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ObesityNCT02857543

Plant-Based, American Heart Assoc. or Mediterranean Diets In 9-18 yo With BMI >95%, Cholesterol >169 and Their Parents

A study testing Plant-Based Diet, American Heart Association Diet and Mediterranean Diet in people with Obesity and Hypercholesterolemia, run by The Cleveland Clinic at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of a PB no- added-fat and the AHA and MED in obese (BMI >95%) children ages 9-18 with hypercholesterolemia (>169 mg/dl) and a parent or guardian. Eligible patients will be identified by utilizing the Pediatric Obesity Registry. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 9 to 18 years
What is being tested?
Plant-Based Diet, American Heart Association Diet and Mediterranean Diet
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
180 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
Jun 2016to 25 Oct 2021
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 9 to 18 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Child, Adult

Who may be able to join

  • children ages 9-18
  • obese (BMI >95%)
  • hypercholesterolemia (>169 mg/dl)

Who cannot join

  • pregnant women

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Cleveland Clinic

    Cleveland, Ohio, 44195

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Plant-Based, No-Added-Fat or American Heart Association or Mediterranean Diets a Prospective Randomized Trial: Impact on Cardiovascular Risk in Obese Children With Hypercholesterolemia and in One of Their Parents

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of a PB no- added-fat and the AHA and MED in obese (BMI >95%) children ages 9-18 with hypercholesterolemia (>169 mg/dl) and a parent or guardian. Eligible patients will be identified by utilizing the Pediatric Obesity Registry. When possible, in-person discussions or phone calls with their primary or tertiary care physicians will introduce eligible patients and their parents to the study. All eligible patients and parents will receive letters describing the study and requesting their participation. Subjects can choose not to participate in the study, and their health care will not be affected in any way. Subjects not participating will be asked if they are willing to answer a brief questionnaire about why they chose not to participate. The proposed study will be carried out for a total of 52 weeks. The investigators expect to recruit a total of 180 participants (30 children and 30 parents/guardians in each of the three groups). Each child and parent/guardian pair will be randomly assigned to either PB no-added-fat, AHA or MED.

Read the detailed description

Background: There is a need to have effective lifestyle modifications that target the growing group of obese children with dyslipidemia. The beneficial health effects of plant-based (PB) diets in adults are known. Studies have suggested that a low-fat vegan diet (no animal products) may promote weight loss, lower body mass index (BMI), and improve lipoprotein profiles and insulin sensitivity and possibly prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD).1-5 Those who follow a vegetarian diet(no animal products except for dairy and/or eggs) typically have lower cholesterol levels and a lower risk for heart disease than non-vegetarians.6-8 Additionally, vegetarian diets have been shown to not only prevent but reverse heart disease in adults.9-11 The three major diets emphasized in the 2015 United States Dietary Guidelines are a Plant-based Diet (PB), and the American Heart Association-like Diet (AHA) and Mediterranean Diet (MED).(11) Similar to the PB, the AHA diet encourage fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low sodium intake but permits non-whole grains, low-fat dairy, selected plant oils, and lean meat and fish in moderation. The MED, is similar to AHA with more emphasis on fish and extra virgin olive oil and/or nuts).

Study Aims: The primary aim of this study is to determine whether a PB and/or AHA and/or MED diets significantly change anthropometric measurements and/or biomarkers of CVD risk after a 4 and 52-week intervention in obese children with hypercholesterolemia ages 9-18 years and one of their parents. The investigators also aim to prospectively determine for the first time in children and adults if there are significant outcome differences between the three diets highlighted in the 2015 U.S. Dietary Guidelines.

Protocol Summary The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of a PB no- added-fat and the AHA and MED in obese (BMI >95%) children ages 9-18 with hypercholesterolemia (>169 mg/dl) and a parent or guardian. Eligible patients will be identified by utilizing the Pediatric Obesity Registry. When possible, in-person discussions or phone calls with their primary or tertiary care physicians will introduce eligible patients and their parents to the study. All eligible patients and parents will receive letters describing the study and requesting their participation. Subjects can choose not to participate in the study, and their health care will not be affected in any way. Subjects not participating will be asked if they are willing to answer a brief questionnaire about why they chose not to participate. The proposed study will be carried out for a total of 52 weeks. The investigators expect to recruit a total of 180 participants (30 children and 30 parents/guardians in each of the three groups). Each child and parent/guardian pair will be randomly assigned to either PB no-added-fat, AHA or MED.

Procedures of the study:

Eligible patients and parent/guardian pairs who are interested in participating in the study will have an initial phone call with the study team to answer any questions regarding the study. Informed consent, or assent for children under age 18, will then be obtained by study team investigators face-to-face with the parent/guardian and child pairs prior to the start of the study at a mutually convenient time and place at Cleveland Clinic Regional and Main Campus sites. Patient and parent/guardian pairs will be randomized to one of the three diets at the first study visit.

Throughout the 52 week diet study, participants will be asked to attend group sessions held on Saturdays during weeks 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 52 to learn about their assigned diets and receive support for their efforts. There will Saturday support sessions during weeks 6, 10, 16, 24, 34, and 46 and support phone calls every 2 weeks.

The participants will also provide 24 hour dietary recalls of 2 weekdays and 1 weekend day on three time points: before the first study visit, between weeks 2 and 4, and then between weeks 48 and 52.

Participants will have fasting blood tests to assess biomarkers of cardiovascular risk and anthropometric measurements will be performed weeks 0, 4, and 52. Stool and urine specimens will be obtained for possible future testing for microbiome, genomic data and markers of cardiovascular risk at weeks 0, 4, and 52.

Being tested
Plant-Based Diet, American Heart Association Diet, Mediterranean Diet
Medical subject headings
Obesity, Hypercholesterolemia, Cardiovascular Diseases

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Plant-Based DietOther

  • American Heart Association DietOther

  • Mediterranean DietOther

Study groups in NCT02857543
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
plant-based dietActive comparatorPlant-based diet with as few added oils and fats as possible
Receives: Other: Plant-Based Diet
American Heart AssociationActive comparatorDiet encourages fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low sodium intake but permits non-whole grains, low-fat dairy, selected plant oils, and lean meat and fish in moderation.
Receives: Other: American Heart Association Diet
MediterraneanActive comparatorDiet encourages fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low sodium intake but permits non-whole grains, low-fat dairy, selected plant oils, with more emphasis on fish and extra virgin olive oil and/or nuts.
Receives: Other: Mediterranean Diet

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change from baseline Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Risk at 4 weeks and 52 weeks

    Change in lipid panel, myeloperoxidase, hs C-reactive protein, insulin, glucose, HgbA1C, ALT, AST levels at 4 weeks and 52 weeks after baseline

    Measured: baseline, 4 weeks, 52 weeks

Secondary outcomes (3)
  1. Change from baseline weight at 4 weeks and 52 weeks

    Change in kilograms at 4 weeks and 52 weeks after baseline

    Measured: baseline, 4 weeks, 52 weeks

  2. Change from baseline blood pressure at 4 weeks and 52 weeks

    Change in systolic blood pressure in mm Hg at 4 weeks and 52 weeks after baseline

    Measured: baseline, 4 weeks, 52 weeks

  3. Change in baseline waist circumference at 4 weeks and 52 weeks

    Change in centimeters at 4 weeks and 52 weeks after baseline

    Measured: baseline, 4 weeks, 52 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted5 Aug 2016 (estimated)
  2. Study startJun 2016
  3. Primary completion30 Sep 2017
  4. Study completion25 Oct 2021

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
180 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT02857543
Sponsor's protocol ID
16-745
Status last verified
Nov 2021
First submitted
1 Jul 2016
Last updated
15 Nov 2021
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Barnard ND, Cohen J, Jenkins DJ, Turner-McGrievy G, Gloede L, Jaster B, Seidl K, Green AA, Talpers S. A low-fat vegan diet improves glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in a randomized clinical trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006 Aug;29(8):1777-83. doi: 10.2337/dc06-0606.

    PubMed 16873779
  • Barnard ND, Scialli AR, Turner-McGrievy G, Lanou AJ, Glass J. The effects of a low-fat, plant-based dietary intervention on body weight, metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Am J Med. 2005 Sep;118(9):991-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.03.039.

    PubMed 16164885
  • Ferdowsian HR, Barnard ND. Effects of plant-based diets on plasma lipids. Am J Cardiol. 2009 Oct 1;104(7):947-56. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.05.032.

    PubMed 19766762
  • Mishra S, Xu J, Agarwal U, Gonzales J, Levin S, Barnard ND. A multicenter randomized controlled trial of a plant-based nutrition program to reduce body weight and cardiovascular risk in the corporate setting: the GEICO study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 Jul;67(7):718-24. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.92. Epub 2013 May 22.

    PubMed 23695207
  • Turner-McGrievy GM, Barnard ND, Scialli AR. A two-year randomized weight loss trial comparing a vegan diet to a more moderate low-fat diet. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Sep;15(9):2276-81. doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.270.

    PubMed 17890496
  • Fraser GE. Vegetarian diets: what do we know of their effects on common chronic diseases? Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 May;89(5):1607S-1612S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736K. Epub 2009 Mar 25.

    PubMed 19321569
  • Hu FB. Plant-based foods and prevention of cardiovascular disease: an overview. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3 Suppl):544S-551S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/78.3.544S.

    PubMed 12936948
  • Tuso PJ, Ismail MH, Ha BP, Bartolotto C. Nutritional update for physicians: plant-based diets. Perm J. 2013 Spring;17(2):61-6. doi: 10.7812/TPP/12-085.

    PubMed 23704846
  • Esselstyn CB Jr, Gendy G, Doyle J, Golubic M, Roizen MF. A way to reverse CAD? J Fam Pract. 2014 Jul;63(7):356-364b.

    PubMed 25198208
  • Ornish D, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH, Brown SE, Gould KL, Merritt TA, Sparler S, Armstrong WT, Ports TA, Kirkeeide RL, Hogeboom C, Brand RJ. Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 1998 Dec 16;280(23):2001-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.23.2001.

    PubMed 9863851
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 8th Edition. December 2015. Available at http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/

  • Macknin M, Kong T, Weier A, Worley S, Tang AS, Alkhouri N, Golubic M. Plant-based, no-added-fat or American Heart Association diets: impact on cardiovascular risk in obese children with hypercholesterolemia and their parents. J Pediatr. 2015 Apr;166(4):953-9.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.12.058. Epub 2015 Feb 12.

    PubMed 25684089

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Plant-Based Diet, American Heart Association Diet and Mediterranean Diet in people with Obesity and Hypercholesterolemia, run by The Cleveland Clinic at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Nov 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change from baseline Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Risk at 4 weeks and 52 weeks (time frame: baseline, 4 weeks, 52 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02857543, which also lists 12 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Nov 2021.

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