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Smoking CessationNCT02804880

Building Capacity and Promoting Smoking Cessation in the Community Via "Quit to Win" Contest 2016

A study testing HAR, LTM and AWARD in people with Smoking Cessation, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in China.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The present study will examine (1) the effectiveness of personalised active referral to smoking cessation (SC) services and text messaging on encouraging SC services (2) explore the use of CBPR model to build capacity and to engage community partners in taking on this important public health issue for sustainability… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Smoking Cessation
What is being tested?
HAR, LTM and AWARD
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
1,200 participants
Where
1 siteChina
Study dates
1 Jun 2016to 31 Aug 2017
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Hong Kong residents aged 18 or above
  • Smoke at least 1 cigarette per day in the past 3 months
  • Able to communicate in Cantonese
  • Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) 4 ppm or above, assessed by a validated CO smokerlyzer
  • Have Intention to quit / reduce smoking

Who cannot join

  • Smokers who have difficulties (either physical or cognitive condition) to communicate
  • Currently following other smoking cessation programs

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

China1 site

  • The Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH)

    Hong Kong

Other trials in China

About this study

Official title: Building Capacity and Promoting Smoking Cessation in the Community Via "Quit to Win" Contest 2016: a Single-blind Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial on High Intensity Active Referral and Simple Text Messaging to Achieve Abstinence

The present study will examine (1) the effectiveness of personalised active referral to smoking cessation (SC) services and text messaging on encouraging SC services (2) explore the use of CBPR model to build capacity and to engage community partners in taking on this important public health issue for sustainability in the community. In addition, process evaluation will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the recruitment activity and how it is linked with the overall program outcomes.

Read the detailed description

Although smoking prevalence is decreasing in Hong Kong, there are still 641,300 daily smokers (10.5%; Census and Statistics Department, 2015) and half will be killed by smoking (Lam, 2012) which accounts for over 7,000 deaths per year (Lam, Ho, Hedley, Mak, \& Peto, 2001). Smoking also accounts for a large amount of medical cost, long-term care and productivity loss of US$688 million (0.6% Hong Kong GDP) (Census \& Statistics Department, 2001; McGhee et al., 2006) . Smoking is a highly addictive behavior and it is difficult for smokers with strong nicotine dependence to quit without assistance. On the other hand, reaching and helping the many smokers who have no intention to quit is a challenge, because they are unlikely to seek professional help from smoking cessation services.

The Quit and Win programme provides an opportunity to reach and encourage a large group of smokers to make quit attempt and maintain abstinence. The Quit and Win model posits that smokers participating in the contest will have higher motivation to quit with incentives and better social support (Cahill \& Perera, 2011). Studies have found that such quitting contests or incentive programs appeared to reach a large number of smokers and demonstrated a significantly higher quit rate for the quit and win group than for the control group (Cahill \& Perera, 2015).

Smoking cessation services in Hong Kong are under-used with most of the adult daily smokers (79.6%) who had never used smoking cessation services (Census and Statistics Department, 2015). Among these smokers, only 2.4% were willing to use the services. Our previous RCT in previous QTW Contest 2015 evaluated the effects of low-intensity active referral (LAR) vs. very brief general SC advice (VBA) on quitting. LAR included onsite AWARD counselling and collection of smokers' personal contact information for SC services providers to connect with the smokers. Findings at 3-month follow-up of this RCT suggested the LAR intervention resulted in significantly higher self-reported quit rate than VBA in the control group (18.7% vs 14.0%. P<0.001).

It is warranted to evaluate if a higher intensity active referral (HAR) and/or text messaging on encouraging SC services use can achieve even higher quit rate when compared with only VBA is given in the control group. Noted the use of text-messaging is the cheaper method than HAR. By using the same design of control group in QTW 2015, we can combine and compare the 2 years QTW intervention of HAR, LAR and text-messaging using network meta-analysis. This will contribute to finding out a more cost-effective way to increase the quit rate through using SC services.

Therefore, the present study will examine (1) the effectiveness of personalised active referral to smoking cessation (SC) services and text messaging on encouraging SC services (2) explore the use of CBPR model to build capacity and to engage community partners in taking on this important public health issue for sustainability in the community. In addition, process evaluation will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the recruitment activity and how it is linked with the overall program outcomes.

Being tested
HAR, LTM, AWARD, Referral card, A4 leaflet
Keywords
Smoking cessation, Quit to Win, Brief intervention, Personalized active referral, Instant messaging, SMS, Smoking Cessation Intervention
Medical subject headings
Smoking Cessation

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • HARBehavioural

    Also called Higher intensity and personalized active referral (HAR)

    Smokers will be introduced to various smoking cessation (SC) services in Hong Kong (using the referral card) and be motivated to use the services. Field research staff will assist on-site booking SC services for smokers. Tailored messages, including: harm of smoking, benefit of smoking cessation, importance of adherence to smoking cessation appointment and encouragement on abstinence will be sent via instant messaging (IM) services (e.g. WhatsApp, WeChat) to smokers after initial contact.

  • LTMBehavioural

    Also called Low-intensity text messaging on using SC services (LTM)

    Fix-schedule SMS messages will be sent to encourage them to book the smoking cessation services appointment. Smokers are required to book the SC appointments by themselves.

  • AWARDBehavioural

    Also called Ask, Warn, Advise, Refer, Do-it-again

    Ask about smoking history, Warn about the high risk of smoking, Advise to quit as soon as possible, Refer to the smoking cessation services, and Do it again: to repeat the intervention during tel. follow-ups.

  • Referral cardOther

    Also called Smoking Cessation Service Card

    The 3-folded "Smoking Cessation Services" card consists of brief information and highlights of existing smoking cessation services, contact methods, motivation information and strong supporting messages or slogans.

  • A4 leafletOther

    Also called Brief leaflet on health warning and smoking cessation

    The 2-side color printed A4 leaflet, which systematically covers the most important messages to motivate smoking cessation

  • Brief adviceBehavioural

    Also called Brief smoking cessation advice

    Very brief, minimal and general smoking cessation advice

  • 12-page bookletOther

    Also called 12-page smoking cessation booklet

    12-page smoking cessation self-help booklet

Study groups in NCT02804880
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Group AExperimentalHAR + AWARD + Referral Card + A4 leaflet
Receives: Behavioral: HAR; Behavioral: AWARD; Other: Referral card; Other: A4 leaflet
Group BExperimentalLTM + AWARD + Referral Card + A4 leaflet
Receives: Behavioral: LTM; Behavioral: AWARD; Other: Referral card; Other: A4 leaflet
Group CActive comparatorBrief advice + 12-page booklet
Receives: Behavioral: Brief advice; Other: 12-page booklet

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. smoking quit rate change from baseline at 3-month follow-up

    The primary outcomes are self-reported 7-day point prevalence (pp) quit rate at 3 month among the three groups

    Measured: 3-month follow-up

  2. smoking quit rate change from baseline at 6-month follow-up

    The primary outcomes are self-reported 7-day point prevalence (pp) quit rate at 3 month among the three groups

    Measured: 6-month follow-up

Secondary outcomes (10)

  1. Biochemical validated quit rate

    biochemically validated quit rates at 3 month in the three groups

    Measured: 3-month follow-up

  2. Biochemical validated quit rate

    biochemically validated quit rates at 6 month in the three groups

    Measured: 6-month follow-up

  3. Smoking reduction rate change from baseline at 3-month follow-up

    rate of smoking reduction by at least half of baseline amount in the three groups

    Measured: 3-month follow-up

  4. Smoking reduction rate change from baseline at 6-month follow-up

    rate of smoking reduction by at least half of baseline amount in the three groups

    Measured: 6-month follow-up

  5. Smoking quit attempt change from baseline at 3-month follow-up

    number of quit attempts at 3 month among the three groups

    Measured: 3-month follow-up

  6. Smoking quit attempt change from baseline at 6-month follow-up

    number of quit attempts at 6 month among the three groups

    Measured: 6-month follow-up

  7. quit rate for all subjects change from baseline at 3- and 6-month follow-up

    the above cessation and reduction outcomes of all subjects participating in Quit to Win contest 2016

    Measured: 3 and 6 months follow-up

  8. Reduction rate for all subjects change from baseline at 3- and 6-month follow-up

    the above cessation and reduction outcomes of all subjects participating in Quit to Win contest 2016

    Measured: 3 and 6 months follow-up

  9. Use of smoking cessation service

    use of smoking cessation at 3 and 6 month follow-up among three groups

    Measured: 3 and 6 months follow-up

  10. Use of smoking cessation service for all subjects

    Use of smoking cessation service for all subjects participating in Quit to Win contest 2016

    Measured: 3 and 6 months follow-up

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted17 Jun 2016 (estimated)
  2. Study start1 Jun 2016
  3. Primary completion30 Apr 2017
  4. Study completion31 Aug 2017

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Health services research
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Participant
Enrolment
1,200 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT02804880
Sponsor's protocol ID
QTW2016
Status last verified
Oct 2016
First submitted
14 Jun 2016
Last updated
26 Oct 2017
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
Individual data sharing
Undecided

Publications

  • Zeng Y, Wu YS, Luk TT, Zhao SZ, Guo Z, Li Y, Tong HSC, Lai VWY, Cheung YTD, Lam TH, Wang MP. Quitting trajectories of Hong Kong Chinese smokers receiving behavioral smoking cessation interventions: A post hoc analysis of eight randomized controlled trials. Addiction. 2026 Jun;121(6):1568-1579. doi: 10.1111/add.70328. Epub 2026 Jan 17.

    PubMed 41546550

  • Weng X, Wang MP, Suen YN, Li WHC, Wu Y, Cheung DYT, Kwong ACS, Lai VWY, Chan SSC, Lam TH. Comparing different intensities of active referral to smoking cessation services in promoting smoking cessation among community smokers: a study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2018 Jul 4;18(1):830. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5782-1.

    PubMed 29973191

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing HAR, LTM and AWARD in people with Smoking Cessation, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in China.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Oct 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

smoking quit rate change from baseline at 3-month follow-up (time frame: 3-month follow-up). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02804880, which also lists 2 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Oct 2017.

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