Healthy VolunteersPhase 2ESAANCT02624336
Evaluation of Synergistic Anti-plaque Activity of Salvadora Persica L. and Green Tea: A Clinical Comparative Study
A Phase 2 study testing DTC1, Oradex and Distilled water in people with Healthy Volunteers, run by University of Malaya.
Trial summary
Accumulation of dental plaque may result in negative effects on the tooth and tooth supporting periodontal tissue. In addition, it contributes to the development of caries and periodontal diseases. Therefore, an effective dental plaque control is essential for maintaining good oral hygiene. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 25 to 40 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy Volunteers
- What is being tested?
- DTC1, Oradex and Distilled water
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 14 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- Feb 2015to Jun 2015
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 25 to 40 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Participants should be medically healthy.
- Participants should have more than 20 teeth.
Who cannot join
- Participants who have active cavity caries and/or periodontal disease.
- Participants who have ongoing orthodontic treatment.
- Participants who have been on antibiotics within the past 4 months.
- Participants who require prophylactic antibiotic coverage.
- Participants who have been on systemic or topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 4 months.
- Participants who are pregnant or intended to and lactating mother.
- Participants who have heart valve replacement and have known intolerance or allergy to mouth rinses.
- Participants who have any systemic disease.
About this study
Accumulation of dental plaque may result in negative effects on the tooth and tooth supporting periodontal tissue. In addition, it contributes to the development of caries and periodontal diseases. Therefore, an effective dental plaque control is essential for maintaining good oral hygiene. Mechanical plaque control has its limitation thus chemical plaque control may be used as an adjunct in dental plaque control. Various types of medicinal plants can be utilized as stable, safe and biologically active plant-derived galenicals as alternative to synthetic mouth wash. Among these plants, Salvadora persica L. (Sp) root sticks and green tea (Gt) aqueous extracts were reported to have anti-microbial activity against many oral bacteria. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the combination of Gt aqueous extract and Sp aqueous extract as a synergistic anti-bacterial and anti-adherence efficacy against primary plaque colonizers.
Read the detailed description
Dental plaque is the soft deposits that form the biofilm adhering to the tooth surface or other hard surfaces inside oral cavity, including removable and fixed restoration. The dental plaque is composed of over 500 bacterial species. The colonization of these bacteria follows a special pattern starting by adhesion of initial bacterial colonizers to the salivary pellicles covering tooth enamel and other hard surfaces in the oral cavity followed by secondary colonization of follower bacteria through inter-bacterial adhesion leading to dental plaque maturation.
Periodontal health can be considered to be in a state of balance when the bacterial mass presents in the host oral cavity and causes no damage to either the bacteria or the host periodontal tissues. Any disruption of this balance results in alterations in both the host periodontal and biofilm bacteria and leads ultimately to destruction of the periodontium. Accumulation of dental plaque may lead to several harmful effects on the tooth and tooth supporting periodontal tissue that contributes to the development of caries and periodontal diseases. Therefore, an effective dental plaque control is essential for maintaining good oral hygiene.
Mechanical plaque control, by using toothbrushes and interdental aids, is the mostly adopted method. Unfortunately, it is a time consuming process and needs high manual dexterity. Moreover, epidemiological studies revealed high prevalence of gingivitis among toothbrush users. Hence, chemical plaque control may be used to assist in dental plaque control.
The anti-plaque agent is that agent that interferes with one of the different phases of dental plaque development: interferes with the adhesion of oral bacteria to oral surfaces and prevent biofilm formation; interferes with co-aggregation mechanism which thereby prevents future growth of micro-colonies; or removes or disrupts existing dental plaque. To date, chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash is the standard solution used in chemical plaque control, but it was found to have several side effects including tooth and some restorations staining, unpleasant test, sloughing of oral mucosa and enhancement of supra-gingival calculus formation.
The widely available traditional natural medicinal plants can be utilized as stable, safe and biologically active plant-derived galenicals as alternative to synthetic drugs. Among these plants, Salvadora persica L. (Sp) root sticks and green tea (Gt), leafs of Camellia sinensis. Kuntze, aqueous extracts were reported to have anti-microbial activity against many oral bacteria. In our in vitro study, we found that the combination (Co.) of 0.25mg Gt aqueous extract and 7.82mg Sp aqueous extract in 1ml exhibited significant synergistic anti-bacterial and anti-adherence efficacy against primary plaque colonizers.
The dental plaque is classified into two categories, supra-gingival plaque and sub-gingival plaque, in relation to gingival margin. The supra-gingival dental plaque may be readily visualized on teeth after 24 to 48 hours with no oral hygiene measures and it appears white, grayish, or yellow in color and has a globular appearance.
Supra-gingival plaque accumulation on tooth surfaces can be quantified through different plaque index systems. In this study, the clinical parameter to record plaque quantity was modified Quigely Hein Plaque Index. In this index, a score of 0 to 5 was assigned for each facial and lingual (palatal) surface of all teeth except the third molars.
- Conditions
- Healthy Volunteers
- Being tested
- DTC1, Oradex, Distilled water
- Keywords
- periodontal disease, caries
- Medical subject headings
- Periodontal Diseases
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
DTC1Other
15ml DTC1 twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min
OradexOther
Also called CHX
15ml Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12% (w/v) twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min
Distilled waterOther
15ml distilled water twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| DTC1 mouth wash | Active comparator | 15ml twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min Receives: Other: DTC1 |
| Oradex mouth wash | Placebo comparator | 15ml twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min Receives: Other: Oradex |
| Distilled water | Placebo comparator | 15ml twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min Receives: Other: Distilled water |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Mean amount plaque between different DTC1 and placebo comparators i.e. Oradex and distilled water, as anti-plaque agent following 24 hrs plaque regrowth clinical trial by means of modified Quigely Hein Plaque Index [Turesky, 1970].
Measured: 24 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Dec 2015 (estimated)
- Study startFeb 2015
- Primary completionJun 2015
- Study completionJun 2015
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (16)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Healthy VolunteersStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of MalayaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 14 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Malaya
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Nor_Adinar Baharuddin, DClinDent, Principal investigator, University of Malaya
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02624336
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 101269-2
- Acronym
- ESAA
- Status last verified
- Dec 2015
- First submitted
- 3 Dec 2015
- Last updated
- 8 Dec 2015
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Addy M, Moran J, Newcombe R, Warren P. The comparative tea staining potential of phenolic, chlorhexidine and anti-adhesive mouthrinses. J Clin Periodontol. 1995 Dec;22(12):923-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1995.tb01796.x.
PubMed 8613560Allison DG, Gilbert P. Modification by surface association of antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial populations. J Ind Microbiol. 1995 Oct;15(4):311-7. doi: 10.1007/BF01569985.
PubMed 8605070Baehni PC, Takeuchi Y. Anti-plaque agents in the prevention of biofilm-associated oral diseases. Oral Dis. 2003;9 Suppl 1:23-9. doi: 10.1034/j.1601-0825.9.s1.5.x.
PubMed 12974527Chelli-Chentouf N, Tir Touil Meddah A, Mullie C, Aoues A, Meddah B. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of Algerian Hoggar Salvadora persica L. extracts against microbial strains from children's oral cavity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Oct 31;144(1):57-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.08.025. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
PubMed 22963838Dhar V, Jain A, Van Dyke TE, Kohli A. Prevalence of gingival diseases, malocclusion and fluorosis in school-going children of rural areas in Udaipur district. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007 Apr-Jun;25(2):103-5. doi: 10.4103/0970-4388.33458.
PubMed 17660647Farnsworth NR, Akerele O, Bingel AS, Soejarto DD, Guo Z. Medicinal plants in therapy. Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63(6):965-81.
PubMed 3879679Hellden L, Camosci D, Hock J, Tinanoff N. Clinical study to compare the effect of stannous fluoride and chlorhexidine mouthrinses on plaque formation. J Clin Periodontol. 1981 Feb;8(1):12-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1981.tb02019.x.
PubMed 7019266Ismail AI, Szpunar SM. The prevalence of total tooth loss, dental caries, and periodontal disease among Mexican Americans, Cuban Americans, and Puerto Ricans: findings from HHANES 1982-1984. Am J Public Health. 1990 Dec;80 Suppl(Suppl):66-70. doi: 10.2105/ajph.80.suppl.66.
PubMed 9187585Manganiello AD, Socransky SS, Smith C, Propas D, Oram V, Dogon IL. Attempts to increase viable count recovery of human supragingival dental plaque. J Periodontal Res. 1977 Mar;12(2):107-19. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00113.x. No abstract available.
PubMed 138728Rosan B, Lamont RJ. Dental plaque formation. Microbes Infect. 2000 Nov;2(13):1599-607. doi: 10.1016/s1286-4579(00)01316-2.
PubMed 11113379Sofrata A, Brito F, Al-Otaibi M, Gustafsson A. Short term clinical effect of active and inactive Salvadora persica miswak on dental plaque and gingivitis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Oct 11;137(3):1130-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.034. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
PubMed 21798329Sofrata A, Santangelo EM, Azeem M, Borg-Karlson AK, Gustafsson A, Putsep K. Benzyl isothiocyanate, a major component from the roots of Salvadora persica is highly active against Gram-negative bacteria. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23045. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023045. Epub 2011 Aug 1.
PubMed 21829688Teles RP, Teles FR. Antimicrobial agents used in the control of periodontal biofilms: effective adjuncts to mechanical plaque control? Braz Oral Res. 2009;23 Suppl 1:39-48. doi: 10.1590/s1806-83242009000500007.
PubMed 19838557Tsai TH, Tsai TH, Chien YC, Lee CW, Tsai PJ. In vitro antimicrobial activities against cariogenic streptococci and their antioxidant capacities: A comparative study of green tea versus different herbs. Food Chem. 2008 Oct 15;110(4):859-64. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.085. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
PubMed 26047271Turesky S, Gilmore ND, Glickman I. Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue of victamine C. J Periodontol. 1970 Jan;41(1):41-3. doi: 10.1902/jop.1970.41.41.41. No abstract available.
PubMed 5264376
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Dec 2015. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Evaluation of Synergistic Anti-plaque Activity of Salvadora Persica L. and Green Tea: A Clinical Comparative Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02624336
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- ESAA / 101269-2
- Conditions
- Healthy Volunteers
- Keywords
- periodontal disease, caries
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 14 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of MalayaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Feb 2015
- Primary completion
- Jun 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jun 2015 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Dec 2015 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Accumulation of dental plaque may result in negative effects on the tooth and tooth supporting periodontal tissue. In addition, it contributes to the development of caries and periodontal diseases. Therefore, an effective dental plaque control is essential for maintaining good oral hygiene. Mechanical plaque control has its limitation thus chemical plaque control may be used as an adjunct in dental plaque control. Various types of medicinal plants can be utilized as stable, safe and biologically active plant-derived galenicals as alternative to synthetic mouth wash. Among these plants, Salvadora persica L. (Sp) root sticks and green tea (Gt) aqueous extracts were reported to have anti-microbial activity against many oral bacteria. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the combination of Gt aqueous extract and Sp aqueous extract as a synergistic anti-bacterial and anti-adherence efficacy against primary plaque colonizers.
Detailed description
Dental plaque is the soft deposits that form the biofilm adhering to the tooth surface or other hard surfaces inside oral cavity, including removable and fixed restoration. The dental plaque is composed of over 500 bacterial species. The colonization of these bacteria follows a special pattern starting by adhesion of initial bacterial colonizers to the salivary pellicles covering tooth enamel and other hard surfaces in the oral cavity followed by secondary colonization of follower bacteria through inter-bacterial adhesion leading to dental plaque maturation.
Periodontal health can be considered to be in a state of balance when the bacterial mass presents in the host oral cavity and causes no damage to either the bacteria or the host periodontal tissues. Any disruption of this balance results in alterations in both the host periodontal and biofilm bacteria and leads ultimately to destruction of the periodontium. Accumulation of dental plaque may lead to several harmful effects on the tooth and tooth supporting periodontal tissue that contributes to the development of caries and periodontal diseases. Therefore, an effective dental plaque control is essential for maintaining good oral hygiene.
Mechanical plaque control, by using toothbrushes and interdental aids, is the mostly adopted method. Unfortunately, it is a time consuming process and needs high manual dexterity. Moreover, epidemiological studies revealed high prevalence of gingivitis among toothbrush users. Hence, chemical plaque control may be used to assist in dental plaque control.
The anti-plaque agent is that agent that interferes with one of the different phases of dental plaque development: interferes with the adhesion of oral bacteria to oral surfaces and prevent biofilm formation; interferes with co-aggregation mechanism which thereby prevents future growth of micro-colonies; or removes or disrupts existing dental plaque. To date, chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash is the standard solution used in chemical plaque control, but it was found to have several side effects including tooth and some restorations staining, unpleasant test, sloughing of oral mucosa and enhancement of supra-gingival calculus formation.
The widely available traditional natural medicinal plants can be utilized as stable, safe and biologically active plant-derived galenicals as alternative to synthetic drugs. Among these plants, Salvadora persica L. (Sp) root sticks and green tea (Gt), leafs of Camellia sinensis. Kuntze, aqueous extracts were reported to have anti-microbial activity against many oral bacteria. In our in vitro study, we found that the combination (Co.) of 0.25mg Gt aqueous extract and 7.82mg Sp aqueous extract in 1ml exhibited significant synergistic anti-bacterial and anti-adherence efficacy against primary plaque colonizers.
The dental plaque is classified into two categories, supra-gingival plaque and sub-gingival plaque, in relation to gingival margin. The supra-gingival dental plaque may be readily visualized on teeth after 24 to 48 hours with no oral hygiene measures and it appears white, grayish, or yellow in color and has a globular appearance.
Supra-gingival plaque accumulation on tooth surfaces can be quantified through different plaque index systems. In this study, the clinical parameter to record plaque quantity was modified Quigely Hein Plaque Index. In this index, a score of 0 to 5 was assigned for each facial and lingual (palatal) surface of all teeth except the third molars.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| DTC1 mouth wash | Active comparator | Other: DTC115ml twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min |
| Oradex mouth wash | Placebo comparator | Other: Oradex15ml twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min |
| Distilled water | Placebo comparator | Other: Distilled water15ml twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 25 to 40 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Participants should be medically healthy.
- Participants should have more than 20 teeth.
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Participants who have active cavity caries and/or periodontal disease.
- Participants who have ongoing orthodontic treatment.
- Participants who have been on antibiotics within the past 4 months.
- Participants who require prophylactic antibiotic coverage.
- Participants who have been on systemic or topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 4 months.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| DTC115ml DTC1 twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min | Other | DTC1 mouth wash |
| OradexAlso: CHX15ml Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12% (w/v) twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min | Other | Oradex mouth wash |
| Distilled water15ml distilled water twice a day, rinse for 30sec refrain from eating or drinking for 30min | Other | Distilled water |
Primary outcome
Mean amount plaque between different DTC1 and placebo comparators i.e. Oradex and distilled water, as anti-plaque agent following 24 hrs plaque regrowth clinical trial by means of modified Quigely Hein Plaque Index [Turesky, 1970].
Time frame: 24 hours
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Dec 2015.
- Background: PubMed 8613560Addy M, Moran J, Newcombe R, Warren P. The comparative tea staining potential of phenolic, chlorhexidine and anti-adhesive mouthrinses. J Clin Periodontol. 1995 Dec;22(12):923-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1995.tb01796.x.
- Background: PubMed 8605070Allison DG, Gilbert P. Modification by surface association of antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial populations. J Ind Microbiol. 1995 Oct;15(4):311-7. doi: 10.1007/BF01569985.
- Background: PubMed 12974527Baehni PC, Takeuchi Y. Anti-plaque agents in the prevention of biofilm-associated oral diseases. Oral Dis. 2003;9 Suppl 1:23-9. doi: 10.1034/j.1601-0825.9.s1.5.x.
- Background: PubMed 22963838Chelli-Chentouf N, Tir Touil Meddah A, Mullie C, Aoues A, Meddah B. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of Algerian Hoggar Salvadora persica L. extracts against microbial strains from children's oral cavity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Oct 31;144(1):57-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.08.025. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
- Background: PubMed 17660647Dhar V, Jain A, Van Dyke TE, Kohli A. Prevalence of gingival diseases, malocclusion and fluorosis in school-going children of rural areas in Udaipur district. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007 Apr-Jun;25(2):103-5. doi: 10.4103/0970-4388.33458.
- Background: PubMed 3879679Farnsworth NR, Akerele O, Bingel AS, Soejarto DD, Guo Z. Medicinal plants in therapy. Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63(6):965-81.
- Background: PubMed 7019266Hellden L, Camosci D, Hock J, Tinanoff N. Clinical study to compare the effect of stannous fluoride and chlorhexidine mouthrinses on plaque formation. J Clin Periodontol. 1981 Feb;8(1):12-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1981.tb02019.x.
- Background: PubMed 9187585Ismail AI, Szpunar SM. The prevalence of total tooth loss, dental caries, and periodontal disease among Mexican Americans, Cuban Americans, and Puerto Ricans: findings from HHANES 1982-1984. Am J Public Health. 1990 Dec;80 Suppl(Suppl):66-70. doi: 10.2105/ajph.80.suppl.66.
- Background: PubMed 138728Manganiello AD, Socransky SS, Smith C, Propas D, Oram V, Dogon IL. Attempts to increase viable count recovery of human supragingival dental plaque. J Periodontal Res. 1977 Mar;12(2):107-19. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1977.tb00113.x. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 11113379Rosan B, Lamont RJ. Dental plaque formation. Microbes Infect. 2000 Nov;2(13):1599-607. doi: 10.1016/s1286-4579(00)01316-2.
- Background: PubMed 21798329Sofrata A, Brito F, Al-Otaibi M, Gustafsson A. Short term clinical effect of active and inactive Salvadora persica miswak on dental plaque and gingivitis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Oct 11;137(3):1130-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.034. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
- Background: PubMed 21829688Sofrata A, Santangelo EM, Azeem M, Borg-Karlson AK, Gustafsson A, Putsep K. Benzyl isothiocyanate, a major component from the roots of Salvadora persica is highly active against Gram-negative bacteria. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23045. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023045. Epub 2011 Aug 1.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Screening Protocol
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Nor_Adinar Baharuddin, DClinDent principal investigator
University of Malaya
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing DTC1, Oradex and Distilled water in people with Healthy Volunteers, run by University of Malaya.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Dec 2015. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Mean amount plaque between different DTC1 and placebo comparators i.e. Oradex and distilled water, as anti-plaque agent following 24 hrs plaque regrowth clinical trial by means of modified Quigely Hein Plaque Index [Turesky, 1970]. (time frame: 24 hours). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02624336, which also lists 16 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Dec 2015.