LeukemiaPhase 4NCT02784561
Study of Busulfan and FLAG Conditioning Regimen for Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
A Phase 4 study testing Busulfan (Zhejiang Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd), Cytarabine(Actavis Italy S.p.A) and Fludarabine (Bayer) in people with Leukemia, run by Chinese PLA General Hospital.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of Busulfan/FLAG (fludarabine, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) Conditioning Regimen in Patients with Relapsed/refractory Acute Leukemia undergoing allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 12 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Leukemia
- What is being tested?
- Busulfan (Zhejiang Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd), Cytarabine(Actavis Italy S.p.A) and Fludarabine (Bayer)
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 80 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- Jul 2016to Jul 2020
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 12 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- relapsed/refractory acute leukemia regardless of cytogenetics
- All patients should aged 12 to 65 years
- Have matched sibling donors, ≥8/10 HLA(human leukocyte antigen) matched unrelated donors or haploidentical donors
- Patients without any uncontrolled infections or without severe pulmonary, renal, hepatic or cardiac diseases
Who cannot join
- Patients aged less than 12 years old
- Patients with any uncontrolled infections or with severe pulmonary, renal, hepatic or cardiac diseases
- Acute myeloid leukemia patients with t (15;17)
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet.
About this study
Official title: Safety and Efficacy Study of Busulfan/FLAG Conditioning Regimen in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Acute Leukemia Undergoing Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of Busulfan/FLAG (fludarabine, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) Conditioning Regimen in Patients with Relapsed/refractory Acute Leukemia undergoing allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
Read the detailed description
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the only way to cure relapsed/refractory acute leukemia. Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide (BuCy, Cytarabine, Busulfan, Cyclophosphamide) has been a classical conditioning regimen for allo-SCT. Substitution of Cyclophosphamide in the BuCy regimen with Fludarabine (BuF) resulted in reduced toxicity and similar efficacy. FLAG (fludarabine, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) is a chemotherapy regimen that has been proved to be effective for relapsed/refractory acute leukemia as salvage therapy. To reduce the relapse and improve the survival of those patients with relapsed/refractory acute leukemia who receive allo-SCT, the novel conditioning regimen consisting of Busulfan/FLAG was developed. The combination of Bu and FLAG without interval shortens the duration of conditioning and the pneutropenic period of the patient compared with successive administration of FLAG followed with BuF. In addition, regarding the established safety and efficacy of BuF and FLAG, it is reasonable to expect similar safety and enhanced antileukemic efficacy for Bu/FLAG compared with BuF. In this study, the safety and efficacy of this regimen in patients with relapsed/refractory acute leukemia undergoing allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was investigated.
- Conditions
- Leukemia
- Being tested
- Busulfan (Zhejiang Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd), Cytarabine(Actavis Italy S.p.A), Fludarabine (Bayer), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (KirinKunpeng), rabbit ATG(Sanofi/Genzyme)
- Keywords
- allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, conditioning regimen, acute leukemia, relapsed/refractory
- Medical subject headings
- Leukemia, Recurrence
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Busulfan (Zhejiang Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd)Drug
Also called Myleran, Busulfex
busulfan (3.2 mg/kg/day intravenously [i.v.], days -10 to -8)
Cytarabine(Actavis Italy S.p.A)Drug
Also called Ara-C
cytarabine (1.6 g/m2/day, days -7 to -3)
Fludarabine (Bayer)Drug
Also called fludarabine phosphate (Fludara)
fludarabine (30 mg/m2, day -7 to -3),
granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (KirinKunpeng)Drug
Also called G-CSF(granulocyte colony-stimulating factor )
granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (5 ug/kg, day -8 to granulocyte recovery)
rabbit ATG(Sanofi/Genzyme)Drug
Also called Thymoglobuline
ATG; thymoglobuline, rabbit;2.5 mg/kg/day, days -5 to -2
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Busulfan/FLAG conditioning regimen | Experimental | All recipients in this arm received the conditioning regimen consisting of Busulfan/FLAG (fludarabine, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor).
The conditioning regimen for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation consisted of busulfan (3.2 mg/kg/ day intravenously [i.v.], days -10 to -8), fludarabine (30 mg/m2, day -7 to -3), cytarabine (1.6 g/m2/day, days
-7 to -3), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (5 ug/ kg, day -8 to -3). ATG (Thymoglobuline, rabbit) for haploidentical and matched unrelated donors transplantation recipients was used on 2.5 mg/kg/d from days -5 to -2). Receives: Drug: Busulfan (Zhejiang Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd); Drug: Cytarabine(Actavis Italy S.p.A); Drug: Fludarabine (Bayer); Drug: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (KirinKunpeng); Drug: rabbit ATG(Sanofi/Genzyme) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of participants relapse as assessed by NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network )criteria
Measured: two years
Secondary outcomes (5)
Rate of Complete Remission as assessed by NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network )criteria
Measured: 30 days
DFS(disease-free survival )
Measured: two years
TRM(treatment-related mortality )
Measured: two years
Number of participants with aGVHD as assessed by acute graft versus host disease grading criteria (refer to Glucksberg criteria)
Measured: three months
Number of participants with Regimen-related adverse events as assessed by National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.03
Measured: 30 days
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 May 2016 (estimated)
- Study startJul 2016
- Primary completionJul 2019 (estimated)
- Study completionJul 2020 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for LeukemiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Chinese PLA General HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Chinese PLA General Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing Naval General Hospital, Space Center Hospital, Peking University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Daihong Liu, Chinese PLA General Hospital
- Investigators
- Daihong Liu, Doctor, Study director, Chinese PLA General Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02784561
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 81370666-2
- Status last verified
- May 2016
- First submitted
- 17 May 2016
- Last updated
- 27 May 2016
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Forman SJ, Rowe JM. The myth of the second remission of acute leukemia in the adult. Blood. 2013 Feb 14;121(7):1077-82. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-08-234492. Epub 2012 Dec 14.
PubMed 23243288Tang W, Fan X, Wang L, Hu J. Busulfan and fludarabine conditioning regimen given at hematological nadir of cytoreduction fludarabine, cytarabine, and idarubicin chemotherapy in patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a single arm pilot consort study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Apr;94(15):e706. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000706.
PubMed 25881847Middeke JM, Herbst R, Parmentier S, Bug G, Hanel M, Stuhler G, Schafer-Eckart K, Rosler W, Klein S, Bethge W, Bitz U, Buttner B, Knoth H, Alakel N, Schaich M, Morgner A, Kramer M, Sockel K, von Bonin M, Stolzel F, Platzbecker U, Rollig C, Thiede C, Ehninger G, Bornhauser M, Schetelig J. Clofarabine salvage therapy before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with relapsed or refractory AML: results of the BRIDGE trial. Leukemia. 2016 Feb;30(2):261-7. doi: 10.1038/leu.2015.226. Epub 2015 Aug 18.
PubMed 26283567Fu H, Xu L, Liu D, Zhang X, Liu K, Chen H, Wang Y, Han W, Han T, Huang X. Late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with advanced leukemia: differences in ATG dosage are key. Int J Hematol. 2013 Jul;98(1):89-95. doi: 10.1007/s12185-013-1350-8. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
PubMed 23632950Wang Y, Liu QF, Xu LP, Liu KY, Zhang XH, Ma X, Fan ZP, Wu DP, Huang XJ. Haploidentical vs identical-sibling transplant for AML in remission: a multicenter, prospective study. Blood. 2015 Jun 18;125(25):3956-62. doi: 10.1182/blood-2015-02-627786. Epub 2015 May 4.
PubMed 25940714Sun Y, Beohou E, Labopin M, Volin L, Milpied N, Yakoub-Agha I, Piemontese S, Polge E, Houhou M, Huang XJ, Mohty M, Nagler A, Gorin NC; Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT. Unmanipulated haploidentical versus matched unrelated donor allogeneic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia in first remission: a retrospective pair-matched comparative study of the Beijing approach with the EBMT database. Haematologica. 2016 Aug;101(8):e352-4. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2015.140509. Epub 2016 Apr 14. No abstract available.
PubMed 27081180Chang YJ, Huang XJ. Haploidentical stem cell transplantation: anti-thymocyte globulin-based experience. Semin Hematol. 2016 Apr;53(2):82-9. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2016.01.004. Epub 2016 Jan 18.
PubMed 27000731Wang Y, Wu DP, Liu QF, Qin YZ, Wang JB, Xu LP, Liu YR, Zhu HH, Chen J, Dai M, Huang XJ. In adults with t(8;21)AML, posttransplant RUNX1/RUNX1T1-based MRD monitoring, rather than c-KIT mutations, allows further risk stratification. Blood. 2014 Sep 18;124(12):1880-6. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-03-563403.
PubMed 25082877
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 May 2016. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Safety and Efficacy Study of Busulfan/FLAG Conditioning Regimen in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Acute Leukemia Undergoing Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02784561
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 81370666-2
- Conditions
- Leukemia
- Keywords
- allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, conditioning regimen, acute leukemia, relapsed/refractory
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Chinese PLA General HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing Naval General Hospital, Space Center Hospital, Peking University
- Study start
- Jul 2016
- Primary completion
- Jul 2019 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Jul 2020 (estimated)
- First posted
- 27 May 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of Busulfan/FLAG (fludarabine, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) Conditioning Regimen in Patients with Relapsed/refractory Acute Leukemia undergoing allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
Detailed description
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the only way to cure relapsed/refractory acute leukemia. Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide (BuCy, Cytarabine, Busulfan, Cyclophosphamide) has been a classical conditioning regimen for allo-SCT. Substitution of Cyclophosphamide in the BuCy regimen with Fludarabine (BuF) resulted in reduced toxicity and similar efficacy. FLAG (fludarabine, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) is a chemotherapy regimen that has been proved to be effective for relapsed/refractory acute leukemia as salvage therapy. To reduce the relapse and improve the survival of those patients with relapsed/refractory acute leukemia who receive allo-SCT, the novel conditioning regimen consisting of Busulfan/FLAG was developed. The combination of Bu and FLAG without interval shortens the duration of conditioning and the pneutropenic period of the patient compared with successive administration of FLAG followed with BuF. In addition, regarding the established safety and efficacy of BuF and FLAG, it is reasonable to expect similar safety and enhanced antileukemic efficacy for Bu/FLAG compared with BuF. In this study, the safety and efficacy of this regimen in patients with relapsed/refractory acute leukemia undergoing allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was investigated.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Busulfan/FLAG conditioning regimen | Experimental | Drug: Busulfan (Zhejiang Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd), Drug: Cytarabine(Actavis Italy S.p.A), Drug: Fludarabine (Bayer), Drug: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (KirinKunpeng), Drug: rabbit ATG(Sanofi/Genzyme)All recipients in this arm received the conditioning regimen consisting of Busulfan/FLAG (fludarabine, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor). The conditioning regimen for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation consisted of busulfan (3.2 mg/kg/ day intravenously [i.v.], days -10 to -8), fludarabine (30 mg/m2, day -7 to -3), cytarabine (1.6 g/m2/day, days -7 to -3), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (5 ug/ kg, day -8 to -3). ATG (Thymoglobuline, rabbit) for haploidentical and matched unrelated donors transplantation recipients was used on 2.5 mg/kg/d from days -5 to -2). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 12 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- relapsed/refractory acute leukemia regardless of cytogenetics
- All patients should aged 12 to 65 years
- Have matched sibling donors, ≥8/10 HLA(human leukocyte antigen) matched unrelated donors or haploidentical donors
- Patients without any uncontrolled infections or without severe pulmonary, renal, hepatic or cardiac diseases
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients aged less than 12 years old
- Patients with any uncontrolled infections or with severe pulmonary, renal, hepatic or cardiac diseases
- Acute myeloid leukemia patients with t (15;17)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Busulfan (Zhejiang Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd)Also: Myleran, Busulfexbusulfan (3.2 mg/kg/day intravenously [i.v.], days -10 to -8) | Drug | Busulfan/FLAG conditioning regimen |
| Cytarabine(Actavis Italy S.p.A)Also: Ara-Ccytarabine (1.6 g/m2/day, days -7 to -3) | Drug | Busulfan/FLAG conditioning regimen |
| Fludarabine (Bayer)Also: fludarabine phosphate (Fludara)fludarabine (30 mg/m2, day -7 to -3), | Drug | Busulfan/FLAG conditioning regimen |
| granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (KirinKunpeng)Also: G-CSF(granulocyte colony-stimulating factor )granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (5 ug/kg, day -8 to granulocyte recovery) | Drug | Busulfan/FLAG conditioning regimen |
| rabbit ATG(Sanofi/Genzyme)Also: ThymoglobulineATG; thymoglobuline, rabbit;2.5 mg/kg/day, days -5 to -2 | Drug | Busulfan/FLAG conditioning regimen |
Primary outcome
Number of participants relapse as assessed by NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network )criteria
Time frame: two years
5 secondary outcomes
Rate of Complete Remission as assessed by NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network )criteria
Time frame: 30 days
DFS(disease-free survival )
Time frame: two years
TRM(treatment-related mortality )
Time frame: two years
Number of participants with aGVHD as assessed by acute graft versus host disease grading criteria (refer to Glucksberg criteria)
Time frame: three months
Number of participants with Regimen-related adverse events as assessed by National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.03
Time frame: 30 days
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 May 2016.
- Background: PubMed 23243288Forman SJ, Rowe JM. The myth of the second remission of acute leukemia in the adult. Blood. 2013 Feb 14;121(7):1077-82. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-08-234492. Epub 2012 Dec 14.
- Background: PubMed 25881847Tang W, Fan X, Wang L, Hu J. Busulfan and fludarabine conditioning regimen given at hematological nadir of cytoreduction fludarabine, cytarabine, and idarubicin chemotherapy in patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a single arm pilot consort study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Apr;94(15):e706. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000706.
- Background: PubMed 26283567Middeke JM, Herbst R, Parmentier S, Bug G, Hanel M, Stuhler G, Schafer-Eckart K, Rosler W, Klein S, Bethge W, Bitz U, Buttner B, Knoth H, Alakel N, Schaich M, Morgner A, Kramer M, Sockel K, von Bonin M, Stolzel F, Platzbecker U, Rollig C, Thiede C, Ehninger G, Bornhauser M, Schetelig J. Clofarabine salvage therapy before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with relapsed or refractory AML: results of the BRIDGE trial. Leukemia. 2016 Feb;30(2):261-7. doi: 10.1038/leu.2015.226. Epub 2015 Aug 18.
- Background: PubMed 23632950Fu H, Xu L, Liu D, Zhang X, Liu K, Chen H, Wang Y, Han W, Han T, Huang X. Late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with advanced leukemia: differences in ATG dosage are key. Int J Hematol. 2013 Jul;98(1):89-95. doi: 10.1007/s12185-013-1350-8. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
- Background: PubMed 25940714Wang Y, Liu QF, Xu LP, Liu KY, Zhang XH, Ma X, Fan ZP, Wu DP, Huang XJ. Haploidentical vs identical-sibling transplant for AML in remission: a multicenter, prospective study. Blood. 2015 Jun 18;125(25):3956-62. doi: 10.1182/blood-2015-02-627786. Epub 2015 May 4.
- Background: PubMed 27081180Sun Y, Beohou E, Labopin M, Volin L, Milpied N, Yakoub-Agha I, Piemontese S, Polge E, Houhou M, Huang XJ, Mohty M, Nagler A, Gorin NC; Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT. Unmanipulated haploidentical versus matched unrelated donor allogeneic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia in first remission: a retrospective pair-matched comparative study of the Beijing approach with the EBMT database. Haematologica. 2016 Aug;101(8):e352-4. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2015.140509. Epub 2016 Apr 14. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 27000731Chang YJ, Huang XJ. Haploidentical stem cell transplantation: anti-thymocyte globulin-based experience. Semin Hematol. 2016 Apr;53(2):82-9. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2016.01.004. Epub 2016 Jan 18.
- Background: PubMed 25082877Wang Y, Wu DP, Liu QF, Qin YZ, Wang JB, Xu LP, Liu YR, Zhu HH, Chen J, Dai M, Huang XJ. In adults with t(8;21)AML, posttransplant RUNX1/RUNX1T1-based MRD monitoring, rather than c-KIT mutations, allows further risk stratification. Blood. 2014 Sep 18;124(12):1880-6. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-03-563403.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Leukemia
RecruitingPhase 2
Tafasitamab With Acalabrutinib and Venetoclax for the Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
Enrolling by invitationObservational study
Natural History Study of Early Life Exposures in Agriculture (ELEA)
Prostate Cancer, Leukemia
RecruitingPhase 1
A Study of CHM-029 in Participants With NPM1 Mutated, KMT2A or NUP98 Rearranged AML
AML (Acute Myeloid Leukemia)
RecruitingPhase 1
Vididencel in CML-CP Patients With MRD
CML (Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia)
RecruitingPhase 2
Testing New Therapies for Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Who Are Newly Diagnosed and Have Not Yet Started Treatment (A MyeloMATCH Treatment Trial)
Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising From Previous Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Daihong Liu, Doctor study director
Chinese PLA General Hospital
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Busulfan (Zhejiang Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd), Cytarabine(Actavis Italy S.p.A) and Fludarabine (Bayer) in people with Leukemia, run by Chinese PLA General Hospital.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 May 2016. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Daihong Liu, Doctor (86-13681171597, daihongrm@163.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of participants relapse as assessed by NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network )criteria (time frame: two years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02784561, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 May 2016.