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Crohn's DiseasePhase 2NCT02676622

Autologous Stem Cell Transplant for Refractory Crohn's Disease

A Phase 2 study testing mobilization of stem cells to prepare for Leukapheresis, Leukapheresis- Collection of stem cells and Preparative regimen 4-6 weeks after Leukapheresis in people with Crohn's Disease, run by Nationwide Children's Hospital.

Withdrawn

Withdrawn. The study stopped before anyone enrolled.

Official record
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Trial summary

Crohn's disease is an 'auto-immune' disorder of the gut. In this condition the body's own immune system is fighting its gut and causing inflammation and other symptoms. Patients who are refractory (not responding) to the medications usually used to control Crohn's disease (medicines like steroids, azathioprine… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 12 to 29 years
Conditions the study is for
Crohn's Disease
What is being tested?
mobilization of stem cells to prepare for Leukapheresis, Leukapheresis- Collection of stem cells and Preparative regimen 4-6 weeks after Leukapheresis
Type of treatment
Injection or infusion
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
0 participants
Where
No sites listed yet
Study dates
Apr 2013to Apr 2013
Phase
Phase 2
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 12 to 29 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Child, Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Age ≥ 12 and < 30 years
  • Confirmed diagnosis of Crohn's Disease -Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) >30 or Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) of >250 any time within 3 months prior to enrollment and any one of the following- i)Endoscopic evidence of active disease confirmed on histology within 3 months prior to enrollment, or ii) Clear evidence of active small bowel Crohn's disease on small bowel imaging within 3 months prior to enrollment.
  • Refractory Crohn's Disease: Moderate to severe disease that has been unresponsive to current or prior therapy with mercaptopurine and/or azathioprine (thiopurines), methotrexate and anti-TNF therapy. Patients should have relapsing disease (i.e. > 1 exacerbation/year) or corticosteroid dependence despite current or prior thiopurines, methotrexate and anti-TNF maintenance therapy or clear demonstration of intolerance or toxicity to these drugs. Patients who fail induction therapy with corticosteroids and anti-TNF therapy, and are therefore not eligible to receive maintenance therapy with thiopurines or methotrexate will also be candidates for enrollment.
  • Current active disease and problems not amenable to surgery or patient at risk for developing short bowel syndrome.
  • Negative stool culture, C. difficile, and negative CMV pcr (in stool or colonic biopsy). Patients with CMV colitis will receive a trial of anti-viral treatment and only responders will be considered eligible for inclusion.
  • Female patients of childbearing potential must have a documented negative serum pregnancy test within 2 weeks prior to starting the mobilization regimen.
  • Patients with a prior ileostomy or colostomy may enter the study. For this group of patients', physician's global assesment will be used to assess clinical activity of CD, as Pediatric CDAI and CDAI scoring method may not be representative of disease activity.
  • Patients with abscesses are eligible to enroll once the abscesses or any other significant infection has resolved.

Who cannot join

  • Pregnancy or unwillingness to use adequate contraception during the study- if a woman is of childbearing age.
  • HIV infection. -Organ function criteria-
  • Renal: creatinine clearance < 50 ml/min/1.73m2 (measured or estimated).
  • Cardiac: left ventricular ejection fraction <30% by multigated radionuclide angiography (MUGA) or a shortening fraction of < 25% by cardiac echocardiogram.
  • Pulmonary Function tests: DLCO < 30% or patient on oxygen.
  • Hepatic: serum bilirubin > 3 mg%; AST and ALT > 3x ULN for the institutional lab.
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  • Uncontrolled Hypertension (using age based criteria) despite at least 2 anti-hypertensive agents.
  • -Active Infection or risk thereof-
  • Current abscess or significant active infection (see 6.2.9 above)
  • Perianal infection is not an exclusion criterion, provided there is drainage with or without placement of seton.
  • Abnormal chest x ray (CXR) consistent with active infection or neoplasm.
  • Severe diarrhea due to short small bowel; pateints believed to have < 700 mm of small bowel and diarrhea attributable to this will be excluded.
  • Patients with toxic megacolon, active bowel obstruction or intestinal perforation.
  • Lack of insurance payer approval.
  • Unable to collect minimum cell dose from Leukapheresis required for transplant. These patients will be excluded from receiving the preparative regimen.

About this study

Official title: A Pilot Study of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation With Post-Transplant Ultra Low-Dose IL-2 for Refractory Crohn's Disease

Crohn's disease is an 'auto-immune' disorder of the gut. In this condition the body's own immune system is fighting its gut and causing inflammation and other symptoms. Patients who are refractory (not responding) to the medications usually used to control Crohn's disease (medicines like steroids, azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and antibodies like Infliximab), may consider being part of this study.

In this study, the investigators plan to wipe out (ablate) the 'faulty immune system' with medicines (immune-ablation) and then give back the patients own stored stem cells (that have been collected before) - a procedure called autologous (self) stem cell transplant (ASCT). Once the new immune system regrows again from the stem cells, it is hoped that the 'faulty' immune cells do not return again and do not fight the gut leading to remission from symptoms of Crohn's disease. The aim of this treatment therefore, is to reset or re-program the immune system, so that it does not fight the patient's own body.

Read more

Currently, there are very few trials and experience with this procedure in children and young adults. There have been a few studies that have shown benefit of ASCT procedure in adult patients. In some patients, the benefit lasted for 1-5 years; but 1 in 5 (20%) participants were not taking their medications for the Crohn's disease even 5 years after ASCT. Other 80% needed medications again, but in most cases with better disease control.

In order to potentially improve the long term outcomes of ASCT, the investigators are adding another medication (in addition to those used in adult studies) called IL-2 (Aldesleukin), which will be given as an every-other-day injection under the skin (subcutaneous) at very low doses for 6 weeks after the ASCT and can be taken at home. Low dose IL-2 is known to increase a type of immune cell called T-regulatory cells (Tregs) that make immune cells less reactive to self. Study doctors believe that increased population of Tregs after ASCT may lead to a better control of Crohn's disease- higher percentage of cures or disease control for a longer period of time compared to the previous adult trials.

Therefore, the goals of this study are-

  1. To see if ASCT can be used safely and can provide substantial benefit in young adults who have refractory Crohn's disease.
  2. To see if addition of IL-2 after the ASCT is safe and effective.
Read the detailed description

Crohn's Disease (CD) is an immunologically mediated chronic illness that has a relapsing and remitting course, most commonly presenting in the 2nd or 3rd decade and causing life long impairment of health and quality of life. Mainstay of clinical treatment for severe disease is combination of anti-inflammatory agents like 5-aminosalicyaltes and immunosuppressive medications like corticosteroids and newer anti-TNF antibodies like Infliximab. None of the drugs are, at present, curative and a relevant subset of patients are refractory to many of these pharmacologic approaches.

Immunoablative treatment followed by autologous stem cell rescue (Autologous HSCT) has been tried in this refractory group of patients with successful results. Autologous HSCT works in this auto-immune setting through the eradication of effector/memory T-cell clones due to a direct immuno-ablative effect of drugs used in the preparative regimen; by leading to an immune-reset- recovering clones of T- cells from the infused stem cells do not mount an auto-immune response and are tolerant to 'self' antigens and, by upregulation of T regulatory cells (Treg, CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ or CD8+ FOXP3+) via change in cytokine mileu during transplant. Increased population of Tregs restricts the activity of self reactive effector T-cells.

This pilot study is designed to gain on the success of previously published adult studies of autologous HSCT in refractory CD, with the aim to confirm the feasibility, safety and efficacy of HSCT and ultra low dose IL-2 when given post-HSCT in pediatric patients and young adults. IL-2 in very low doses has been shown to increase the proliferation of Treg lymphocytes and decrease inflammatory response. Hence, use of IL-2 post-transplant will result in significant and persistent increase in Treg population that may lead to more durable remissions after immunoablative therapy.

This pilot will focus on the 'safety' of this treatment in pediatric population.Since, this combination of immuno-ablative therapy followed by ultra low dose IL-2 has not been studied in children with CD, therefore transplant related mortality (TRM) and severe toxicity (> grade 3 toxicity by NCI criteria) will be monitored for 100 days post-transplant in all the patients and stopping rules will be enforced in case of excessive toxicity or TRM (>10%). Correlative studies will be performed at specific time points to assess the cytokine and inflammatory markers, immune-reconstitution and quantitative Treg cells; while clinical assessments will be done for 1 year post-HSCT for disease activity, steroid free remission period to evaluate the 'clinical efficacy' of this procedure.

The major aim of this pilot is to generate the preliminary safety and cytokine profile data to confirm the feasibility and benefit of autologous HSCT and IL-2 in children and young adults with refractory CD.

Conditions
Crohn's Disease
Being tested
mobilization of stem cells to prepare for Leukapheresis, Leukapheresis- Collection of stem cells, Preparative regimen 4-6 weeks after Leukapheresis, Stem Cell Transplant, Low-dose IL-2 administration
Keywords
Crohn's Disease, Autologous Hematopoietic Stem cell Transplant, Cyclophosphamide, IL-2, Aldesleukin, Proleukin, PCDAI
Medical subject headings
Crohn Disease

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • mobilization of stem cells to prepare for LeukapheresisDrug

    Also called Cytoxan, G-csf, Neupogen

    Cyclophosphomide 2 g/m2 x 2 consecutive days.

    Filgrastim (G-csf) 10 mcg/kg SC will start 5 days after the last dose of CY and will end the day before the last leukapharesis.

  • Leukapheresis- Collection of stem cellsOther

    Also called white blood cells, Apheresis

    Placement of an Apheresis Catheter on the day of collection of stem cells.

    Leukapheresis will be performed on a continuous flow separator machine to target 3-8 x 106 CD34+ cells/kg body weight.

  • Preparative regimen 4-6 weeks after LeukapheresisDrug

    Also called Cytoxan, Mesnex, Thymoglobulin, Genzyme

    Prior to starting medicines, a central venous line will be placed (arm or chest)

    Cyclophosphamide iv: 50 mg/kg iv over 2 hours

    Mesna iv (uro-protectant): 36 mg/kg iv over 12 hours

    r-ATG (Thymoglobulin, Genzyme): 2.5 mg/kg/dose iv over 6 hours on days -3,-2,-1

  • Stem Cell TransplantOther

    Also called HSCT, Neupogen

    Infusion of the(cryopreserved and thawed)peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC)occurs on Day 0.

    Day +5: start Filgrastim (G-csf) subcutaneous injections

    Hospitalization in isolation room for 4-5 weeks

  • Low-dose IL-2 administrationDrug

    Also called Aldesleukin

    IL-2 Subcutaneous injections will start once ANC is > 500/µL and patient is afebrile (start IL-2 will be approximately day +20)for 6 weeks of treatment.

    Once patient or parent has learnt the administration and patient is tolerating it well, then the rest of the treatment can be administered at home after discharge with weekly follow up visits.

Study groups in NCT02676622
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Stem-cell mobilization and LeukapheresisExperimentalStem-cell mobilisation will be achieved using Cyclophosphamide (CY) 4g/m² (2g/m2 on 2 consecutive days) followed 5 days later by filgrastim (G-CSF) 10 mg/kg injection. This will be done daily until the day before the last day of leukapheresis. The PBSCs will be harvested usually between day +9 and +11 of completing CY. Leukapheresis will be performed to a target cell dose of 3-8 x106 CD34+ cells/kg Approximately 1 month later patients will undergo HSCT
Receives: Drug: mobilization of stem cells to prepare for Leukapheresis; Other: Leukapheresis- Collection of stem cells; Drug: Preparative regimen 4-6 weeks after Leukapheresis; Other: Stem Cell Transplant; Drug: Low-dose IL-2 administration

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. The primary endpoint of the study is feasibility and safety of the autologous HSCT and low dose IL-2 post-HSCT, as evaluated by day +100 TRM (transplant related mortality) and incidence of severe toxicity.

    Measured: 1 year after transplant

Secondary outcomes (1)
  1. Secondary endpoints are evaluations of the effects of HSCT on clinical and laboratory manifestations of Crohn's Disease, i.e. frequency of and types of transplant related complications that were observed.

    Incidence of Infections: CMV reactivation and disease, adenovirus infection, BK virus reactivation, EBV PTLD and invasive fungal infections will be estimated and documented.

    Measured: 1 year after transplant

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted8 Feb 2016 (estimated)
  2. Study startApr 2013
  3. Primary completionApr 2013
  4. Study completionApr 2013

Why it stopped: PI moved to a different institution.

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
0 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT02676622
Sponsor's protocol ID
IRB1100448
Status last verified
Feb 2017
First submitted
21 Apr 2013
Last updated
3 Feb 2017
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2 study testing mobilization of stem cells to prepare for Leukapheresis, Leukapheresis- Collection of stem cells and Preparative regimen 4-6 weeks after Leukapheresis in people with Crohn's Disease, run by Nationwide Children's Hospital.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 15 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: withdrawn, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Feb 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study was withdrawn before enrolling participants, so there are no results.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

The primary endpoint of the study is feasibility and safety of the autologous HSCT and low dose IL-2 post-HSCT, as evaluated by day +100 TRM (transplant related mortality) and incidence of severe toxicity. (time frame: 1 year after transplant). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Feb 2017.

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