoms. Therapy will be stopped for intolerance to lonafarnib and/or ritonavir (which will be carefully defined). This clinical trial is designed as a phase 2a study assessing the antiviral activity, safety and tolerance of three different doses of lonafarnib and ritonavir.

Conditions
Hepatitis D
Being tested
Lonafarnib, Ritonavir, Placebo
Keywords
Delta Hepatitis, Hepatitis D, Liver Disease, Hepatitis D Virus, Chronic Hepatitis
Medical subject headings
Hepatitis D, Liver Diseases, Hepatitis, Chronic

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • LonafarnibDrug

    prenylation inhibitor to be administered daily at doses of 50 mg, 75 mg or 100 mg.

  • RitonavirDrug

    FDA approved drug for use of boosting other drugs. Will be used to boost Lonafarnib as they both use the same cytochrome P450 system. Will be administered at 100 mg daily.

  • PlaceboOther

    Placebo

Study groups in NCT02511431
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Group 1ExperimentalLonafarnib/Ritonavir at 50 mg/100 mg daily for 24 weeks followed by 24 weeks of off therapy follow-up.
Receives: Drug: Lonafarnib; Drug: Ritonavir
Group 2ExperimentalLonafarnib/Ritonavir at 75 mg/100 mg daily for 24 weeks followed by 24 weeks of off therapy follow-up.
Receives: Drug: Lonafarnib; Drug: Ritonavir
Group 3ExperimentalLonafarnib/Ritonavir at 100 mg/100 mg daily for 24 weeks followed by 24 weeks of off therapy follow-up.
Receives: Drug: Lonafarnib; Drug: Ritonavir
Group 4ExperimentalPlacebo for 12 weeks then Lonafarnib/Ritonavir at 50 mg/100 mg daily for 12 weeks followed by 24 weeks of off therapy follow-up.
Receives: Drug: Lonafarnib; Drug: Ritonavir; Other: Placebo
Group 5ExperimentalPlacebo for 12 weeks then Lonafarnib/Ritonavir at 75 mg/100 mg daily for 12 weeks followed by 24 weeks of off therapy follow-up.
Receives: Drug: Lonafarnib; Drug: Ritonavir; Other: Placebo
Group 6ExperimentalPlacebo for 12 weeks then Lonafarnib/Ritonavir at 100 mg/100 mg daily for 12 weeks followed by 24 weeks of off therapy follow-up.
Receives: Drug: Lonafarnib; Drug: Ritonavir; Other: Placebo

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Number of Participants With Decline of Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) RNA Quantitative Measurements of >2 Logs From Baseline at 12 Weeks of Treatment

    The number of participants who experienced a > 2 log IU/mL decline in serum HDV RNA at 12 weeks of treatment

    Measured: 12 weeks

  2. Number of Participants With Decline of HDV RNA Quantitative Measurement of > 2 Logs From Baseline at 24 Weeks of Treatment

    The number of participants who experienced a > 2 log IU/mL decline in serum HDV RNA levels at 24 weeks of treatment

    Measured: 24 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted30 Jul 2015 (estimated)
  2. Study start29 Jul 2015
  3. Primary completion23 Feb 2017
  4. Study completion23 Feb 2017

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Triple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Care provider, Investigator
Enrolment
22 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT02511431
Sponsor's protocol ID
150170
Other IDs
15-DK-0170
Status last verified
23 Feb 2017
First submitted
29 Jul 2015
Last updated
25 Sep 2018
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Kefalakes H, Koh C, Sidney J, Amanakis G, Sette A, Heller T, Rehermann B. Hepatitis D Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells Have a Memory-Like Phenotype Associated With Viral Immune Escape in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis D Virus Infection. Gastroenterology. 2019 May;156(6):1805-1819.e9. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.01.035. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

    PubMed 30664876

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2 study testing Lonafarnib and Ritonavir in people with Hepatitis D, run by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 20 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Sep 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 24 May 2018). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Number of Participants With Decline of Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) RNA Quantitative Measurements of >2 Logs From Baseline at 12 Weeks of Treatment (time frame: 12 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02511431, which also lists 1 linked publication.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Sep 2018.

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