DiabetesPhase 3TACT2NCT02733185
Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy 2
A Phase 3 study testing disodium EDTA and Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) in people with Diabetes and Myocardial Infarction, run by Mt. Sinai Medical Center, Miami at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy 2 (TACT2) is a randomized, double blind controlled factorial clinical trial of edetate disodium-based chelation and high-dose oral vitamins and minerals to prevent recurrent cardiac events in diabetic patients with a prior myocardial infarction (MI). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 50 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Diabetes, Myocardial Infarction
- What is being tested?
- disodium EDTA and Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM)
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 1,000 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Oct 2016to 30 Jun 2023
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 50 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age: ≥ 50 years
- History of diabetes, defined as medical record evidence or patient report of currently using insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents, or with a history of fasting blood glucose measurement of 126 mg/dL or higher, or a history of HbA1c of 6.5% or higher.
- History of myocardial infarction based on the Universal Definition of MI.
- When information about the MI hospitalization is available, all MI types except Type 2 qualify for study entry.
- When information about the MI hospitalization is not available, a wall motion abnormality on imaging or a perfusion defect on scan that corresponds to a coronary distribution, whether or not accompanied by pathological Q waves in the appropriate distribution, will qualify the patient for study entry. This criterion requires a call to the CCC for case review.
Who cannot join
- Baseline serum creatinine >2.0 mg/dL.
- HbA1C >11%.
- Myocardial infarction within 6 weeks of randomization.
- History of allergic reactions to EDTA or any other components of the chelation solution, including heparin. Site personnel are to call the CCC to discuss heparin allergy.
- Coronary or peripheral arterial revascularization procedure performed within the last 6 months.
- Planned revascularization procedure in the 6 months following enrollment.
Show all 18Show fewer
- Heart failure hospitalization within 6 months prior to enrollment or in clinical heart failure at the time of proposed enrollment (such as NYHA Class 3 dyspnea + rales >basilar, and additional signs of fluid overload). Such patients may be treated with diuretics and enrolled when stable.
- Poor or no venous access in the upper extremities.
- a. Prior intravenous chelation therapy consisting of > 1 infusion within 5 years; if only 1 infusion took place, patient cannot be enrolled for at least 12 months after said infusion.
- Oral chelation therapy with an approved oral chelating agent within 2 years.
- Prior participation in TACT.
- Baseline platelet count <100,000.
- History of cigarette smoking within the last 3 months.
- ALT or AST > 2.0 times the upper limit of normal.
- Wilson's disease, hemochromatosis, or parathyroid disease.
- Any medical condition including a current diagnosis of cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer) that will limit patient survival over the duration of the trial.
- Any factor that suggests that the potential participant will not be able to adhere to the protocol.
- Women of child-bearing potential including those with plans for post-menopausal in vitro fertilization or other reproductive technology.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Mount Sinai Medical Center
Miami Beach, Florida, 33132
About this study
Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy 2 (TACT2) is a randomized, double blind controlled factorial clinical trial of edetate disodium-based chelation and high-dose oral vitamins and minerals to prevent recurrent cardiac events in diabetic patients with a prior myocardial infarction (MI).
Read the detailed description
The primary objective of TACT2, therefore, is to determine if the chelation-based strategy increases the time to the first occurrence of any of the components of the TACT2 primary endpoint: all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for unstable angina compared to the placebo chelation strategy.
TACT2 is a 2x2 factorial trial testing 40-weekly edetate disodium-based chelation infusions and twice daily high-dose oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) in a placebo-controlled design.
TACT2 is being carried out to replicate the findings of TACT1, which found a striking reduction of recurrent cardiovascular events in post-MI diabetic patients receiving edetate disodium-based chelation therapy.
- Conditions
- Diabetes, Myocardial Infarction
- Being tested
- disodium EDTA, Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM), Placebo disodium EDTA, Placebo Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM)
- Keywords
- chelation
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Myocardial Infarction
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
disodium EDTADrug
Also called EDTA
IV Disodium Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid in 500 cc
Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM)Dietary supplement
6 tablets of Multi-vitamin/Multimineral daily
Placebo disodium EDTADrug
IV Placebo comparator- 500 normal saline
Placebo Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM)Dietary supplement
6 tablets of a placebo Multi-vitamin/Multimineral daily
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Active/Active | Active comparator | Active disodium EDTA (chelation) + Active Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) Receives: Drug: disodium EDTA; Dietary Supplement: Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) |
| Active/Placebo | Active comparator | Active disodium EDTA (chelation) + Placebo Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) Receives: Drug: disodium EDTA |
| Placebo/ Active | Active comparator | Placebo disodium EDTA (chelation) + Active Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) Receives: Dietary Supplement: Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM); Drug: Placebo disodium EDTA |
| Placebo/Placebo | Placebo comparator | Placebo disodium EDTA (chelation) + Placebo Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) Receives: Drug: Placebo disodium EDTA; Dietary Supplement: Placebo Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Primary Composite Outcome
Time to first event: myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or death from any cause
Measured: 48 month follow-up (median)
Secondary outcomes (2)
Secondary Composite Outcome
Time to first event: myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes
Measured: 48 month follow-up (median)
Secondary Outcome
Time to All-Cause mortality
Measured: All-Cause Mortality was assessed through study completion, up to 48 months (median)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Apr 2016 (estimated)
- Study start1 Oct 2016
- Primary completion30 Jun 2023
- Study completion30 Jun 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for DiabetesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 1,000 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Mt. Sinai Medical Center, Miami
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Duke Clinical Research Institute
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Gervasio Lamas, MD, Mt. Sinai Medical Center, Miami
- Investigators
- Gervasio A Lamas, MD, Study chair, Mount Sinai Medical Center of FloridaKevin J Anstrom, PhD, Principal investigator, University of North Carolina, Chapel HillDaniel B Mark, MD, Principal investigator, Duke University (Duke Clinical Research Institute)
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02733185
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- AT009149-01
- Other IDs
- UH3AT009149, UH3AT009150, R01AT009273, U24AT009150
- Acronym
- TACT2
- Status last verified
- Mar 2025
- First submitted
- 5 Apr 2016
- Last updated
- 30 Mar 2025
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Lamas GA, Goertz C, Boineau R, Mark DB, Rozema T, Nahin RL, Lindblad L, Lewis EF, Drisko J, Lee KL; TACT Investigators. Effect of disodium EDTA chelation regimen on cardiovascular events in patients with previous myocardial infarction: the TACT randomized trial. JAMA. 2013 Mar 27;309(12):1241-50. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.2107.
PubMed 23532240Escolar E, Lamas GA, Mark DB, Boineau R, Goertz C, Rosenberg Y, Nahin RL, Ouyang P, Rozema T, Magaziner A, Nahas R, Lewis EF, Lindblad L, Lee KL. The effect of an EDTA-based chelation regimen on patients with diabetes mellitus and prior myocardial infarction in the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT). Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2014 Jan;7(1):15-24. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000663. Epub 2013 Nov 19.
PubMed 24254885Lamas GA, Boineau R, Goertz C, Mark DB, Rosenberg Y, Stylianou M, Rozema T, Nahin RL, Terry Chappell L, Lindblad L, Lewis EF, Drisko J, Lee KL. EDTA chelation therapy alone and in combination with oral high-dose multivitamins and minerals for coronary disease: The factorial group results of the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy. Am Heart J. 2014 Jul;168(1):37-44.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2014.02.012. Epub 2014 Apr 2.
PubMed 24952858Lamas GA, Goertz C, Boineau R, Mark DB, Rozema T, Nahin RL, Drisko JA, Lee KL. Design of the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT). Am Heart J. 2012 Jan;163(1):7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2011.10.002.
PubMed 22172430Lamas GA, Anstrom KJ, Navas-Acien A, Boineau R, Kim H, Rosenberg Y, Stylianou M, Jones TLZ, Joubert BR, Santella RM, Escolar E, Aude YW, Fonseca V, Elliott T, Lewis EF, Farkouh ME, Nathan DM, Mon AC, Gosnell L, Newman JD, Mark DB; TACT2 Investigators. The trial to assess chelation therapy 2 (TACT2): Rationale and design. Am Heart J. 2022 Oct;252:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2022.05.013. Epub 2022 May 19.
PubMed 35598636Navas-Acien A, Santella RM, Joubert BR, Huang Z, Lokhnygina Y, Ujueta F, Gurvich I, LoIacono NJ, Ravalli F, Ward CD, Jarrett JM, Salazar AL, Boineau R, Jones TLZ, Mark DB, Newman JD, Nathan DM, Anstrom KJ, Lamas GA. Baseline characteristics including blood and urine metal levels in the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy 2 (TACT2). Am Heart J. 2024 Jul;273:72-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2024.04.005. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
PubMed 38621575Ujueta F, Lamas GA, Anstrom KJ, Navas-Acien A, Boineau R, Rosenberg Y, Stylianou M, Jones TLZ, Joubert BR, Yu Q, Wen J, Nemeth H, Huang Z, Fonseca V, Nathan DM, Uwaifo G, Arenas IA, Luo L, Baker J, Visentin D, Paixao A, Schmedtje JF Jr, Mark DB; TACT2 Investigators. Multivitamins After Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2025 May 1;185(5):540-548. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.8408.
PubMed 40029647Lamas GA, Anstrom KJ, Navas-Acien A, Boineau R, Nemeth H, Huang Z, Wen J, Rosenberg Y, Stylianou M, Jones TLZ, Joubert BR, Yu Q, Santella RM, Mon AC, Ujueta F, Escolar E, Nathan DM, Fonseca VA, Aude YW, Ehrman JK, Elliott T, Prashad R, Lewis EF, Lopes RD, Farkouh ME, Elliott AM, Newman JD, Mark DB; TACT2 Investigators. Edetate Disodium-Based Chelation for Patients With a Previous Myocardial Infarction and Diabetes: TACT2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2024 Sep 10;332(10):794-803. doi: 10.1001/jama.2024.11463.
PubMed 39141382
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Mar 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy 2
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02733185
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TACT2 / AT009149-01
- Conditions
- Diabetes, Myocardial Infarction
- Keywords
- chelation
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,000 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Mt. Sinai Medical Center, MiamiUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Duke Clinical Research Institute
- Study start
- 1 Oct 2016 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 11 Apr 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 1 Oct 2024
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy 2 (TACT2) is a randomized, double blind controlled factorial clinical trial of edetate disodium-based chelation and high-dose oral vitamins and minerals to prevent recurrent cardiac events in diabetic patients with a prior myocardial infarction (MI).
Detailed description
The primary objective of TACT2, therefore, is to determine if the chelation-based strategy increases the time to the first occurrence of any of the components of the TACT2 primary endpoint: all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for unstable angina compared to the placebo chelation strategy.
TACT2 is a 2x2 factorial trial testing 40-weekly edetate disodium-based chelation infusions and twice daily high-dose oral multivitamins and multiminerals (OMVM) in a placebo-controlled design.
TACT2 is being carried out to replicate the findings of TACT1, which found a striking reduction of recurrent cardiovascular events in post-MI diabetic patients receiving edetate disodium-based chelation therapy.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Active/Active | Active comparator | Drug: disodium EDTA, Dietary Supplement: Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM)Active disodium EDTA (chelation) + Active Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) |
| Active/Placebo | Active comparator | Drug: disodium EDTAActive disodium EDTA (chelation) + Placebo Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) |
| Placebo/ Active | Active comparator | Dietary Supplement: Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM), Drug: Placebo disodium EDTAPlacebo disodium EDTA (chelation) + Active Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) |
| Placebo/Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: Placebo disodium EDTA, Dietary Supplement: Placebo Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM)Placebo disodium EDTA (chelation) + Placebo Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 50 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Age: ≥ 50 years
- History of diabetes, defined as medical record evidence or patient report of currently using insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents, or with a history of fasting blood glucose measurement of 126 mg/dL or higher, or a history of HbA1c of 6.5% or higher.
- History of myocardial infarction based on the Universal Definition of MI.
Key exclusion criteria (18 listed)
- Baseline serum creatinine >2.0 mg/dL.
- HbA1C >11%.
- Myocardial infarction within 6 weeks of randomization.
- History of allergic reactions to EDTA or any other components of the chelation solution, including heparin. Site personnel are to call the CCC to discuss heparin allergy.
- Coronary or peripheral arterial revascularization procedure performed within the last 6 months.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| disodium EDTAAlso: EDTAIV Disodium Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid in 500 cc | Drug | Active/Active, Active/Placebo |
| Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM)6 tablets of Multi-vitamin/Multimineral daily | Dietary supplement | Active/Active, Placebo/ Active |
| Placebo disodium EDTAIV Placebo comparator- 500 normal saline | Drug | Placebo/ Active, Placebo/Placebo |
| Placebo Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM)6 tablets of a placebo Multi-vitamin/Multimineral daily | Dietary supplement | Placebo/Placebo |
Primary outcome
Primary Composite Outcome
Time frame: 48 month follow-up (median)
Time to first event: myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or death from any cause
2 secondary outcomes
Secondary Composite Outcome
Time frame: 48 month follow-up (median)
Secondary Outcome
Time frame: All-Cause Mortality was assessed through study completion, up to 48 months (median)
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Mar 2025.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 23532240Lamas GA, Goertz C, Boineau R, Mark DB, Rozema T, Nahin RL, Lindblad L, Lewis EF, Drisko J, Lee KL; TACT Investigators. Effect of disodium EDTA chelation regimen on cardiovascular events in patients with previous myocardial infarction: the TACT randomized trial. JAMA. 2013 Mar 27;309(12):1241-50. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.2107.
- Background: PubMed 24254885Escolar E, Lamas GA, Mark DB, Boineau R, Goertz C, Rosenberg Y, Nahin RL, Ouyang P, Rozema T, Magaziner A, Nahas R, Lewis EF, Lindblad L, Lee KL. The effect of an EDTA-based chelation regimen on patients with diabetes mellitus and prior myocardial infarction in the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT). Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2014 Jan;7(1):15-24. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000663. Epub 2013 Nov 19.
- Background: PubMed 24952858Lamas GA, Boineau R, Goertz C, Mark DB, Rosenberg Y, Stylianou M, Rozema T, Nahin RL, Terry Chappell L, Lindblad L, Lewis EF, Drisko J, Lee KL. EDTA chelation therapy alone and in combination with oral high-dose multivitamins and minerals for coronary disease: The factorial group results of the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy. Am Heart J. 2014 Jul;168(1):37-44.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2014.02.012. Epub 2014 Apr 2.
- Background: PubMed 22172430Lamas GA, Goertz C, Boineau R, Mark DB, Rozema T, Nahin RL, Drisko JA, Lee KL. Design of the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT). Am Heart J. 2012 Jan;163(1):7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2011.10.002.
- Background: PubMed 35598636Lamas GA, Anstrom KJ, Navas-Acien A, Boineau R, Kim H, Rosenberg Y, Stylianou M, Jones TLZ, Joubert BR, Santella RM, Escolar E, Aude YW, Fonseca V, Elliott T, Lewis EF, Farkouh ME, Nathan DM, Mon AC, Gosnell L, Newman JD, Mark DB; TACT2 Investigators. The trial to assess chelation therapy 2 (TACT2): Rationale and design. Am Heart J. 2022 Oct;252:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2022.05.013. Epub 2022 May 19.
- Background: PubMed 38621575Navas-Acien A, Santella RM, Joubert BR, Huang Z, Lokhnygina Y, Ujueta F, Gurvich I, LoIacono NJ, Ravalli F, Ward CD, Jarrett JM, Salazar AL, Boineau R, Jones TLZ, Mark DB, Newman JD, Nathan DM, Anstrom KJ, Lamas GA. Baseline characteristics including blood and urine metal levels in the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy 2 (TACT2). Am Heart J. 2024 Jul;273:72-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2024.04.005. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 40029647Ujueta F, Lamas GA, Anstrom KJ, Navas-Acien A, Boineau R, Rosenberg Y, Stylianou M, Jones TLZ, Joubert BR, Yu Q, Wen J, Nemeth H, Huang Z, Fonseca V, Nathan DM, Uwaifo G, Arenas IA, Luo L, Baker J, Visentin D, Paixao A, Schmedtje JF Jr, Mark DB; TACT2 Investigators. Multivitamins After Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2025 May 1;185(5):540-548. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.8408.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 39141382Lamas GA, Anstrom KJ, Navas-Acien A, Boineau R, Nemeth H, Huang Z, Wen J, Rosenberg Y, Stylianou M, Jones TLZ, Joubert BR, Yu Q, Santella RM, Mon AC, Ujueta F, Escolar E, Nathan DM, Fonseca VA, Aude YW, Ehrman JK, Elliott T, Prashad R, Lewis EF, Lopes RD, Farkouh ME, Elliott AM, Newman JD, Mark DB; TACT2 Investigators. Edetate Disodium-Based Chelation for Patients With a Previous Myocardial Infarction and Diabetes: TACT2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2024 Sep 10;332(10):794-803. doi: 10.1001/jama.2024.11463.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Gervasio A Lamas, MD study chair
Mount Sinai Medical Center of Florida
Kevin J Anstrom, PhD principal investigator
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Daniel B Mark, MD principal investigator
Duke University (Duke Clinical Research Institute)
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing disodium EDTA and Oral Multi Vitamins/Minerals (OMVM) in people with Diabetes and Myocardial Infarction, run by Mt. Sinai Medical Center, Miami at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 18 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Mar 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 1 Oct 2024). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Primary Composite Outcome (time frame: 48 month follow-up (median)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02733185, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Mar 2025.