Arthroscopic Shoulder SurgeryPhase 4NCT02867904
Intra-Operative Corticosteroid Injection During Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery
A Phase 4 study testing Methylprednisolone (40 mg depomedrol, 1ml, injection) and Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection) in people with Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery and Intra-articular Debridement, run by Peter Chang at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of intra-operative subacromial corticosteroid injections in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery on quality of life scores and activity level when compared to a control group. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery, Intra-articular Debridement, Subacromial Decompression
- What is being tested?
- Methylprednisolone (40 mg depomedrol, 1ml, injection) and Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection)
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 12 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Mar 2016to Apr 2020
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients aged 18 years-old or older
- Male patients
- Female patients
- Patients able to speak and understand written English
- Patients presenting to the orthopedic institute clinic with shoulder pain and necessitating the procedure of arthroscopic shoulder surgery
- Specific arthroscopic procedures include: intra-articular debridement, decompression, acromioplasty, and acromioclavicular joint resection
Who cannot join
- Patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery that includes other interventions (i.e. rotator cuff repair; labral repair, etc)
- Patients with adhesive capsulitis
- Patients with significant cervical spine symptoms and/or pathology
- Patients having a history of receiving chronic pain treatment
- Patients who are currently pregnant or who become pregnant before surgery
- Patients who cannot speak or understand written english
- Patients who are under the age of 18 years of age
- As per exclusionary criteria if a subject is pregnant they will not be eligible for participation.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Orthopedic Institute
Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 57105
About this study
Official title: Efficacy of Intra-operative Subacromial Corticosteroid Injections on Surgical Outcomes After Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery
The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of intra-operative subacromial corticosteroid injections in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery on quality of life scores and activity level when compared to a control group.
Read the detailed description
This study is designed to assess whether a subacromial injection of corticosteroids at the time of arthroscopic shoulder surgery influences quality of life scores and activity level when compared to a control group. The hypothesis is that intra-operative subacromial corticosteroid injection after arthroscopic subacromial decompression surgery will provide a more rapid improvement in quality of life scores and activity levels in the post-operative period compared with controls. The study will be a placebo-controlled, double-blind prospective study. All patients necessitating arthroscopic shoulder surgery presenting to Dr. Keith Baumgarten's clinics are eligible for participation. If the patient meets the inclusion criteria, then informed consent will be obtained for participation in this study. Each patient will undergo a standard shoulder exam to assess active range of motion and complete demographics and pre-operative patient determined outcomes surveys (1. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) 2. Simple Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) 3. Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC)) and the Marx shoulder activity level survey (MARX). Patients will then undergo arthroscopic shoulder surgery. After arthroscopic surgery the experimental group will undergo a subacromial corticosteroid injection + marcaine while the control group will undergo a subacromial marcaine injection. Outcomes will be assessed using the same quality of life surveys and an activity level survey at post-operative visits at the time intervals: 2 weeks and 3 months and by U.S. mail at 5 months and 1 year. Active range of motion will be assessed at post-operative visits: 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months. Subjects that meet criteria to undergo arthroscopic shoulder surgery will be provided informed consent to receiving either a subacromial corticosteroid injection or placebo injection at the end of surgery. Patients will be expected to complete all pre- and post-operative quality of life surveys and activity level surveys. It will take less than 20 minutes to complete all listed surveys at each pre- and post-operative visit. Active range of motion will be assessed at each post-operative visit and subjects will be expected to take part in this physical examination as well. The duration of subject participation is 1 year from the date of initial surgery.
- Conditions
- Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery, Intra-articular Debridement, Subacromial Decompression, Acromioplasty, Acromioclavicular Joint Resection
- Being tested
- Methylprednisolone (40 mg depomedrol, 1ml, injection), Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection)
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Methylprednisolone (40 mg depomedrol, 1ml, injection)Drug
Experimental Drug
Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection)Drug
Control
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Placebo comparator | After arthroscopic surgery the control group (Group A) will undergo a subacromial marcaine injection (standard of care). Receives: Drug: Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection) |
| Group B | Experimental | After arthroscopic surgery the experimental group (Group B) will undergo a subacromial corticosteroid injection+marcaine. Receives: Drug: Methylprednisolone (40 mg depomedrol, 1ml, injection); Drug: Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Survey (DASH)
Measured: 1 year
Secondary outcomes (4)
Active Range of Motion of Shoulder
Change from baseline active range of motion will be assessed. Range of motion of the shoulder joint will be examined by having the patient actively flex, extend, abduct, adduct, internally rotate, and externally rotate the shoulder
Measured: Pre-operatively and Post-operatively at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months
Simple Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE)
Measured: 1 year
Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Survey (WORC)
Measured: 1 year
Marx Shoulder Activity Level Survey (MARX)
Measured: 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted16 Aug 2016 (estimated)
- Study startMar 2016
- Primary completionApr 2020
- Study completionApr 2020
Why it stopped: It was difficult to recruit patients to get the appropriate sample size.
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (19)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Arthroscopic Shoulder SurgeryStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 12 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Peter Chang
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Peter Chang, University of South Dakota
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02867904
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2016.128
- Status last verified
- May 2021
- First submitted
- 20 Jul 2016
- Last updated
- 6 May 2021
- Results posted
- No
Publications
Bhattacharjee DP, Biswas C, Haldar P, Ghosh S, Piplai G, Rudra JS. Efficacy of intraarticular dexamethasone for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Jul;30(3):387-90. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.137273.
PubMed 25190949Kim YJ, Lee GY, Kim DY, Kim CH, Baik HJ, Heo S. Dexamathasone added to levobupivacaine improves postoperative analgesia in ultrasound guided interscalene brachial plexus blockade for arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2012 Feb;62(2):130-4. doi: 10.4097/kjae.2012.62.2.130. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
PubMed 22379567Stan T, Goodman EJ, Bravo-Fernandez C, Holbrook CR. Adding methylprednisolone to local anesthetic increases the duration of axillary block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2004 Jul-Aug;29(4):380-1. doi: 10.1016/j.rapm.2004.03.006. No abstract available.
PubMed 15305267Attardi B, Takimoto K, Gealy R, Severns C, Levitan ES. Glucocorticoid induced up-regulation of a pituitary K+ channel mRNA in vitro and in vivo. Recept Channels. 1993;1(4):287-93.
PubMed 8081726Singelyn FJ, Lhotel L, Fabre B. Pain relief after arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a comparison of intraarticular analgesia, suprascapular nerve block, and interscalene brachial plexus block. Anesth Analg. 2004 Aug;99(2):589-92, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000125112.83117.49.
PubMed 15271745Cancienne JM, Gwathmey FW, Werner BC. Intraoperative Corticosteroid Injection at the Time of Knee Arthroscopy Is Associated With Increased Postoperative Infection Rates in a Large Medicare Population. Arthroscopy. 2016 Jan;32(1):90-5. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2015.09.003. Epub 2015 Nov 6.
PubMed 26553960Arroll B, Goodyear-Smith F. Corticosteroid injections for osteoarthritis of the knee: meta-analysis. BMJ. 2004 Apr 10;328(7444):869. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38039.573970.7C. Epub 2004 Mar 23.
PubMed 15039276Koyonos L, Yanke AB, McNickle AG, Kirk SS, Kang RW, Lewis PB, Cole BJ. A randomized, prospective, double-blind study to investigate the effectiveness of adding DepoMedrol to a local anesthetic injection in postmeniscectomy patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Am J Sports Med. 2009 Jun;37(6):1077-82. doi: 10.1177/0363546508331204. Epub 2009 Mar 11.
PubMed 19279226Highgenboten CL, Jackson AW, Meske NB. Arthroscopy of the knee. Ten-day pain profiles and corticosteroids. Am J Sports Med. 1993 Jul-Aug;21(4):503-6. doi: 10.1177/036354659302100404.
PubMed 8368408Armstrong RW, Bolding F. Septic arthritis after arthroscopy: the contributing roles of intraarticular steroids and environmental factors. Am J Infect Control. 1994 Feb;22(1):16-8. doi: 10.1016/0196-6553(94)90086-8.
PubMed 8172371Fontana C, Di Donato A, Di Giacomo G, Costantini A, De Vita A, Lancia F, Caricati A. Postoperative analgesia for arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a prospective randomized controlled study of intraarticular, subacromial injection, interscalenic brachial plexus block and intraarticular plus subacromial injection efficacy. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2009 Aug;26(8):689-93. doi: 10.1097/eja.0b013e32832d673e.
PubMed 19593887HOLLANDER JL, BROWN EM Jr, JESSAR RA, BROWN CY. Hydrocortisone and cortisone injected into arthritic joints; comparative effects of and use of hydrocortisone as a local antiarthritic agent. J Am Med Assoc. 1951 Dec 22;147(17):1629-35. doi: 10.1001/jama.1951.03670340019005. No abstract available.
PubMed 14880415Sun Y, Chen J, Li H, Jiang J, Chen S. Steroid Injection and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents for Shoulder Pain: A PRISMA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Dec;94(50):e2216. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002216.
PubMed 26683932Tandoc MN, Fan L, Kolesnikov S, Kruglov A, Nader ND. Adjuvant dexamethasone with bupivacaine prolongs the duration of interscalene block: a prospective randomized trial. J Anesth. 2011 Oct;25(5):704-9. doi: 10.1007/s00540-011-1180-x. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
PubMed 21681533Desmet M, Braems H, Reynvoet M, Plasschaert S, Van Cauwelaert J, Pottel H, Carlier S, Missant C, Van de Velde M. I.V. and perineural dexamethasone are equivalent in increasing the analgesic duration of a single-shot interscalene block with ropivacaine for shoulder surgery: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Sep;111(3):445-52. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet109. Epub 2013 Apr 15.
PubMed 23587875
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 May 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Efficacy of Intra-operative Subacromial Corticosteroid Injections on Surgical Outcomes After Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02867904
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2016.128
- Conditions
- Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery, Intra-articular Debridement, Subacromial Decompression, Acromioplasty, Acromioclavicular Joint Resection
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- TerminatedReason stopped: It was difficult to recruit patients to get the appropriate sample size.
- Enrolment
- 12 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Peter ChangUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Mar 2016 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Apr 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- Apr 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 16 Aug 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of intra-operative subacromial corticosteroid injections in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery on quality of life scores and activity level when compared to a control group.
Detailed description
This study is designed to assess whether a subacromial injection of corticosteroids at the time of arthroscopic shoulder surgery influences quality of life scores and activity level when compared to a control group. The hypothesis is that intra-operative subacromial corticosteroid injection after arthroscopic subacromial decompression surgery will provide a more rapid improvement in quality of life scores and activity levels in the post-operative period compared with controls. The study will be a placebo-controlled, double-blind prospective study. All patients necessitating arthroscopic shoulder surgery presenting to Dr. Keith Baumgarten's clinics are eligible for participation. If the patient meets the inclusion criteria, then informed consent will be obtained for participation in this study. Each patient will undergo a standard shoulder exam to assess active range of motion and complete demographics and pre-operative patient determined outcomes surveys (1. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) 2. Simple Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) 3. Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC)) and the Marx shoulder activity level survey (MARX). Patients will then undergo arthroscopic shoulder surgery. After arthroscopic surgery the experimental group will undergo a subacromial corticosteroid injection + marcaine while the control group will undergo a subacromial marcaine injection. Outcomes will be assessed using the same quality of life surveys and an activity level survey at post-operative visits at the time intervals: 2 weeks and 3 months and by U.S. mail at 5 months and 1 year. Active range of motion will be assessed at post-operative visits: 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months. Subjects that meet criteria to undergo arthroscopic shoulder surgery will be provided informed consent to receiving either a subacromial corticosteroid injection or placebo injection at the end of surgery. Patients will be expected to complete all pre- and post-operative quality of life surveys and activity level surveys. It will take less than 20 minutes to complete all listed surveys at each pre- and post-operative visit. Active range of motion will be assessed at each post-operative visit and subjects will be expected to take part in this physical examination as well. The duration of subject participation is 1 year from the date of initial surgery.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Placebo comparator | Drug: Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection)After arthroscopic surgery the control group (Group A) will undergo a subacromial marcaine injection (standard of care). |
| Group B | Experimental | Drug: Methylprednisolone (40 mg depomedrol, 1ml, injection), Drug: Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection)After arthroscopic surgery the experimental group (Group B) will undergo a subacromial corticosteroid injection+marcaine. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Patients aged 18 years-old or older
- Male patients
- Female patients
- Patients able to speak and understand written English
- Patients presenting to the orthopedic institute clinic with shoulder pain and necessitating the procedure of arthroscopic shoulder surgery
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery that includes other interventions (i.e. rotator cuff repair; labral repair, etc)
- Patients with adhesive capsulitis
- Patients with significant cervical spine symptoms and/or pathology
- Patients having a history of receiving chronic pain treatment
- Patients who are currently pregnant or who become pregnant before surgery
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Methylprednisolone (40 mg depomedrol, 1ml, injection)Experimental Drug | Drug | Group B |
| Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection)Control | Drug | Group A, Group B |
Primary outcome
Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Survey (DASH)
Time frame: 1 year
4 secondary outcomes
Active Range of Motion of Shoulder
Time frame: Pre-operatively and Post-operatively at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months
Simple Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE)
Time frame: 1 year
Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Survey (WORC)
Time frame: 1 year
Marx Shoulder Activity Level Survey (MARX)
Time frame: 1 year
Results and safety
The study was stopped early (reason given: It was difficult to recruit patients to get the appropriate sample size.). Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 May 2021.
- Background: PubMed 25190949Bhattacharjee DP, Biswas C, Haldar P, Ghosh S, Piplai G, Rudra JS. Efficacy of intraarticular dexamethasone for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Jul;30(3):387-90. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.137273.
- Background: PubMed 22379567Kim YJ, Lee GY, Kim DY, Kim CH, Baik HJ, Heo S. Dexamathasone added to levobupivacaine improves postoperative analgesia in ultrasound guided interscalene brachial plexus blockade for arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2012 Feb;62(2):130-4. doi: 10.4097/kjae.2012.62.2.130. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
- Background: PubMed 15305267Stan T, Goodman EJ, Bravo-Fernandez C, Holbrook CR. Adding methylprednisolone to local anesthetic increases the duration of axillary block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2004 Jul-Aug;29(4):380-1. doi: 10.1016/j.rapm.2004.03.006. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 8081726Attardi B, Takimoto K, Gealy R, Severns C, Levitan ES. Glucocorticoid induced up-regulation of a pituitary K+ channel mRNA in vitro and in vivo. Recept Channels. 1993;1(4):287-93.
- Background: PubMed 15271745Singelyn FJ, Lhotel L, Fabre B. Pain relief after arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a comparison of intraarticular analgesia, suprascapular nerve block, and interscalene brachial plexus block. Anesth Analg. 2004 Aug;99(2):589-92, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000125112.83117.49.
- Background: PubMed 26553960Cancienne JM, Gwathmey FW, Werner BC. Intraoperative Corticosteroid Injection at the Time of Knee Arthroscopy Is Associated With Increased Postoperative Infection Rates in a Large Medicare Population. Arthroscopy. 2016 Jan;32(1):90-5. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2015.09.003. Epub 2015 Nov 6.
- Background: PubMed 15039276Arroll B, Goodyear-Smith F. Corticosteroid injections for osteoarthritis of the knee: meta-analysis. BMJ. 2004 Apr 10;328(7444):869. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38039.573970.7C. Epub 2004 Mar 23.
- Background: PubMed 19279226Koyonos L, Yanke AB, McNickle AG, Kirk SS, Kang RW, Lewis PB, Cole BJ. A randomized, prospective, double-blind study to investigate the effectiveness of adding DepoMedrol to a local anesthetic injection in postmeniscectomy patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Am J Sports Med. 2009 Jun;37(6):1077-82. doi: 10.1177/0363546508331204. Epub 2009 Mar 11.
- Background: PubMed 8368408Highgenboten CL, Jackson AW, Meske NB. Arthroscopy of the knee. Ten-day pain profiles and corticosteroids. Am J Sports Med. 1993 Jul-Aug;21(4):503-6. doi: 10.1177/036354659302100404.
- Background: PubMed 8172371Armstrong RW, Bolding F. Septic arthritis after arthroscopy: the contributing roles of intraarticular steroids and environmental factors. Am J Infect Control. 1994 Feb;22(1):16-8. doi: 10.1016/0196-6553(94)90086-8.
- Background: PubMed 19593887Fontana C, Di Donato A, Di Giacomo G, Costantini A, De Vita A, Lancia F, Caricati A. Postoperative analgesia for arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a prospective randomized controlled study of intraarticular, subacromial injection, interscalenic brachial plexus block and intraarticular plus subacromial injection efficacy. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2009 Aug;26(8):689-93. doi: 10.1097/eja.0b013e32832d673e.
- Background: PubMed 14880415HOLLANDER JL, BROWN EM Jr, JESSAR RA, BROWN CY. Hydrocortisone and cortisone injected into arthritic joints; comparative effects of and use of hydrocortisone as a local antiarthritic agent. J Am Med Assoc. 1951 Dec 22;147(17):1629-35. doi: 10.1001/jama.1951.03670340019005. No abstract available.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Methylprednisolone (40 mg depomedrol, 1ml, injection) and Marcaine (4ml 0.5%, injection) in people with Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery and Intra-articular Debridement, run by Peter Chang at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 May 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study was stopped early (reason given: It was difficult to recruit patients to get the appropriate sample size.). Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Survey (DASH) (time frame: 1 year). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02867904, which also lists 19 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 May 2021.