AneurysmPhase 1/2NCT02638701
Infliximab Therapy for Dolichoectactic Vertebrobasilar Aneurysms
A Phase 1/2 study testing Infliximab in people with Aneurysm and Stroke, run by University of California, San Francisco at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Patients harboring dolichoectactic vertebrobasilar (DVB) aneurysms are at risk of suffering SAH, ischemic stroke, and/or brainstem compression and many patients are not offered invasive treatment due to the futility of existing surgical methods. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Aneurysm, Stroke, Vasculitis
- What is being tested?
- Infliximab
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 8 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Oct 2024to Dec 2028
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Vertebral and/or basilar artery dolichoectactic aneurysm not amenable to microsurgical or endovascular treatment.
- Age greater than 18 years at time of first study drug administration.
Who cannot join
- Use of an anti-TNF or other biologic medication (Including but not limited to abatacept, rituximab, or tocilizumab) within the previous 12 months.
- The following laboratory parameters at the Screening visit: Neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 1,500/microliter; Thrombocytopenia (platelets < 100,000/ • Anemia (hemoglobin < 8 g/dL); Greater than or equal to 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) for either of the following liver function tests (LFTs): aspartate transaminase (AST) or alanine transaminase (ALT); Renal insufficiency (serum creatinine> 2.0 mg/dL)
- Purified protein derivative (PPD) test of > 5 mm induration regardless of prior BacilleCalmette Guerin vaccine administration or positive QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube Test (QFT-G_IT) without documentation of completed treatment or evidence of ongoing treatment of latent tuberculosis (TB) for 30 days. Subjects with active TB infection are excluded.
- History of positive PPD, positive QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube Test (QFT-G_IT), or chest x-ray findings indicative of prior TB infection, without documentation of either treatment for TB infection or chemoprophylaxis for TB exposure
- Presence of open leg ulcers
- Chronic or persistent infection including but not limited to human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], untreated hepatitis B, listeriosis, TB, or other opportunistic infection). Patients with hepatitis C but without evidence of cirrhosis or significant hepatic dysfunction will be considered for inclusion on a case-by-case basis as will patients with chronic hepatitis B on anti-viral therapy.
Show all 18Show fewer
- Active infection or severe infections requiring hospitalization or treatment with intravenous (IV) antibiotics, IV antivirals, or IV antifungals within 30 days prior to randomization, or oral antibiotics, oral antivirals, or oral antifungals within 14 days prior to randomization
- Receipt of a live vaccine within 4 weeks prior to randomization
- History of malignancy within the past 5 years other than treated localized carcinoma in situ of the cervix or adequately treated non-metastatic squamous or basal cell skin carcinoma
- Any medical condition, which, in the opinion of the investigator, would put the subject at risk by participation in the protocol
- Women of childbearing potential who are sexually active and who do not agree to practice one of the following methods of contraception during the duration of the study: condoms, sponge, foams, jellies, diaphragm or intrauterine device; oral or parenteral contraceptives for 2 months prior to study product administration; a vasectomized partner; abstinence.
- Pregnant (all women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test) or breastfeeding
- Any investigational agent within the earlier of 4 weeks or 5 half-lives prior to randomization
- History of drug or alcohol abuse within 6 months prior to randomization
- Known allergy or hypersensitivity to any study products
- Any psychiatric disorder that prevents the subject from providing informed consent
- Inability or unwillingness to follow the protocol.
- Unable to undergo MR imaging.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
UCSF Medical Center
San Francisco, California, 94143
Daniel L Cooke, MD, 415-353-1863, daniel.cooke@ucsf.edu
Atakan Orscelik, MD, 415-353-7500, atakan.orscelik@ucsf.edu
About this study
Patients harboring dolichoectactic vertebrobasilar (DVB) aneurysms are at risk of suffering SAH, ischemic stroke, and/or brainstem compression and many patients are not offered invasive treatment due to the futility of existing surgical methods. Consequently, there is demand for development of medical therapy for DVB aneurysms
Read the detailed description
Dolichoectatic vertebrobasilar (DVB) aneurysms are fusiform in geometry and often large (< 10 cm) in size limiting traditional microsurgical clipping or endovascular coiling strategies. Collectively, DVB aneurysms represent ≤ 0.01% of all aneurysms (~ 600 US) and, consequently, their study is limited to a few small series. Despite their rarity, the location and geometry of DVB aneurysms make surgical intervention, microsurgical or endovascular, nearly uniformly fatal. Therefore, most DVB aneurysms are observed providing greater insight into their natural history than many more surgically amenable aneurysms. One series noted 28% of patients manifesting any neurological deficit, ischemic or hemorrhagic, over a 4 year interval with an overall mortality rate of ~ 20%.
Tumor necrosis alpha (TNFα). From the many implicated genetic pathways in aneurysm formation, tumor necrosis alpha (TNFα) has been noted a pivotal actor. In pre-clinical studies, the ability to inhibit TNFα induction prevents aneurysm rupture and even aneurysm growth altogether. In humans, TNFα inhibitor therapy has proven effective for many types of vascular inflammation including carotid wall thickening in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis. Over 12- and 24-month intervals, others have demonstrated significant decreases in carotid intima-media thickness in patients taking the TNFα inhibitor, infliximab. Furthermore, infliximab therapy has proven effective in refractory Kawasaki's disease, a condition characterized by post-infectious coronary artery inflammation in children. There is also evidence that infliximab therapy is effective in treatment of IVIG-refractory Kawasaki's disease including regressing coronary aneurysms. Despite the multitude of agents and indications both on and off-label, TNFα inhibitor therapy has not been used for the treatment of brain aneurysm.
- Conditions
- Aneurysm, Stroke, Vasculitis, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- Being tested
- Infliximab
- Medical subject headings
- Aneurysm, Stroke, Vasculitis
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
InfliximabDrug
Also called Remicade, Inflectra, Renflexis, Avsola
Please see protocol for details.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Infliximab treatment | Experimental | Administer infliximab intravenously to patients with DVB aneurysms (3 mg/kg at 0, 3 and 7 weeks, then at 8-week intervals x 7) for a total of 12-months. Patients will undergo MR imaging at 0, 12, and 24-month time points. Receives: Drug: Infliximab |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Reduction in aneurysm volume (ml)
Our primary outcome for assessing the effectiveness of the infliximab treatment will be the reduction in aneurysm volume over the treatment course based on the 0 and 12 month MR scans. DVB aneurysm volume will be assessed by review of standardized 1.5 mm slices in the axial plane. The contour of the aneurysm using time-of-flight MR angiography sequences will generate a cross-sectional area at each slice level. The volume will be estimated by summing the imputed volume of each slice. Standard T1- and T2-weighted sequences will also be obtained, as well as iron-sensitive sequencing.
Measured: 12 months
Secondary outcomes (4)
Aneurysm computational fluid dynamic (CFD) metrics: flow velocity (ml/sec)
The investigators will capture MR-based, quantitative changes in the aneurysm computational fluid dynamics (CFD) metrics including flow velocity post 12-month IV infliximab administration. The investigators will compare pre- and post-treatment flow velocities using baseline and interval MR angiographic data. Such data is important in predication of aneurysm growth.
Measured: 12 months
Aneurysm computational fluid dynamic (CFD) metrics: shear stress (pascal)
The investigators will capture MR-based, quantitative changes in the aneurysm computational fluid dynamics (CFD) metrics including wall shear stress post 12-month IV infliximab administration. The investigators will compare pre- and post-treatment CFD metrics using baseline and interval MR angiographic data. Such data is important in predication of aneurysm growth.
Measured: 12 months
Aneurysm computational fluid dynamic (CFD) metrics: oscillatory index (0 - 0.5)
The investigators will capture MR-based, quantitative changes in the aneurysm computational fluid dynamics (CFD) metrics including oscillatory shear (OSI) index post 12-month IV infliximab administration. The investigators will compare pre- and post-treatment CFD metrics using baseline and interval MR angiographic data. Such data is important in predication of aneurysm growth. OSI ranges from 0 to 0.5, where 0 describes a total unidirectional WSS and the latter a purely unsteady, oscillatory shear flow with a net amount of zero WSS. Areas of high OSI are predisposed to endothelial dysfunction.
Measured: 12 months
Aneurysm wall enhancement (ratio of signal post:signal pre contrast)
Continued improvements in higher field MR imaging have generated series noting the ability to not only resolve aneurysmal wall enhancement, but also the presence of such findings to reliably predict aneurysm growth and correlate with symptomatic events. To perform wall enhancement, the patient will first be scanned at 3T/7T using T1 weighted 3D black blood MRI technique (SPACE). Gadolinium will be injected and a 3D isotropic, high-resolution first-pass contrast-enhanced MR angiogram (CEMRA) will be obtained; immediately following that a post-contrast SPACE will be acquired. Contrast enhancement of the vessel wall will be graded as 0-2 scale or quantified by an enhancement ratio (Signal-post/Sigal-pre). Wall thickness can be estimated by the full width half maximal (FWHM) of the line profile across the vessel wall.
Measured: 12 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Dec 2015 (estimated)
- Study start1 Oct 2024
- Primary completionJun 2028 (estimated)
- Study completionDec 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for AneurysmStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of California, San FranciscoThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 8 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San Francisco
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Daniel L. Cooke, University of California, San Francisco
- Investigators
- Daniel L Cooke, MD, Principal investigator, University of California, San Francisco
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02638701
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 15-16893
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 15 Dec 2015
- Last updated
- 11 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Flemming KD, Wiebers DO, Brown RD Jr, Link MJ, Huston J 3rd, McClelland RL, Christianson TJ. The natural history of radiographically defined vertebrobasilar nonsaccular intracranial aneurysms. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2005;20(4):270-9. doi: 10.1159/000087710. Epub 2005 Aug 22.
PubMed 16123548Mangrum WI, Huston J 3rd, Link MJ, Wiebers DO, McClelland RL, Christianson TJ, Flemming KD. Enlarging vertebrobasilar nonsaccular intracranial aneurysms: frequency, predictors, and clinical outcome of growth. J Neurosurg. 2005 Jan;102(1):72-9. doi: 10.3171/jns.2005.102.1.0072.
PubMed 15658099Starke RM, Raper DM, Ding D, Chalouhi N, Owens GK, Hasan DM, Medel R, Dumont AS. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha modulates cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. Transl Stroke Res. 2014 Apr;5(2):269-77. doi: 10.1007/s12975-013-0287-9. Epub 2013 Sep 20.
PubMed 24323710Ferrante A, Giardina AR, Ciccia F, Parrinello G, Licata G, Avellone G, Giardina E, Impastato R, Triolo G. Long-term anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy reverses the progression of carotid intima-media thickness in female patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2009 Dec;30(2):193-8. doi: 10.1007/s00296-009-0935-2.
PubMed 19387646Del Porto F, Lagana B, Lai S, Nofroni I, Tinti F, Vitale M, Podesta E, Mitterhofer AP, D'Amelio R. Response to anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha blockade is associated with reduction of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007 Jul;46(7):1111-5. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem089. Epub 2007 Apr 20.
PubMed 17449484Burns JC, Best BM, Mejias A, Mahony L, Fixler DE, Jafri HS, Melish ME, Jackson MA, Asmar BI, Lang DJ, Connor JD, Capparelli EV, Keen ML, Mamun K, Keenan GF, Ramilo O. Infliximab treatment of intravenous immunoglobulin-resistant Kawasaki disease. J Pediatr. 2008 Dec;153(6):833-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.06.011. Epub 2008 Jul 30.
PubMed 18672254Hasan DM, Chalouhi N, Jabbour P, Magnotta VA, Kung DK, Young WL. Imaging aspirin effect on macrophages in the wall of human cerebral aneurysms using ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI: preliminary results. J Neuroradiol. 2013 Jul;40(3):187-91. doi: 10.1016/j.neurad.2012.09.002. Epub 2013 Feb 18.
PubMed 23428244
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Infliximab Therapy for Dolichoectactic Vertebrobasilar Aneurysms
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02638701
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 15-16893
- Conditions
- Aneurysm, Stroke, Vasculitis, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 8 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San FranciscoUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Jun 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Dec 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 23 Dec 2015 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Patients harboring dolichoectactic vertebrobasilar (DVB) aneurysms are at risk of suffering SAH, ischemic stroke, and/or brainstem compression and many patients are not offered invasive treatment due to the futility of existing surgical methods. Consequently, there is demand for development of medical therapy for DVB aneurysms
Detailed description
Dolichoectatic vertebrobasilar (DVB) aneurysms are fusiform in geometry and often large (< 10 cm) in size limiting traditional microsurgical clipping or endovascular coiling strategies. Collectively, DVB aneurysms represent ≤ 0.01% of all aneurysms (~ 600 US) and, consequently, their study is limited to a few small series. Despite their rarity, the location and geometry of DVB aneurysms make surgical intervention, microsurgical or endovascular, nearly uniformly fatal. Therefore, most DVB aneurysms are observed providing greater insight into their natural history than many more surgically amenable aneurysms. One series noted 28% of patients manifesting any neurological deficit, ischemic or hemorrhagic, over a 4 year interval with an overall mortality rate of ~ 20%.
Tumor necrosis alpha (TNFα). From the many implicated genetic pathways in aneurysm formation, tumor necrosis alpha (TNFα) has been noted a pivotal actor. In pre-clinical studies, the ability to inhibit TNFα induction prevents aneurysm rupture and even aneurysm growth altogether. In humans, TNFα inhibitor therapy has proven effective for many types of vascular inflammation including carotid wall thickening in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis. Over 12- and 24-month intervals, others have demonstrated significant decreases in carotid intima-media thickness in patients taking the TNFα inhibitor, infliximab. Furthermore, infliximab therapy has proven effective in refractory Kawasaki's disease, a condition characterized by post-infectious coronary artery inflammation in children. There is also evidence that infliximab therapy is effective in treatment of IVIG-refractory Kawasaki's disease including regressing coronary aneurysms. Despite the multitude of agents and indications both on and off-label, TNFα inhibitor therapy has not been used for the treatment of brain aneurysm.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Infliximab treatment | Experimental | Drug: InfliximabAdminister infliximab intravenously to patients with DVB aneurysms (3 mg/kg at 0, 3 and 7 weeks, then at 8-week intervals x 7) for a total of 12-months. Patients will undergo MR imaging at 0, 12, and 24-month time points. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Vertebral and/or basilar artery dolichoectactic aneurysm not amenable to microsurgical or endovascular treatment.
- Age greater than 18 years at time of first study drug administration.
Key exclusion criteria (18 listed)
- Use of an anti-TNF or other biologic medication (Including but not limited to abatacept, rituximab, or tocilizumab) within the previous 12 months.
- The following laboratory parameters at the Screening visit: Neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 1,500/microliter; Thrombocytopenia (platelets < 100,000/ • Anemia (hemoglobin < 8 g/dL); Greater than or equal to 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) for either of the following liver function tests (LFTs): aspartate transaminase (AST) or alanine transaminase (ALT); Renal insufficiency (serum creatinine> 2.0 mg/dL)
- Purified protein derivative (PPD) test of > 5 mm induration regardless of prior BacilleCalmette Guerin vaccine administration or positive QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube Test (QFT-G_IT) without documentation of completed treatment or evidence of ongoing treatment of latent tuberculosis (TB) for 30 days. Subjects with active TB infection are excluded.
- History of positive PPD, positive QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube Test (QFT-G_IT), or chest x-ray findings indicative of prior TB infection, without documentation of either treatment for TB infection or chemoprophylaxis for TB exposure
- Presence of open leg ulcers
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| InfliximabAlso: Remicade, Inflectra, Renflexis, AvsolaPlease see protocol for details. | Drug | Infliximab treatment |
Primary outcome
Reduction in aneurysm volume (ml)
Time frame: 12 months
Our primary outcome for assessing the effectiveness of the infliximab treatment will be the reduction in aneurysm volume over the treatment course based on the 0 and 12 month MR scans. DVB aneurysm volume will be assessed by review of standardized 1.5 mm slices in the axial plane. The contour of the aneurysm using time-of-flight MR angiography sequences will generate a cross-sectional area at each slice level. The volume will be estimated by summing the imputed volume of each slice. Standard T1- and T2-weighted sequences will also be obtained, as well as iron-sensitive sequencing.
4 secondary outcomes
Aneurysm computational fluid dynamic (CFD) metrics: flow velocity (ml/sec)
Time frame: 12 months
Aneurysm computational fluid dynamic (CFD) metrics: shear stress (pascal)
Time frame: 12 months
Aneurysm computational fluid dynamic (CFD) metrics: oscillatory index (0 - 0.5)
Time frame: 12 months
Aneurysm wall enhancement (ratio of signal post:signal pre contrast)
Time frame: 12 months
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Jun 2026.
- Background: PubMed 16123548Flemming KD, Wiebers DO, Brown RD Jr, Link MJ, Huston J 3rd, McClelland RL, Christianson TJ. The natural history of radiographically defined vertebrobasilar nonsaccular intracranial aneurysms. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2005;20(4):270-9. doi: 10.1159/000087710. Epub 2005 Aug 22.
- Background: PubMed 15658099Mangrum WI, Huston J 3rd, Link MJ, Wiebers DO, McClelland RL, Christianson TJ, Flemming KD. Enlarging vertebrobasilar nonsaccular intracranial aneurysms: frequency, predictors, and clinical outcome of growth. J Neurosurg. 2005 Jan;102(1):72-9. doi: 10.3171/jns.2005.102.1.0072.
- Background: PubMed 24323710Starke RM, Raper DM, Ding D, Chalouhi N, Owens GK, Hasan DM, Medel R, Dumont AS. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha modulates cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. Transl Stroke Res. 2014 Apr;5(2):269-77. doi: 10.1007/s12975-013-0287-9. Epub 2013 Sep 20.
- Background: PubMed 19387646Ferrante A, Giardina AR, Ciccia F, Parrinello G, Licata G, Avellone G, Giardina E, Impastato R, Triolo G. Long-term anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy reverses the progression of carotid intima-media thickness in female patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2009 Dec;30(2):193-8. doi: 10.1007/s00296-009-0935-2.
- Background: PubMed 17449484Del Porto F, Lagana B, Lai S, Nofroni I, Tinti F, Vitale M, Podesta E, Mitterhofer AP, D'Amelio R. Response to anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha blockade is associated with reduction of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007 Jul;46(7):1111-5. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem089. Epub 2007 Apr 20.
- Background: PubMed 18672254Burns JC, Best BM, Mejias A, Mahony L, Fixler DE, Jafri HS, Melish ME, Jackson MA, Asmar BI, Lang DJ, Connor JD, Capparelli EV, Keen ML, Mamun K, Keenan GF, Ramilo O. Infliximab treatment of intravenous immunoglobulin-resistant Kawasaki disease. J Pediatr. 2008 Dec;153(6):833-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.06.011. Epub 2008 Jul 30.
- Background: PubMed 23428244Hasan DM, Chalouhi N, Jabbour P, Magnotta VA, Kung DK, Young WL. Imaging aspirin effect on macrophages in the wall of human cerebral aneurysms using ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI: preliminary results. J Neuroradiol. 2013 Jul;40(3):187-91. doi: 10.1016/j.neurad.2012.09.002. Epub 2013 Feb 18.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Daniel L Cooke, MD principal investigator
University of California, San Francisco
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1/2 study testing Infliximab in people with Aneurysm and Stroke, run by University of California, San Francisco at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 18 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this combined phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Daniel L Cooke, MD (415-353-1863, daniel.cooke@ucsf.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Reduction in aneurysm volume (ml) (time frame: 12 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02638701, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Jun 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 30 Oct 2026.