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Myocardial InfarctionSMART-MINCT02594488

Implantable Cardiac Monitors in High-Risk Post-Infarction Patients With Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction

A study testing Medtronic Reveal LINQ implantable cardiac monitor in people with Myocardial Infarction and Autonomic Nervous System Diseases, run by LMU Klinikum at 32 sites in 2 countries.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The majority of deaths after myocardial infarction occurs in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (>35%) for whom no prophylactic strategies exist. Periodic Repolarization Dynamics (PRD) and Deceleration Capacity (DC) of heart rate are autonomic risk markers that identify a new high risk group of… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 80 years
What is being tested?
Medtronic Reveal LINQ implantable cardiac monitor
Type of treatment
Medical device
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
400 participants
Where
32 sitesin 2 countries
Study dates
6 May 2016to Feb 2021
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 80 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Acute myocardial infarction <40 days
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction 36-50%
  • Presence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction by means of abnormal periodic repolarization dynamics and/or abnormal deceleration capacity
  • Age 18-80 years
  • Sinus rhythm
  • Optimal medical therapy

Who cannot join

  • ICD or pacemaker indication
  • Known paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation
  • Life expectancy < 12 months
  • Inability to comply with follow-up
  • Pregnancy
  • Participation in another trial that may interfere

Trial locations and contacts

32 sites in 2 countries.

32 sites in 2 countries

Germany31 sites
  • Universtitätsklinikum der RWTH Aachen, Medizinische Klinik I

    Aachen, 52074

  • Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Kardiologie, Charite, Campus Benjamin Franklin

    Berlin, 12200

  • Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Kardiologie, Charite, Campus Virchow Kinikum

    Berlin, 13353

  • Klinik Höhenried, Rehabilitationszentrum am Starnberger See

    Bernried, 82347

  • Herzzentrum Dresden, Univeristätsklinik an der TU Dresden

    Dresden, 01307

  • Universitätklinikum Essen, Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie

    Essen, 45122

  • Kliniken Ostallgäu-Kaufbeuren, Klinik Füssen

    Füssen, 87629

  • Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Klinikum für Kardiologie und Pneumologie

    Göttingen

  • Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik für Innere Medizin B

    Greifswald, 17475

  • Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Abteilung für Kardiologie

    Hamburg, 20099

  • Universitäres Herzzentrum Hamburg GmbH

    Hamburg, 20251

  • Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg

    Heidelberg, 69120

  • Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Medizinische Klinik III

    Homburg, Saarland, 66421

  • Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Medizinische Klinik IV

    Karlsruhe, Baden-Wurttemberg, 76133

  • Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Klinik für Innere Medizin III

    Kiel, 24105

  • Universitätsklinikum Leipzig

    Leipzig, 04103

  • Leipzig Heart Institute GmbH

    Leipzig, 04289

  • Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II

    Lübeck, 23538

  • Universitätsmedizin Mainz

    Mainz, 55131

  • Universitätsklinikum Mannheim

    Mannheim, 68167

  • Technische Universität München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I

    München, Bavaria, 81675

  • Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen

    München, 80636

  • Klinikum Neuperlach, Städtisches Klinikum München GmbH

    München, 81737

  • Klinikum der Universität München

    Munich, Bavaria, 81377

  • Universitätsklinikum Münster

    Münster, 48149

  • Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Klinikum Nürnberg

    Nuremberg, 90471

  • Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II

    Regensburg, Bavaria, 93053

  • Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Medizinische Klinik III

    Tübingen, Baden-Wurttemberg, 72076

  • Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG, Klinikum Weiden

    Weiden, 92637

  • St. Josefs-Hospital Wiesbaden

    Wiesbaden, 65189

  • HELIOS Herzzentrum Wuppertal, Klinik für Kardiologie

    Wuppertal, North Rhine-Westphalia, 42117

Other trials in Germany

Austria1 site
  • Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III

    Innsbruck, 6020

Other trials in Austria

About this study

Official title: Implantable Cardiac Monitors in High-risk Post-infarction Patients With Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction and Moderately Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

The majority of deaths after myocardial infarction occurs in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (>35%) for whom no prophylactic strategies exist. Periodic Repolarization Dynamics (PRD) and Deceleration Capacity (DC) of heart rate are autonomic risk markers that identify a new high risk group of patients with LVEF 35-50% who have the same poor prognosis as patients with LVEF ≤35%.

In SMART-MI, post-infarction patients with LVEF 35-50% and abnormal PRD and/or DC will be randomly assigned to biomonitoring-guided therapy or conventional follow-up.

Read the detailed description

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the most common single cause of death in the industrialized world. Patients after myocardial infarction (MI) are at increased risk of SCD. Current guidelines recommend prophylactic ICD-implantation in post-MI patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≤35%). However, the majority of arrhythmic deaths after MI occurs in patients with LVEF >35% in whom no specific prophylactic strategies exist, indicating an important unmet medical need.

There is a large body of evidence that presence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction after MI is associated with an increased susceptibility to malignant brady- and tachyarrhythmias eventually culminating in SCD. Periodic repolarization dynamics (PRD) and heart rate deceleration capacity (DC) are clinically validated autonomic risk markers that provide strong and independent prognostic information in post-MI patients with LVEF >35%. PRD and DC reflect different facets of autonomic function and can therefore be used in combination to predict risk. Previous studies demonstrated that combined assessment of PRD and DC identifies a new high-risk group among post-MI patients with moderately reduced LVEF (36-50%). This new high-risk group has similar characteristics with respect to prognosis and patient numbers as the established high-risk group identified by LVEF ≤35%.

However, the exact mechanisms leading to death in this new high-risk group need to be investigated in order to develop specific preventive strategies. As known from studies with implantable cardiac monitors (ICM) in post-MI patients with LVEF ≤40% eventual death is often preceded by primarily asymptomatic serious arrhythmic events. These data suggest a potential time frame for pre-emptive interventions in case of arrhythmic events, which could improve outcome.

Therefore, SMART-MI will assess the occurrence and prognostic implications of serious arrhythmic events in this newly identified high-risk group by remote monitoring with ICM. Survivors of acute MI (<40 days) and LVEF 36-50% undergo autonomic testing for presence of abnormal PRD and/or DC. Those with autonomic dysfunction will be randomly assigned to ICM-implantation or conventional follow-up. Superiority of ICMs in detection of predefined serious arrhythmic events will be tested based on a time-to-event analysis. A central ICM core lab will be implemented allowing for a response to arrhythmias within 48h. The effect of remote monitoring on clinical outcomes will be tested as secondary endpoints. The study will provide the rationale for a future guideline-relevant study testing prophylactic therapies in this newly identified high-risk group.

Being tested
Medtronic Reveal LINQ implantable cardiac monitor
Keywords
Myocardial infarction, Autonomic nervous system, Risk stratification, Implantable cardiac monitor, Sudden cardiac death, ECG
Medical subject headings
Myocardial Infarction, Autonomic Nervous System Diseases, Death, Sudden, Cardiac

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Medtronic Reveal LINQ implantable cardiac monitorDevice

    The implantable cardiac monitor is implanted under the skin in the region of the thorax. It continuously monitors the heart's electrical activity for up to three years. Predefined arrhythmias are daily transmitted to a central core lab. In case of arrhythmias, specific guideline-based treatment is initiated within 48h.

Study groups in NCT02594488
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Remote monitoringActive comparatorRemote cardiac monitoring by the Reveal® LINQ implantable cardiac monitor
Receives: Device: Medtronic Reveal LINQ implantable cardiac monitor
Control armNo interventionFollow-up at the same frequency, but with no implantable cardiac monitor

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Detection of serious arrhythmic events

    Time to detection of one of the following serious arrhythmic events: atrial fibrillation ≥6 min, higher degree AV-block ≥ IIb, ventricular tachycardia with a cycle length ≤320ms lasting for ≥12 sec (corresponding to 40 beats), sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation

    Measured: 18 months

Secondary outcomes (9)
  1. Composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, systemic arterial thromboembolism and unplanned hospitalizations for decompensated heart failure

    Time to one of following clinical events: death, stroke, systemic arterial thromboembolism and unplanned hospitalization for decompensated heart failure

    Measured: 18 months

  2. All cause mortality

    Time to death

    Measured: 18 months

  3. Cardiovascular mortality

    Time to cardiovascular death

    Measured: 18 months

  4. Unplanned hospitalizations for decompensated heart failure

    Time to unplanned hospitalizations for decompensated heart failure

    Measured: 18 months

  5. Sinus arrest >6sec

    Time to detection of sinus arrest >6sec

    Measured: 18 months

  6. Atrial fibrillation ≥6 min

    Time to detection of atrial fibrillation ≥6 min

    Measured: 18 months

  7. Higher degree AV-block ≥ IIb

    Time to detection of higher degree AV-block ≥ IIb

    Measured: 18 months

  8. Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia

    Time to detection of ventricular tachycardia with a cycle length ≤320ms lasting for ≥12 sec

    Measured: 18 months

  9. Sustained ventricular tachycardia / ventricular fibrillation

    Time to detection of sustained ventricular tachycardia / ventricular fibrillation

    Measured: 18 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted3 Nov 2015 (estimated)
  2. Study start6 May 2016
  3. Primary completionFeb 2021
  4. Study completionFeb 2021

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Diagnosis
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
400 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT02594488
Sponsor's protocol ID
118-15
Acronym
SMART-MI
Status last verified
Jun 2021
First submitted
31 Oct 2015
Last updated
23 Jun 2021
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes

Publications

  • Rizas KD, Nieminen T, Barthel P, Zurn CS, Kahonen M, Viik J, Lehtimaki T, Nikus K, Eick C, Greiner TO, Wendel HP, Seizer P, Schreieck J, Gawaz M, Schmidt G, Bauer A. Sympathetic activity-associated periodic repolarization dynamics predict mortality following myocardial infarction. J Clin Invest. 2014 Apr;124(4):1770-80. doi: 10.1172/JCI70085. Epub 2014 Mar 18.

    PubMed 24642467
  • Bauer A, Kantelhardt JW, Barthel P, Schneider R, Makikallio T, Ulm K, Hnatkova K, Schomig A, Huikuri H, Bunde A, Malik M, Schmidt G. Deceleration capacity of heart rate as a predictor of mortality after myocardial infarction: cohort study. Lancet. 2006 May 20;367(9523):1674-81. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68735-7.

    PubMed 16714188
  • Bauer A, Sappler N, von Stulpnagel L, Klemm M, Schreinlechner M, Wenner F, Schier J, Al Tawil A, Dolejsi T, Krasniqi A, Eiffener E, Bongarth C, Stuhlinger M, Huemer M, Gori T, Wakili R, Sahin R, Schwinger R, Lutz M, Luik A, Gessler N, Clemmensen P, Linke A, Maier LS, Hinterseer M, Busch MC, Blaschke F, Sack S, Lennerz C, Licka M, Tilz RR, Ukena C, Ehrlich JR, Zabel M, Schmidt G, Mansmann U, Kaab S, Rizas KD, Massberg S; SMART-MI-DZHK9 investigators. Telemedical cardiac risk assessment by implantable cardiac monitors in patients after myocardial infarction with autonomic dysfunction (SMART-MI-DZHK9): a prospective investigator-initiated, randomised, multicentre, open-label, diagnostic trial. Lancet Digit Health. 2022 Feb;4(2):e105-e116. doi: 10.1016/S2589-7500(21)00253-3.

    PubMed 35090674
  • Hamm W, Rizas KD, Stulpnagel LV, Vdovin N, Massberg S, Kaab S, Bauer A. Implantable cardiac monitors in high-risk post-infarction patients with cardiac autonomic dysfunction and moderately reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: Design and rationale of the SMART-MI trial. Am Heart J. 2017 Aug;190:34-39. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.05.006. Epub 2017 May 19.

    PubMed 28760211
  • Rizas KD, Hamm W, Kaab S, Schmidt G, Bauer A. Periodic Repolarisation Dynamics: A Natural Probe of the Ventricular Response to Sympathetic Activation. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev. 2016 May;5(1):31-6. doi: 10.15420/aer.2015:30:2.

    PubMed 27403291

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Medtronic Reveal LINQ implantable cardiac monitor in people with Myocardial Infarction and Autonomic Nervous System Diseases, run by LMU Klinikum at 32 sites in 2 countries.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Jun 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 32 sites in Germany, Austria. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Detection of serious arrhythmic events (time frame: 18 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02594488, which also lists 5 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Jun 2021.

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