Blood Loss, SurgicalPhase 4NCT02908412
Non-invasive Perioperative Hb Monitoring in Spinal Surgery
A Phase 4 study testing Digital nerve block with bupivacaine in people with Blood Loss, Surgical, run by Tehran University of Medical Sciences at 1 site in Iran.
Trial summary
The decision to transfuse or not to transfuse blood products is one of the main issues in patients undergoing surgery. The standard laboratory method of hemoglobin assessment is time-consuming, gives intermittent data, and requires venipuncture which is invasive and painful. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Blood Loss, Surgical
- What is being tested?
- Digital nerve block with bupivacaine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 23 participants
- Where
- 1 siteIran
- Study dates
- 4 Jan 2017to Jan 2018
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Inclusion Criteria: All patients 18 years of age or older, admitted to Sina hospital to have spinal surgery, whose surgery is not an emergency, are included in the study. Moreover, the patients must be in grade 2 or lower according to the ASA Physical Status Classification, and volunteer to participate in the study.
-
Exclusion Criteria: Patients who are going to have an emergency surgery are excluded from the study. Also patients with grade 3 ASA or higher, or the ones suffering from anatomic or vascular disorders that cause problems in attaching the SpHb sensor, are excluded from the study.
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Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Evaluating and Comparing the Accuracy of Non-invasive Hemoglobin Monitoring by Spectrophotometry With and Without Digital Nerve Block in Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery in Sina Hospital During 2016-2017
The decision to transfuse or not to transfuse blood products is one of the main issues in patients undergoing surgery.
The standard laboratory method of hemoglobin assessment is time-consuming, gives intermittent data, and requires venipuncture which is invasive and painful. In the past decade, the use of non-invasive and faster methods, which allow physicians to measure hemoglobin levels at the patient's bedside, have become widespread. One of the tools that make this possible is Spectrophotometric Hemoglobin.
Read more
However, one of the main concerns regarding this method is its accuracy. Since the accuracy of this assessment depends on the extent of perfusion of the organ on which the probe is placed, use of digital nerve blocks proposed to increase its accuracy.
This study aims to evaluate the effects of digital nerve block (with bupivacaine) on the accuracy of non-invasive hemoglobin monitoring by spectrophotometry in patients undergoing spinal surgery.
Read the detailed description
The decision to transfuse or not to transfuse blood products is one of the main issues in healthcare systems. Timely transfusion of blood to a patient bleeding, either due to the surgery or because of the trauma, can prevent tissue hypoxia and ischemia in vital organs. However, transfusion of blood products should be done carefully and cautiously due to the potential complications of transfusions, and also because of the cost of providing blood products 1, 2, 3. Hence, during surgeries, hemoglobin level has a vital role in the diagnosis and management of patients with anemia.
The standard laboratory method of hemoglobin assessment is time-consuming, gives intermittent data, and requires venipuncture which is invasive and painful. In the past decade, the use of non-invasive and faster methods, which allow physicians to measure hemoglobin levels at the patient's bedside, have become widespread. One of the tools that make this possible is Spectrophotometric Hemoglobin (SpHb Masimo Rainbow Co-oximeter). This procedure is applied by a digital probe and allows physicians to monitor hemoglobin levels continuously. 4, 5, 6 However, one of the main concerns regarding this method is its accuracy. Actually, the difference between the measured hemoglobin level and the actual hemoglobin level of the patient, might make it impossible for physicians to decide with sufficient confidence3.
From the time that SpHb has been available in operating rooms, various studies have evaluated its accuracy. While its accuracy has been reported relatively acceptable (mean difference is about 1-1.5 g/dl comparing to the lab data),4 there are still concerns regarding this issue. Furthermore, it is not clear whether this difference would remain the same during the surgery or not. Because blood transfusion is rarely needed when the hemoglobin level of patient is higher than 10g/dl during the surgery. Also, blood transfusion becomes obviously necessary if hemoglobin levels drop to 6g/dl or lower during the surgery. Therefore, the accuracy of the tool in assessing hemoglobin levels at this critical interval (6-10g/dl) is of greater importance.6,7 Experimental studies have confirmed that accuracy could change in different hemoglobin levels5,8, and with the passage of time.9 In addition, it has been reported that after significant blood loss or even following injection of blood, the average difference between SpHb and laboratory might change, as well. 5,8 Since the accuracy of this assessment depends on the extent of perfusion of the organ on which the probe is placed, methods that enhance blood circulation in the organ (including local heating of the organ and use of digital nerve blocks (DNB), proposed to increase its accuracy.10, 11 In a study conducted in 2012 by Miller et al. on 20 patients undergoing spinal surgery, DNB was performed using lidocaine. The differences between SpHb and lab hemoglobin were recorded first after injection, and then at almost hourly intervals. These differences were compared to data from another study without DNB. Thirty seven percent of data in the intervention group and 12% of data in the control group was considered as "very accurate". Results of this study showed that DNB increased perfusion indices and SpHb accuracy.10 Following the previous study, Miller et al. carried out a study in 2014 to compare the effects of DNB with lidocaine and bupivacaine on 12 healthy volunteers. DNB was performed on two identical fingers on both hands of the volunteers. Lidocaine was used on one hand and bupivacaine on the other one. Results of this study showed that both lidocaine and bupivacaine raised the perfusion indices and temperatures of the fingers. The duration and extent of the rise in temperature were more for bupivacaine, and there was a direct correlation between changes in perfusion index and those in SpHb.11 Since, the previous study data had been gathered from healthy individuals, this study aims at investigate the effects of DNB on the accuracy SpHb in patients undergoing surgery.
- Conditions
- Blood Loss, Surgical
- Being tested
- Digital nerve block with bupivacaine
- Keywords
- Nerve Block, Spectrophotometry, Bupivacaine, Spinal Surgery, Blood Loss, Surgical
- Medical subject headings
- Blood Loss, Surgical
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Digital nerve block with bupivacaineDrug
The aim of the study, the way it will be conducted, and the complications and possible risks are explained to them. written informed consent is obtained from them. Then, after induction of anaesthesia, an arterial line will be inserted in order to monitor blood pressure and to take blood samples. During the surgery, two rainbow adult ReSposable sensors will be attached to the third or fourth fingers of both hands, and each of sensors will be attached to a monitor. Patients will be randomly assigned to two groups: group A will receive DNB in left hand and group B will receive DNB in right hand. DNB will be performed by injecting 2 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine at the base of medial and lateral sides of the finger attached to the sensor (1 ml on each side of the base).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Digital nerve block in left hand | Experimental | Patients in this group will receive DNB in left hand. DNB will be performed by injecting 2 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine at the base of medial and lateral sides of the finger attached to the sensor (1 ml on each side of the base). Receives: Drug: Digital nerve block with bupivacaine |
| Digital nerve block in right hand | Experimental | Patients in this group will receive DNB in right hand. DNB will be performed by injecting 2 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine at the base of medial and lateral sides of the finger attached to the sensor (1 ml on each side of the base). Receives: Drug: Digital nerve block with bupivacaine |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
accuracy of SpHb
in each patient, Sphb values will be documented for both hands. Also, the arterial blood sample (lab Hb) will be sent to the laboratory. The difference between two measure in each hand (with or without DNB) shows the accuracy of Sphb for each hand.
Measured: At the start of the operation, once every 1.5 hours during the operation till its end
Secondary outcomes (2)
Perfusion index (PI)
In each patient, PI value of hand with DNB will be compared to PI measure in the other hand.
Measured: At the start of the operation, once every 1.5 hours during the operation till its end
Pleth Variability Index (PVI)
In each patient, PVI value of hand with DNB will be compared to PI measure in the other hand.
Measured: At the start of the operation, once every 1.5 hours during the operation till its end
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Sep 2016 (estimated)
- Study start4 Jan 2017
- Primary completionOct 2017
- Study completionJan 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Blood Loss, SurgicalStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 23 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02908412
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1395.110
- Status last verified
- Dec 2017
- First submitted
- 15 Sep 2016
- Last updated
- 20 Apr 2018
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Barker SJ, Shander A, Ramsay MA. Continuous Noninvasive Hemoglobin Monitoring: A Measured Response to a Critical Review. Anesth Analg. 2016 Feb;122(2):565-72. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000605.
PubMed 25746056Lamhaut L, Apriotesei R, Combes X, Lejay M, Carli P, Vivien B. Comparison of the accuracy of noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring by spectrophotometry (SpHb) and HemoCue(R) with automated laboratory hemoglobin measurement. Anesthesiology. 2011 Sep;115(3):548-54. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182270c22.
PubMed 21716091Suehiro K, Joosten A, Alexander B, Cannesson M. Continuous noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring: ready for prime time? Curr Opin Crit Care. 2015 Jun;21(3):265-70. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000197.
PubMed 25827587Kim SH, Lilot M, Murphy LS, Sidhu KS, Yu Z, Rinehart J, Cannesson M. Accuracy of continuous noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesth Analg. 2014 Aug;119(2):332-346. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000272.
PubMed 24914627Applegate RL 2nd, Barr SJ, Collier CE, Rook JL, Mangus DB, Allard MW. Evaluation of pulse cooximetry in patients undergoing abdominal or pelvic surgery. Anesthesiology. 2012 Jan;116(1):65-72. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31823d774f.
PubMed 22133758Rice MJ, Gravenstein N, Morey TE. Noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring: how accurate is enough? Anesth Analg. 2013 Oct;117(4):902-907. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31829483fb. Epub 2013 Jul 10.
PubMed 23842195Giraud B, Frasca D, Debaene B, Mimoz O. Comparison of haemoglobin measurement methods in the operating theatre. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Dec;111(6):946-54. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet252. Epub 2013 Jul 17.
PubMed 23869108Park YH, Lee JH, Song HG, Byon HJ, Kim HS, Kim JT. The accuracy of noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring using the radical-7 pulse CO-Oximeter in children undergoing neurosurgery. Anesth Analg. 2012 Dec;115(6):1302-7. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31826b7e38. Epub 2012 Nov 9.
PubMed 23144437Miller RD, Ward TA, Shiboski SC, Cohen NH. A comparison of three methods of hemoglobin monitoring in patients undergoing spine surgery. Anesth Analg. 2011 Apr;112(4):858-63. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31820eecd1. Epub 2011 Mar 8.
PubMed 21385985Miller RD, Ward TA, McCulloch CE, Cohen NH. Does a digital regional nerve block improve the accuracy of noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring? J Anesth. 2012 Dec;26(6):845-50. doi: 10.1007/s00540-012-1452-0. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
PubMed 22850903Miller RD, Ward TA, McCulloch CE, Cohen NH. A comparison of lidocaine and bupivacaine digital nerve blocks on noninvasive continuous hemoglobin monitoring in a randomized trial in volunteers. Anesth Analg. 2014 Apr;118(4):766-71. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000144.
PubMed 24651230
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 20 Apr 2018. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Evaluating and Comparing the Accuracy of Non-invasive Hemoglobin Monitoring by Spectrophotometry With and Without Digital Nerve Block in Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery in Sina Hospital During 2016-2017
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02908412
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1395.110
- Conditions
- Blood Loss, Surgical
- Keywords
- Nerve Block, Spectrophotometry, Bupivacaine, Spinal Surgery, Blood Loss, Surgical
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 23 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Tehran University of Medical SciencesUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center
- Study start
- 4 Jan 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Oct 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jan 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Sep 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The decision to transfuse or not to transfuse blood products is one of the main issues in patients undergoing surgery.
The standard laboratory method of hemoglobin assessment is time-consuming, gives intermittent data, and requires venipuncture which is invasive and painful. In the past decade, the use of non-invasive and faster methods, which allow physicians to measure hemoglobin levels at the patient's bedside, have become widespread. One of the tools that make this possible is Spectrophotometric Hemoglobin.
However, one of the main concerns regarding this method is its accuracy. Since the accuracy of this assessment depends on the extent of perfusion of the organ on which the probe is placed, use of digital nerve blocks proposed to increase its accuracy.
This study aims to evaluate the effects of digital nerve block (with bupivacaine) on the accuracy of non-invasive hemoglobin monitoring by spectrophotometry in patients undergoing spinal surgery.
Detailed description
The decision to transfuse or not to transfuse blood products is one of the main issues in healthcare systems. Timely transfusion of blood to a patient bleeding, either due to the surgery or because of the trauma, can prevent tissue hypoxia and ischemia in vital organs. However, transfusion of blood products should be done carefully and cautiously due to the potential complications of transfusions, and also because of the cost of providing blood products 1, 2, 3. Hence, during surgeries, hemoglobin level has a vital role in the diagnosis and management of patients with anemia.
The standard laboratory method of hemoglobin assessment is time-consuming, gives intermittent data, and requires venipuncture which is invasive and painful. In the past decade, the use of non-invasive and faster methods, which allow physicians to measure hemoglobin levels at the patient's bedside, have become widespread. One of the tools that make this possible is Spectrophotometric Hemoglobin (SpHb Masimo Rainbow Co-oximeter). This procedure is applied by a digital probe and allows physicians to monitor hemoglobin levels continuously. 4, 5, 6 However, one of the main concerns regarding this method is its accuracy. Actually, the difference between the measured hemoglobin level and the actual hemoglobin level of the patient, might make it impossible for physicians to decide with sufficient confidence3.
From the time that SpHb has been available in operating rooms, various studies have evaluated its accuracy. While its accuracy has been reported relatively acceptable (mean difference is about 1-1.5 g/dl comparing to the lab data),4 there are still concerns regarding this issue. Furthermore, it is not clear whether this difference would remain the same during the surgery or not. Because blood transfusion is rarely needed when the hemoglobin level of patient is higher than 10g/dl during the surgery. Also, blood transfusion becomes obviously necessary if hemoglobin levels drop to 6g/dl or lower during the surgery. Therefore, the accuracy of the tool in assessing hemoglobin levels at this critical interval (6-10g/dl) is of greater importance.6,7 Experimental studies have confirmed that accuracy could change in different hemoglobin levels5,8, and with the passage of time.9 In addition, it has been reported that after significant blood loss or even following injection of blood, the average difference between SpHb and laboratory might change, as well. 5,8 Since the accuracy of this assessment depends on the extent of perfusion of the organ on which the probe is placed, methods that enhance blood circulation in the organ (including local heating of the organ and use of digital nerve blocks (DNB), proposed to increase its accuracy.10, 11 In a study conducted in 2012 by Miller et al. on 20 patients undergoing spinal surgery, DNB was performed using lidocaine. The differences between SpHb and lab hemoglobin were recorded first after injection, and then at almost hourly intervals. These differences were compared to data from another study without DNB. Thirty seven percent of data in the intervention group and 12% of data in the control group was considered as "very accurate". Results of this study showed that DNB increased perfusion indices and SpHb accuracy.10 Following the previous study, Miller et al. carried out a study in 2014 to compare the effects of DNB with lidocaine and bupivacaine on 12 healthy volunteers. DNB was performed on two identical fingers on both hands of the volunteers. Lidocaine was used on one hand and bupivacaine on the other one. Results of this study showed that both lidocaine and bupivacaine raised the perfusion indices and temperatures of the fingers. The duration and extent of the rise in temperature were more for bupivacaine, and there was a direct correlation between changes in perfusion index and those in SpHb.11 Since, the previous study data had been gathered from healthy individuals, this study aims at investigate the effects of DNB on the accuracy SpHb in patients undergoing surgery.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Digital nerve block in left hand | Experimental | Drug: Digital nerve block with bupivacainePatients in this group will receive DNB in left hand. DNB will be performed by injecting 2 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine at the base of medial and lateral sides of the finger attached to the sensor (1 ml on each side of the base). |
| Digital nerve block in right hand | Experimental | Drug: Digital nerve block with bupivacainePatients in this group will receive DNB in right hand. DNB will be performed by injecting 2 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine at the base of medial and lateral sides of the finger attached to the sensor (1 ml on each side of the base). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Digital nerve block with bupivacaineThe aim of the study, the way it will be conducted, and the complications and possible risks are explained to them. written informed consent is obtained from them. Then, after induction of anaesthesia, an arterial line will be inserted in order to monitor blood pressure and to take blood samples. During the surgery, two rainbow adult ReSposable sensors will be attached to the third or fourth fingers of both hands, and each of sensors will be attached to a monitor. Patients will be randomly assigned to two groups: group A will receive DNB in left hand and group B will receive DNB in right hand. DNB will be performed by injecting 2 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine at the base of medial and lateral sides of the finger attached to the sensor (1 ml on each side of the base). | Drug | Digital nerve block in left hand, Digital nerve block in right hand |
Primary outcome
accuracy of SpHb
Time frame: At the start of the operation, once every 1.5 hours during the operation till its end
in each patient, Sphb values will be documented for both hands. Also, the arterial blood sample (lab Hb) will be sent to the laboratory. The difference between two measure in each hand (with or without DNB) shows the accuracy of Sphb for each hand.
2 secondary outcomes
Perfusion index (PI)
Time frame: At the start of the operation, once every 1.5 hours during the operation till its end
Pleth Variability Index (PVI)
Time frame: At the start of the operation, once every 1.5 hours during the operation till its end
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 20 Apr 2018.
- Background: PubMed 25746056Barker SJ, Shander A, Ramsay MA. Continuous Noninvasive Hemoglobin Monitoring: A Measured Response to a Critical Review. Anesth Analg. 2016 Feb;122(2):565-72. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000605.
- Background: PubMed 21716091Lamhaut L, Apriotesei R, Combes X, Lejay M, Carli P, Vivien B. Comparison of the accuracy of noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring by spectrophotometry (SpHb) and HemoCue(R) with automated laboratory hemoglobin measurement. Anesthesiology. 2011 Sep;115(3):548-54. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182270c22.
- Background: PubMed 25827587Suehiro K, Joosten A, Alexander B, Cannesson M. Continuous noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring: ready for prime time? Curr Opin Crit Care. 2015 Jun;21(3):265-70. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000197.
- Background: PubMed 24914627Kim SH, Lilot M, Murphy LS, Sidhu KS, Yu Z, Rinehart J, Cannesson M. Accuracy of continuous noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesth Analg. 2014 Aug;119(2):332-346. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000272.
- Background: PubMed 22133758Applegate RL 2nd, Barr SJ, Collier CE, Rook JL, Mangus DB, Allard MW. Evaluation of pulse cooximetry in patients undergoing abdominal or pelvic surgery. Anesthesiology. 2012 Jan;116(1):65-72. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31823d774f.
- Background: PubMed 23842195Rice MJ, Gravenstein N, Morey TE. Noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring: how accurate is enough? Anesth Analg. 2013 Oct;117(4):902-907. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31829483fb. Epub 2013 Jul 10.
- Background: PubMed 23869108Giraud B, Frasca D, Debaene B, Mimoz O. Comparison of haemoglobin measurement methods in the operating theatre. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Dec;111(6):946-54. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet252. Epub 2013 Jul 17.
- Background: PubMed 23144437Park YH, Lee JH, Song HG, Byon HJ, Kim HS, Kim JT. The accuracy of noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring using the radical-7 pulse CO-Oximeter in children undergoing neurosurgery. Anesth Analg. 2012 Dec;115(6):1302-7. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31826b7e38. Epub 2012 Nov 9.
- Background: PubMed 21385985Miller RD, Ward TA, Shiboski SC, Cohen NH. A comparison of three methods of hemoglobin monitoring in patients undergoing spine surgery. Anesth Analg. 2011 Apr;112(4):858-63. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31820eecd1. Epub 2011 Mar 8.
- Background: PubMed 22850903Miller RD, Ward TA, McCulloch CE, Cohen NH. Does a digital regional nerve block improve the accuracy of noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring? J Anesth. 2012 Dec;26(6):845-50. doi: 10.1007/s00540-012-1452-0. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
- Background: PubMed 24651230Miller RD, Ward TA, McCulloch CE, Cohen NH. A comparison of lidocaine and bupivacaine digital nerve blocks on noninvasive continuous hemoglobin monitoring in a randomized trial in volunteers. Anesth Analg. 2014 Apr;118(4):766-71. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000144.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Digital nerve block with bupivacaine in people with Blood Loss, Surgical, run by Tehran University of Medical Sciences at 1 site in Iran.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 Apr 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Iran. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
accuracy of SpHb (time frame: At the start of the operation, once every 1.5 hours during the operation till its end). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02908412, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 Apr 2018.